Impeller locking method, mechanism and wind turbine

Abstract

The present invention discloses an impeller locking method, mechanism and wind turbine generator, which relates to the technical field of wind power generation, including a nacelle and an impeller capable of relative rotation, wherein the impeller includes an impeller hub, rotating blades and a rotor, wherein the rotor is rotatably connected in the nacelle, and further includes a friction groove and a friction locking mechanism; the friction groove is constructed in the nacelle; the friction locking mechanism is located in the friction groove and is limitedly connected to the rotor, and in the movement stroke of the friction locking mechanism, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the inner wall of the friction groove increases in a step-by-step manner, so that the friction locking mechanism locks the relative position of the rotor and the friction groove. The present invention provides an impeller locking mechanism, in which when an emergency situation occurs and the impeller needs to be locked, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the friction groove increases in a step-by-step manner, thereby reducing the speed of the rotor rotating in the nacelle until the impeller stops rotating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to an impeller locking method, mechanism and a wind power generator. Background Art

[0002] The impeller is the basic component of a wind turbine, which can rotate under the action of wind to generate power. The position of the impeller needs to be locked when the wind turbine is under maintenance or encounters strong winds. The impeller lock should also be released in time after the operation is completed to ensure that the equipment can operate normally.

[0003] For example, the authorized patent with the authorization announcement number CN219119375U and the authorization announcement date June 2, 2023, and the name of the authorized patent is "An impeller locking mechanism for a wind turbine generator set and a wind turbine generator set". The wind turbine generator set includes: a main shaft, a bearing seat and a gearbox, and the impeller locking mechanism includes: a first locking part, a second locking part and a locking piece. This patent can significantly reduce the load borne by the impeller locking mechanism, thereby greatly improving the service life of the impeller locking mechanism.

[0004] In the prior art, structures such as limit pins and limit holes are generally used to lock the impeller, which requires the impeller to be used at a low speed. Otherwise, the impeller will be suddenly locked, which will cause certain impact and damage to the fan. The limit pins and limit holes need to be slowly aligned to complete the locking. Obviously, this locking mechanism is not suitable for locking a running fan to deal with emergencies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an impeller locking method, mechanism and wind turbine generator to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An impeller locking mechanism comprises a nacelle and an impeller capable of relatively rotating, wherein the impeller comprises an impeller hub, rotating blades and a rotor, one end of the rotor being rotatably connected in the nacelle, and further comprising:

[0008] a friction groove configured in the nacelle;

[0009] A friction locking mechanism is located in the friction groove and is limitedly connected to the rotor. During the movement stroke of the friction locking mechanism, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the inner wall of the friction groove increases in a step-by-step manner, so that the friction locking mechanism locks the relative position of the rotor and the friction groove.

[0010] The above-mentioned impeller locking mechanism, the friction locking mechanism includes a movable groove constructed in the rotor, a friction block is slidably connected in the movable groove, and multiple groups of extrusion pieces are arranged in the movable groove, and the extrusion pieces are used to apply pressure to the friction block.

[0011] In the above-mentioned impeller locking mechanism, the plurality of groups of extrusion members operate in sequence so that the pressure on the friction block increases in a step-by-step manner.

[0012] In the above-mentioned impeller locking mechanism, a guide groove is constructed in the rotor along its radial direction, a guide rod is slidably connected in the guide groove, and the guide rod is fixed to the friction block.

[0013] In the above-mentioned impeller locking mechanism, a first spring is arranged between the friction block and the rotor, and the first spring is used to force the friction block to approach the rotor.

[0014] The above-mentioned impeller locking mechanism, the extrusion member includes an extrusion spring and an extrusion block, the extrusion block is slidably connected in the movable groove, the extrusion spring is used to force the extrusion block to approach the friction block, and also includes a reset mechanism, which is used to make the multiple extrusion blocks be on the side of the sliding groove away from the friction block.

[0015] In the above-mentioned impeller locking mechanism, the inner wall of the slide groove is configured with a first friction portion, the outer wall of the extrusion block is configured with a second friction portion, and the friction coefficients of the plurality of groups of the second friction portions are increased step by step.

[0016] In the above-mentioned impeller locking mechanism, the reset mechanism comprises a baffle, which is slidably connected in the movable groove along the radial direction of the rotor, and a baffle is constructed on one side of the plurality of extrusion blocks close to the baffle.

[0017] An impeller locking method, based on any of the impeller locking mechanisms described above, comprises a locking step, in which the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the nacelle is increased in a stepwise manner.

[0018] A wind turbine generator comprises any one of the above impeller locking mechanisms.

[0019] In the above technical scheme, the present invention provides an impeller locking mechanism, which can drive the friction braking mechanism to rotate synchronously in the friction groove when the impeller rotates normally. When the impeller needs to be locked in an emergency, the friction locking mechanism is started. It has a certain movement stroke after starting. During its operation, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the friction groove increases in a step-by-step manner, thereby reducing the speed of rotation of the rotor in the cabin, so that the rotation speed of the rotor approaches zero. After the impeller stops rotating, the friction locking mechanism continues to operate to lock the relative position of the impeller and the cabin. Such a setting can gradually limit the running impeller, and finally lock the impeller to deal with emergencies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the structure of the rotor and the nacelle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 2 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an extrusion block provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an impeller hub provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pitch gear provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a switching mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a driving member and an extension portion provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of reference numerals:

[0031] 1. Cabin; 2. Impeller hub; 3. Rotating blades; 4. Driving gear; 5. Pitch gear; 6. Movable block; 7. Transmission gear; 8. Connecting part; 9. Arc groove; 10. Driving member; 11. Paddle rack; 12. Extension part; 13. First spring; 14. Connecting member; 15. Return spring; 16. Extrusion spring; 17. Extrusion block; 18. Baffle; 19. Block; 20. Rotor; 21. Friction block; 22. Friction groove; 23. Guide rod; 24. Raised block; 25. Trigger rod; 26. Fourth spring; 27. First friction part; 28. Second friction part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Reference Figure 1-9 An embodiment of the present invention provides an impeller locking mechanism, comprising a nacelle 1 and an impeller capable of relative rotation, wherein the impeller comprises an impeller hub 2, rotating blades 3 and a rotor 20, one end of the rotor 20 is rotatably connected in the nacelle 1, and further comprises a friction groove 22 and a friction locking mechanism; the friction groove 22 is constructed in the nacelle 1; the friction locking mechanism is located in the friction groove 22 and is limit-connected to the rotor 20, and during the movement stroke of the friction locking mechanism, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the inner wall of the friction groove 22 increases in a step-by-step manner, so that the friction locking mechanism locks the relative position of the rotor 20 and the friction groove 22.

[0034] Specifically, a wind turbine generally includes a base, a tower, a nacelle 1 and an impeller. The impeller generally consists of an impeller hub 2, three rotating blades 3 and a rotor 20. The rotor 20 is fixed on the impeller hub 2 and extends into the nacelle 1. The rotor 20 is rotatably connected to the nacelle 1 through a bearing and is matched with the stator in the nacelle 1. The impeller is rotatably connected to one side of the nacelle 1. When the wind drives the impeller to rotate as a whole, the power generation device between the impeller and the nacelle 1 can generate electricity; when encountering a fault or strong wind weather, the wind turbine needs emergency braking, and at this time, the running impeller needs to be locked; the innovation of the embodiment of the present invention is that an additional limit-connected friction locking mechanism is connected to the rotor 20, and the friction locking mechanism can replace the impeller locking mechanism in the prior art, and can also be used synchronously as an auxiliary impeller locking mechanism. When the impeller rotates normally, it can drive the friction locking mechanism to rotate synchronously in the friction groove 22. In the event of an emergency such as a fault or strong wind, the friction locking mechanism can be locked. When the impeller is locked, the friction locking mechanism is started, which has a certain movement stroke after starting. During this movement stroke, the friction between the friction locking mechanism and the friction groove 22 increases in a step-by-step manner (the friction locking mechanism can be a combination of multiple pressure components. Since the friction force is related to the dynamic friction coefficient and pressure, the multiple pressure components can have a step-by-step increase in pressure or a step-by-step increase in dynamic friction coefficient. In this way, the multiple pressure components can be started in sequence to increase the friction between the friction locking mechanism and the inner wall of the friction groove 22 in a step-by-step manner). With this arrangement, when the impeller is locked, the friction between the impeller and the cabin 1 is gradually increased through the friction locking mechanism, so that the impeller is gradually decelerated until the impeller stops rotating. The friction locking mechanism continues to operate to lock the relative position of the impeller and the cabin 1 (the impeller and the cabin 1 are limited by friction to complete the locking). In this way, the running impeller can be decelerated and locked to deal with emergencies.

[0035] The present invention provides an impeller locking mechanism, which can drive the friction braking mechanism to rotate synchronously in the friction groove 22 when the impeller rotates normally. When the impeller needs to be locked in an emergency, the friction locking mechanism is started. It has a certain movement stroke after starting. During its operation, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the friction groove 22 increases in a step-by-step manner, thereby reducing the rotation speed of the rotor 20 in the cabin 1, so that the rotation speed of the rotor 20 approaches zero, until the impeller stops rotating. The friction locking mechanism continues to operate to lock the relative position of the impeller and the cabin 1. Such a setting can gradually limit the running impeller, and finally achieve the locking of the impeller to deal with emergency situations.

[0036] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, further, the friction locking mechanism includes a movable groove constructed in the rotor 20, the movable groove is slidably connected with a friction block 21, and multiple groups of extrusion members are arranged in the movable groove, and the extrusion members are used to apply pressure to the friction block 21, and the multiple groups of extrusion members are operated in sequence so that the pressure on the friction block 21 increases in a step-by-step manner. Specifically, the multiple groups of extrusion members are located on the side of the friction block 21 close to the center of the rotor 20; the friction groove 22 is constructed as a circular groove as a whole, and the outer peripheral surface of the friction groove 22 and the outer surface of the friction block 21 are both constructed as rough surfaces; when the rotor 20 is operating normally, the friction block 21 is located in the movable groove, and at this time, the friction block 21 does not contact the inner wall of the friction groove 22, and the impeller can rotate normally on the nacelle 1 through the rotor 20; when an emergency situation occurs and the impeller needs to be braked, the multiple groups of extrusion members are started in sequence (the multiple groups of extrusion members can be multiple groups of hydraulic rods), and when the first group of extrusion members is started, the friction block 21 It is squeezed and slides to a position in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the friction groove 22, so that a certain friction force can be provided by the friction block 21 and the friction groove 22, so that the impeller is initially decelerated; when the subsequent extrusion parts are started in sequence, the extrusion force on the friction block 21 increases, so that the friction block 21 further presses the outer peripheral surface of the movable groove, thereby increasing the friction force between the friction block 21 and the inner wall of the movable groove, and then the impeller is gradually decelerated, and finally the impeller is braked. After the impeller is braked, the friction block 21 continues to squeeze the outer peripheral surface of the movable groove, so that the impeller can be continuously locked.

[0037] Furthermore, a guide groove is constructed in the radial direction of the rotor 20, and a guide rod 23 is slidably connected in the guide groove, and the guide rod 23 is fixed to the friction block 21. A reset spring 15 is arranged between the friction block 21 and the rotor 20, and the reset spring 15 is used to force the friction block 21 to approach the rotor 20. Specifically, the guide groove and the guide rod 23 are both arranged along the radial direction of the rotor 20, so that the friction block 21 can move along the radial direction of the rotor 20 through the guide rod 23 and the guide groove; one end of the reset spring 15 is fixed to the inner wall of the movable groove, and the other end is fixed to the friction block 21. The friction block 21 can be pulled into the movable groove by the reset spring 15. When the extrusion piece is running, the friction block 21 is squeezed and moves along the guide groove to the side away from the rotor 20, so that the friction block 21 fits with the inner wall of the friction groove 22. In this process, the reset spring 15 is stretched until the extrusion piece is reset, and the friction block 21 will also be in The return spring 15 is reset to the movable groove under the action of the return spring 15; when the fan is operating normally, strong wind force may cause the impeller to rotate too fast, and the impeller rotating too fast will cause the rotor 20 and the friction block 21 to rotate too fast, which will generate a certain centrifugal force, causing the friction block 21 to move to the side away from the rotor 20 and stretch the return spring 15 until the impeller rotation speed exceeds a certain range, the friction block 21 stretches the return spring 15 and moves to a position that fits the outer peripheral surface of the friction groove 22, thereby increasing the friction force when the impeller rotates around the nacelle 1, slowing down the impeller rotation speed as much as possible, and avoiding overload operation of the fan as much as possible.

[0038] Preferably, the extrusion member includes an extrusion spring 16 and an extrusion block 17, wherein the extrusion block 17 is slidably connected in the movable groove, and the extrusion spring 16 is used to force the extrusion block 17 to approach the friction block 21, and also includes a reset mechanism, which is used to make the multiple extrusion blocks 17 be on the side of the sliding groove away from the friction block 21. Specifically, a plurality of slide grooves are constructed along the radial direction of the rotor 20 in the movable groove, and the extrusion block 17 is slidably connected in the corresponding slide groove. An extrusion spring 16 is arranged in the slide groove, and one end of the extrusion spring 16 is fixed on the inner wall of the slide groove (that is, the inner wall of the movable groove), and the other end is fixed on the extrusion block 17. The extrusion spring 16 can force the extrusion block 17 to approach the friction block 21 and squeeze the friction block 21 (the elastic force of the extrusion spring 16 is greater than the elastic force of the reset spring 15), so that the friction block 21 fits with the inner wall of the friction groove 22; when the impeller and the rotor 20 are operating normally, the reset mechanism can move the plurality of extrusion blocks 17 along the slide groove to the side away from the friction block 21 (the reset mechanism can be a combination of an electromagnet and an iron block, such as an electromagnet is arranged in the slide groove, and an iron block is arranged on the extrusion block 17, and the electromagnet is energized to attract the fitting and extrusion block 17 to the side of the slide groove away from the friction block 21). When the impeller is locked, the multiple extrusion blocks 17 do not squeeze the friction block 21, so that the friction block 21 can move into the movable groove under the action of the reset spring 15; when an emergency situation occurs and the impeller needs to be locked, the reset mechanism releases the restrictions on the multiple extrusion blocks 17 in sequence (the multiple electromagnets can release the restrictions on the multiple extrusion blocks 17 in sequence by powering off in sequence), so that the extrusion blocks 17 can squeeze the friction blocks 21 in sequence under the action of the extrusion spring 16, so that the friction blocks 21 are in sequence against the inner wall of the friction groove 22, thereby slowing down the impeller step by step until the impeller stops rotating and is locked; when it is necessary to release the lock of the impeller, the multiple extrusion blocks 17 are reset to the side of the slide groove away from the friction block 21 through the reset mechanism, so that the friction plate is reset under the action of the reset spring 15, thereby eliminating the friction between the friction plate and the inner wall of the friction groove 22, so that the impeller can rotate normally.

[0039] In order to release the restriction on the above-mentioned extrusion block 17 in sequence, the reset mechanism needs to operate in sequence (such as the above-mentioned multiple electromagnets are powered off in sequence). As an alternative or parallel solution to the above-mentioned electromagnet and iron block structure, further, the inner wall of the slide groove is constructed with a first friction part 27, and the outer wall of the extrusion block 17 is constructed with a second friction part 28, and the friction coefficients of multiple groups of the second friction parts 28 increase step by step. Specifically, the inner wall of the slide groove is a smooth surface except the first friction part 27, and the outer wall of the extrusion block 17 is a smooth surface except the second friction part 28; the first friction part 27 and the second friction part 28 are in contact with each other until the extrusion block 17 hits the friction block 21, and the first friction part 27 and the second friction part 28 are no longer in contact; multiple groups of second friction parts 28 can be made of different materials to have different friction coefficients (the rougher the surface of the material, the greater its friction coefficient will generally be), so that the reset mechanism can release the restrictions on all the extrusion blocks 17 at one time, and different extrusion blocks 17 have second friction parts 28 with different friction coefficients (that is, different degrees of roughness). When the reset mechanism simultaneously releases the restrictions on all the extrusion blocks 17, multiple extrusion blocks 17 are simultaneously pushed to the friction block 21 under the action of the extrusion spring 16. When the block 21 moves to one side, the extrusion block 17 with the second friction part 28 with a smaller friction coefficient will first contact the friction block 21 and squeeze the friction block 21 (the second friction part 28 with a large friction coefficient is relatively rough, and it encounters greater resistance when moving along the slide groove. Under the action of the same extrusion spring 16, the relatively rough second friction part 28 slides along the slide groove more slowly), and then the other extrusion blocks 17 will squeeze the friction block 21 in sequence (when the extrusion block 17 squeezes the friction block 21, the first friction part 27 and the second friction part 28 do not contact, and the extrusion block 17 is only subjected to the force of the extrusion spring 16 to squeeze the friction block 21). In this way, the extrusion force on the friction block 21 can be increased step by step, so as to gradually increase the friction between the friction block 21 and the inner wall of the friction groove 22.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the friction coefficient of the second friction part 28 can be increased step by step, or the friction coefficient of the first friction part 27 can be increased step by step, or a combination of the two can enable multiple groups of extrusion blocks 17 to extrude the friction block 21 in succession, and the purpose of gradually increasing the friction between the friction block 21 and the inner wall of the friction groove 22 can be achieved.

[0041] Preferably, the reset mechanism includes a baffle 18, which is slidably connected in the movable groove along the radial direction of the rotor 20, and a plurality of extrusion blocks 17 are each constructed with a baffle 19 on one side close to the baffle 18. When the baffle 18 slides along the movable groove toward the center of the rotor 20 (a linear driving mechanism can be provided in the movable groove to drive the baffle 18 to move along the movable groove, which is not described in detail here), the baffle 18 can simultaneously resist the plurality of baffles 19 and drive the plurality of extrusion blocks 17 to move synchronously toward the side away from the friction block 21. When the baffle 18 is slidably connected along the movable groove toward the side of the friction block 21, the baffle 18 simultaneously releases the restriction on the plurality of extrusion blocks 17, so that the plurality of extrusion blocks 17 can sequentially squeeze the friction block 21 under the dual action of the extrusion spring 16 and the friction surface.

[0042] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, it further includes a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism and a switching mechanism; the first driving mechanism is used to drive the rotating blades 3 to rotate on the impeller hub 2; the second driving mechanism is used to drive the rotating blades 3 to retract; the switching mechanism selectively selects the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism to drive the rotating blades 3.

[0043] Specifically, the wind turbine will monitor data such as wind direction and wind speed during operation to change the angle of the rotating blades 3 according to the situation (adjust the angle of the rotating blades 3 through the variable pitch control mechanism). If the wind force is relatively small, the angle of the rotating blades 3 can be adjusted to increase the windward area of ​​the rotating blades 3, thereby increasing the output power of the wind turbine. The angle of the rotating blades 3 is generally adjusted between 0 and 90 degrees. In the present embodiment, 0 degrees means that the rotating blades 3 are parallel to the axis of the cabin 1. At this time, the rotating blades 3 are basically parallel to the wind direction and the windward area is the smallest. 90 degrees means that the blades are perpendicular to the axis of the wind turbine. At this time, the windward area of ​​the rotating blades 3 is the largest. In the event of a fault or strong wind, in order to improve the safety of the wind turbine, it is generally necessary to brake the impeller and retract the pitch of the wind turbine at the same time. Retracting the pitch means turning the rotating blades 3 to the position of 0 degrees. At this time, the rotating blades 3 are basically parallel to the wind direction and the windward area is the smallest, which can minimize the impact of wind on the impeller.

[0044] There is a certain space inside the impeller hub 2, in which a plurality of first drive mechanisms and second drive mechanisms are arranged (preferably three groups, corresponding to three rotating blades 3, that is, one rotating blade 3 is correspondingly provided with a first drive mechanism and a second drive mechanism, and a switching mechanism is arranged between the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism to selectively select the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism to drive the rotating blade 3). When the fan is operating normally, the first drive mechanism (the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism can both adopt the reduction motor structure in the prior art) can adjust the angle of the rotating blade 3 according to the situation to improve the utilization efficiency of wind energy. When the fan encounters a malfunction or strong wind weather and needs to be urgently retracted, The second driving mechanism is selected through the switching mechanism to drive the rotating blades 3 (the switching mechanism can be a transmission member, which selectively connects with the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism by changing its position), so that the rotating blades 3 are driven to retract through the second driving mechanism, thereby minimizing the response time of the fan (when the reduction motor in the prior art drives the rotating blades 3 to rotate smoothly, if an emergency situation occurs and the blades need to be retracted suddenly, the reduction motor needs a certain response time; if the reduction motor is driving the rotating blades 3 to rotate to a 90-degree position, the reduction motor also needs to change direction to drive the rotating blades 3 to rotate in the opposite direction, which requires a longer response time), thereby increasing the retracting speed of the fan and stopping the fan as soon as possible.

[0045] Further, the first driving mechanism includes a driving gear 4 rotatably connected to the impeller hub 2 and a pitch gear 5 fixed to the rotating blade 3. Specifically, the pitch gear 5 is an internal gear, the diameter of the driving gear 4 is smaller than the diameter of the pitch gear 5, the driving gear 4 is located inside the pitch gear 5, and when the driving gear 4 and the pitch gear 5 are connected in transmission, the driving gear 4 rotates to drive the pitch gear 5 and the rotating blade 3 to rotate on the impeller hub 2 (the power of the driving gear 4 can be a reduction motor arranged in the impeller hub 2, which is a prior art and not shown in the figure), so as to adjust the angle of the rotating blade 3.

[0046] Furthermore, the switching mechanism includes a movable block 6 slidably connected in the impeller hub 2, and the movable block 6 is rotatably connected to a transmission gear 7, that is, the movable block 6 is rotatably connected to a gear shaft of the transmission gear 7, and when the transmission gear 7 is simultaneously engaged with the drive gear 4 and the pitch gear 5, the movable block 6 is in a driving position. Specifically, the transmission gear 7 slides in the impeller hub 2 through the movable block 6 (the sliding connection method is the existing technology and is not described here), and the transmission gear 7 is in the pitch gear 5. When the wind turbine is operating normally, the driving gear 4 and the pitch gear 5 are both meshed with the transmission gear 7. At this time, the driving gear 4 can drive the pitch gear 5 to rotate through the transmission gear 7 when it rotates, thereby adjusting the angle of the rotating blades 3; when the wind turbine needs to urgently retract the blades, the driving movable block 6 is driven to slide in the impeller hub 2 (the power for driving the movable block 6 to slide can be the electric push rod in the existing technology, which is not described here), so that the movable block 6 is disengaged from the driving position. At this time, the transmission gear 7 is no longer meshed with the driving gear 4 and the pitch gear 5 at the same time, so that the pitch gear 5 can be rotated under the drive of the second driving mechanism to directly drive the rotating blades 3 to rotate to the 0 degree position, so that the power source of the pitch mechanism can be switched from the first driving mechanism to the second driving mechanism.

[0047] Preferably, an arc groove 9 is constructed in the impeller hub 2 , and the movable block 6 is slidably connected in the arc groove 9 . Specifically, a connecting portion 8 is constructed in the impeller hub 2, and an arc groove 9 is constructed on the connecting portion 8. The arc groove 9 is a part of a circular groove with the central axis of the pitch gear 5 as the center, that is, when the movable block 6 slides along the arc groove 9, the transmission gear 7 always keeps meshing with the pitch gear 5; the driving gear 4 is located above the arc groove 9, and when the movable block 6 moves to the top of its stroke along the arc groove 9, the movable block 6 is in the driving position, at which time the driving gear 4 and the pitch gear 5 are both meshed with the transmission gear 7; when the movable block 6 moves downward along the arc groove 9, it is disengaged from the driving position, and at this time the transmission gear 7 is only meshed with the pitch gear 5; such an arrangement enables the second driving mechanism to directly drive the pitch gear 5 through the transmission gear 7 after the switching mechanism is operated (the second driving mechanism can be a gear structure arranged in the impeller hub 2, and when the movable block 6 moves along the arc groove 9, the transmission gear 7 can selectively dock with the driving gear 4 and the gear structure to drive the pitch gear 5), so as to facilitate switching of the power source of the pitch mechanism.

[0048] Furthermore, the second driving mechanism includes a driving member 10 slidably connected in the impeller hub 2, and a retracting rack 11 is fixed to the driving member 10. When the transmission gear 7 is engaged with the retracting rack 11 and the variable pitch gear 5, the movable block 6 is in the retracting position. Specifically, a driving groove is constructed along the axial direction of the impeller hub 2, and the driving member 10 is slidably connected in the driving groove (the power source for the driving member 10 to slide along the driving groove can be a hydraulic rod arranged in the driving groove, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail), the driving groove is constructed with openings corresponding to the positions of the three variable pitch gears 5, and the driving member 10 is constructed with matching extensions 12 (such as Figure 8 As shown), the blade retracting rack 11 is fixed or arranged on the extension part 12; when the movable block 6 moves along the arc groove 9 to the bottom end of its stroke, the movable block 6 is in the blade retracting position, and the transmission gear 7 is meshed with the blade retracting rack 11 and the pitch gear 5; with such arrangement, when the wind turbine needs to retract the blades urgently, the movable block 6 is first moved to the blade retracting position, and then the driving member 10 is moved along the driving groove, thereby driving the three extension parts 12 and the three blade retracting racks 11 to move synchronously, and then the three blade retracting racks 11 drive the corresponding transmission gear 7 and the pitch gear 5 to rotate, thereby completing the synchronous retraction of the three rotating blades 3.

[0049] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, further, the switching mechanism also includes a first spring 13 arranged in the arc groove 9, the first spring 13 is used to force the movable block 6 to be in the driving position, and a connecting member 14 is fixed on the driving member 10, and the connecting member 14 is configured with an inclined portion. Specifically, one end of the first spring 13 is fixed on the inner wall of the arc groove 9, and the other end is fixed on the movable block 6. When the movable block 6 moves downward along the arc groove 9, it will squeeze the first spring 13 and make the first spring 13 store elastic potential energy; the connecting member 14 is constructed as a whole along the length direction of the driving member 10 (or the extension portion 12), and its end away from the movable block 6 is fixed on the extension portion 12 of the driving member 10 (that is, the connecting member 14 is fixed on the driving member 10 through the extension portion 12). When the driving member 10 moves along the driving groove, the connecting member 14 is synchronously driven to move. When moving, the connecting member 14 will squeeze the movable block 6 through its inclined portion (a part of the movable block 6 protrudes from the connecting portion 8, so that the inclined portion can squeeze a part of the movable block 6), so that the movable block 6 squeezes the first spring 13 and moves downward along the arc groove 9; the purpose of such a setting is that when the fan needs to retract the blades urgently, the driving member 10 is directly moved along the driving groove, and the driving member 10 can pass through the connecting member at the beginning of the movement. 14 squeezes the arc block to force the movable block 6 to move to the bottom end of its stroke (the bottom end of its stroke is not the bottom end of the arc groove 9), so that the movable block 6 moves from the driving position to the retracted position, that is, at this time the transmission gear 7 is engaged with the retracted rack 11, and then the driving member 10 continues to move to drive the retracted rack 11 to move (when the driving member 10 continues to move, the connecting member 14 moves synchronously to synchronously resist the movable block 6, thereby forcing the movable block 6 to be stably in the retracted position, until the driving member 10 is reset, the connecting member 14 is out of contact with the movable block 6, and the movable block 6 can be reset to the driving position under the elastic force of the first spring 13), and then the transmission gear 7 and the pitch gear 5 are driven to rotate through the retracted rack 11, so as to complete the adjustment of the angle of the rotating blade 3; the advantage is that, by setting the connecting member 14 and the inclined portion, the power source for driving the movable block 6 to slide can be omitted, so that the driving member 10 can passively switch the position of the movable block 6 at the moving position.

[0050] As an alternative or parallel solution to the above-mentioned linear drive mechanism for driving the baffle 18 to move along the movable groove, preferably, the driving groove is constructed along the axial direction of the rotor 20, that is, the driving member 10 is located in the rotor 20 and can move along the axial direction of the rotor 20; a protrusion block 24 is constructed on the driving member 10, and a trigger rod 25 is arranged in the movable groove along the radial direction of the rotor 20, one end of the trigger rod 25 extends to the protrusion block 24 (that is, the movable groove is connected with the driving groove, and the trigger rod 25 is located at the connection between the two), and the other end is fixed to the baffle 18, the protrusion block 24 and the trigger rod 25 are both constructed with a wedge-shaped portion, and a fourth spring 26 is sleeved on the trigger rod 25, one end of the fourth spring 26 is fixed on the trigger rod 25, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the movable groove, and the elastic force of the fourth spring 26 is greater than the elastic force of the multiple extrusion springs 16 and the resistance of the first friction portion 27 and the second friction portion 28 encountered by the multiple groups of extrusion blocks 17 when they are reset. Specifically, the driving member 10 is located in the driving groove inside the rotor 20. When the fan needs to retract the blades urgently, the driving member 10 moves along the driving groove to drive the multiple rotating blades 3 to retract the blades. At the same time, at the beginning of the movement of the driving member 10, the protruding block 24 moves synchronously with the driving member 10 and squeezes the wedge-shaped portion of the trigger rod 25 through the wedge-shaped portion of the protruding block 24, so that the trigger rod 25 moves to the side away from the guide groove and squeezes the fourth spring 26, thereby driving the baffle 18 to release the restriction on the multiple squeezing blocks 17, so that the multiple squeezing blocks 17 can squeeze the friction block 21 in sequence (the baffle 18 and the squeezing block 17 both move radially along the rotor 20). The baffle 18 moves away at a faster speed, while the multiple extrusion blocks 17 move at a slightly slower speed due to the existence of the friction surface, that is, the baffle 18 will not affect the multiple extrusion blocks 17 from sequentially extruding the friction block 21), thereby gradually increasing the friction force between the friction block 21 and the inner wall of the friction groove 22, so as to quickly retract the rotating blades 3 and stop the rotation of the impeller, thereby completing the locking of the impeller; until the driving member 10 is reset, the fourth spring 26 drives the baffle 18 to reset, and the baffle 18 drives the multiple blocks 19 and the extrusion block 17 to reset, so that the reset spring 15 can drive the friction block 21 to reset, and at this time the impeller hub 2 can rotate around the nacelle 1 normally.

[0051] Another embodiment of the present invention further provides an impeller locking method, which is based on any of the above impeller locking mechanisms and includes a locking step, in which the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the nacelle 1 is increased in a step-by-step manner.

[0052] Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a wind turbine, comprising any one of the above-mentioned impeller locking mechanisms.

[0053] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impeller locking mechanism, comprising a nacelle and an impeller capable of relative rotation, wherein the impeller comprises an impeller hub, rotating blades and a rotor, one end of the rotor being rotatably connected in the nacelle, characterized in that: Also includes: a friction groove configured in the nacelle; A friction locking mechanism, which is located in the friction groove and is limitedly connected to the rotor. During the movement stroke of the friction locking mechanism, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the inner wall of the friction groove increases in a step-by-step manner, so that the friction locking mechanism locks the relative position of the rotor and the friction groove; The friction locking mechanism comprises a movable groove constructed in the rotor, a friction block is slidably connected in the movable groove, and a plurality of groups of extrusion members are arranged in the movable groove, and the extrusion members are used to apply pressure to the friction block; The plurality of groups of extrusion members are operated in sequence so that the pressure on the friction block increases in a step-by-step manner; The extrusion member includes an extrusion spring and an extrusion block. A plurality of slide grooves are configured in the movable groove along the radial direction of the rotor. The extrusion block is slidably connected in the corresponding slide grooves. The extrusion spring is used to force the extrusion block to approach the friction block. A reset mechanism is also included, which is used to make the plurality of extrusion blocks be located on the side of the slide groove away from the friction block. The inner wall of the slide groove is configured with a first friction portion, the outer wall of the extrusion block is configured with a second friction portion, and the friction coefficients of the plurality of groups of the second friction portions are increased step by step.

2. An impeller locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide groove is constructed in the rotor along its radial direction, a guide rod is slidably connected in the guide groove, and the guide rod is fixed to the friction block.

3. An impeller locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first spring is arranged between the friction block and the rotor, and the first spring is used for forcing the friction block to approach the rotor.

4. An impeller locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset mechanism comprises a baffle, which is slidably connected in the movable groove along the radial direction of the rotor, and a baffle is constructed on one side of the plurality of extrusion blocks close to the baffle.

5. An impeller locking method, based on the impeller locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a locking step, characterized in that: In the locking step, the friction force between the friction locking mechanism and the nacelle is increased in a step-by-step manner.

6. A wind turbine, characterized in that: It comprises the impeller locking mechanism according to any one of claims 1-4.

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