A seed metering device and method applicable to various plant seeds

Abstract

This invention discloses a seed metering device and method applicable to various plant seeds, relating to the technical field of seed metering devices. It includes: a fixed plate, a seed filling tray assembly, the seed filling tray assembly comprising a seed filling turntable, a ring plate, and a rotating shaft; the ring plate is fixed to the top surface of the fixed plate and has multiple seed dropping notches on its inner circumference; the seed filling turntable is fitted into the ring hole of the ring plate and has multiple seed filling notches on its outer circumference; multiple seed metering holes are opened on the top surface of the fixed plate; one end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the seed filling turntable, and the other end is a driving end; a seed box, the seed box comprising a box body and a seed cleaning cover; the bottom end of the box body is open and installed on the top surface of the fixed plate, its inner cavity corresponding to the seed filling notches and seed dropping notches; multiple seed cleaning covers correspond one-to-one with multiple seed dropping notches and are all fixed to the box body, sealing the seed dropping notches and the corresponding seed filling notches; one side wall of the seed cleaning cover has a seed passage notch, and the seed cleaning cover is equipped with a seed cleaning brush. This invention can avoid seed jamming on the seed filling turntable and can precisely control the number of seeding rows and plant spacing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seed metering devices, and in particular to a seed metering device and method applicable to a variety of plant seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Seeders are one of the core agricultural production machines, and their seed metering devices and methods are crucial for successful sowing. Mechanical seed metering devices come in many types, including grooved wheel type (divided into inner grooved wheel and outer grooved wheel), shaped hole type (horizontal disc, vertical disc, eyelet wheel, shaped hole belt), and centrifugal type. Current seed metering devices are prone to seed jamming during filling, either on the filling disc or the seeding tray, and they also cannot precisely control the number of rows and plant spacing.

[0003] Therefore, how to propose a horizontal mechanical planting device and method suitable for planting various plants, which can avoid the seed filling turntable getting stuck and can precisely control the number of planting rows and plant spacing, is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a seed metering device and method applicable to various plant seeds, aiming to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The seed metering device and method proposed in this invention, applicable to various plant seeds, can avoid seed jamming on the seed filling turntable, and has the advantages of precise control over the number of seeding rows and plant spacing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, which is installed on the frame of a seeder for seed metering; comprising:

[0007] A fixing plate, which is fixed to the frame;

[0008] A seed filling tray assembly includes a seed filling turntable, a ring plate, and a rotating shaft. The bottom surface of the ring plate is fixed to the top surface of a fixed plate. Multiple seed-dropping notches are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner periphery of the ring plate. The seed filling turntable is parallel to the ring plate and movably fitted into the ring hole of the ring plate. Multiple seed-dropping notches are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the seed filling turntable. The seed-dropping notches, the inner periphery of the ring plate corresponding to the notches, and the top surface of the fixed plate together enclose and define a seed filling trough. Multiple seed-discharging holes corresponding to the seed-dropping notches are provided on the top surface of the fixed plate, which can communicate with the seed-discharging pipe of a seeder. One end of the rotating shaft is perpendicularly fixed to the seed filling turntable, and the other end of the rotating shaft is a rotation drive end.

[0009] A seed box, comprising a box body and multiple seed cleaning covers; the bottom of the box body is open and its open end is mounted on the top surface of the fixed plate corresponding to the outer periphery of the seed filling turntable, and its inner cavity corresponds to the seed filling notch and the seed dropping notch above it; the multiple seed cleaning covers are arranged one-to-one with the multiple seed dropping notches and are all fixed to the inner wall of the box body, and cover the seed dropping notch and the seed filling notch corresponding to the seed dropping notch; a seed passing notch is opened at the bottom of one side wall adjacent to the inner wall of the box body of the seed cleaning cover, and a seed cleaning brush is provided on the seed cleaning cover to block the seed passing notch.

[0010] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the seed metering device disclosed in this invention is suitable for various plant seeds. In use, a fixed plate is horizontally installed on the seeder frame for seed metering. The seed box cavity is used to hold the seeds, and the bottom of the seed box is open so that its cavity communicates with the seed filling gap. The seeds in the cavity can fall into the seed filling trough formed by the seed filling gap, the inner circumferential wall of the ring plate, and the top surface of the fixed plate. The seed dropping gap is covered by a seed cleaning cover, preventing the seeds in the cavity from falling directly into the seed dropping gap. The rotating shaft can be driven by an external rotation drive mechanism to rotate the seed filling turntable. The rotating seed filling turntable can move the seeds falling into the seed filling trough. The seeds moving in the seed filling trough can enter the seed cleaning cover through the seed passing notch. When the seeds outside the seed filling trough move to the seed cleaning cover, they can be blocked by the seed cleaning brush and therefore cannot enter the seed cleaning cover. When the seeds carried into the seed cleaning cover by the seed filling trough move to the corresponding seed dropping notch position, the bottom and outer ends of the seeds lose support, and the rotating seeds will be subjected to centrifugal force. The seed dropping notch makes the gap around the seeds suddenly larger, and the seeds can naturally fall smoothly into the seed discharging hole and then be discharged through the seed discharging pipe of the seeder. This invention avoids seed jamming on the seed filling turntable. With each rotation of the turntable, all seeds in the filling chambers are discharged once through the seed discharging holes. The number of seeds discharged through each discharging hole can be determined by the number of filling chambers, i.e., the number of seed filling gaps. Precise control of the seed spacing can be achieved by controlling the rotation speed of the seed filling turntable and the travel speed of the seeder. By setting the specific number of seed discharging holes, the number of seed rows can be determined, facilitating multi-row seeding operations and resulting in high sowing efficiency and seed discharging accuracy.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the seed filling tray assembly also includes a top cover, which is located in the inner cavity of the box and fixed at the top center of the seed filling turntable, and is arranged on the inner side of the plurality of seed cleaning covers; the upper part of the top cover has a hemispherical seed guiding structure to distribute the seeds in the upper part of the inner cavity of the box to the bottom periphery during the seed dispensing process to facilitate the seed filling of the seed filling turntable; the lower outer periphery of the top cover is provided with a toothed structure to push the seeds falling from above to the outside during rotation; the periphery of the toothed structure and the corresponding inner wall of the box define an annular seed filling area; the annular seed filling area corresponds to the upper part of the seed filling trough.

[0012] The top cover is located inside the seed box. Its hemispherical seed guiding structure facilitates the flow of seeds in the seed box cavity to the periphery of the hemispherical seed guiding structure under its own gravity, so that the seeds can smoothly enter the seed filling trough on the outer periphery of the seed filling turntable. This can greatly reduce the situation where the seed filling notch of the seed filling turntable cannot effectively capture seeds when the seeder is tilted. The toothed structure on the outer periphery of the lower part of the top cover can also push the seeds outward during rotation, so as to further facilitate the seeds to enter the seed filling trough.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a transmission assembly is also included, which includes a transmission shaft, a transmission shaft mounting base, a first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear.

[0014] The end of the rotating shaft away from the seed filling turntable moves through the fixed plate and extends to the bottom of the fixed plate;

[0015] The drive shaft mounting base is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed plate; the drive shaft is arranged parallel to the fixed plate and located below the rotating shaft, and is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft mounting base; the drive shaft is connected to the ground wheel of the seeder.

[0016] The first set of bevel gears is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft away from the seed filling turntable; the second set of bevel gears is fixed to the transmission shaft; the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed and connected for transmission.

[0017] The seeder's ground wheel drives the drive shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft and the seed filling turntable to rotate for seed filling and discharging. This creates a definite relationship between the seeder's travel distance and the rotation angle of the seed filling turntable, which facilitates the quantitative calculation and control of plant spacing.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, it also includes multiple seed metering pipe connectors, each of which is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed plate and corresponds one-to-one with the multiple seed metering holes; the inner hole of each seed metering pipe connector is connected to the corresponding seed metering hole; and each seed metering pipe connector can be detachably connected to a limit plug.

[0019] The limiting plug can block the seed metering tube joint to restrict the seeds from falling into the seed metering hole, thereby controlling the number of seeding rows.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the top of the seed box has a seed inlet that connects to the seed box of the seeder; the side wall of the seed cleaning cover opposite to the seed box has an opening one, and the peripheral wall of the seed box has an opening two corresponding to the opening one.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the seed box and the ring plate are both detachably connected to the fixing plate; the seed filling turntable is detachably connected to the rotating shaft; the seed filling turntable and the ring plate have the same thickness, and the top surface of the seed filling turntable is flush with the top surface of the ring plate.

[0022] The seed box and ring plate are detachably connected to the fixed plate, and the seed filling turntable is detachably connected to the rotating shaft. After the seed box is removed, the ring plate and seed filling turntable can also be removed and replaced. Different specifications of ring plates and seed filling turntables can be replaced according to the seeding needs of different plant seeds, which improves the applicability of the seed metering device to a variety of plant seeds.

[0023] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the gap between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling turntable and the inner peripheral wall of the ring plate is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

[0024] A gap of 0.3mm-0.5mm is set between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling turntable and the inner peripheral wall of the ring plate. Under normal circumstances, this will not cause the seeds to get stuck, and it will also facilitate the flexible rotation of the seed filling turntable.

[0025] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the filling notch is an involute notch.

[0026] When the filling gap moves to the corresponding dropping gap, the involute structure of the filling gap is more conducive to the seed falling off the filling gap, thus avoiding seed jamming.

[0027] Another aspect of the present invention provides a seed metering method for a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, including the aforementioned seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, the specific steps of which are:

[0028] Step 1: Design the thickness of the seed filling turntable and ring plate, as well as the size of the seed filling gap, according to the size of the plant seeds; so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single seed filling chamber at a time.

[0029] Step 2: Determine the seed spacing: When the seeder travels a distance L, the seed filling turntable rotates once, and the number of seed filling gaps on the seed filling turntable is N. Then the plant spacing S can be obtained by the following formula: S = L / N;

[0030] Step 3: Based on the specific requirements for the number of seed rows during sowing, the number of seed rows is controlled by inserting a row-limiting plug into the corresponding seed pipe connector to block or removing it to open the corresponding seed hole.

[0031] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, in actual sowing operations, different plant seeds have different sizes and shapes. If a single filling chamber of the seed filling turntable of the seed metering device can hold two seeds, the average plant spacing S can be obtained by the following formula: S'=L / 2N.

[0032] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a seed metering device and seed metering method applicable to various plant seeds, which has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The seed metering device provided by the present invention is suitable for a variety of plant seeds and can effectively avoid seed jamming on the seed filling turntable and can precisely control the plant spacing; the number of seeding rows can also be flexibly adjusted according to seed metering needs.

[0034] 2. The thickness of the filling turntable and ring plate, as well as the number of filling gaps on the filling turntable, of the seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds provided by the present invention can be made into various different specifications for use according to different plant seeds. By replacing the filling turntable and ring plate of different specifications, the seed capacity of the filling trough can be changed to achieve precise seed metering control, thereby further improving the applicability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 An exploded view of the overall structure of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the seed metering pipe connector structure of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the fixing plate structure of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A top view schematic diagram of a seed metering device fixing plate applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This invention Figure 5 Sectional view of AA;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the seed filling tray assembly of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8Exploded view of a seed filling tray assembly for a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 A top view schematic diagram of a seed metering device and seed filling turntable applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0046] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the seed box assembly for a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 12 Exploded view of the seed box structure of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 13 Exploded view of a transmission component for a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the top cover structure of a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 16 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a seed metering device with a limiting plug structure suitable for various plant seeds.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Fixing plate; 11. Mounting hole one; 12. Mounting hole two; 13. Screw hole; 14. Seed discharge hole; 15. Annular groove; 16. Round hole; 17. Retaining ring groove; 18. Shaft hole; 2. Seed filling tray assembly; 21. Seed filling turntable; 211. Seed filling notch; 212. Central round hole; 22. Ring plate; 221. Seed dropping notch; 23. Rotating shaft; 24. Top cover; 241. Hemispherical seed guide structure; 242. Perforated structure; 3. Seed box; 31. Seed cleaning cover; 311. Seed passing notch; 312. Seed cleaning brush; 313. Opening one; 314. Brush holder; 32. Annular base plate; 33. Outer cylinder; 331. Opening two; 34. Bolt; 35. Washer; 36. Cover plate; 361. Seed inlet; 37. Screw; 4. Transmission 41. Drive shaft; 42. Drive shaft mounting base; 421. Spherical roller bearing with set screw; 422. Fixing bolt; 423. Cast vertical base; 424. Bearing housing base plate; 43. Bevel gear one; 44. Bevel gear two; 45. Drive shaft assembly assembly; 451. Flat washer; 452. Cotter pin; 453. Hexagonal slotted thin nut; 454. Short flat key; 455. Sprocket; 456. Long flat key one; 457. Shaft retaining ring one; 46. Rotary shaft assembly assembly; 461. Shaft retaining ring two; 462. Shaft retaining ring three; 463. Hole retaining ring; 464. Long flat key two; 465. Deep groove ball bearing; 5. Seed pipe connector; 51. Limiting plug; 511. Plug; 52. Locating screw. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 16 As shown, this embodiment provides a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, which is installed on the frame of a seeder for seed metering; including:

[0058] Fixing plate 1, fixing plate 1 is fixed to the frame;

[0059] The seed filling tray assembly 2 includes a seed filling turntable 21, an annular plate 22, and a rotating shaft 23. The bottom surface of the annular plate 22 is fixed to the top surface of the fixed plate 1. Multiple seed dropping notches 221 are evenly provided along the circumferential direction on the inner circumferential side of the annular plate 22. The seed filling turntable 21 is parallel to the annular plate 22 and is adapted to be movably fitted in the annular hole of the annular plate 22. Multiple seed filling notches 211 are evenly provided along the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential side of the seed filling turntable 211. The seed filling notches 211, the inner circumferential wall surface of the annular plate 22 corresponding to the seed filling notches 211, and the top surface of the fixed plate 1 together enclose and define the seed filling trough. Multiple seed discharging holes 11 that can communicate with the seed discharging pipe of the seeder are provided on the top surface of the fixed plate 1 corresponding to the seed dropping notches 221. One end of the rotating shaft 23 is fixed perpendicularly to the seed filling turntable 21, and the other end of the rotating shaft 23 is the rotation drive end.

[0060] Seed box 3 includes a box body and multiple seed cleaning covers 31; the bottom of the box body is open and its open end is installed on the top surface of the fixed plate 1 corresponding to the outer periphery of the seed filling turntable 21, and its inner cavity is above the seed filling notch 211 and the seed dropping notch 221; the multiple seed cleaning covers 31 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple seed dropping notches 221 and are all fixed to the inner wall of the box body, and cover the corresponding seed dropping notch 221 and the seed filling notch 211 corresponding to the seed dropping notch 221; a seed passing notch 311 is opened at the bottom of one side wall adjacent to the inner wall of the box body of the seed cleaning cover 31, and a seed cleaning brush 312 is provided on the seed cleaning cover 31 to block the seed passing notch 311.

[0061] This embodiment provides a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds. In use, a fixed plate 1 is horizontally installed on the seeder frame for seed metering. The seed box 3 has an inner cavity for holding seeds, with an open bottom to connect its inner cavity to the seed filling notch 211. Seeds in the inner cavity can fall into the seed filling trough formed by the seed filling notch 211, the inner circumferential wall of the ring plate 22, and the top surface of the fixed plate 1. The seed dropping notch 221 and the seed filling notch 211 rotated to their corresponding positions are both covered by a seed cleaning cover 31, preventing seeds in the inner cavity from directly falling into the seed dropping notch 221. The rotating shaft 23 can be driven by an external rotation drive mechanism to rotate the seed filling turntable 21. The rotating seed filling turntable 21 can move the seeds falling into the seed filling trough. The seeds moving in the seed filling trough can enter the seed cleaning cover 31 through the seed passing notch 311. When the seeds outside the seed filling trough move to the seed cleaning cover 31, they can be cleaned and blocked by the seed cleaning brush 312, so they cannot enter the seed cleaning cover 31. When the seeds carried into the seed cleaning cover 31 by the seed filling trough move to the corresponding seed dropping notch 221, the bottom and outer ends of the seeds lose support, and the rotating seeds will be subjected to centrifugal force. The seed dropping notch 221 makes the gap around the seeds suddenly larger, and the seeds can naturally fall smoothly into the seed discharging hole 11, and then be discharged through the seed discharge pipe of the seeder. This device can prevent seeds from getting stuck on the seed filling turntable. When the seed filling turntable 21 rotates once, all the seeds in the seed filling chambers will be discharged once through the seed discharging holes 11. Therefore, the number of seeds discharged through each seed discharging hole 11 can be determined by the number of seed filling chambers. In other words, the number of seeds discharged through each seed discharging hole 11 is determined by the number of seed filling gaps 211. By controlling the rotation speed of the seed filling turntable 21 and the travel speed of the seeder, precise control of the seed spacing can be achieved. By setting the specific number of seed discharging holes 11, the number of seed rows can be determined, enabling multi-row seeding operations with high sowing efficiency and seed discharging accuracy.

[0062] Specifically, the rotation drive end of the rotating shaft 23 can be connected to the ground wheel drive of the seeder, so that the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 23 is related to the speed of the seeder; the rotation drive end of the rotating shaft 23 can also be connected to the servo motor drive; the servo motor can control the speed through the controller to achieve independent control of the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 23.

[0063] Specifically, the fixing plate 1 is rectangular, and the top surface of the fixing plate 1 has the following mounting holes: 11 for connecting and fixing the seed metering device to the seeder frame; 12 for mounting the drive shaft mounting seat 42 of the transmission assembly 4; 13 for mounting the seed box 3; 14 for aligning and welding the seed metering pipe connector 5; 15 for the space required for the movement of the screw cap of the seed filling tray assembly 2; 16 for mounting the bearing adapted to the rotating shaft 23; 17 for fixing the bearing; 18 for fixing the bottom end of the bearing and for the shaft hole 23 to pass through; the inner diameter of the shaft hole 18 is smaller than the inner diameter of the round hole 16.

[0064] Specifically, the seed-dropping notch 221 is arc-shaped, and its inner diameter is the same as that of the seed-discharging hole 14.

[0065] In some embodiments, the seed filling tray assembly 2 further includes a top cover 24, which is located in the inner cavity of the box and fixed to the top center of the seed filling turntable 21, and is arranged on the inner side of a plurality of seed cleaning covers 31. The upper part of the top cover 24 has a hemispherical seed guiding structure 241 to distribute the seeds in the upper part of the inner cavity of the box to the bottom periphery during the seed filling process, so as to facilitate the seed filling of the seed filling turntable 21. The top of the hemispherical seed guiding structure 241 has a certain gap from the top of the inner cavity of the box. The lower outer periphery of the top cover 24 is provided with a toothed structure 242 to push the seeds falling from above to the outside during rotation. The periphery of the toothed structure 242 and the corresponding inner wall of the box define an annular seed filling area. The annular seed filling area corresponds to the upper part of the seed filling chamber.

[0066] The top cover 24 is located in the inner cavity of the seed box 3. Its hemispherical seed guiding structure 241 can facilitate the flow of seeds in the inner cavity of the seed box 3 to the periphery of the hemispherical seed guiding structure 241 under its own gravity, so that the seeds can smoothly enter the seed filling trough on the outer periphery of the seed filling turntable 21. This can greatly reduce the situation where the seed filling notch 211 of the seed filling turntable 21 cannot effectively capture the seeds when the seeder is tilted. The flower tooth structure 242 on the lower outer periphery of the top cover 24 can also push the seeds outward during rotation, so as to further facilitate the seeds to enter the seed filling trough smoothly.

[0067] Specifically, the top of the drive shaft 41 is a square column structure, and the bottom of the top cover 24 has a square groove that matches the square column structure. The square column structure at the top of the drive shaft 41 passes through the central circular hole 212 in the center of the seed filling turntable 21 and is adapted to be movably inserted into the top cover 24 so that the drive shaft 41 can apply torque to the seed filling turntable 21.

[0068] In some embodiments, the system further includes a transmission assembly 4, which includes a transmission shaft 41, a transmission shaft mounting base 42, a first bevel gear 43, and a second bevel gear 44.

[0069] The end of the rotating shaft 23 away from the seed filling turntable 21 moves through the fixed plate 1 and extends below the fixed plate 1.

[0070] The drive shaft mounting base 42 is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed plate 1; the drive shaft 41 is arranged parallel to the fixed plate 1 and located below the rotating shaft 23, and is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft mounting base 42; the drive shaft 41 is connected to the ground wheel of the seeder.

[0071] The first bevel gear 43 is fixedly mounted on the end of the rotating shaft 23 away from the seed filling turntable 21; the second bevel gear 44 is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 41; the first bevel gear 43 and the second bevel gear 44 are meshed and connected for transmission.

[0072] The ground wheel of the seeder drives the drive shaft 41 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 23 and the seed filling turntable 21 to rotate for filling and discharging seeds. This makes the travel distance of the seeder and the rotation angle of the seed filling turntable 21 have a definite relationship, which is conducive to the quantitative calculation and control of the plant spacing.

[0073] Specifically, the transmission assembly 4 also includes a transmission shaft assembly 45 and a rotating shaft assembly 46.

[0074] The drive shaft assembly 45 includes a flat washer 451, a cotter pin 452, a hexagonal slotted thin nut 453, a short flat key 454, a sprocket 455, a long flat key 456, and a shaft elastic retaining ring 457.

[0075] The drive shaft mounting base 42 includes two set screw spherical roller bearings 421, fixing bolts 422, two cast vertical seats 423, and a bearing seat base plate 424; the set screw spherical roller bearings 421 are installed in the corresponding cast vertical seats 423, and the two set screw spherical roller bearings 421 are sleeved on both ends of the drive shaft 41.

[0076] There are two bearing housing base plates 424, which are spaced apart and abut against the bottom of the fixed plate 1; two cast vertical seats 423 are correspondingly abutted against the bottom of the two bearing housing base plates 424, and the fixing bolts 422 pass through the mounting hole 12 and fasten the bearing housing base plates 424 and the cast vertical seats 423 to the bottom of the fixed plate 1.

[0077] The drive shaft 41 is a stepped shaft. The sprocket 455 is sleeved on one end of the drive shaft 41 and transmits torque through a short flat key 454. A flat washer 451 is installed on the inner side of the sprocket 455, and the outer side of the sprocket 455 is fixed by a hexagonal slotted thin nut 453 and a cotter pin 452.

[0078] The bevel gear 44 is fitted in the middle of the drive shaft 41 and transmits torque through the long flat key 456, and is positioned by the shaft elastic retaining ring 457 fitted on the drive shaft 41.

[0079] The shaft assembly 46 includes a second elastic retaining ring 461, a third elastic retaining ring 462, a second elastic retaining ring 463, a second long flat key 464, and a deep groove ball bearing 465. The drive shaft 41 is a stepped shaft. A first bevel gear 43 is sleeved on the bottom of the drive shaft 41 and transmits torque through the second long flat key 464, and is positioned by the third elastic retaining ring 462. The deep groove ball bearing 465 is installed in the round hole 16 and sleeved on the top of the drive shaft 41. The top end of the deep groove ball bearing 465 is positioned by the second elastic retaining ring 463 installed in the retaining ring groove 17, and its bottom end is positioned by the second elastic retaining ring 461 installed on the drive shaft 41.

[0080] In some embodiments, a plurality of seed metering tube connectors 5 are also included. The plurality of seed metering tube connectors 5 are all fixed to the bottom end of the fixing plate 1 and correspond one-to-one with a plurality of seed metering holes 11. The inner hole of each seed metering tube connector 5 is connected to the corresponding seed metering hole 11. A limit plug 51 can be detachably connected to the inner hole of each seed metering tube connector 5.

[0081] Specifically, the outer diameter of the limiting plug 51 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the seed metering tube connector 5. After the limiting plug 51 is inserted into the inner hole of the seed metering tube connector 5, it can be fixed by the positioning screw 52. The limiting plug 51 can block the seed metering tube connector 5 to restrict the seeds from falling into the seed metering hole 11, thereby realizing the control of the number of seeding rows.

[0082] The top of the limiting plunger 51 has a crescent-shaped plug 511. The plug 511 can be adapted to be inserted into the seed discharge notch 221 so that after the limiting plunger 51 blocks the seed discharge tube connector, the outer peripheral wall of the plug 511 can block the seeds in the filling notch 211 so that the seeds can be discharged as the filling turntable 21 rotates to the next seed discharge hole 11 without limiting.

[0083] After the limiting plug 51 blocks the seed discharge hole 11, in order to prevent the seed cleaning cover 31 from getting stuck and to allow the seeds in the filling gap 211 to pass smoothly through the seed cleaning cover 31, an anti-jamming gap is provided at the bottom end of the side wall of the seed cleaning cover 31 opposite to the seed passage gap 311, corresponding to the position of the side wall around the filling turntable 21. The depth of the anti-jamming gap is less than the radius of the seed, so as to prevent the seeds outside the seed cleaning cover 31 from entering the inside of the seed cleaning cover 31 through the anti-jamming gap.

[0084] It can also be used to observe the operation of the device, and thanks to the outer pipe connecting plate, there will be no overflow. (This is followed by a seemingly unrelated sentence about a seed cover.)

[0085] Furthermore, a small gap is reserved between the seed filling turntable 21 and the outer peripheral wall.

[0086] In some embodiments, the seed box 3 includes a seed cleaning cover 31, an annular base plate 32, a box body, bolts 34, washers 35, and screws 37. The box body includes an outer cylinder 33 and a cover plate 36. The outer cylinder 33 is a circular cylinder. The annular base plate 32 is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the outer cylinder 33, and the inner diameter of the annular base plate 32 is the same as the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 33. The cover plate 36 is fixed to the top end of the outer cylinder 33 with screws 37, and washers 35 are fitted on the screws 37. The top center of the cover plate 36 has a seed inlet 361 that connects to the seed box of the seeder. One side of the seed cleaning cover 31 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 33, which can be fixed by welding. The side wall of the seed cleaning cover 31 that is fixed to the outer cylinder 33 has an opening 313, and the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 33 has an opening 331 corresponding to the opening 313. The seed dispensing situation can be easily observed from the outside of the device through the openings 313 and 331.

[0087] Specifically, the annular base plate 32 is adapted to the annular plate 22, the annular base plate 32 presses against the top of the annular plate 22, and the bolt 34 passes through the annular base plate 32 and the annular plate 22 from top to bottom and is adapted to the screw hole 13 for fixed connection, so as to fix the annular base plate 32, the annular plate 22 and the fixing plate 1.

[0088] Specifically, a seed cleaning cover 31 has a seed passage notch 311 at the bottom of one side wall adjacent to the inner wall of the outer tube 33. A brush holder 314 is welded and fixed above the seed passage notch 311 on the outer wall of the seed cleaning cover 31. The bottom of the brush holder has an L-shaped slot, and the top of the seed cleaning brush 312 has an L-shaped strip that matches the slot. The seed cleaning brush 312 is detachably installed in the L-shaped slot of the brush holder through the L-shaped strip. The lower end of the seed cleaning brush 312 abuts against the upper end of the corresponding seed filling turntable 21 and ring plate 22.

[0089] In some embodiments, the seed box 3 and the ring plate 22 are detachably connected to the fixing plate 1; the seed filling turntable 21 is detachably connected to the rotating shaft 23; the seed filling turntable 21 and the ring plate 22 have the same thickness, and the top surface of the seed filling turntable 21 is flush with the top surface of the ring plate 22.

[0090] The seed box 3 and the ring plate 22 are detachably connected to the fixed plate 1, and the seed filling turntable 21 is detachably connected to the rotating shaft 23. After the seed box 3 is removed, the ring plate 22 and the seed filling turntable 21 can also be removed and replaced. Different specifications of ring plate 22 and seed filling turntable 21 can be replaced according to the seeding needs of different plant seeds, which improves the applicability of the seed metering device to a variety of plant seeds.

[0091] In some embodiments, the gap between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling turntable 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the ring plate 22 is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

[0092] A gap of 0.3mm-0.5mm is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling turntable 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the ring plate 22. Under normal circumstances, this will not cause seed jamming and will facilitate the flexible rotation of the seed filling turntable 21.

[0093] In some embodiments, the filling notch 211 is an involute notch.

[0094] When the seed filling gap 211 moves to the corresponding seed dropping gap 221, the involute structure of the seed filling gap 211 is more conducive to the seed falling off the seed filling gap 211 and avoiding seed jamming.

[0095] This invention also provides a seed metering method for a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, including the aforementioned seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, with the following specific steps:

[0096] Step 1: Design the thickness of the seed filling turntable 21 and the ring plate 22, as well as the size of the seed filling notch 211, according to the size of the plant seeds; so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single seed filling chamber at a time.

[0097] Step 2: Determine the seed spacing: When the seeder travels a distance L, the seed filling turntable 21 rotates once, and the number of seed filling gaps 211 on the seed filling turntable 21 is N. Then the plant spacing S can be obtained by the following formula: S = L / N.

[0098] Step 3: Based on the specific requirements for the number of seed rows during sowing, the number of seed rows is controlled by inserting the row limiting plug 51 into the corresponding seed pipe connector 5 to block or removing it to open the corresponding seed hole 11.

[0099] Specifically, various ring plates 22 and seed filling turntables 21 of different specifications can be designed for use. In step one above, the ring plates 22 and seed filling turntables 21 of appropriate specifications can be disassembled and replaced according to the seeding needs of different plant seeds, so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single seed filling chamber at a time, thereby improving the applicability of the seeding device to a variety of plant seeds.

[0100] In some embodiments, different plant seeds have different sizes and shapes in actual sowing operations. If a single filling chamber of the seed filling turntable 21 of the seed metering device can hold two seeds, the average plant spacing S is obtained by the following formula: S' = L / 2N.

[0101] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0102] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds, installed on the frame of a seeder for seed metering; characterized in that, include: A fixing plate (1) is fixed to the frame; A seed filling tray assembly (2) includes a seed filling turntable (21), an annular plate (22), and a rotating shaft (23). The bottom surface of the annular plate (22) is fixed to the top surface of the fixed plate (1). Multiple seed dropping notches (221) are evenly provided on the inner circumferential side of the annular plate (22). The seed filling turntable (21) is parallel to the annular plate (22) and is adapted to be movably fitted in the annular hole of the annular plate (22). Multiple seed dropping notches (221) are evenly provided on the outer circumferential side of the seed filling turntable (21). A seed filling notch (211) is provided, and the seed filling notch (211), the inner peripheral wall of the ring plate (22) corresponding to the seed filling notch (211) and the top surface of the fixing plate (1) together enclose and define the seed filling trough; the top surface of the fixing plate (1) is provided with a plurality of seed discharging holes (11) that can communicate with the seed discharging pipe of the seeder; one end of the rotating shaft (23) is vertically fixed to the seed filling turntable (21), and the other end of the rotating shaft (23) is a rotation drive end; Seed box (3), the seed box (3) includes a box body and multiple seed cleaning covers (31); the bottom end of the box body is open and its open end is installed on the top surface of the fixed plate (1) corresponding to the outer periphery of the filling turntable (21), and its inner cavity corresponds to the filling notch (211) and the dropping notch (221) above it; multiple seed cleaning covers (31) are arranged one by one corresponding to multiple dropping notches (221) and are all fixed to the inner wall of the box body, and cover the dropping notch (221) and the filling notch (211) corresponding to the dropping notch (221); a seed passing notch (311) is opened at the bottom end of one side wall adjacent to the inner wall of the box body of the seed cleaning cover (31), and a seed cleaning brush (312) is provided on the seed cleaning cover (31) to block the seed passing notch (311).

2. The seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed filling tray assembly (2) also includes a top cover (24), which is located in the inner cavity of the box and fixed at the top center of the seed filling turntable (21), and is arranged on the inner side of the multiple seed cleaning covers (31); the upper part of the top cover (24) has a hemispherical seed guiding structure (241) to distribute the seeds in the upper part of the inner cavity of the box to the bottom periphery during the seed filling process, so as to facilitate the seed filling of the seed filling turntable (21); the lower outer periphery of the top cover (24) is provided with a flower tooth structure (242) to push the seeds falling from above to the outside during the rotation; the periphery of the flower tooth structure (242) and the corresponding inner wall of the box define an annular seed filling area; the annular seed filling area corresponds to the upper part of the seed filling chamber.

3. The seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transmission assembly (4), which includes a transmission shaft (41), a transmission shaft mounting base (42), a first bevel gear (43), and a second bevel gear (44); The end of the rotating shaft (23) away from the seed filling turntable (21) movably passes through the fixed plate (1) and extends to the bottom of the fixed plate (1); The drive shaft mounting base (42) is fixed to the bottom end of the fixed plate (1); the drive shaft (41) is arranged parallel to the fixed plate (1) and located below the rotating shaft (23), and is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft mounting base (42); the drive shaft (41) is connected to the ground wheel of the seeder. The first bevel gear (43) is fitted onto the end of the rotating shaft (23) away from the seed filling turntable (21); the second bevel gear (44) is fitted onto the transmission shaft (41); the first bevel gear (43) and the second bevel gear (44) are meshed and connected for transmission.

4. The seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple seed metering pipe connectors (5), all of which are fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate (1) and correspond one-to-one with multiple seed metering holes (11); the inner hole of each seed metering pipe connector (5) is connected to the corresponding seed metering hole (11); and each seed metering pipe connector (5) can be detachably connected to a limit plug (51).

5. The seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the box has a seed inlet (361) that connects to the seed box of the seeder; the side wall of the seed cleaning cover (31) opposite to the seed box (3) has an opening (313), and the periphery of the seed box (3) has an opening (331) corresponding to the opening (313).

6. The seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box body and the ring plate (22) are detachably connected to the fixing plate (1); the seed filling turntable (21) is detachably connected to the rotating shaft (23); the seed filling turntable (21) and the ring plate (22) have the same thickness, and the top surface of the seed filling turntable (21) is flush with the top surface of the ring plate (22).

7. The seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap between the outer peripheral wall of the seed filling turntable (21) and the inner peripheral wall of the ring plate (22) is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

8. A seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling gap (211) is an involute gap.

9. A seed metering method for a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds, characterized in that, Including a seed metering device suitable for various plant seeds as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Design the thickness of the filling turntable (21) and ring plate (22) and the size of the filling notch (211) according to the size of the plant seeds; so that only one plant seed can be filled in a single filling chamber at a time; Step 2: Determine the seed spacing: When the seeder travels a distance L, the seed filling turntable (21) rotates once, and the number of seed filling gaps (211) on the seed filling turntable (21) is N. Then the plant spacing S is obtained by the following formula: S=L / N; Step 3: According to the specific requirements for the number of seed rows during sowing, the number of seed rows is controlled by inserting the row limiting plug (51) into the corresponding seed pipe connector (5) to block or removing it to open the corresponding seed hole (11).

10. The seed metering method for a seed metering device applicable to various plant seeds according to claim 9, characterized in that, In actual sowing operations, different plant seeds have different sizes and shapes. If a single filling trough of the seed filling turntable (21) of the seed metering device can hold two seeds, the average plant spacing S' can be obtained by the following formula: S' = L / 2N.

Images