Intercropping and planting all-in-one seed drill for corn and soybean

Abstract

The corn and soybean intercropping planting integrated sowing device belongs to agricultural machinery; the circular groove type seed divider box shell, the circular groove type corn seed box shell and the circular groove type soybean seed box shell are sequentially matched on the circular groove type seed sowing box shell body, the arc-shaped rod soybean stirring disc and the straight rod corn stirring disc, the gear disc type corn stirring seed wheel are rotatably matched in the circular groove type soybean and corn seed box shell body, the motor A is connected with the arc-shaped rod soybean stirring disc and the straight rod corn stirring disc, the gear disc type corn stirring seed wheel through the driving shaft, the automatic seed taking and throwing mechanism including the cam assembly, the circular groove type connecting shell, the spoke wheel, the connecting rod, the cylinder sleeve, the piston, the push-pull rod and the mechanical hand clamping arm is matched in the circular groove type seed sowing box shell body and is driven by the motor B, the soybean seed sowing pipe and the corn seed sowing pipe are respectively matched on the rear side of the seed furrow opener; the device realizes the synchronous sowing of the soybean and corn intercropping, has wide application range, high generalization degree, simple and convenient intercropping planting change adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to agricultural machinery and mainly relates to an integrated synchronous seed metering device for intercropping corn and soybeans. Background Technology

[0002] Intercropping of maize and soybeans, as a novel agronomic technique, has been widely promoted and applied in dryland farming areas of northern my country due to its numerous advantages, including improved land utilization, soil structure, enhanced soil fertility, favorable crop growth, increased yield and income, and improved crop quality. Currently, intercropping of maize and soybeans still relies on separate maize and soybean seed meters to complete the intercropping process. This involves planting maize or soybeans first, then planting soybeans or maize in the space left between the rows. This method suffers from low efficiency, high costs, long operating cycles, soil damage from repeated compaction, and difficulty in operation and control – technical problems that must be overcome and solved, hindering the promotion and application of advanced agricultural techniques. To date, no research reports have been found on integrated seed metering devices for intercropping maize and soybeans. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in combination with the actual needs of mechanized operations in intercropping of corn and soybeans, to develop and design an integrated seed metering device for intercropping of corn and soybeans. This device aims to improve the efficiency of intercropping operations, shorten the operation cycle, ensure the quality of sowing and planting, and achieve high versatility, strong adaptability, and wide applicability.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows: A circular trough-type seed distribution box shell, a circular trough-type corn seed box shell, and a circular trough-type soybean seed box shell are sequentially installed from bottom to top on the upper part of the circular trough-type seed metering box shell. A cover plate is fastened to the upper end of the circular trough-type soybean seed box shell. Motor A is fixedly mounted on the center of the cover plate. A drive shaft is radially and axially positioned and rotatably mounted vertically on the center of the circular trough-type corn seed box shell and the circular trough-type soybean seed box shell. The motor shaft of motor A is fixedly inserted into the upper end of the drive shaft. An arc-shaped soybean stirring disc is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the drive shaft, located on the bottom wall of the cavity of the circular trough-type soybean seed box shell. A circular trough-type soybean stirring disc is mounted on the lower side of the drive shaft, located on the bottom wall of the cavity of the circular trough-type corn seed box shell. A straight-rod corn agitator and a toothed corn agitator are sequentially fixed in place. A soybean guide tube is installed between the outer walls of the circular trough-type soybean seed box and the circular trough-type seed distribution box, connecting the two shells. A corn guide tube is installed inside the cavity of the circular trough-type seed distribution box, connecting the two shells. The corn and soybean guide tubes are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. A motor B is fixed at the center of the lower wall of the circular trough-type seed distribution box. A cam assembly is axially and radially positioned and rotatably mounted at the center of the bottom wall of the circular trough-type seed distribution box. The cam assembly is connected to the motor shaft of motor B. A circular groove connecting housing is fixedly installed on the center of the upper wall of the bottom wall cavity of the circular groove seed box, located outside the cam assembly. Multiple cylinder liners are evenly distributed and interconnected on the side wall of the circular groove connecting housing. A piston is axially reciprocatingly inserted into the cylinder liner. A spoke wheel is rotatably mounted on the cam assembly via a main pin. One end of a connecting rod is hinged to the spoke wheel via a pin, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the piston. A push-pull rod is installed on the top of the piston, and an opening / closing pin is fixedly installed on the outer end of the push-pull rod. A support is coaxially and axially movable on the inner side of the outer end of the cylinder liner. The opening / closing pin is axially reciprocatingly inserted into an elongated hole on the support. Two... The robotic arm grippers are symmetrically hinged and reciprocated in a circular motion. Opening and closing pins are reciprocally inserted into elongated holes on the two symmetrically arranged robotic arm grippers. Soybean and corn seed-holding funnels are respectively connected and installed at the lower ends of the soybean and corn conduits, located within the cavity of the circular trough-type seed metering box. The robotic arm grippers engage with the soybean and corn seed-holding funnels to grasp and hold seeds. Soybean and corn seed-holding funnels are respectively installed on the bottom plate of the circular trough-type seed metering box. The robotic arm grippers engage with the soybean and corn seed-holding funnels to dispense seeds. Soybean and corn seed-holding tubes are respectively fitted onto the lower ends of the soybean and corn seed-holding funnels.Multiple furrow openers are arranged horizontally at the lower part of the circular trough-type seed metering box shell. Soybean and corn seed metering tubes are sequentially installed on the rear side of the corresponding furrow openers, alternating with each other, to complete the intercropping of soybeans and corn. This constitutes an integrated seed metering device for intercropping soybeans and corn.

[0005] This invention employs a combination of a circular trough-type corn seed box shell and a circular trough-type soybean seed box shell, with the corn and soybean seed metering pipes respectively connected to the furrow opener at intervals. This allows for the simultaneous completion of intercropping of corn and soybeans with different numbers of rows by a single planter. A relatively configured robotic arm is used to grip and release corn and soybean seeds, exhibiting good adaptability to seed shape and size, ensuring the reliability and stability of seed gripping and release. It features a unique, novel, reasonable, and compact structure; easy and convenient adjustment of the number of intercropping rows; strong applicability to intercropping; wide applicability; high operating efficiency; and good operating quality, providing technical support for the promotion and application of agronomic techniques for intercropping corn and soybeans. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated seed metering device for intercropping corn and soybeans;

[0007] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of the shell of the medium-circular trough-type soybean seed box along line A-A;

[0008] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of the shell of the medium-circular trough-type corn seed box along line B-B;

[0009] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the integrated seed metering device for intercropping corn and soybeans;

[0010] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 C-C sectional view;

[0011] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the casing of the medium-circular groove-type seed distribution box along line D-D;

[0012] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of section E in the middle;

[0013] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of section F in the middle;

[0014] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cam assembly structure inside the shell of the circular groove seed metering box;

[0015] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the integrated seed metering device for intercropping corn and soybeans.

[0016] Part number description in the image:

[0017] 1. Motor A; 2. Cover plate; 3. Circular groove soybean seed box shell; 4. Circular groove corn seed box shell; 5. Circular groove seed distribution box shell; 6. Circular groove seed metering box shell; 7. Motor B; 8. Corn seed metering pipe; 9. Soybean seed metering pipe; 10. Furrow opener; 11. Arc-shaped rod soybean agitator; 12. Straight rod corn agitator; 13. Toothed disc corn agitator wheel; 14. Drive shaft; 15. Soybean guide tube; 16. 17. Corn conduit, 18. Soybean seed funnel, 19. Soybean seed metering funnel, 20. Corn seed metering funnel, 21. Pin, 22. Spoke wheel, 23. Cam assembly, 24. Connecting rod, 25. Cylinder liner, 26. Piston, 27. Push-pull rod, 28. Support, 29. Circular groove connecting housing, 30. Main pin, 31. Opening and closing pin, 32. Hinge pin, 33. Robotic arm gripper. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A corn and soybean intercropping integrated seed metering device comprises, from bottom to top, a circular trough seed distribution box shell 5, a circular trough corn seed box shell 4, and a circular trough soybean seed box shell 3, sequentially installed on the upper part of a circular trough seed metering box shell 6. A cover plate 2 is fastened to the upper end of the circular trough soybean seed box shell 3. A motor A1 is fixedly mounted on the center of the cover plate 2. A drive shaft 14 is radially and axially positioned and rotatably mounted vertically on the center of the circular trough corn seed box shell 4 and the circular trough soybean seed box shell 3. The motor shaft of the motor A1 is fixedly inserted into the upper end of the drive shaft 14. An arc-shaped device is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the drive shaft 14, located on the bottom wall of the cavity of the circular trough soybean seed box shell 3. A straight-rod soybean agitator 11 is fixedly mounted from top to bottom on the lower side of the drive shaft 14, on the bottom wall of the cavity of the circular groove-type corn seed box 4. A soybean guide tube 15 is provided between the outer walls of the circular groove-type soybean seed box 3 and the circular groove-type seed distribution box 5, connecting the two. A corn guide tube 16 is installed inside the cavity of the circular groove-type seed distribution box 5, connecting the two. The corn guide tube 16 and the soybean guide tube 15 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. A motor B7 is fixedly mounted on the center of the lower wall of the bottom wall of the circular groove seed metering box housing 6. A cam assembly 23 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the center of the bottom wall of the circular groove seed metering box housing 6. The cam assembly 23 is connected to the motor shaft of the motor B7. A circular groove connecting housing 29 is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper wall of the bottom wall cavity of the circular groove seed metering box housing 6, located outside the cam assembly 23. Multiple cylinder liners 25 are evenly distributed and interconnected on the side wall of the circular groove connecting housing 29. Pistons 26 are axially reciprocatingly inserted into the cylinder liners 25. A spoked wheel 2 is rotatably mounted on the cam assembly 23 via a main pin shaft 30. 2. One end of the connecting rod 24 is hinged to the spoke wheel 22 via the pin 21, and the other end of the connecting rod 24 is hinged to the piston 26. A push-pull rod 27 is installed on the top of the piston 26, and an opening and closing pin 31 is fixed on the outer end of the push-pull rod 27. A support 28 is coaxially and axially movable on the inner side of the outer end of the cylinder liner 25. The opening and closing pin 31 is axially reciprocatingly inserted into the elongated hole on the support 28. Two hinge pins 32 are symmetrically and reciprocally oscillatingly hinged to the support 28 to install the robotic arm gripper 33. The opening and closing pin 31 is reciprocally movable and inserted into the elongated hole on the two symmetrically arranged robotic arm grippers 33.Soybean seed funnels 17 and corn seed funnels 18 are respectively connected and installed on the lower ends of the soybean conduit 15 and corn conduit 16, located inside the cavity of the circular trough-type seed metering box shell 6. A robotic arm 33 engages with the soybean seed funnel 17 and corn seed funnel 18 to grasp the seeds. Soybean seed funnels 19 and corn seed funnels 20 are respectively installed on the bottom plate of the circular trough-type seed metering box shell 6. The robotic arm 33 engages with the soybean seed funnel 19 and corn seed funnel 20 to dispense the seeds. Soybean seed metering tubes 9 and corn seed metering tubes 8 are respectively fitted onto the lower ends of the soybean seed funnel 19 and corn seed funnel 20. Multiple furrow openers 10 are arranged laterally at the lower part of the circular trough-type seed metering box shell 6. Soybean seed metering tubes 9 and corn seed metering tubes 8 are sequentially fitted onto the rear side of the corresponding furrow openers 10, completing the intercropping of soybeans and corn.

[0019] During operation, the circular trough seed metering box shell 6 and the circular trough seed distribution box shell 5, circular trough corn seed box shell 4, and circular trough soybean seed box shell 3 above it are installed on the upper part of the seeder frame. Multiple furrow openers 10 are installed horizontally and sequentially on the lower side of the seeder frame, below the circular trough seed metering box shell 6. Each furrow opener 10 is located in the corn or soybean seedbed soil and performs furrow opening as the seeder moves forward. Simultaneously, the rotary motor A1 drives the arc-shaped soybean stirring disc 11, the straight-shaped corn stirring disc 12, and the toothed corn stirring wheel 13 via the drive shaft 14 to rotate within the circular trough soybean seed box shell 3 and the circular trough corn seed box shell 4, respectively. This causes soybean seeds to fall through the soybean conduit 15 into the soybean seed hopper 17, and corn seeds to fall through the corn conduit 16 into the corn seed hopper 18. Simultaneously, the rotary motor B7 drives the cam assembly 23 in the circular trough... The piston rotates within the housing 29, driving the spoke wheel 22 to rotate via the main pin 30. The connecting rod 24 drives the piston 26 to reciprocate linearly within the cylinder liner 25. The opening / closing pin 31 on the push-pull rod 27 reciprocates linearly within the elongated hole on the support 28, simultaneously driving the correspondingly configured robotic arm 33 to oscillate around the hinge pin 32 on the support 28, completing the opening and closing actions. During the return stroke after the piston 26 reaches its furthest point, the robotic arm... The robotic arm 33 moves to the soybean seed-holding funnel 17 or the corn seed-holding funnel 18, gradually clamping the soybean or corn seeds. When the piston 26 returns to its closest point, the robotic arm 33 moves to the position above the soybean seed-discharging funnel 19 or the corn seed-discharging funnel 20, and opens, allowing the soybean or corn seeds to pass through the soybean seed-discharging funnel 19 or the corn seed-discharging funnel 20 into the soybean seed-discharging tube 9 or the corn seed-discharging tube 8, and be sown into the seed furrow opened by the seed furrow opener 10. According to intercropping agronomic requirements, this device can handle and complete the synchronous sowing of intercropping with different numbers of soybean rows and different numbers of corn rows. For example, when intercropping two rows of soybeans with two rows of corn, the two seed furrow openers 10 with soybean seed-discharging tubes 9 are placed adjacent to each other, and spaced apart from the two seed furrow openers 10 with corn seed-discharging tubes 8. This device can meet the requirements of various intercropping variations with different row numbers.

Claims

1. A seed metering device for intercropping corn and soybeans, characterized in that: A circular trough-type seed box shell (6) is installed from bottom to top on the upper part of the circular trough-type seed box shell (6), followed by a circular trough-type corn seed box shell (4) and a circular trough-type soybean seed box shell (3). A cover plate (2) is fastened to the upper end of the circular trough-type soybean seed box shell (3). A motor A (1) is fixedly mounted on the center of the cover plate (2). A drive shaft (14) is vertically mounted radially and axially, and rotatably in the circumferential direction, at the center of the circular trough-type corn seed box shell (4) and the circular trough-type soybean seed box shell (3). The motor shaft of the motor A (1) is fixedly inserted into the upper end of the drive shaft (14). An arc-shaped soybean stirring disc (11) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the drive shaft (14) at the bottom wall of the cavity of the circular trough-type soybean seed box shell (3). (14) A straight rod corn stirring disc (12) and a toothed disc corn stirring wheel (13) are fixedly installed from top to bottom on the bottom wall of the cavity of the circular groove corn seed box shell (4). A soybean conduit (15) is provided between the outer walls of the circular groove soybean seed box shell (3) and the circular groove seed distribution box shell (5). The soybean conduit (15) connects the circular groove soybean seed box shell (3) and the circular groove seed distribution box shell (6). A corn conduit (16) is installed in the cavity of the circular groove seed distribution box shell (5). The corn conduit (16) connects the circular groove corn seed box shell (4) and the circular groove seed distribution box shell (6). The corn conduit (16) and the soybean conduit (15) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. A motor B (7) is fixedly mounted on the center of the lower wall of the seed box housing (6). A cam assembly (23) is axially and radially positioned and rotatably mounted on the center of the lower wall of the circular groove seed box housing (6). The cam assembly (23) is connected to the motor shaft of the motor B (7). A circular groove connecting housing (29) is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper wall of the cavity of the lower wall of the circular groove seed box housing (6), located outside the cam assembly (23). Multiple cylinder liners (25) are evenly distributed and interconnected on the side wall of the circular groove connecting housing (29). A piston (26) is inserted into the cylinder liner (25) and can be axially reciprocated. A spoke wheel (22) is rotatably mounted on the cam assembly (23) via a main pin (30). 21) One end of the connecting rod (24) is hinged to the spoke wheel (22), and the other end of the connecting rod (24) is hinged to the piston (26). A push-pull rod (27) is installed on the top of the piston (26), and an opening and closing pin (31) is fixed on the outer end of the push-pull rod (27). A support (28) is inserted coaxially and axially movable on the inner side of the outer end of the cylinder liner (25). The opening and closing pin (31) is inserted into the elongated hole on the support (28) and axially reciprocating. Two mechanical arm grippers (33) are respectively hinged on the support (28) by two hinge pins (32) that are symmetrical to each other and reciprocating in a circular motion. The opening and closing pin (31) is inserted into the elongated hole on the two symmetrically arranged mechanical arm grippers (33).Soybean seed funnels (17) and corn seed funnels (18) are respectively connected and installed at the lower ends of the soybean conduit (15) and corn conduit (16) and inside the cavity of the circular groove seed metering box shell (6). A robotic arm (33) engages with the soybean seed funnels (17) and corn seed funnels (18) to grasp and collect seeds. Soybean seed funnels (19) and corn seed funnels (20) are respectively installed on the bottom plate of the circular groove seed metering box shell (6). The robotic arm (33) engages with the soybean seed funnels (19) and corn seed funnels (20) to grasp and collect seeds. The seed metering funnel (19) and the corn seed metering funnel (20) complete the seed delivery; the soybean seed metering tube (9) and the corn seed metering tube (8) are respectively installed on the lower ends of the soybean seed metering funnel (19) and the corn seed metering funnel (20); multiple furrow openers (10) are arranged horizontally at the lower part of the circular trough seed metering box shell (6), and the soybean seed metering tube (9) and the corn seed metering tube (8) are sequentially installed on the rear side of the corresponding furrow opener (10) at intervals, completing the intercropping of soybeans and corn.

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