Stiffness-adjustable turnout damper, stiffness setting method, and turnout

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rail transit engineering, and particularly relates to a turnout damper with adjustable stiffness, a stiffness setting method and a turnout. The turnout damper with adjustable stiffness comprises an elastic layer, at least two steel sleeves are arranged on the elastic layer, a top plate is also arranged on the elastic layer, the top plate is sleeved outside the steel sleeves, a stiffness adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer, the stiffness adjusting device comprises a frame plate, the steel sleeves are connected with the frame plate, a placing groove is arranged on the frame plate, and different sizes of stiffness adjusting pads can be placed in the placing groove. The turnout damper with adjustable stiffness can place the stiffness adjusting pads corresponding to the required stiffness in different turnout dampers, so that the overall stiffness of different parts of the turnout tends to be consistent, the demand for uniform stiffness of the turnout is better met, the manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced, the stiffness of the turnout damper is quickly and conveniently adjusted, and the uniform stiffness of the turnout of the city area railway, the intercity railway and the high-speed railway is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail transit engineering, and in particular to a turnout damper with adjustable stiffness, a stiffness setting method and a turnout. BACKGROUND

[0002] In a railway turnout area, there are various combinations of rails, and the length of the turnout damper varies. In addition, there are also turnout-specific track components such as spacing irons and sliding bed platforms. These structures result in a large longitudinal non-uniformity of the overall stiffness of the track in the railway turnout area. In particular, when there is a need for vibration reduction in the turnout area, the use of a turnout damper will further exacerbate the non-uniformity of the stiffness of the turnout.

[0003] When a train passes through the turnout, the vertical deflection of the track will change unevenly at different positions, forming additional irregularities. The additional irregularities of the stiffness of the turnout will worsen the wheel-rail interaction and affect the running smoothness, comfort and even safety of the train when passing through the turnout. At the same time, the non-uniformity of the stiffness exacerbates the impact of the train on the turnout, increasing the workload for maintenance and repair of the turnout and shortening the service life of the turnout. Therefore, the uniformity of the stiffness of the turnout is particularly important for the smoothness, comfort, safety and service life of the turnout of a high-speed railway.

[0004] The number of subway turnout areas is small, the length of the turnout is short, and the speed of the train is not high, so the problem of non-uniformity of the stiffness of the turnout does not have a significant impact. For the turnout of a city railway, an intercity railway and a high-speed railway, the non-uniformity of the stiffness of the turnout is a problem that cannot be ignored. In the past, in order to achieve the uniformity of the stiffness of the turnout area, different stiffness rubber pads were set at different positions of the turnout, and the "node stiffness" of the fastener at different positions of the turnout was adjusted to make the "overall stiffness" of the turnout at different positions consistent, so that the vertical displacement of the track is basically consistent when the train passes through. However, the traditional method of adjusting the structure of vulcanized rubber and changing the stiffness of the elastic pad is relatively complex, especially the vulcanized rubber pads with different stiffnesses, which require different structures of vulcanization molds, have high costs, and cannot be adjusted after installation. At present, there is no turnout damper with adjustable stiffness to facilitate the adjustment of the turnout damper. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a turnout damper with adjustable stiffness and a stiffness setting method in view of the current situation that there is no turnout damper with adjustable stiffness.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] The application discloses a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper, which comprises an elastic layer, at least two steel sleeves arranged at intervals on the elastic layer, a top plate arranged on the elastic layer and sleeved outside the steel sleeves, and a stiffness adjusting device arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer.

[0008] The application discloses a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper, which comprises an elastic layer, at least two steel sleeves arranged at intervals on the elastic layer, a top plate arranged on the elastic layer and sleeved outside the steel sleeves, and a stiffness adjusting device arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer.

[0009] Preferably, the stiffness adjusting pads of different sizes are different in the contact area with the elastic layer, the contact area of the stiffness adjusting pad with the elastic layer is adjusted by replacing the stiffness adjusting pad of different sizes, and the stiffness adjusting pad provides different supporting stiffness to the elastic layer.

[0010] Preferably, the stiffness adjusting pads of different sizes are different in the contact area with the elastic layer, the contact area of the stiffness adjusting pad with the elastic layer is adjusted by replacing the stiffness adjusting pad of different sizes, and the stiffness adjusting pad provides different supporting stiffness to the elastic layer.

[0011] Preferably, the stiffness adjusting pads of different sizes are different in the contact area with the elastic layer, the contact area of the stiffness adjusting pad with the elastic layer is adjusted by replacing the stiffness adjusting pad of different sizes, and the stiffness adjusting pad provides different supporting stiffness to the elastic layer.

[0012] In order to ensure that the stiffness provided by the stiffness adjusting pad to the elastic layer has a linear relationship with the width value of the stiffness adjusting pad, thereby greatly simplifying the design and calculation workload of the stiffness provided by the stiffness adjusting pad to the elastic layer.

[0013] The application also discloses a stiffness setting method for the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper.

[0014] S1. Obtain the relationship between the node stiffness k of the turnout damper and the width s of the stiffness adjusting pad through experimental tests, and perform linear fitting to obtain a proportional coefficient α;

[0015] S2. Determine the expected stiffness k of the basic track turnout damper according to the turnout damping grade requirement f , and obtain the expected stiffness k of the basic track turnout damper based on the proportional coefficient α f ; f

[0016] S3. Establish a turnout mechanical model based on the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper, wherein the steel rail is simulated by a beam model, and the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper is simulated by a spring;

[0017] S4. Calculate the node stiffness k of the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper in the turnout area when the initial setting stiffness-adjustable turnout damper is set before stiffness homogenization according to the straight driving path and the lateral driving path respectively s , to obtain a node stiffness curve k s (x), wherein x is a coordinate along the straight driving path or the lateral driving path;

[0018] S5. Calculate the width S1(x l ) of the straight driving stiffness adjusting pad and the width S2(x s ) of the lateral driving stiffness adjusting pad required for adjustment based on the node stiffness curve k s (x), the proportional coefficient α and the expected stiffness k f of the basic track turnout damper of the corresponding type;

[0019] S6. Average the width s0(x) of the stiffness adjusting pad in the straight path and the lateral path direction shared position based on the width S1(x l ) of the stiffness adjusting pad on the straight driving path and the width S2(x s ) of the stiffness adjusting pad on the lateral driving path, to obtain the average width s0(x) of the corresponding stiffness adjusting pad;

[0020] S7. Obtain the final width S of the corresponding stiffness adjusting pad based on the average width s0(x) of the corresponding stiffness adjusting pad and the expected width S f of the corresponding stiffness adjusting pad.​z .

[0021] The stiffness setting method for the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper can realize on-site installation adjustment of the damper stiffness, can be adjusted at any time according to the actually measured turnout stiffness unevenness index, and greatly improves the turnout stiffness uniformity precision.

[0022] Preferably, the proportion coefficient α is specifically:

[0023] k=k0+αs;

[0024] In the formula, k is the turnout damper node stiffness; s is the stiffness adjustment pad width; k0 is the basic stiffness value.

[0025] Preferably, in step S5, based on the node stiffness curve k s (x), the proportion coefficient α and the expected stiffness k f of the basic track turnout damper of the corresponding type, the width S1(x l ) of the straight driving stiffness adjustment pad and the width S2(x s ) of the lateral driving stiffness adjustment pad are calculated through a first formula, wherein the first formula is specifically:

[0026] s1(x l )=(k s (x l )-k f ) / α

[0027] s2(x s )=(k s (x s )-k f ) / α

[0028] In the formula, k s (x l ) is the node stiffness value corresponding to the coordinate x l position along the straight driving path; k s (x s ) is the node stiffness value corresponding to the coordinate x s position along the lateral driving path.

[0029] Preferably, in step S6, the stiffness adjustment pad width of the shared position of the straight path and the lateral path direction is averaged according to a second formula, wherein the second formula is specifically: S0(x)=(S1(x l )+S2(x s )) / 2.

[0030] This application also discloses a turnout, including a turnout structure, wherein the bottom of the turnout structure is provided with a turnout vibration damper with adjustable stiffness as described in this application, and the turnout structure is connected to the top plate.

[0031] This application also discloses a turnout, wherein the bottom of the turnout structure is provided with a turnout vibration damper with adjustable stiffness as described in this application. The stiffness of the turnout vibration damper is adjusted by using stiffness adjustment pads of different sizes at the bottom of the elastic layer. Compared with the existing technology that adjusts the stiffness by adjusting the elastic layer structure, this method greatly reduces the number of elastic layer molds, reduces manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost, and at the same time, enables quick and convenient adjustment of the stiffness of the turnout vibration damper, providing convenience for the uniformity of turnout stiffness in urban railways, intercity railways and high-speed railways.

[0032] Preferably, the lower part of the adjustable stiffness turnout vibration damper is provided with a sleeper, and the steel sleeve is detachably connected to the sleeper;

[0033] Preferably, the lower part of the adjustable stiffness turnout vibration damper is provided with a sleeper, the steel sleeve is provided with a waist-shaped through hole, an anchor bolt passes through the waist-shaped through hole, the anchor bolt is connected to the sleeper, and a buffer adjustment block is provided between the side wall of the waist-shaped through hole and the anchor bolt.

[0034] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. The adjustable stiffness turnout vibration damper of the present invention achieves stiffness adjustment of the turnout vibration damper by using stiffness adjustment pads of different sizes at the bottom of the elastic layer. Compared with the existing technology that adjusts stiffness by adjusting the structure of the elastic layer, this greatly reduces the number of elastic layer molds, reduces manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost, and at the same time, realizes the quick and convenient adjustment of the stiffness of the turnout vibration damper, which provides convenience for the uniformity of turnout stiffness in urban railways, intercity railways and high-speed railways.

[0036] 2. The stiffness setting method for a turnout vibration damper with adjustable stiffness described in this invention, compared with the prior art, can realize on-site installation and adjustment of the damper stiffness, and can be adjusted at any time according to the measured turnout stiffness non-uniformity index, which greatly improves the accuracy of turnout stiffness uniformity.

[0037] 3. This application also discloses a turnout, wherein the bottom of the turnout structure is provided with a turnout vibration damper with adjustable stiffness as described in this application. The stiffness of the turnout vibration damper is adjusted by using stiffness adjustment pads of different sizes at the bottom of the elastic layer. Compared with the existing technology of adjusting the stiffness by adjusting the elastic layer structure, this greatly reduces the number of elastic layer molds, reduces manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost, and at the same time, realizes the quick and convenient adjustment of the stiffness of the turnout vibration damper, which provides convenience for the uniformity of turnout stiffness in urban railways, intercity railways and high-speed railways. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a turnout according to the present invention (K1 type stiffness adjustment pad).

[0039] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a turnout according to the present invention (K2 type stiffness adjustment pad).

[0040] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable stiffness turnout vibration damper of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustable stiffness turnout vibration damper of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the compression turnout vibration damper of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of the compression turnout vibration damper of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the structure of the compression turnout vibration damper of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a top view schematic diagram of the stiffness adjustment device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 9 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the CC cross-section.

[0047] Figure 10 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the BB cross-section.

[0048] Figure 11 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the AA cross section.

[0049] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the top plate of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram (top view) of the elastic layer structure of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram (bottom view) of the elastic layer structure of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the turnout mechanical model of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 16 This is a top view schematic diagram of a turnout according to the present invention.

[0054] Figure 17 This is a top view schematic diagram of the structure of a turnout according to the present invention.

[0055] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram comparing the stiffness curves of the vibration damper for the turnout before and after homogenization according to the present invention (straight rail).

[0056] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram comparing the stiffness curves of the vibration damper for the turnout before and after homogenization according to the present invention (curved track).

[0057] Icons: 10-Turnout structure; 11-Top plate; 111-Threaded through hole; 112-Connecting bolt; 12-Elastic layer; 121-Boss; 13-Steel sleeve; 131-Waist-shaped through hole; 14-Anchor bolt; 15-Cover plate; 16-Buffer adjustment block; 20-Stiffness adjustment device; 21-Frame plate; 22-Stiffness adjustment pad; 23-Placement groove; 31-Basic rail; 32-Rail under rail pad; 33-Iron pad plate; 34-Plate under rubber pad; 35-Foundation; 36-Switch rail. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] like Figures 2-14 As shown in this embodiment, a turnout vibration damper with adjustable stiffness is provided. The turnout vibration damper with adjustable stiffness includes an elastic layer 12, on which at least two spaced steel sleeves 13 are provided. A top plate 11 is also laid on the elastic layer 12, and the top plate 11 is sleeved on the outside of the steel sleeves 13. A stiffness adjustment device 20 is provided at the bottom of the elastic layer 12. The stiffness adjustment device 20 includes a frame plate 21. The steel sleeves 13 are connected to the frame plate 21. A placement groove 23 is provided on the frame plate 21. The placement groove 23 can hold stiffness adjustment pads 22 of different sizes. The stiffness adjustment pads 22 support the elastic layer 12.

[0062] The stiffness-adjustable turnout damper provided by the present application is used to set multiple turnout dampers under the turnout, the elastic layer 12 is provided with at least two spaced steel sleeves 13, the top plate 11 is laid on the elastic layer 12, the top plate 11 is sleeved outside the steel sleeve 13, and the elastic layer 12, the steel sleeve 13 and the top plate 11 form a whole to provide elastic damping effect for the turnout. On the basis, the stiffness adjusting device 20 is arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer 12, the stiffness adjusting device 20 comprises a frame plate 21, the steel sleeve 13 is connected with the frame plate 21, the frame plate 21 is provided with a placing groove 23, different sizes of stiffness adjusting pads 22 can be placed in the placing groove 23, the stiffness adjusting pad 22 supports the elastic layer 12, so that the stiffness of the turnout damper can be adjusted by matching the elastic layer 12 with the stiffness adjusting pad 22 of different sizes. Since multiple turnout dampers are installed under the turnout, the stiffness adjusting pad 22 of the required stiffness is placed in the different turnout dampers to realize that the overall stiffness of different parts of the turnout tends to be consistent, thereby better meeting the demand of uniformizing the stiffness of the turnout. Compared with the prior art which adjusts the stiffness by adjusting the structure of the elastic layer, a large number of elastic layers 12 of different sizes do not need to be arranged, the number of elastic layer 12 molds is greatly reduced, the stiffness adjusting pad 22 does not need to be made by a special mold, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty and manufacturing cost, and meanwhile, the stiffness of the turnout damper is quickly and conveniently adjusted, thereby providing convenience for the uniformization of the stiffness of the turnout of the city railway, the intercity railway and the high-speed railway.

[0063] The stiffness adjusting pad 22 of different sizes has different contact areas with the elastic layer 12, the contact area between the stiffness adjusting pad 22 and the elastic layer 12 is adjusted by replacing the stiffness adjusting pad 22 of different sizes, and the stiffness adjusting pad 22 provides different supporting stiffness to the elastic layer 12.

[0064] The stiffness adjusting pad 22 of different sizes is only different in the width direction, and the width size S1 of all the stiffness adjusting pads 22 is less than or equal to the width size A1 of the placing groove 23.

[0065] The stiffness adjusting pad 22 of different sizes is made of the same material.

[0066] The stiffness adjusting pad 22 is generally made of rubber or polyethylene, for example, high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

[0067] The elastic layer 12 is preferably made of rubber.

[0068] On the basis of the above, further preferably, the elastic layer 12 is provided with at least two spaced steel sleeves 13, and the elastic layer 12 is further provided with a top plate 11, and the top plate 11 is sleeved outside the steel sleeve 13.

[0069] On the basis of the above, further preferably, the steel sleeve 13 is provided with a waist-shaped through hole 131.

[0070] On the basis of the above, further preferably, the elastic layer 12 is provided with a plurality of bosses 121 on the side close to the rigidity adjusting pad plate 22, and the plurality of bosses 121 abut against the rigidity adjusting pad plate 22.

[0071] In particular, the elastic layer 12 is provided with bosses 121 on the side away from the top plate 11. The bosses can be distributed in grid type, strip shape, circular shape and the like.

[0072] The plurality of bosses 121 are arrayed.

[0073] The provision of the bosses 121 can ensure that the rigidity provided by the rigidity adjusting pad plate 22 to the elastic layer 12 has a linear relationship with the width value of the rigidity adjusting pad plate 22, thereby greatly simplifying the design and calculation workload of the rigidity provided by the rigidity adjusting pad plate 22 to the elastic layer 12.

[0074] The steel sleeve 13 and the frame plate 21 are connected through an anchor bolt 14, the steel sleeve 13 is provided with a waist-shaped through hole 131, and the anchor bolt 14 penetrates through the corresponding waist-shaped through hole 131.

[0075] The present application relates to the rigidity-adjustable turnout damper, as shown in Figure 3 and 4 , comprising a rigidity adjusting device 20; as shown in Figure 5 and 6 , further comprising a top plate 11, two steel sleeves 13 and an elastic layer 12, the two steel sleeves 13 are built-in in the top plate 11 and connected as a whole through the elastic layer 12, and the elastic layer 12 is preferably made of rubber. The top plate 11 is provided with a threaded through hole 111 for fixing the turnout iron pad, and the fastening connection with the turnout structure 10 (such as turnout iron pad, turnout track, frog, switch or sliding bed plate) is realized through a connecting bolt 112; the two steel sleeves 13 are provided with a waist-shaped through hole 131 for fixing the anchor bolt 14 and the sleeper, and the waist-shaped through hole 131 has a buffer adjusting block 16 between the side wall and the anchor bolt 14, the buffer adjusting block 16 can be made of polyamide 66, and the anchor bolt 14 further penetrates and abuts against a cover plate 15, and the cover plate 15 abuts against the steel sleeve 13.

[0076] As shown in Figures 8-11As shown, the stiffness adjustment device 20 is installed under the rubber layer of the elastic layer 12. The stiffness adjustment device consists of a frame plate 21 and a stiffness adjustment pad 22, as shown. Figure 8 As shown. The overall stiffness of the turnout vibration damper can be adjusted by adjusting the area of ​​the stiffness adjustment pad 22. The stiffness adjustment pad 22 can be configured with multiple specifications according to stiffness adjustment requirements.

[0077] Vibration reduction principle: The rails on the turnout are installed on the adjustable stiffness turnout vibration damper described in this embodiment via fasteners. The top plate 11, elastic layer 12, and stiffness adjustment device 20 are fixed to the rails. When a train acts on the rails, the rails transmit the force sequentially to the top plate 11 and elastic layer 12 through the fasteners. The elastic layer 12 deforms under the vertical force of the wheel and rail, thereby achieving the purpose of attenuating wheel-rail vibration.

[0078] Stiffness adjustment principle. The elastic layer 12 has protrusions 121 arranged according to a certain pattern. The protrusions 121 can be square, strip-shaped, or circular. A stiffness adjustment device 20 is installed at the lower part of the elastic layer 12. The stiffness adjustment pad 22 has a fully load-bearing type K1 and a partially load-bearing type K2. When the fully load-bearing type pad K1 is used, that is, the width S1 of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 is equal to the width A1 of the placement groove 23, the elastic layer protrusions 121 are fully load-bearing, and the overall stiffness is the full stiffness K of the elastic layer protrusions 121. When the partially stiffness pad K2 is used, that is, the width S1 of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 is less than the width A1 of the placement groove 23, the elastic layer protrusions 121 are partially load-bearing. The unloaded width corresponding to K2 is set as n, and the stiffness value per unit load width is K. 单 The overall stiffness of the turnout vibration damper using the non-fully load-bearing type K2 is Kn*K. 单 Non-full load-bearing pads can be configured in multiple models according to actual needs, and the non-load-bearing width n can be designed in different dimensions as needed.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] like Figures 1-19 As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, a stiffness setting method for a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper as described in Embodiment 1 is provided, wherein the stiffness adjustment pads 22 of different sizes only vary in width.

[0081] The stiffness setting method includes the following steps:

[0082] S1. The relationship between the nodal stiffness k of the turnout vibration damper and the width s of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 was obtained through experimental testing, and the proportional coefficient α was obtained by linear fitting.

[0083] S2. Determine the desired stiffness k of the basic track turnout vibration damper based on the turnout vibration reduction level requirements. fand the expected stiffness k of the basic track turnout damper based on the proportional coefficient a f Corresponding stiffness adjustment pad 22 expected width S f ;

[0084] S3. Establish a turnout mechanical model based on the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper described in embodiment 1, the rail is simulated by a beam model, and the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper is simulated by a spring;

[0085] S4. Calculate the stiffness of each node in the turnout area when the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper is initially set before stiffness homogenization according to the straight driving path and the lateral driving path respectively s , to obtain the node stiffness curve k s (x), wherein x is the coordinate along the straight driving path or the lateral driving path;

[0086] S5. Calculate the width S1(x l ) required for adjustment of the straight driving stiffness adjustment pad 22 and the width S2(x s ) required for adjustment of the lateral driving stiffness adjustment pad 22 based on the node stiffness curve k s (x), the proportional coefficient a, and the expected stiffness k f of the basic track turnout damper of the corresponding type;

[0087] S6. Average the width of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 at the common position in the straight path and lateral path directions based on the width S1(x l ) of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 on the straight driving path and the width S2(x s ) of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 on the lateral driving path, to obtain the average width s0(x) of the corresponding stiffness adjustment pad 22;

[0088] S7. Obtain the final width S z of the corresponding stiffness adjustment pad 22 based on the average width s0(x) of the corresponding stiffness adjustment pad 22 and the expected width S f of the corresponding stiffness adjustment pad 22.

[0089] The stiffness setting method for the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to the present application can realize on-site installation and adjustment of the damper stiffness, and can adjust the width of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 at any time according to the measured turnout stiffness non-uniformity index, thereby greatly improving the turnout stiffness homogenization accuracy.

[0090] Specifically, the proportional coefficient a is specifically:

[0091] k=k0+as

[0092] Wherein, k is the turnout damper node stiffness; s is the stiffness adjustment pad 22 width; k0 is the basic stiffness value.

[0093] Specifically, in step S5, the stiffness adjustment pad 22 width S1(x s ) and S2(x l ) of the straight and lateral paths are calculated based on the node stiffness curve k s (x) and the proportional coefficient α by the first formula, wherein the first formula is specifically:

[0094] s1(x l )=(k s (x l )-k f ) / α

[0095] s2(x s )=(k s (x s )-k f ) / α

[0096] Wherein, k s (x l ) is the node stiffness value corresponding to the coordinate x l position along the straight path; k s (x s ) is the node stiffness value corresponding to the coordinate x s position along the lateral path.

[0097] Specifically, in step S6, the stiffness adjustment pad 22 width of the common position of the straight and lateral paths is averaged according to the second formula, wherein the second formula is specifically: S0(x)=(S1(x l )+S2(x s )) / 2.

[0098] The specific turnout damper stiffness setting method is as follows:

[0099] S1. According to the turnout design scheme, determine the turnout general layout and turnout damper scheme, obtain the relationship between the target type turnout damper node stiffness k and the stiffness adjustment pad 22 width s through test, and perform linear fitting to obtain the proportional coefficient α, that is,

[0100] k=k0+αs (1)

[0101] Wherein, k is the turnout damper node stiffness; s is the stiffness adjustment pad 22 width; k0 is the basic stiffness value.

[0102] For example, as Figure 3As shown, when using a stiffness adjusting shim 22 with a width of S1, the turnout stiffness can be determined to be k1 through testing; when using a stiffness adjusting shim 22 with a width of S2, the turnout stiffness can be determined to be k2 through testing. Substituting into equation (1), the following relationship is obtained:

[0103] ①k1=k0+αS1; ②k2=k0+αS2

[0104] The relationship between the stiffness adjustment pad of each width and the stiffness of the turnout damper can be derived. Similarly, the relationship between each type of turnout damper and its corresponding stiffness adjustment pad width can be derived.

[0105] For example, for a type I turnout vibration damper, when the width of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 is S1 = 400 mm, the turnout vibration damper stiffness k1 = 10 kN / mm; and when the width S2 = 600 mm, the turnout vibration damper stiffness k2 = 12.5 kN / mm. The relationship between the stiffness of the type I turnout vibration damper and the width of the stiffness adjustment pad can be calculated as: k = 5 + 0.0125S, where the foundation stiffness value k0 = 0.5 and the proportionality coefficient α = 0.0125.

[0106] S2. Determine the desired stiffness k of the basic track turnout vibration damper based on the turnout vibration reduction level requirements. f Substituting this into k = 5 + 0.0125S, the desired stiffness k of the basic track turnout vibration damper is obtained based on the proportionality coefficient α. f The corresponding stiffness adjustment pad 22 has a desired width S. f .

[0107] Specifically, assuming the desired stiffness k of the aforementioned Type I turnout f =15kN / mm, then its corresponding expected width S f =(k f -5) / 0.0125 = 800mm. Similarly, the expected width for other types of turnout sleepers can be obtained.

[0108] S3. Establish a turnout mechanical model. The rail is simulated using a beam model, and the adjustable stiffness turnout vibration damper is simulated using a spring.

[0109] S4. Calculate the stiffness k of each node in the turnout area before stiffness homogenization, based on the straight and lateral traffic paths, respectively, when setting up a turnout vibration damper with adjustable stiffness. s The nodal stiffness curve k is obtained. s (x), where x is the coordinate along the straight or lateral driving path.

[0110] S5. Calculate the required adjustment width s1(x) of the straight-line stiffness adjusting pad 22 according to the following formula. l The required adjustment width s2(x) of the lateral travel stiffness adjustment pad 22 and the lateral travel stiffness adjustment pad 22s ),

[0111] s(x)=(k s (x)-k f ) / α; Specifically:

[0112] The required adjustment width s1(x) of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 on the straight driving path l )=(k s (x l )-k f ) / α;

[0113] The required adjustment width s2(x) of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 on the lateral travel path s )=(k s (x s )-k f ) / α;

[0114] S6. The average width of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 at the shared location in the straight path and lateral path directions is obtained by averaging the widths of the corresponding stiffness adjustment pad 22 using the following formula: s0(x)=(s1(x)=(s0 ... l )+s2(x s When )) / 2 is a positive number, the desired width S of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 needs to be adjusted. f Reduce this value based on the existing value; conversely, increase it based on the desired width S of the stiffness adjustment pad 22. f This value is added to the base value to represent the final width S of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 at the corresponding position. z .

[0115] The following are examples:

[0116] Figure 16 This is a diagram of a right-hand turnout track layout. The area within the box contains the turnout vibration damper, while the remaining areas contain individual track vibration dampers. The design stiffness of the individual track vibration dampers is the desired stiffness, requiring no adjustment. The problem this patent aims to solve is to make the stiffness of the turnout vibration dampers within the box area more uniform.

[0117] Figure 17 As shown, taking sleeper No. 18 as an example: the turnout damper on the left track of sleeper No. 18 (upper position in the figure) includes both straight and curved main rails. Theoretical calculations show that the stiffness of the straight main rail before homogenization is 18 kN / mm, and the stiffness of the curved main rail is 17 kN / mm; therefore, the required adjustment width s1(x) of the stiffness adjustment pad 22 on the straight travel path can be calculated respectively. l ) = (Stiffness of straight main rail - Desired stiffness of aligned turnout) / α = (k s (x l )-k f) / a = (18-15) / 0.0125 = 240mm, the width s2(x) of the stiffness adjusting pad 22 required to be adjusted on the lateral running path s ) = (the stiffness of the curved main track - the expected stiffness of the alignment type turnout) / a = (k s (x s )-k f ) / a = (17-15) / 0.0125 = 160mm, so s0(x) = (240+160) / 2 = 200mm, which is a positive number, i.e. the final width S of the stiffness adjusting pad 22 at this position z = the maximum width - this value = S max -s0(x) = 800-200 = 600mm. Similarly, the adjustment width of the stiffness adjusting pad at other positions can be deduced, such as the position near the intersection of the curved main track and the straight inner track, the curved main track, and the straight main track.

[0118] The comparison of the vibration absorber stiffness curves of the turnouts before and after homogenization can be obtained by the above steps, as shown in Figures 18-19 .

[0119] The mechanical model of the turnout is shown in Figure 15 , wherein 31 is a main track, 32 is a rubber pad under the track, 33 is an iron pad, 34 is a rubber pad under the plate (simulating the stiffness-adjustable turnout vibration absorber), 35 is a foundation, i.e. a sleeper, and 36 is a point rail.

[0120] The stiffness setting method for the stiffness-adjustable turnout vibration absorber described in Embodiment 1 is achieved by the stiffness adjusting pad 22 to adjust the stiffness of the turnout vibration absorber. Compared with the prior art, the stiffness of the vibration absorber can be adjusted on site, and the adjustment can be made at any time according to the measured turnout stiffness unevenness index, greatly improving the homogenization accuracy of the turnout stiffness.

[0121] Embodiment 3

[0122] As shown in Figure 1 and 2 , the turnout described in the embodiment comprises a turnout structure 10, wherein the bottom of the turnout structure 10 is provided with the stiffness-adjustable turnout vibration absorber described in Embodiment 1, and the turnout structure 10 is connected with the top plate 11.

[0123] On the basis described above, in a further preferred mode, the stiffness-adjustable turnout vibration absorber is provided with a sleeper at the lower part, and the steel sleeve 13 is detachably connected with the sleeper.

[0124] On the basis of the above, further preferably, the lower part of the rigidity-adjustable turnout damper is provided with a sleeper, the steel sleeve 13 is provided with a waist-shaped through hole 131, an anchoring bolt 14 is penetrated in the waist-shaped through hole 131, the anchoring bolt 14 is connected with the sleeper, and the waist-shaped through hole 131 has a buffer adjusting block 16 between the side wall and the anchoring bolt 14.

[0125] The application discloses a turnout, and the bottom of the turnout structure 10 is provided with the rigidity-adjustable turnout damper as described in the embodiment 1. The rigidity adjustment of the turnout damper is realized by matching the rigidity adjustment pad 22 of different sizes with the lower part of the elastic layer 12. Compared with the prior art, the number of elastic layer molds is greatly reduced, the manufacturing difficulty and cost are reduced, the rigidity of the turnout damper is quickly and conveniently adjusted, and the rigidity homogenization of the turnout of the city district railway, the intercity railway and the high-speed railway is facilitated.

[0126] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application and should not be used to limit the application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A stiffness setting method for a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper, characterized by, The turnout damper comprises an elastic layer (12), at least two steel sleeves (13) are arranged on the elastic layer (12) at intervals, a top plate (11) is laid on the elastic layer (12), the top plate (11) is sleeved outside the steel sleeve (13), a stiffness adjusting device (20) is arranged at the bottom of the elastic layer (12), the stiffness adjusting device (20) comprises a frame plate (21), the steel sleeve (13) is connected with the frame plate (21), a placing groove (23) is arranged on the frame plate (21), different sizes of stiffness adjusting pads (22) can be placed in the placing groove (23), and the stiffness adjusting pads (22) support the elastic layer (12); The stiffness setting method comprises the following steps: S1. Obtain the nodal stiffness of the turnout vibration damper through experimental testing. k Width of stiffness adjustment pad (22) s The relationship is determined, and a linear fit is performed to obtain the scaling factor. α ; S2. Determine the desired stiffness of the basic track turnout damper according to the turnout damping level requirement k f , and based on the proportional coefficient α Obtain the desired stiffness of the basic track turnout damper k f Corresponding stiffness adjusting pad plate (22) expected width S f ; S3. A turnout mechanical model is established based on the turnout damper, a rail is simulated by using a beam model, and the turnout damper is simulated by using a spring; S4. Calculate the stiffness of each node in the turnout area before stiffness homogenization according to the direct driving path and the lateral driving path respectively k s , get the node stiffness curve k s ( x ), where x is the coordinate along the direct driving path or the lateral driving path; S5. Based on the node stiffness curve k s ( x ), the proportional coefficient α and the expected stiffness of the basic track turnout damper of the corresponding model k f Calculate the width of the adjustment required for the straight running stiffness adjustment pad (22) S 1( x l ) and the width of the adjustment required for the lateral running stiffness adjustment pad (22) S 2( x s ) S6. Average the width of the stiffness adjustment pads (22) at the common location in the direct and lateral path directions to obtain an average width corresponding to the stiffness adjustment pad (22) S 1 x l ) and the width of the stiffness adjustment pad (22) in the lateral path direction S 2 x s ) Average the width of the stiffness adjustment pads (22) at the common location in the direct and lateral path directions to obtain an average width corresponding to the stiffness adjustment pad (22) s 0 x ) S7. Adjusting the average width of the pad (22) based on the corresponding stiffness s 0( x ) and the desired width of the pad (22) corresponding to the stiffness adjustment S f S7. Adjusting the average width of the pad (22) based on the corresponding stiffness z .

2. The method for setting the stiffness of a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to claim 1, wherein The stiffness adjusting pads (22) of different sizes are different in contact area with the elastic layer (12).

3. A method for setting the stiffness of a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to claim 2, characterized in that The stiffness adjusting pads (22) of different sizes are different only in width direction size, and the width size S1 of all the stiffness adjusting pads (22) is less than or equal to the width size A1 of the placing groove (23).

4. The method for setting the stiffness of a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to claim 3, wherein A plurality of bosses (121) are arranged on one side of the elastic layer (12) close to the stiffness adjusting pad (22), and the plurality of bosses (121) abut against the stiffness adjusting pad (22).

5. The method for setting the stiffness of a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to claim 1, wherein The specific proportion coefficient α is: k=k 0 +αs ； wherein k K is the turnout damper node stiffness; s K is the stiffness adjustment pad (22) width; k 0 is the base stiffness value.

6. The method for setting the stiffness of a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to claim 1, wherein In step S5, the node stiffness curve is determined based on the stiffness of the basic track turnout k s ( x ), the proportional coefficient α and the expected stiffness of the basic track turnout of the corresponding type k f , and the width of the straight driving stiffness adjusting pad plate (22) is calculated by a first formula S 1( x l ) and the width of the lateral driving stiffness adjusting pad plate (22) is calculated by a second formula S 2( x s ), wherein the first formula is specifically: wherein k s (0) is a coordinate along the straight driving path x l corresponding to the position of the node; x l corresponding to the position of the node; k s (0) is a coordinate along the straight driving path x s corresponding to the position of the node; x s corresponding to the position of the node.

7. The method for setting the stiffness of a stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to claim 1, wherein In step S6, the rigidity adjustment pad (22) width of the straight path and the lateral path direction common position is averaged according to a second formula, wherein the second formula is specifically: S 0( x ) = ( S 1( x l ) + ( S 2( x s ) ) / 2.

8. A turnout, characterized in that Based on the stiffness setting method for the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper according to any one of claims 1-7, a turnout structure (10) is further arranged, the bottom of the turnout structure (10) is provided with the stiffness-adjustable turnout damper, and the turnout structure (10) is connected with the top plate (11).

9. A turnout according to claim 8, characterized in that A sleeper is arranged below the turnout damper, and the steel sleeve (13) is detachably connected with the sleeper.

10. A turnout according to claim 8, characterized in that A sleeper is arranged below the turnout damper, a waist-shaped through hole (131) is arranged on the steel sleeve (13), an anchoring bolt (14) penetrates through the waist-shaped through hole (131), the anchoring bolt (14) is connected with the sleeper, and a buffer adjusting block (16) is arranged between the side wall of the waist-shaped through hole (131) and the anchoring bolt (14).

Images