A method for constructing a calculation model for magnetic energy loss of rare earth giant magnetostrictive materials

Abstract

A method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials includes the following steps: (1) controlling the prestress and ambient temperature to remain constant, obtaining a loss model considering the magnitude of magnetic induction intensity; (2) controlling the magnitude of magnetic induction intensity and ambient temperature to remain constant, obtaining a loss model considering the prestress factor; (3) controlling the magnitude of magnetic induction intensity and prestress to remain constant, obtaining a loss model considering the ambient temperature factor; (4) based on the loss model considering the magnitude of magnetic induction intensity, the loss model considering the prestress factor, and the loss model considering the ambient temperature factor, obtaining a loss model considering the magnitude of magnetic induction intensity, prestress, and ambient temperature factors. This invention can accurately calculate the magnetic energy loss under different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes, prestresses, and ambient temperatures with relatively small errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic energy loss calculation, specifically to a method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth super magnetostrictive materials. Background Technology

[0002] Rare-earth giant magnetostrictive material (Terfenol-D), as a novel functional material, undergoes deformation under magnetic field excitation, exhibiting characteristics such as large magnetostriction, high electromechanical conversion efficiency, and fast response speed. The successful development of giant magnetostrictive materials has injected new vitality into the field of smart materials, and it has been widely applied in various fields such as aerospace, underwater exploration, civilian industry, and production activities, with particular significance for underwater exploration and communication applications.

[0003] Rare-earth giant magnetostrictive materials are widely used in underwater acoustic transducers. Their magnetic energy loss is the main source of temperature rise during transducer operation, directly affecting the output performance of the transducer. In order to design efficient and reasonable heat dissipation for the transducer, it is necessary to accurately calculate the magnetic energy loss of rare-earth giant magnetostrictive materials under different external fields (magnetic induction amplitude, prestress, ambient temperature).

[0004] Currently, most calculations of magnetic energy loss for rare-earth giant magnetostrictive materials are based on the Bertotti loss separation formula. The magnetic energy loss calculation model described in reference 1, "Huang W. Variable coefficient magnetic energy losses calculation model for giant magnetostrictive materials[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2020, 57(2): 1-5", divides the magnetic energy loss of rare-earth giant magnetostrictive materials into two components: hysteresis loss and total eddy current loss. It also establishes loss separation models under different frequencies and magnetic induction amplitudes. The trend of loss coefficient with frequency and magnetic induction amplitude was explored, and the relevant expression of loss coefficient was obtained, but the prestress and ambient temperature factors were ignored. The magnetic energy loss calculation model described in Reference 2 "Huang W. High-frequency characteristic test and loss calculation of TbDyFe alloy undervariable temperature[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2021, 58(2): 1-5" (hereinafter referred to as "the model of Reference 2") The correlation between the hysteresis loss coefficient, total eddy current loss coefficient, frequency, magnetic flux density amplitude, and ambient temperature was considered. Data fitting was performed based on the variation law of the loss coefficient to obtain its relevant expression, but the prestress factor was ignored. When the transducer operates underwater, changes in hydrostatic pressure lead to changes in the prestress on the giant magnetostrictive material. These changes in prestress affect the material's relative permeability, thus altering its magnetic energy loss. The loss calculation results from the above model deviate significantly from actual measurements under different magnetic flux density amplitudes, prestresses, and ambient temperatures. Therefore, the influence of magnetic flux density amplitude, prestress, and ambient temperature on the loss coefficient must be considered simultaneously. Accurate magnetic energy loss calculation is of great guiding significance for the thermal design and optimization of transducers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare earth giant magnetostrictive materials, which can accurately calculate the magnetic energy loss under different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes, prestresses and ambient temperatures with small relative errors.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is a method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) By keeping the prestress and ambient temperature constant, a loss model considering the amplitude of magnetic induction intensity is obtained;

[0008] (2) By keeping the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and ambient temperature constant, a loss model considering prestress factors is obtained;

[0009] (3) By keeping the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and prestress constant, a loss model considering the ambient temperature factor is obtained;

[0010] (4) Based on the loss model considering the magnetic induction intensity amplitude factor, the loss model considering the prestress factor and the loss model considering the ambient temperature factor, a loss model considering the magnetic induction intensity amplitude, prestress and ambient temperature factors is obtained.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (1), the control of prestress and ambient temperature factors to obtain a loss model considering the amplitude of magnetic induction intensity includes the following steps:

[0012] (1-1) Under a given prestress σ and ambient temperature ΔT, the magnetic energy loss p of the rare-earth supermagnetostrictive material is considered as a function of frequency f:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, B m k represents the amplitude of magnetic flux density.h k represents the hysteresis loss coefficient. e k represents the eddy current loss coefficient. a This represents the abnormal loss coefficient, where f represents the frequency;

[0015] (1-2) Take seven sets of magnetic induction intensity amplitudes B mi (i = 1, 2, ..., 7), the magnetic energy loss data at three sets of frequencies are measured under the same magnetic flux density amplitude, and the magnetic flux density amplitude B is calculated. m The three corresponding loss coefficients k h k e k a ;

[0016] (1-3) By analyzing seven groups of different magnetic induction amplitudes B mi k under (i = 1, 2, ..., 7) h k e k a The values ​​are fitted, and additional parameters m0~m4, n0~n4, and l0~l4 related to the amplitude of magnetic induction are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, thus obtaining the loss coefficient k related to the amplitude of magnetic induction. h (B m ), k e (B m ), k a (B m The function expression of ) is:

[0017]

[0018] Wherein, m0~m4 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, n0~n4 are additional parameters related to the eddy current loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, and l0~l4 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (2), the control of the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and ambient temperature remains constant, resulting in a loss model considering prestress factors, including the following steps:

[0020] (2-1) At a given magnetic flux density amplitude B m At ambient temperature ΔT, the magnetic energy loss p of the rare-earth supermagnetostrictive material is considered as a function of frequency f:

[0021]

[0022] (2-2) Take four sets of prestressed σ i(i = 1, 2, 3, 4), loss data at two sets of frequencies were measured under the same prestress, and the two loss coefficients k corresponding to the prestress σ were calculated. h k a ;

[0023] (2-3) By analyzing four sets of prestressed σ i k under (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) h k a The values ​​are fitted, and additional parameters g0, g1, g2 and h0, h1, h2 related to prestress are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, thus obtaining the loss coefficient k related to prestress. h (σ), k a The functional expression of (σ):

[0024]

[0025] Among them, g0, g1 and g2 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the prestress, and h0, h1 and h2 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the prestress.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (3), the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and prestress are kept constant to obtain a loss model considering ambient temperature, including the following steps:

[0027] (3-1) Given the prestress σ and the magnetic induction amplitude B m Below, the magnetic energy loss p of the giant magnetostrictive material is considered as a function of frequency f:

[0028]

[0029] (3-2) Take five sets of ambient temperatures ΔT i (i = 1, 2, ..., 5), loss data at three different frequencies were measured under the same ambient temperature, and the three loss coefficients k corresponding to the ambient temperature ΔT were calculated. h k e k a ;

[0030] (3-3) By analyzing the k under five sets of ambient temperatures ΔT h k e k a The values ​​are fitted, and additional parameters u0, u1 and v0, v1 related to the ambient temperature are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, thus obtaining the loss coefficient k related to the ambient temperature. h (ΔT), k e (ΔT), k a The functional expression of (ΔT):

[0031]

[0032] Among them, u0 and u1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient, v0 and v1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for eddy current loss coefficient, and w0 and w1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient.

[0033] Furthermore, in step (4), the loss model obtained considering the magnetic induction intensity amplitude, prestress, and ambient temperature factors is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Furthermore, in steps (1-2), the seven sets of magnetic induction intensity amplitudes B mi (i = 1, 2, ..., 7) takes values ​​of 0.006T, 0.009T, 0.013T, 0.016T, 0.02T, 0.023T, and 0.026T respectively, and the three sets of frequencies take values ​​of 400Hz, 500Hz, and 600Hz respectively.

[0036] Furthermore, in step (2-2), the four sets of prestressed σ i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) takes values ​​of 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa respectively; the two sets of frequencies take values ​​of 500 Hz and 600 Hz respectively.

[0037] Furthermore, in step (3-2), the five groups of ambient temperatures ΔT i (i = 1, 2, ..., 5) are taken as 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃ and 65℃ respectively; the three sets of frequencies are taken as 400Hz, 500Hz and 600Hz respectively.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] This invention considers the influence of different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes, prestress, and ambient temperature on the loss coefficient. By introducing additional parameters to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, the improved magnetic energy loss calculation model solves the problem that the model in Reference 2 cannot accurately calculate magnetic energy loss under different prestresses. It can accurately calculate magnetic energy loss under different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes, prestresses, and ambient temperatures: the overall average relative error between experimental measurement results and model calculation results under different prestresses is 2.1%, and the maximum relative error is 5.3%; the overall average relative error between experimental measurement values ​​and model calculation values ​​under different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes is 2.61%, and the maximum relative error is 7.3%; the overall average relative error between experimental measurement values ​​and model calculation values ​​under different ambient temperatures is 0.62%, and the maximum relative error is 1.2%. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth super magnetostrictive materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 (a) is Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the correlation between the hysteresis loss coefficient and the amplitude of magnetic induction intensity in the illustrated embodiment.

[0042] Figure 2 (b) is Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the correlation between the eddy current loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude in the illustrated embodiment.

[0043] Figure 2 (c) is Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the correlation between the abnormal loss coefficient and the magnetic induction intensity amplitude in the illustrated embodiment.

[0044] Figure 3 (a) is Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the correlation between the hysteresis loss coefficient and the prestress in the illustrated embodiment.

[0045] Figure 3 (b) is Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the correlation between the abnormal loss coefficient and prestress in the illustrated embodiment.

[0046] Figure 4 (a) Yes, yes Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the correlation between the hysteresis loss coefficient and ambient temperature in the illustrated embodiment.

[0047] Figure 4 (b) Yes, yes Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the correlation between the eddy current loss coefficient and ambient temperature in the illustrated embodiment.

[0048] Figure 4 (c) Yes, yes Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the correlation between the abnormal hysteresis loss coefficient and ambient temperature in the illustrated embodiment.

[0049] Figure 5 (a) is f = 500Hz in this embodiment, B m Comparison of calculation results from the model in Reference 2, the calculation results from the model of this invention, and measurement results under different prestressing conditions (ΔT = 0.026T, ΔT = 30℃, ...

[0050] Figure 5 (b) is f = 500Hz in this embodiment, B m Comparison of calculation results from the model in Reference 2, the model in this invention, and measurement results under different prestressing conditions: ΔT = 0.026T, ΔT = 40℃.

[0051] Figure 5 (c) is a comparison chart of the calculation results of the model in Reference 2, the calculation results of the model in this invention, and the measurement results under different prestressing conditions of f = 500Hz, Bm = 0.026T, ΔT = 50℃ in this embodiment.

[0052] Figure 5 (d) is a comparison chart of the calculation results of the model in Reference 2, the calculation results of the model of this invention, and the measurement results under different prestressing conditions of f = 500Hz, Bm = 0.026T, ΔT = 60℃ in this embodiment.

[0053] Figure 6 (a) is a comparison chart of the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f = 500Hz, ΔT = 30℃, different magnetic induction intensities and different prestresses in this embodiment.

[0054] Figure 6 (b) is a graph showing the relative error between the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f = 500 Hz, ΔT = 30 ℃, different magnetic induction intensities and different prestresses in this embodiment.

[0055] Figure 7 (a) is a comparison chart of the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f=500Hz, o=20MPa, different ambient temperature and different magnetic induction intensity amplitude in this embodiment.

[0056] Figure 7 (b) is a graph showing the relative error between the calculation results and the measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f = 500 Hz, σ = 20 MPa, different ambient temperatures and different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes in this embodiment.

[0057] Figure 8 (a) is a comparison chart of the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f=500Hz, Bm=0.026T, different prestress and different ambient temperature in this embodiment.

[0058] Figure 8 (b) is a graph showing the relative error between the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f=500Hz, Bm=0.026T, different prestress, and different ambient temperatures in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0060] Based on Bertotti's loss separation theory, the magnetic energy loss of rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials is divided into three parts, and their expression is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] in, For hysteresis loss, For eddy current losses, This is abnormal loss; k h k e k a B represents the hysteresis loss coefficient, eddy current loss coefficient, and abnormal loss coefficient, respectively. m Let f be the amplitude of the magnetic induction intensity and f be the frequency. Under conditions of varying magnetic induction intensity amplitude, varying prestress, and varying ambient temperature, the expression for calculating magnetic energy loss is transformed into:

[0063]

[0064] Here, the hysteresis loss coefficient and the abnormal loss coefficient are regarded as the magnetic induction intensity amplitude B. m The prestress σ and ambient temperature ΔT are ternary functions, while the eddy current loss coefficient is considered as the magnetic induction intensity amplitude B. m The loss coefficient is a bivariate function of the ambient temperature ΔT. It is expanded and corrected under varying magnetic flux density amplitude, varying prestress, and varying ambient temperature conditions.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 The following are the steps in the method for constructing the magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials in this embodiment:

[0066] (1) Considering the influence of the magnetic flux density amplitude, and keeping the prestress and ambient temperature constant, a loss model considering the magnetic flux density amplitude factor is obtained. Under a given prestress σ and ambient temperature ΔT, the magnetic energy loss p of the rare-earth supermagnetostrictive material can be regarded as a function of frequency f.

[0067]

[0068] Take seven sets of magnetic induction intensity amplitudes B mi (i = 1, 2, ..., 7), by measuring the magnetic energy loss data at three sets of frequencies under the same magnetic flux density amplitude, the magnetic flux density amplitude B can be calculated. m The corresponding hysteresis loss coefficient k h eddy current loss coefficient k e and abnormal loss coefficient k a In this embodiment, the seven sets of magnetic induction intensity amplitudes B mi (i = 1, 2, ..., 7) are successively assigned values ​​of 0.006T, 0.009T, 0.013T, 0.016T, 0.02T, 0.023T, and 0.026T, with three sets of frequencies of 400Hz, 500Hz, and 600Hz respectively. The amplitudes B of the seven different magnetic induction intensities are then analyzed. mi k under (i = 1, 2, ..., 7)h k e k a By fitting the values, the loss coefficient k related to the magnetic flux density amplitude can be obtained. h (B m ), k e (B m ), k a (B m The function expression of ). For example Figure 2 As shown, the hysteresis loss coefficient k h eddy current loss coefficient k e and abnormal loss coefficient k a With magnetic induction intensity amplitude B m The variation patterns are similar, and the hysteresis loss coefficient k h eddy current loss coefficient k e and abnormal loss coefficient k a goodness of fit R 2 The values ​​are 0.94, 0.95, and 0.92 respectively (a higher goodness-of-fit value indicates a better fit). Therefore, additional parameters m0~m4, n0~n4, and l0~l4, which are related to the amplitude of magnetic induction intensity, are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient. All three loss coefficients are considered as B. m The fourth-order polynomial yields the loss coefficient k related to the magnitude of the magnetic flux density. h (B m ), k e (B m ), k a (B m The function expression of ) is:

[0069]

[0070] Wherein, m0~m4 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, n0~n4 are additional parameters related to the eddy current loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, and l0~l4 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude. The specific parameter values ​​are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] (2) Considering the influence of prestress, and keeping the magnetic induction amplitude and ambient temperature constant, a loss model considering the prestress factor is obtained. At a given magnetic induction amplitude B... m At ambient temperature ΔT, the magnetic energy loss p of rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials can be considered as a function of frequency f:

[0075]

[0076] Since the effect of prestress on the eddy current loss coefficient is ignored, k in the equation e (B m The results obtained in the previous step are directly substituted into the formula. Four sets of prestressed σ are taken. i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4), by measuring the magnetic energy loss data at two sets of frequencies under the same prestress, the hysteresis loss coefficient k corresponding to the prestress σ can be calculated. h and abnormal loss coefficient k a Two loss coefficients k h k a In this embodiment, four sets of prestressed σ i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) are assigned values ​​of 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa, respectively; the two sets of frequencies are assigned values ​​of 500 Hz and 600 Hz, respectively. Through analysis of the four sets of prestressed σ... i k under (i = 1, 2, 3, 4) h k a By fitting the values, the loss coefficient k related to the prestress can be obtained. h (σ), k a The functional expression of (σ). For example Figure 3 As shown, the hysteresis loss coefficient k can be seen intuitively. h and abnormal loss coefficient k a The relationship curve with prestress is a quadratic polynomial, and the hysteresis loss coefficient k h and abnormal loss coefficient k a goodness of fit R 2 Since all values ​​are 0.98, additional parameters g0, g1, g2 and h0, h1, h2 related to prestress are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, thus obtaining the loss coefficient k related to prestress. h (σ), k a The functional expression of (σ):

[0077]

[0078] Among them, g0, g1 and g2 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the prestress, and h0, h1 and h2 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the prestress. The specific parameter values ​​are shown in Table 2.

[0079] Table 2

[0080] parameter Numerical <![CDATA[g0]]> 14.04 <![CDATA[g1]]> -0.74 <![CDATA[g2]]> <![CDATA[4.35×10 -2 ]]> <![CDATA[h0]]> 0.12 <![CDATA[h1]]> <![CDATA[4.2×10 -3 ]]> <![CDATA[h2]]> <![CDATA[-4.88×10 -4 ]]>

[0081] (3) Considering the influence of ambient temperature, and keeping the magnetic induction amplitude and prestress constant, a loss model considering ambient temperature is obtained. Given the prestress σ and magnetic induction amplitude B... m The magnetic energy loss p of rare-earth giant magnetostrictive materials can still be considered as a function of frequency f.

[0082]

[0083] Five sets of ambient temperatures ΔT were taken. i (i = 1, 2, ..., 5), by measuring the magnetic energy loss data at three sets of frequencies under the same ambient temperature, the hysteresis loss coefficient k corresponding to the ambient temperature ΔT can be calculated. h eddy current loss coefficient k e and abnormal loss coefficient k a In this embodiment, five sets of ambient temperatures ΔT i (i = 1, 2, ..., 5) are taken as 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, and 65℃ respectively; the three frequency groups are taken as 400Hz, 500Hz, and 600Hz respectively. The five ambient temperatures ΔT are analyzed. i k under (i = 1, 2, ..., 5) h k e k a By fitting the values, the loss coefficient k related to the ambient temperature can be obtained. h (ΔT), k e (ΔT), k a The functional expression of (ΔT). For example Figure 4 As shown, the hysteresis loss coefficient k can be seen intuitively. h eddy current loss coefficient k e and abnormal loss coefficient k a The loss coefficient exhibits a linear relationship with ambient temperature ΔT (the linear fit is very good, with a goodness-of-fit value close to 1). By introducing additional parameters u0, u1 and v0, v1 related to ambient temperature, the functional expression of the loss coefficient is extended, resulting in the loss coefficient k related to ambient temperature. h (ΔT), k e (ΔT), k a The functional expression of (ΔT):

[0084]

[0085] Among them, u0 and u1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient, v0 and v1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for eddy current loss coefficient, and w0 and w1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient. The specific parameter values ​​are shown in Table 3.

[0086] Table 3

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] (4) Based on the loss model considering the magnetic flux density amplitude, the loss model considering the prestress factor, and the loss model considering the ambient temperature factor, the final magnetic energy loss calculation model considering the magnetic flux density amplitude, prestress, and ambient temperature is obtained:

[0090]

[0091] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 (a) is f = 500Hz in this embodiment, B m Comparison of calculation results from the model in Reference 2, the calculation results from the model of this invention, and measurement results under different prestressing conditions (ΔT = 0.026T, ΔT = 30℃, ... Figure 5 (b) is f = 500Hz in this embodiment, B m Comparison of calculation results from the model in Reference 2, the model in this invention, and measurement results under different prestressing conditions: ΔT = 0.026T, ΔT = 40℃. Figure 5 (c) is a comparison chart of the calculation results of the model in Reference 2, the calculation results of the model in this invention, and the measurement results under different prestressing conditions of f = 500Hz, Bm = 0.026T, ΔT = 50℃ in this embodiment. Figure 5 (d) is a comparison chart of the calculation results of the model in Reference 2, the calculation results of the model of this invention, and the measurement results under different prestress conditions of f = 500Hz, Bm = 0.026T, ΔT = 60℃ in this embodiment. Since the model in Reference 2 does not consider the influence of prestress on the loss coefficient, when the applied prestress of the rare-earth supermagnetostrictive material increases, its model calculation results show a large deviation from the measurement results. However, using the improved loss model of this invention, which considers multiple factors such as magnetic induction intensity amplitude, prestress, and ambient temperature, the calculated results of the magnetic energy loss of the rare-earth supermagnetostrictive material under different prestress conditions are consistent with the measurement results.

[0092] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 (a) is a comparison chart of the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f = 500Hz, ΔT = 30℃, different magnetic induction intensities and different prestresses in this embodiment. Figure 6(b) is a graph showing the relative error between the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under different magnetic induction intensities and prestresses at f = 500 Hz, ΔT = 30 ℃, and different prestresses in this embodiment. The maximum relative error between the experimental measurement results and the model calculation results under different prestresses is 5.3%, and the overall average relative error is 2.1%. The results show that the improved magnetic energy loss calculation model of the present invention considers the influence of prestress on the loss coefficient, realizes the loss calculation of rare earth supermagnetostrictive materials under different prestresses, and maintains a high degree of consistency with the experimental measurement results.

[0093] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 (a) is a comparison chart of the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under the conditions of f=500Hz, σ=20MPa, different ambient temperature and different magnetic induction intensity amplitude in this embodiment. Figure 7 (b) is a graph showing the relative error between the calculation results and measurement results of the model of this invention under the conditions of f = 500 Hz, σ = 20 MPa, different ambient temperatures, and different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes in this embodiment. The maximum relative error is 7.3%, and the overall average relative error is 2.61%. The results show that the improved magnetic energy loss calculation model of this invention considers the influence of the magnetic induction intensity amplitude on the loss coefficient, realizes the loss calculation of rare earth giant magnetostrictive materials under different magnetic induction intensity amplitudes, and maintains a high degree of consistency with the experimental measurement results.

[0094] Reference Figure 8 , Figure 8 (a) is f = 500Hz in this embodiment, B m Comparison of calculation and measurement results of the model of this invention under different prestressing conditions (0.026T, different prestressing, and different ambient temperatures). Figure 8 (b) is f = 500Hz in this embodiment, B m The relative error diagram between the calculation results and measurement results of the model of the present invention under different prestresses and ambient temperatures (T = 0.026T) is shown. The maximum relative error is 1.2%, and the overall average relative error is 0.62%. The results show that the improved magnetic energy loss calculation model of the present invention considers the influence of ambient temperature on the loss coefficient, realizes the loss calculation of rare earth supermagnetostrictive materials under different ambient temperatures, and maintains a high degree of consistency with the experimental measurement results.

[0095] This invention considers the influence of different magnetic induction amplitudes, prestress, and ambient temperatures on the loss coefficient. By introducing additional parameters, the functional expression of the loss coefficient is extended. The improved magnetic energy loss calculation model solves the problem that the model in Reference 2 cannot accurately calculate magnetic energy loss under different prestresses. It can accurately calculate magnetic energy loss under different magnetic induction amplitudes, prestresses, and ambient temperatures: the overall average relative error between experimental measurement results and model calculation results under different prestresses is 2.1%, and the maximum relative error is 5.3%; the overall average relative error between experimental measurement values ​​and model calculation values ​​under different magnetic induction amplitudes is 2.61%, and the maximum relative error is 7.3%; the overall average relative error between experimental measurement values ​​and model calculation values ​​under different ambient temperatures is 0.62%, and the maximum relative error is 1.2%.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention. If such modifications and variations are within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, then such modifications and variations are also within the protection scope of this invention.

[0097] The contents not described in detail in the specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) By keeping the prestress and ambient temperature constant, a loss model considering the amplitude of magnetic induction intensity is obtained; Where p represents the magnetic energy loss of the rare-earth supermagnetic stricture material, and B m k represents the amplitude of magnetic flux density. h k represents the hysteresis loss coefficient. e k represents the eddy current loss coefficient. a This represents the abnormal loss coefficient, where f represents the frequency; Loss coefficient k related to the amplitude of magnetic induction intensity h (B m ), k e (B m ), k a (B m The function expression of ) is: Where m0~m4 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, n0~n4 are additional parameters related to the eddy current loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, and l0~l4 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude. (2) By keeping the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and ambient temperature constant, a loss model considering prestress factors is obtained; Loss coefficient k related to prestress h (σ), k a The functional expression of (σ): Among them, g0, g1 and g2 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the prestress, and h0, h1 and h2 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the prestress. (3) By keeping the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and prestress constant, a loss model considering the ambient temperature factor is obtained; Loss coefficient k related to ambient temperature h (ΔT), k e (ΔT), k a The functional expression of (ΔT): Where u0 and u1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient, v0 and v1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for eddy current loss coefficient, and w0 and w1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient. (4) Based on the loss model considering the magnetic flux density amplitude, the loss model considering the prestress factor, and the loss model considering the ambient temperature factor, a loss model considering the magnetic flux density amplitude, prestress, and ambient temperature factors is obtained:

2. The method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the control of prestress and ambient temperature factors to obtain a loss model considering the amplitude of magnetic induction intensity includes the following steps: (1-1) Under a given prestress σ and ambient temperature ΔT, the magnetic energy loss p of the rare-earth supermagnetostrictive material is considered as a function of frequency f: Among them, B m k represents the amplitude of magnetic flux density. h k represents the hysteresis loss coefficient. e k represents the eddy current loss coefficient. a This represents the abnormal loss coefficient, where f represents the frequency; (1-2) Take seven sets of magnetic induction intensity amplitudes B mi Where i = 1, 2, ..., 7, magnetic energy loss data at three sets of frequencies are measured under the same magnetic flux density amplitude, and the magnetic flux density amplitude B is calculated. m The three corresponding loss coefficients k h k e k a ; (1-3) By analyzing seven groups of different magnetic induction amplitudes B mi k below h k e k a The values ​​are fitted, where i = 1, 2, ..., 7. Additional parameters m0~m4, n0~n4, and l0~l4, related to the amplitude of the magnetic induction, are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, resulting in the loss coefficient k related to the amplitude of the magnetic induction. h (B m ), k e (B m ), k a (B m The function expression of ) is: Wherein, m0~m4 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, n0~n4 are additional parameters related to the eddy current loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude, and l0~l4 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the magnetic flux density amplitude.

3. The method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step (2), the control of the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and ambient temperature remains constant, resulting in a loss model considering prestress factors, including the following steps: (2-1) At a given magnetic flux density amplitude B m At ambient temperature ΔT, the magnetic energy loss p of the rare-earth supermagnetostrictive material is considered as a function of frequency f: (2-2) Take four sets of prestressed σ i Where i = 1, 2, 3, 4, loss data at two sets of frequencies are measured under the same prestress, and the two loss coefficients k corresponding to the prestress σ are calculated. h k a ; (2-3) By analyzing four sets of prestressed σ i k below h k a The values ​​are fitted, where i = 1, 2, 3, 4. Additional parameters g0, g1, g2 and h0, h1, h2 related to prestress are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, resulting in the loss coefficient k related to prestress. h (σ), k a The functional expression of (σ): Among them, g0, g1 and g2 are additional parameters related to the hysteresis loss coefficient and the prestress, and h0, h1 and h2 are additional parameters related to the abnormal loss coefficient and the prestress.

4. The method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials as described in claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the magnetic induction intensity amplitude and prestress are kept constant to obtain a loss model that considers ambient temperature, including the following steps: (3-1) Given the prestress σ and the magnetic induction amplitude B m Below, the magnetic energy loss p of the giant magnetostrictive material is considered as a function of frequency f: (3-2) Take five sets of ambient temperatures ΔT i Where i = 1, 2, ..., 5, loss data at three frequencies are measured under the same ambient temperature, and the three loss coefficients k corresponding to the ambient temperature ΔT are calculated. h k e k a ; (3-3) By analyzing the k under five groups of ambient temperatures ΔT h k e k a The values ​​are fitted, and additional parameters u0, u1 and v0, v1 related to the ambient temperature are introduced to extend the functional expression of the loss coefficient, thus obtaining the loss coefficient k related to the ambient temperature. h (ΔT), k e (ΔT), k a The functional expression of (ΔT): Among them, u0 and u1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient, v0 and v1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for eddy current loss coefficient, and w0 and w1 are additional parameters related to ambient temperature for hysteresis loss coefficient.

5. The method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In steps (1-2), the seven sets of magnetic induction intensity amplitudes B mi , where i = 1, 2, ..., 7, and takes values ​​of 0.006T, 0.009T, 0.013T, 0.016T, 0.02T, 0.023T, and 0.026T respectively, with three frequency groups taking values ​​of 400Hz, 500Hz, and 600Hz respectively.

6. The method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials as described in claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2-2), four sets of prestressed σ i , where i = 1, 2, 3, 4, with values ​​of 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa, and 20 MPa respectively; and the two sets of frequencies with values ​​of 500 Hz and 600 Hz respectively.

7. The method for constructing a magnetic energy loss calculation model for rare-earth supermagnetostrictive materials as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3-2), the five groups of ambient temperatures ΔT i , where i = 1, 2, ..., 5, and the values ​​are 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, 60℃, and 65℃ respectively; the three frequencies are 400Hz, 500Hz, and 600Hz respectively.

Images