Shallow-buried tunnel moving support structure

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a shallow-buried tunnel mobile supporting structure and relates to the technical field of tunnel initial supporting. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile supporting structure comprises a tunnel inner wall, an inner wall supporting mechanism and an inner wall pressing mechanism. The inner wall supporting mechanism comprises a base, a first telescopic rod and a second telescopic rod. The base is arranged above an inner bottom wall of the tunnel inner wall. The bottom end of the first telescopic rod is hingedly connected to the top of the base. Two groups of the second telescopic rods are arranged on the two sides of the first telescopic rod, and the second telescopic rods are hingedly connected to the top of the base. When the whole supporting structure needs to be moved, the first hand wheel is only needed to be reversely rotated. The first hand wheel drives the supporting sleeve rod to rotate and axially move in the supporting sleeve tube at the same time, so that the top end of the clamping block is separated from the clamping groove. The arc-shaped pressing plate at the top of the tunnel inner wall can be disassembled, and the whole inner wall supporting mechanism can be carried and moved to support the next tunnel supporting area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel initial support technology, and more specifically, to mobile support structures for shallow-buried tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] To shorten distances and avoid steep slopes, tunnels are often constructed by excavating beneath mountains or hills. Building tunnels in mountains requires excavating rock in underground rock engineering, altering the surrounding rock mass to create the surrounding rock.

[0003] Many factors affect the stability of surrounding rock, one important factor being rock excavation. After tunnel excavation, the original balance of the surrounding strata is disrupted, causing tunnel deformation or collapse. To protect the stability of the surrounding rock, support devices are needed to support the tunnel walls during the initial excavation process. In the early stages of tunnel excavation, multiple support rods are often used to support the tunnel walls. However, once the tunnel lining near the support area is completed, these support rods need to be individually disassembled and moved to the next support area. This makes moving and adjusting multiple support rods inconvenient, resulting in poor overall effectiveness of the support system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a movable support structure for shallow-buried tunnels to solve the problem that in the early stages of tunnel excavation, multiple support rods are often used to support the inner wall of the tunnel. After the tunnel lining near the support area is completed, multiple sets of support rods need to be disassembled and moved individually to the next support area of ​​the tunnel. This results in inconvenience in moving and adjusting multiple support rods and poor overall transfer effect of the support device.

[0005] According to an embodiment of this application, a shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure includes: a tunnel inner wall, an inner wall support mechanism, and an inner wall pressure-retaining mechanism.

[0006] The inner wall support mechanism includes a base, a first telescopic rod, and a second telescopic rod. The base is located above the inner bottom wall of the tunnel. The bottom end of the first telescopic rod is hinged to the top of the base. Two sets of second telescopic rods are respectively located on both sides of the first telescopic rod, and the second telescopic rods are hinged to the top of the base. Both the first and second telescopic rods include a support sleeve, a support rod, a first handwheel, a support column, and a locking block. The bottom end of the support sleeve is hinged to the top of the base. The bottom end of the support rod is screwed into the inside of the support sleeve. The first handwheel is sleeved on the outside of the support rod. The support column is rotatably located at the top of the support rod, and the locking block is fixedly located at the top of the support column. The inner wall pressure-blocking mechanism includes an arc-shaped pressure plate. Multiple arc-shaped pressure plates are attached to the inner side of the tunnel inner wall. The bottom of the arc-shaped pressure plate is provided with a slot, and the locking block is locked inside the slot.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, each of the adjacent arc-shaped pressure plate ends is connected to a connecting ear plate, and multiple sets of fasteners are installed between the two connecting ear plates.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the fixing member includes a connecting rod, a first limiting end cap, and a first adjusting nut. The connecting rod is movably inserted through the two connecting lugs, the first limiting end cap is fixedly disposed at one end of the connecting rod, and the first adjusting nut is screwed onto the other end of the connecting rod.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, a first spring is provided between the first limiting end cap and the first adjusting nut, and the first spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, an auxiliary reinforcement mechanism is provided at the bottom of the base, and multiple sets of the auxiliary reinforcement mechanisms are equidistantly distributed at the bottom of the base.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the auxiliary reinforcement mechanism includes a nail post disposed below the base, and the bottom end of the nail post has a conical structure.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, a positioning rod is screwed to the top of the nail post, the top of the positioning rod movably passes through the base, and a second limiting end cap is provided above the base, the second limiting end cap being fixedly installed on the top of the positioning rod.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the nail post is provided with several sets of inclined connecting rods.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the top of the base is provided with a first sliding groove, a first slider is slidably disposed inside the first sliding groove, a fixing bolt is installed between the first slider and the inner wall of the first sliding groove, and the bottom end of the support sleeve is hinged to the first slider.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, a support base is fixedly provided on the top of the first slider, and the bottom end of the support sleeve is hinged to the support base.

[0016] The movable support structure for this shallow-buried tunnel requires handling during transport, which not only requires a large number of personnel but is also very laborious.

[0017] The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure also includes a bottom moving mechanism, which includes a second slider, a support crossbar, a support plate, a first moving wheel, a second spring, a guide rod, a second adjusting nut, and a positioning bolt. The second slider is slidably disposed inside the first groove. The support crossbar is fixedly disposed on the top of the second slider. The support plate is disposed above the support crossbar. The first moving wheel is installed at the bottom of the support plate. The two ends of the second spring are respectively connected to the support crossbar and the support plate. The bottom end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support crossbar. The top end of the guide rod movably passes through the second spring and the support plate. The second adjusting nut is disposed above the support plate and is screwed onto the top end of the guide rod. Multiple sets of positioning holes are equidistantly disposed on the top of the base. A positioning bolt is disposed on the top of the support crossbar, and the bottom end of the screw of the positioning bolt is screwed into the positioning hole.

[0018] When the aforementioned shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure is moved to the designated position, the first telescopic rod needs to be retracted and adjusted so that the top locking block of the first telescopic rod engages with the slot at the bottom of the new set of arc-shaped pressure plates. Since there is a certain distance between the top locking block of the retracted first telescopic rod and the slot, and the first telescopic rod is still placed at an angle on the base, the extension of the first telescopic rod needs to be gradually adjusted, and the locking block needs to be precisely aligned before it can be locked into the slot. The locking and adjustment speed is relatively slow.

[0019] The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure also includes a top support mechanism, which includes a fixed horizontal plate, a first nut, a first threaded rod, a second handwheel, and a support block. The fixed horizontal plate is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the support column. Two sets of first nuts are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the fixed horizontal plate. The top end of the first threaded rod movably passes through the fixed horizontal plate, and the first threaded rod is screwed into the first nut. The support block is rotatably installed on the top end of the first threaded rod. The second handwheel is installed on the bottom end of the first threaded rod. The top of the support block has an arc-shaped structure.

[0020] In some embodiments of this application, a transverse through groove is provided on the top of the support block, and a top moving component is installed inside the transverse through groove. The top moving component includes a support plate, a second moving wheel, a vertical plate, a second nut, a second threaded rod, and an adjustment knob. The vertical plate is fixedly disposed on one side of the support block, the support plate is slidably disposed inside the transverse through groove, and the second moving wheel is installed on the top of the support plate. The second nut is fixedly disposed on the side of the vertical plate away from the second moving wheel. One end of the second threaded rod movably passes through the vertical plate, and the end of the second threaded rod is rotatably connected to the support plate. The second threaded rod is screwed into the second nut, and the adjustment knob is installed on the other end of the second threaded rod.

[0021] In some embodiments of this application, a second sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the transverse through groove, a third slider is slidably disposed inside the second sliding groove, and the support plate is fixedly installed on the top of the third slider.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the top of the support block is provided with an anti-slip pad.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure obtained by the above design can be moved as a whole when the support structure needs to be moved. Only the first handwheel needs to be rotated in the opposite direction. The first handwheel drives the support sleeve to rotate inside the support sleeve and move axially at the same time, so that the top locking block is disengaged from the slot. The arc-shaped pressure plate at the top of the tunnel inner wall can be disassembled, and the inner wall support mechanism can be moved as a whole to support the next tunnel support area. When supporting again, the inner wall support mechanism does not need to be reassembled. Only the top arc-shaped pressure plate needs to be assembled to provide good support for the tunnel inner wall, and the assembly saves more time.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the inner wall support mechanism, auxiliary reinforcement mechanism, bottom moving mechanism and top support mechanism according to the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner wall pressure-blocking mechanism according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fastener structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary reinforcement mechanism structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom moving mechanism structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top support mechanism structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the top moving component structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] icon:

[0035] 10-Tunnel inner wall; 20-Inner wall support mechanism; 210-Base; 211-First slide groove; 212-Positioning hole; 220-First telescopic rod; 221-Support sleeve; 222-Support sleeve rod; 223-First handwheel; 224-Support column; 225-Clocking block; 226-First slider; 227-Support seat; 230-Second telescopic rod; 30-Inner wall pressure-blocking mechanism; 310-Arc-shaped pressure plate; 311-Clocking groove; 320-Connecting ear plate; 330-Fixing component; 331-Connecting rod; 332-First limiting end cap; 333-First adjusting nut; 334-First spring; 40-Auxiliary reinforcement mechanism; 410-Nail column; 420-Connecting rod; 430-Positioning rod; 440-Second Limiting end cap; 50-Bottom moving mechanism; 510-Second slider; 520-Supporting crossbar; 530-Supporting cross plate; 540-First moving wheel; 550-Second spring; 560-Guide rod; 570-Second adjusting nut; 580-Positioning bolt; 60-Top support mechanism; 610-Fixing cross plate; 620-First nut; 630-First threaded rod; 640-Second handwheel; 650-Support block; 651-Transverse through groove; 652-Second sliding groove; 660-Anti-slip pad; 670-Top moving assembly; 671-Supporting plate; 672-Second moving wheel; 673-Upright plate; 674-Second nut; 675-Second threaded rod; 676-Adjusting knob; 677-Third slider. Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0044] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a movable support structure for shallow tunnels according to an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Please see Figures 1-8 According to an embodiment of this application, a shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure includes: a tunnel inner wall 10, an inner wall support mechanism 20, and an inner wall pressure-retaining mechanism 30.

[0046] The tunnel inner wall 10 is supported by the inner wall support mechanism 20 and the inner wall pressure resisting mechanism 30, which provides good support for the tunnel inner wall 10 after the initial excavation. The inner wall support mechanism 20 and the inner wall pressure resisting mechanism 30 facilitate the disassembly and relocation of the entire device, reducing the disassembly of components and the subsequent assembly time.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3The inner wall support mechanism 20 includes a base 210, a first telescopic rod 220, and a second telescopic rod 230. The base 210 is positioned above the inner bottom wall of the tunnel inner wall 10. The bottom end of the first telescopic rod 220 is hinged to the top of the base 210. Two sets of second telescopic rods 230 are respectively positioned on both sides of the first telescopic rod 220, and are hinged to the top of the base 210. Both the first telescopic rod 220 and the second telescopic rod 230 include a support sleeve 221, a support rod 222, a first handwheel 223, a support column 224, and a locking block 225. The bottom end of the support sleeve 221 is hinged to the top of the base 210, and the bottom end of the support rod 222 is screwed into the inside of the support sleeve 221. The first handwheel 223 is sleeved on the outside of the support rod 222, and the first handwheel 223 and the support rod 222 are fixed together by welding. The support column 224 is rotatably mounted on the top of the support rod 222, and the locking block 225 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support column 224. The inner wall pressure blocking mechanism 30 includes an arc-shaped pressure plate 310, and multiple arc-shaped pressure plates 310 are attached to the inner side of the tunnel inner wall 10. The bottom of the arc-shaped pressure plate 310 is provided with a slot 311, and the locking block 225 is locked inside the slot 311.

[0048] Multiple arc-shaped pressure plates 310 can be attached to the inner side of the tunnel inner wall 10 after the initial excavation, and the multiple arc-shaped pressure plates 310 can surround the tunnel inner wall 10. By rotating the first handwheel 223, the support sleeve 222 is driven to rotate. The rotating support sleeve 222 can be moved axially through the screw connection inside the support sleeve 221. That is, the support sleeve 222 drives the end support column 224 and the locking block 225 to move. The moving locking block 225 can be inserted into the locking groove 311 at the bottom of the arc-shaped pressure plate 310, so that the first telescopic rod 220 and the second telescopic rod 230 can stably support the arc-shaped pressure plate 310 on the inner side of the tunnel inner wall 10.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 3 The base 210 has a first sliding groove 211 at its top, and a first slider 226 is slidably mounted inside the first sliding groove 211. A fixing bolt is installed between the first slider 226 and the inner wall of the first sliding groove 211. The bottom end of the support sleeve 221 is hinged to the first slider 226. A support base 227 is fixedly mounted on the top of the first slider 226, and the bottom end of the support sleeve 221 is hinged to the support base 227. Both the first sliding groove 211 and the first slider 226 can adopt a T-shaped structure, allowing the support base 227 to move stably within the first sliding groove 211. This allows for some adjustment of the bottom of the first telescopic rod 220 and the second telescopic rod 230, resulting in a suitable support angle for the first telescopic rod 220 and the second telescopic rod 230.

[0050] According to some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4Each adjacent arc-shaped pressure plate 310 is connected to a connecting lug 320 at its end, and multiple sets of fasteners 330 are installed between the two connecting lugs 320. The fasteners 330 are used to fix the connecting lugs 320, making the arc-shaped pressure plate 310 more stable. The fasteners 330 include a connecting rod 331, a first limiting end cap 332, and a first adjusting nut 333. The connecting rod 331 movably passes through the two connecting lugs 320 respectively, the first limiting end cap 332 is fixedly set at one end of the connecting rod 331, and the first adjusting nut 333 is screwed to the other end of the connecting rod 331. A first spring 334 is provided between the first limiting end cap 332 and the first adjusting nut 333, and the first spring 334 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 331. The first spring 334 between the first limiting end cap 332 and the first adjusting nut 333 is used to elastically support the connecting lugs 320.

[0051] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5 The base 210 has an auxiliary reinforcement mechanism 40 at its bottom, with multiple sets of auxiliary reinforcement mechanisms 40 evenly distributed at the bottom of the base 210. Each auxiliary reinforcement mechanism 40 includes a nail post 410, which is located below the base 210 and has a tapered bottom. A positioning rod 430 is screwed to the top of the nail post 410, and the top of the positioning rod 430 extends through the base 210. A second limiting end cap 440 is located above the base 210 and is fixedly installed on the top of the positioning rod 430. Several sets of inclined connecting rods 420 are provided outside the nail post 410, and the nail post 410 and the connecting rods 420 are fixed together by welding. The nail post 410 and the connecting rod 420 can be inserted into the bottom of the tunnel inner wall 10, which has a good reinforcement effect on the overall support structure. When the support structure needs to be transferred after the support is completed, the positioning rod 430 can be rotated by rotating the second limit end cap 440, so that the positioning rod 430 can be separated from the base 210, which can facilitate the transfer of the support structure.

[0052] The movable support structure for this shallow-buried tunnel requires handling during transport, which not only requires a large number of personnel but is also very laborious.

[0053] Please see Figure 6The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure also includes a bottom moving mechanism 50, which comprises a second slider 510, a support crossbar 520, a support plate 530, a first moving wheel 540, a second spring 550, a guide rod 560, a second adjusting nut 570, and a positioning bolt 580. The second slider 510 is slidably disposed inside the first slide groove 211, and the support crossbar 520 is fixedly disposed on the top of the second slider 510. The support crossbar 520 and the second slider 510 are fixed together by screws. The support plate 530 is disposed above the support crossbar 520, and the first moving wheel 540 is installed at the bottom of the support plate 530. The second spring 550 is connected at both ends to the supporting crossbar 520 and the supporting crossplate 530, respectively. The bottom end of the guide rod 560 is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting crossbar 520, and the guide rod 560 and the supporting crossbar 520 are fixed together by welding. The top end of the guide rod 560 movably passes through the second spring 550 and the supporting crossplate 530, respectively. The second adjusting nut 570 is set above the supporting crossplate 530 and is screwed onto the top end of the guide rod 560. The top of the base 210 is provided with multiple sets of positioning holes 212 at equal intervals. The top of the supporting crossbar 520 is provided with positioning bolts 580, and the bottom end of the screw of the positioning bolt 580 is screwed into the positioning hole 212.

[0054] To facilitate easier movement of the entire support structure, a bottom moving mechanism 50 can be used to move and transport the entire support structure. Specifically, when the support structure needs to be moved, the second adjusting nut 570 is rotated outside the guide rod 560. The second adjusting nut 570 presses the support plate 530 downwards, causing the first moving wheel 540 at the bottom of the support plate 530 to move downwards simultaneously, while the second spring 550 is in a compressed state. When the first moving wheel 540 moves below the base 210, the entire support structure can be moved via the first moving wheel 540, reducing manual labor and making the transfer of the entire support structure easier. When the support structure is moved to a designated area, the second adjusting nut 570 can be rotated in the opposite direction, causing the compressed second spring 550 to relax, moving the support plate 530 and the first moving wheel 540 upwards. When the bottom of the first moving wheel 540 is higher than the bottom of the base 210, the support structure provides stable support. The positioning bolt 580 can be inserted and fixed inside different positioning holes 212, and the overall width between the base 210 and the bottom moving mechanism 50 can be adjusted, so that the bottom moving mechanism 50 can be used in tunnels of various widths.

[0055] At the same time, the second spring 550 can also provide good shock absorption for the first moving wheel 540. When the first moving wheel 540 moves, it can move stably even when encountering slightly bumpy road surfaces.

[0056] When the aforementioned shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure is moved to the designated position, the first telescopic rod 220 needs to be retracted and adjusted so that the top locking block 225 of the first telescopic rod 220 engages with the slot 311 at the bottom of the new set of arc-shaped pressure plates 310. Since there is a certain distance between the top locking block 225 of the retracted first telescopic rod 220 and the slot 311, the first telescopic rod 220 is still placed at an angle on the base 210. It is necessary to gradually adjust the extension of the first telescopic rod 220 and accurately align the locking block 225 before the locking block 225 can be inserted into the slot 311. The insertion and adjustment speed is relatively slow.

[0057] Please see Figure 7 The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure also includes a top support mechanism 60, which includes a fixed horizontal plate 610, a first nut 620, a first threaded rod 630, a second handwheel 640, and a support block 650. The fixed horizontal plate 610 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the support column 224, and the fixed horizontal plate 610 and the support column 224 are fixed together by welding; two sets of first nuts 620 are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the fixed horizontal plate 610, and the first nuts 620 and the fixed horizontal plate 610 are fixed together by welding; the top end of the first threaded rod 630 movably passes through the fixed horizontal plate 610, and the first threaded rod 630 is screwed into the first nut 620; the support block 650 is rotatably installed on the top end of the first threaded rod 630; the second handwheel 640 is installed on the bottom end of the first threaded rod 630; and the top of the support block 650 has an arc-shaped structure.

[0058] When supporting the inner wall 10 of the tunnel, the first threaded rod 630 can be rotated by turning the second handwheel 640. The rotating first threaded rod 630 cooperates with the first nut 620, so that the first threaded rod 630 drives the top support block 650 to move in the vertical direction. This allows the support block 650 to be used to assist in supporting the inner wall of the arc-shaped pressure plate 310, making the inner wall support of the arc-shaped pressure plate 310 more stable.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 8The support block 650 has a transverse through groove 651 on its top. A top moving assembly 670 is installed inside the transverse through groove 651. The top moving assembly 670 includes a support plate 671, a second moving wheel 672, a vertical plate 673, a second nut 674, a second threaded rod 675, and an adjusting knob 676. The vertical plate 673 is fixedly mounted on one side of the support block 650, and the vertical plate 673 and the support block 650 are fixed together by bolts. The support plate 671 is slidably mounted inside the transverse through groove 651, and the second moving wheel 672 is mounted on the top of the support plate 671. The second nut 674 is fixedly mounted on the side of the vertical plate 673 away from the second moving wheel 672, and the second nut 674 and the vertical plate 673 are fixed together by welding. One end of the second threaded rod 675 is movably inserted through the vertical plate 673, and the end of the second threaded rod 675 is rotatably connected to the support plate 671. The second threaded rod 675 is screwed into the second nut 674, and the adjustment knob 676 is installed at the other end of the second threaded rod 675.

[0060] An additional set of arc-shaped pressure plates 310 is installed on the rear side of the area requiring support. The rear arc-shaped pressure plates 310 can be pre-supported by support poles. When the arc-shaped pressure plates 310 in the adjustable support structure are disassembled, the top support mechanisms 60 on both sides of the first telescopic rod 220 can be adjusted; that is, rotating the second handwheel 640 drives the first threaded rod 630 to rotate. The rotating first threaded rod 630 cooperates with the first nut 620, so that the first threaded rod 630 drives the top support block 650 to move vertically, so that the support block 650 fits against the top of the tunnel inner wall 10. By rotating the adjustment knob 676 in the top moving assembly 670, the adjustment knob 676 drives the second threaded rod 675 to rotate. The rotating second threaded rod 675, with the cooperation of the second nut 674, drives the support plate 671 and the second moving wheel 672 to move along the axial direction of the second threaded rod 675. The second moving wheel 672 moves inside the transverse through groove 651, so that the top of the second moving wheel 672 gradually moves to the outside of the support block 650, so that the roller of the second moving wheel 672 contacts the top wall of the tunnel inner wall 10. With the cooperation of the bottom moving mechanism 50, the overall movement of the support structure can be made more convenient. When the second moving wheel 672 moves at the top of the tunnel inner wall 10, the first telescopic rod 220 remains in a vertical support state throughout this process. When the second moving wheel 672 contacts another set of arc-shaped pressure plates 310, the height of the second moving wheel 672 can be appropriately adjusted to lower it, allowing the second moving wheel 672 to continue moving along the bottom of the arc-shaped pressure plate 310. Ultimately, the locking block 225 at the top of the first telescopic rod 220 moves to below the locking groove 311. By rotating the first handwheel 223 in the first telescopic rod 220, the support sleeve 222 and the locking block 225 move vertically, allowing the locking block 225 to accurately and quickly engage with the inside of the locking groove 311, increasing the speed of the overall support structure's re-support. After the locking block 225 engages with the inside of the locking groove 311, the original support pole can be removed.

[0061] It should be noted that the top support mechanism 60 can be installed not only on the first telescopic rod 220, but also on the second telescopic rod 230, so that the ends of the first telescopic rod 220 and the second telescopic rod 230 have the effects of auxiliary support and auxiliary positioning.

[0062] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8A second sliding groove 652 is provided at the bottom of the transverse through groove 651, and a third slider 677 is slidably disposed inside the second sliding groove 652. A support plate 671 is fixedly installed on the top of the third slider 677; the support plate 671 and the third slider 677 are fixed together by bolts. The arrangement of the second sliding groove 652 and the third slider 677 allows the second moving wheel 672 on the top of the third slider 677 to move stably inside the transverse through groove 651. An anti-slip pad 660 is provided on the top of the support block 650. The anti-slip pad 660 is a rubber pad, and the support block 650 has good anti-slip performance when assisting in supporting the arc-shaped pressure plate 310.

[0063] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0064] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A movable support structure for shallow-buried tunnels, characterized in that, include: Tunnel inner wall (10); The inner wall support mechanism (20) includes a base (210), a first telescopic rod (220), and a second telescopic rod (230). The base (210) is located above the bottom wall inside the tunnel inner wall (10). The bottom end of the first telescopic rod (220) is hinged to the top of the base (210). Two sets of the second telescopic rods (230) are respectively located on both sides of the first telescopic rod (220), and the second telescopic rods (230) are hinged to the top of the base (210). Both the first telescopic rod (220) and the second telescopic rod (230) include a support sleeve (221), a support rod (222), a first handwheel (223), a support column (224), and a locking block (225). The bottom end of the support sleeve (221) is hinged to the top of the base (210), the bottom end of the support rod (222) is screwed into the inside of the support sleeve (221), the first handwheel (223) is sleeved on the outside of the support rod (222), the support column (224) is rotatably disposed on the top end of the support rod (222), and the locking block (225) is fixedly disposed on the top end of the support column (224). The inner wall pressure blocking mechanism (30) includes an arc-shaped pressure plate (310), and multiple arc-shaped pressure plates (310) are attached to the inner side of the tunnel inner wall (10). The bottom of the arc-shaped pressure plate (310) is provided with a slot (311), and the card block (225) is locked inside the slot (311). The base (210) has a first groove (211) on its top. A first slider (226) is slidably disposed inside the first groove (211). A fixing bolt is installed between the first slider (226) and the inner wall of the first groove (211). The bottom end of the support sleeve (221) is hinged to the first slider (226). A support seat (227) is fixedly disposed on the top of the first slider (226). The bottom end of the support sleeve (221) is hinged to the support seat (227). The bottom moving mechanism (50) includes a second slider (510), a support crossbar (520), a support plate (530), a first moving wheel (540), a second spring (550), a guide rod (560), a second adjusting nut (570), and a positioning bolt (580). The second slider (510) is slidably disposed inside the first slide groove (211). The support crossbar (520) is fixedly disposed on the top of the second slider (510). The support plate (530) is disposed above the support crossbar (520). The first moving wheel (540) is installed at the bottom of the support plate (530). The two ends of the second spring (550) are respectively connected to... The supporting crossbar (520) and the supporting crossplate (530) are connected together. The bottom end of the guide rod (560) is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting crossbar (520). The top end of the guide rod (560) is movably inserted through the second spring (550) and the supporting crossplate (530). The second adjusting nut (570) is set above the supporting crossplate (530) and screwed onto the top end of the guide rod (560). The top of the base (210) is provided with multiple sets of positioning holes (212) at equal intervals. The top of the supporting crossbar (520) is provided with a positioning bolt (580). The bottom end of the screw of the positioning bolt (580) is screwed into the inside of the positioning hole (212). The top support mechanism (60) includes a fixed horizontal plate (610), a first nut (620), a first threaded rod (630), a second handwheel (640), and a support block (650). The fixed horizontal plate (610) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the support column (224). Two sets of first nuts (620) are respectively fixedly installed on the top of the fixed horizontal plate (610). The top end of the first threaded rod (630) movably passes through the fixed horizontal plate (610), and the first threaded rod (630) is screwed into the first nut (620). The support block (650) is rotatably installed on the top end of the first threaded rod (630). The second handwheel (640) is installed on the bottom end of the first threaded rod (630). The top of the support block (650) has an arc-shaped structure. The support block (650) has a transverse through groove (651) at its top. A top moving assembly (670) is installed inside the transverse through groove (651). The top moving assembly (670) includes a support plate (671), a second moving wheel (672), a vertical plate (673), a second nut (674), a second threaded rod (675), and an adjusting knob (676). The vertical plate (673) is fixedly installed on one side of the support block (650). The support plate (671) is slidably installed inside the transverse through groove (651). Two movable wheels (672) are installed on the top of the support plate (671). The second nut (674) is fixedly set on the side of the upright plate (673) away from the second movable wheel (672). One end of the second threaded rod (675) is movably inserted through the upright plate (673), and the end of the second threaded rod (675) is rotatably connected to the support plate (671). The second threaded rod (675) is screwed into the second nut (674), and the adjustment knob (676) is installed on the other end of the second threaded rod (675).

2. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the adjacent arc-shaped pressure plates (310) is connected to a connecting ear plate (320), and multiple sets of fasteners (330) are installed between the two connecting ear plates (320).

3. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fastener (330) includes a connecting rod (331), a first limiting end cap (332), and a first adjusting nut (333). The connecting rod (331) is movably inserted through the two connecting lugs (320). The first limiting end cap (332) is fixedly disposed at one end of the connecting rod (331), and the first adjusting nut (333) is screwed onto the other end of the connecting rod (331).

4. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first spring (334) is provided between the first limiting end cap (332) and the first adjusting nut (333), and the first spring (334) is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (331).

5. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (210) is provided with an auxiliary reinforcement mechanism (40) at the bottom, and multiple sets of the auxiliary reinforcement mechanisms (40) are equidistantly distributed at the bottom of the base (210).

6. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The auxiliary reinforcement mechanism (40) includes a nail post (410), which is located below the base (210) and has a tapered bottom.

7. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, A positioning rod (430) is screwed to the top of the nail post (410). The top of the positioning rod (430) extends through the base (210). A second limiting end cap (440) is provided above the base (210). The second limiting end cap (440) is fixedly installed on the top of the positioning rod (430).

8. The shallow-buried tunnel mobile support structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Several sets of inclined connecting rods (420) are provided on the outside of the nail post (410).

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