Application of metformin in extending egg-laying time of pigeons

Abstract

The application discloses application of metformin in prolonging egg laying time of pigeons, and the metformin prolongs the egg laying time of the pigeons through a glycolysis pathway, and the mass ratio of a dosage of the metformin to a body weight of the pigeons is 60-65 mg:1 kg. It is found through experiments that the metformin can improve oxidative stress, effectively improve total antioxidant capacity in pigeon serum, reduce contents of H2O2 and MDA in the serum, rapidly improve production performance of the pigeons, has effects of promoting nutrient absorption of the body, rapidly recovering damaged functions of the body, and synergistically exerting antioxidation, and simultaneously has advantages of easy absorption of the body, improvement of bioavailability of the medicine and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of poultry breeding, in particular to application of metformin in prolonging egg-laying time of pigeons. BACKGROUND

[0002] The reproductive performance of female pigeons is closely related to the level of ovary development. In production practice, the development of follicles can be regulated by adjusting the nutritional level, physical and chemical environment, disease prevention and control and feeding management mode, so as to improve the reproductive performance of female pigeons. Pigeon eggs not only have high edible value, but also have good medicinal value. The egg-laying performance of pigeons mainly depends on the level of ovary development. At the same time, pigeons have a unique egg-laying rule, and usually two follicles (sometimes more than two) start to develop on the ovary at a time. Compared with other organs, the ovary is most susceptible to age, and the decrease in the number and quality of follicles associated with age determines the ovary aging.

[0003] At present, the most studied method for alleviating ovary decline is to alleviate the oxidative stress occurring in the process of ovary decline. Studies have shown that increasing the content of antioxidant substances in the ovary and improving its antioxidant capacity can inevitably reduce the oxidative stress of the ovary tissue and reduce follicle atresia. Oxidative products are inevitably produced in the normal metabolic process of cells, and the accumulation of oxidative products in cells causes oxidative stress of the tissue. In order to reduce the oxidative stress of the tissue, in recent years, some natural compounds with antioxidant capacity such as resveratrol, lycopene and proanthocyanidin have been widely studied, but their application in alleviating ovary decline of female pigeons, prolonging the egg-laying time of female pigeons and improving the egg-laying performance is not obvious.

[0004] Metformin is derived from galegine, which is a natural extract of Galega officinalis plant and was used as a herbal medicine to treat malaria patients in Europe in the Middle Ages. Galegine was evaluated as a hypoglycemic drug in the 1920s, but it was prohibited as a hypoglycemic drug due to its significant side effects. Although galegine has not been introduced into clinical application, scientists have synthesized and tested the derivatives of galegine, metformin and phenformin, and through animal experiments, researchers have found that they have significant hypoglycemic effect and no obvious side effects. Chemically, cysteine is an isoprenyl derivative of guanidine, and metformin and phenformin are biguanides, containing two coupled guanidine molecules and can have other substituent groups. It is not clear whether metformin can regulate the egg-laying performance of pigeons, and whether metformin can prolong the egg-laying time of pigeons by activating the glycolysis pathway has not been studied. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide the application of metformin in prolonging the egg-laying time of pigeons, so as to solve the problem that the effects of existing drugs in alleviating ovarian decline in female pigeons, prolonging the egg-laying time of female pigeons, and improving egg-laying performance are not obvious.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] Application of metformin in prolonging the egg-laying time of pigeons.

[0008] Furthermore, metformin prolongs the egg-laying time of pigeons through glycolysis.

[0009] Furthermore, the dosage of metformin used is in a mass ratio of 60-65 mg to 1 kg of pigeon body weight.

[0010] Furthermore, the dosage of metformin used was in a mass ratio of 62.5 mg to 1 kg of pigeon body weight.

[0011] A feed for prolonging the egg-laying time of pigeons includes the aforementioned metformin.

[0012] A drug for prolonging the egg-laying time of pigeons, with metformin as the active ingredient, also includes pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0013] Furthermore, pharmaceutical excipients include fillers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, preservatives, dispersants, drug carrier materials, immediate-release formulation materials, and gel materials, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the dosage forms of the drug include tablets and sustained-release formulations.

[0015] Furthermore, the method of drug administration includes oral administration.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention is the first to apply metformin to prolong the egg-laying time of pigeons. Experiments have shown that metformin can improve oxidative stress, effectively increase the total antioxidant capacity in pigeon serum, and reduce the content of H2O2 and MDA in serum. It can rapidly improve the production performance of pigeons, and also promote the absorption of nutrients, quickly restore damaged bodily functions, and enhance the antioxidant effect. At the same time, it has the advantages of easy absorption by the body and improved drug bioavailability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 Optical and stained microscopic images of the ovaries of the control group (NT) and the experimental group (Metformin), as well as stained microscopic images of the follicles.

[0019] Figure 2 The results of the test on pigeon egg production;

[0020] Figure 3 The test results show the quality of pigeon ovaries;

[0021] Figure 4 The results show the total antioxidant capacity in pigeon serum.

[0022] Figure 5 The results of the test for H2O2 content in pigeon serum;

[0023] Figure 6 The results show the MDA content in pigeon serum. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer should be followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.

[0025] Example 1: Effects of metformin on follicle development, egg production performance, and serum antioxidant levels in low-producing pigeons

[0026] I. Experimental Methods

[0027] (1) Grouping and modeling

[0028] Sixty pairs of late-laying pigeons were randomly and evenly divided into two groups. After two weeks of feeding in the animal house, the experimental group (Metformin) was administered metformin at a dose of 62.5 mg / kg (metformin: pigeon body weight) via drinking water, while the control group (NT) was given metformin hydrochloride tablets by hand for 30 consecutive days. The control group (NT) was given the same amount of drinking water. The number of eggs laid daily was recorded. On day 31, blood samples were collected from the wing vein to prepare plasma and serum. The pigeons were then euthanized by cervical bleeding after anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital, and tissue samples (ovaries and follicles) were collected for subsequent experiments.

[0029] (2) After euthanasia, follicles and ovaries collected from pigeons were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at 4°C for 24 hours, dehydrated with graded ethanol, then embedded in paraffin at 60°C, and sectioned at a thickness of 4 μm. HE staining was performed according to standard histological procedures. Ovarian tissues from control and experimental groups were directly observed, and the structure of the ovary and white follicle (WF) was examined under a microscope. The quality of the pigeon ovaries was also measured.

[0030] (3) Collect the blood sample into a blood collection tube, let it stand at 37°C, and after the blood is separated into layers, transfer it to a refrigerator at 4°C overnight. The next day, take the upper layer of blood sample and test the relevant indicators immediately according to the instructions of the Total Antioxidant Capacity Test Kit (manufacturer: Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute), H2O2 Test Kit (manufacturer: Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Content Determination Kit (manufacturer: Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute) to detect the level of antioxidants and oxidation products in the plasma.

[0031] II. Experimental Results

[0032] (1) Experimental results on the effects of metformin on follicle development and egg production performance in low-producing pigeons are as follows: Figures 1-3 As shown.

[0033] Figure 1 The top two images are photographs of ovarian tissue from pigeons in the control and experimental groups. The photographs show that the ovaries of the control group pigeons, having passed their egg-laying period, have ceased egg production, while the experimental group pigeons are clearly still laying eggs, indicating that metformin effectively prolongs the egg-laying period. The middle two images are microscopic photographs of stained ovarian tissue from the control and experimental groups. The control group pigeons have relatively larger ovarian structures, fewer follicles, and inhibited follicle development, while the experimental group pigeons fed metformin have relatively smaller ovarian structures with clearly visible follicles and normal follicle development, indicating they can still lay eggs normally. The bottom two images are microscopic photographs of stained white follicular structures from the control and experimental groups. The control group pigeons show inhibited follicle development, with loosened granulosa and membrane layers, while the experimental group pigeons have normal follicle development, with tightly packed granulosa and membrane layers.

[0034] Figure 2 The figures show the egg production of pigeons in the control and experimental groups. The data clearly shows that the pigeons fed metformin had a significantly higher egg production in the later stages of egg production than the control group, indicating that metformin effectively improved the egg production performance of pigeons.

[0035] Figure 3 The figure shows the ovarian quality of pigeons in the control and experimental groups. The data clearly shows that the ovarian quality of pigeons fed metformin was significantly higher than that of the control group after being cultured for another 30 days in the later stage of egg production. Combined with the above experimental results, it can be seen that this is because the control group pigeons had basically stopped laying eggs at this time, while the experimental group pigeons were still laying eggs.

[0036] In summary, metformin promotes follicle development in pigeons (low-producing pigeons) during the later stages of egg production, thereby increasing egg production and improving egg production performance. Furthermore, metformin effectively prolongs the egg-laying period of pigeons.

[0037] (2) Experimental results on the effect of metformin on antioxidant levels in the serum of low-producing pigeons are as follows: Figures 4-6 As shown.

[0038] in, Figure 4 The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of the control group and the experimental group was clearly shown. It can be seen that the total antioxidant capacity of the serum of low-producing pigeons fed metformin was significantly higher than that of the control group. Figure 5 and Figure 6 The levels of H2O2 and MDA in the serum of the control and experimental groups were visually displayed separately. The levels of H2O2 and MDA in the serum of low-producing pigeons fed metformin were significantly lower than those in the control group. These results indicate that metformin can effectively improve oxidative stress in pigeons and enhance their antioxidant effects.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of metformin in prolonging the egg-laying time of pigeons, characterized in that, The dosage of metformin used is 60-65 mg to 1 kg of pigeon body weight.

2. The application of metformin according to claim 1 in prolonging the egg-laying time of pigeons, characterized in that, Metformin prolongs the egg-laying time of pigeons through glycolysis.

3. The application of metformin according to claim 1 in prolonging the egg-laying time of pigeons, characterized in that, The dosage of metformin used was 62.5 mg to 1 kg of pigeon body weight.

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