Device for preparing lawn substrate from perishable garbage

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of environmental protection and fertilizer production technology, and specifically discloses a device for preparing lawn substrate from perishable garbage, which comprises a drying device; the drying device comprises a heating mechanism, a material turning mechanism and a control mechanism; the heating mechanism comprises a heating chamber, an air inlet pipe, a porous mesh plate, an electric heating wire and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the heating chamber, the porous mesh plate and the electric heating wire are both installed inside the heating chamber, and the electric heating wire is located at the lower side of the porous mesh plate; the material turning mechanism and the control mechanism are both installed inside the heating chamber; the material turning mechanism comprises a plurality of material turning assemblies; each material turning assembly comprises a lifting guide rod, a magnetic lifting ball and a material turning strip; the lifting guide rod is fixedly installed at the upper end of the porous mesh plate and is in a vertical direction; the magnetic lifting ball is slidingly connected to the lifting guide rod; and the material turning strip is dispersively connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball. The present application has the characteristics of short processing flow time and good ecological utilization effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of environmental protection and fertilizer production technology, and in particular to a device for preparing lawn substrate using easily perishable waste as raw material. Background Technology

[0002] The Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Construction Standard, "Urban Domestic Waste Classification Standard," defines perishable waste as easily perishable or organic-containing domestic waste, including kitchen waste generated by residents, food waste from restaurants, and fresh waste from farmers' markets. Perishable waste is categorized into three types: kitchen waste, food scraps, and fresh waste. Kitchen waste refers to rice and flour scraps, vegetables, animal and vegetable oils, and meat bones generated by businesses engaged in catering services and collective meal provision. Food scraps refer to tree branches, flowers, rotten meat, meat scraps and bones, and eggshells generated by residents in their daily lives. Fresh waste refers to vegetable and fruit waste and animal offal from farmers' markets. Biological treatment technologies for perishable waste mainly include different combinations of processes such as anaerobic treatment, aerobic treatment, anaerobic-aerobic co-treatment, anaerobic-incineration co-treatment, and bioconversion.

[0003] As a type of solid waste rich in organic matter and elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the study of how to convert perishable waste into fertilizer and energy has gradually attracted attention. Whether perishable waste can be utilized as a resource after drying and fermentation is a crucial link in solving the end-of-life problem of perishable waste disposal. Solving the problem of where to go about the byproducts of perishable waste treatment and obtaining certain economic benefits is key to promoting the healthy development of perishable waste treatment. Currently, some studies use perishable waste as a raw material for biochar and organic fertilizer for further resource utilization; however, there is little research on the application of perishable waste products in seedling organic matter. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the current process of resource utilization of perishable waste, the present invention provides a device for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material, which has the characteristics of short processing time and good ecological utilization effect.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention: A device for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material, including a drying device; the drying device includes a heating mechanism, a turning mechanism, and a control mechanism; the heating mechanism includes a heating chamber, an air inlet pipe, a perforated mesh plate, an electric heating wire, and an air outlet pipe; the air outlet pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the heating chamber, the perforated mesh plate and the electric heating wire are both installed inside the heating chamber, with the electric heating wire located below the perforated mesh plate; the turning mechanism and the control mechanism are both installed inside the heating chamber. The heating mechanism is used to heat and dry the material under specific temperature conditions; the turning mechanism is used to turn the material, thereby ensuring that the material can be fully and evenly heated, resulting in a better drying effect; the control mechanism is used to support the heating mechanism and the turning mechanism, ensuring their stable and efficient operation; the heating chamber is used to hold the material, hot air is input through the air inlet pipe, and after being heated by the electric heating wire, it is kept at a drying temperature, heating the material at a suitable temperature, and finally the hot air carrying the water vapor after the material's moisture evaporates is discharged through the air outlet pipe. Heating the material through airflow can significantly improve the drying effect.

[0006] Preferably, the material turning mechanism includes multiple material turning components; each component includes a lifting guide rod, a magnetic lifting ball, and material turning strips; the lifting guide rod is fixedly installed on the upper end of the perforated mesh plate and is vertical; the magnetic lifting ball is slidably connected to the lifting guide rod; and the material turning strips are distributed and connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball. The magnetic lifting ball can move up and down under the drive of the control mechanism, and the material turning strips will trigger an unfolding action when rising, thereby fully turning the material and ensuring that the material is fully dried under the action of airflow.

[0007] Preferably, the magnetic lifting ball includes an upper hollow transparent end, a lower magnetic end, and a water-containing color-changing silica gel filler. The upper hollow transparent end and the lower magnetic end are connected vertically to form a complete sphere. Multiple evenly distributed vent holes are provided on the upper hollow transparent end. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler fills the inner side of the upper hollow transparent end, and the particle size of the water-containing color-changing silica gel filler is larger than the pore size of the vent holes. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler is initially moist and evenly distributed on the porous mesh plate. It is heated and dried synchronously with the material and has the ability to change color under different moisture levels, thus characterizing the drying effect of each area. When a local area has poor drying effect, the control structure can independently control the magnetic lifting ball to increase the turning frequency, thereby improving the drying effect of that local area. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler is used to adsorb and collect the turning bundle under normal conditions, ensuring that it can enter the material as a complete sphere when falling.

[0008] Preferably, the material-turning bundle includes a magnetically driven bundle, a magnetically attracted tail end, and multiple inelastic pull ropes. One end of the magnetically driven bundle is fixedly connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting sphere, and the magnetically attracted tail end is fixedly connected to the end of the magnetically driven bundle away from the magnetic lifting sphere. The inelastic pull ropes are distributed between the magnetically driven bundle and the magnetic lifting sphere. Under normal conditions, the lower magnetic end attracts and closes the magnetically attracted tail end. When a magnetic field is applied to the control structure, the upper hollow transparent end unfolds upward and, under the traction of the inelastic pull ropes, unfolds to a suitable position, turning the material during the ascent.

[0009] Preferably, the control mechanism includes a controller, multiple electromagnets, a camera, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a power supply. The electromagnets are respectively installed on the upper side corresponding to the lifting guide rods. The controller is electrically connected to the electromagnets, cameras, temperature and humidity sensors, and power supply. The controller controls the remaining components. The electromagnets correspond to the lifting guide rods; by energizing them, a magnetic field is applied to control the rise of the magnetic lifting ball and the unfolding of the material-turning strips. The cameras can collect image data from the upper hollow transparent end in real time, and the controller's image processing technology is used to determine the drying status of the area. Then, the corresponding cameras are individually controlled to increase the frequency of magnetic field generation. The temperature and humidity sensors can monitor the temperature inside the heating chamber in real time, and then work in conjunction with the electric heating wires to maintain the material at a suitable temperature for drying. The power supply provides power to the above components.

[0010] Preferably, a precision processing device is included; the precision processing device includes a processing chamber, a feed pipe, a hydraulic rod, a distribution plate, a crushing rod, an electric heating wire, and a sieve plate; the feed pipe is installed at the upper end of the processing chamber, the hydraulic rod is installed at the top of the processing chamber, the distribution plate is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic rod, the crushing rod is evenly installed at the lower end of the distribution plate, the electric heating wire is embedded inside the distribution plate, and the sieve plate is installed at the lower end of the processing chamber. After the material enters the processing chamber sieve plate through the feed pipe, the hydraulic rod is activated, causing the crushing rod and sieve plate to crush the material. At the same time, the electric heating wire and sieve plate can heat the material. The material crushed to a suitable size can be directly collected through the sieve plate, realizing the integration of drying, crushing, and sieving. This not only saves a lot of process time, but also improves the drying effect by heating simultaneously during crushing. Furthermore, the crushed material can directly pass through the sieve plate, which can simultaneously reduce the crushing pressure on the crushing rod and sieve plate, as well as the filtration pressure on the sieve plate.

[0011] Preferably, a mixing device is included; the mixing device includes a receiving chamber, a mixing pipe, a vibrating motor, a receiving platform, and a weight detector; the receiving chamber is installed at the lower end of the sieve plate, the mixing pipe is installed on the side wall of the receiving chamber, the vibrating motor is installed at the lower end of the receiving chamber, the receiving platform is installed at the bottom of the receiving chamber, and the weight detector is embedded in the upper surface of the receiving platform. The material filtered through the sieve plate falls directly onto the sieve plate of the receiving platform, and the weight detector can detect the weight of the material in time. Then, a certain amount of other substances are conveyed to the sieve plate through the mixing pipe and mixed with it in proportion. The vibration effect of the vibrating motor and the sieve plate is used to accelerate the mixing. Compared with overall mixing, this not only saves time, but also improves the final mixing effect by mixing a small amount of material in the early stage.

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the material passing through the sieve to the low-quality soil is 1:5 to 15. More preferably, the mass ratio is 1:8 to 12. Even more preferably, the mass ratio is 1:9 to 10.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing lawn substrate using equipment and equipment that prepares lawn substrate from easily degradable waste includes the following steps:

[0014] (S01) Collect perishable waste, remove non-degradable substances from the perishable waste, and weigh it;

[0015] (S02) The perishable waste weighed in step (S01) is fed into a waste crushing equipment and crushed.

[0016] (S03) The perishable waste crushed in step (S02) is sent to a drying equipment for drying. When the weight of the dried material is reduced to the set weight value, the drying is stopped.

[0017] (S04) The material dried in step (S03) is fed back into the waste crushing equipment for crushing.

[0018] (S05) The crushed material from step (S04) is fed into an aerobic fermentation device for aerobic fermentation.

[0019] (S06) Detect the soluble salt concentration EC value and seed germination index GI in the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05). If the soluble salt concentration EC value is in the range of 1mS / cm to 4mS / cm and the seed germination index GI is >50%, then proceed to the next step; otherwise, continue with aerobic fermentation in step (S05).

[0020] (S07) The material that meets the requirements of step (S06) is sent to the finishing equipment for finishing;

[0021] (S08) Take an appropriate amount of low-quality soil and feed the material after fine processing in step (S07) together with the low-quality soil into the mixing equipment for mixing.

[0022] This invention reduces the fermentation time of perishable waste. By introducing a novel drying device, the material can be reduced in weight while maintaining the set weight, thus meeting the appropriate moisture content requirements for subsequent aerobic fermentation. This ensures material consistency and minimizes interference with subsequent fermentation and other processes, indirectly improving the quality of the finished product and shortening the fermentation time. Furthermore, this invention scientifically combines perishable waste, fermentation products, and low-quality soil to achieve ecological utilization of perishable waste, increasing the application scenarios for fermentation products and enhancing their value.

[0023] Preferably, the drying temperature in step (S03) is 55℃~65℃. More preferably, the drying temperature in step (S03) is 57℃~62℃. This results in a good drying effect.

[0024] Preferably, the aerobic fermentation time in step (S05) is 13 to 20 days. More preferably, the aerobic fermentation time in step (S05) is 15 to 18 days. This balances timeliness with better and more complete fermentation.

[0025] Preferably, the formula for calculating the weight value in step (S03) is set as follows:

[0026] Y = (1-A1) / (1-A2)*100%*X;

[0027] Where Y is the set weight value, X is the initial material weight value, A1 is the initial material moisture content, and A2 is the target material moisture content. The value range of A2 is set to be 55% to 60%.

[0028] Preferably, the method for checking the soluble salt concentration EC value is as follows:

[0029] Take a fresh sample of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter the filtrate, and measure the soluble salt concentration (EC value) using a conductivity meter. The method is simple and the test results are good.

[0030] Preferably, the method for checking the seed germination index (GI) is as follows:

[0031] Take a fresh sample of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter it. Take an appropriate amount of filtrate and place it in a petri dish lined with filter paper. Add seeds to the petri dish and place it in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation.

[0032] The seed germination index (GI) is calculated using the formula: GI = (Seed germination rate of extract * Root length) / (Seed germination rate of control group * Root length) × 100%. The method is simple and yields good results.

[0033] Preferably, the pH value of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05) is detected. If the pH value is 7.0–9.0, the subsequent steps are performed; otherwise, aerobic fermentation in step (S05) continues. A pH meter, model MIK-pH162, manufactured by Hangzhou Mico Sensor Technology Co., Ltd., is used.

[0034] Preferably, the organic matter content in the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05) is detected. If the organic matter content is 60%–70%, subsequent steps are performed; otherwise, aerobic fermentation in step (S05) continues. An organic matter content analyzer, model FK-CT04, manufactured by Shandong Fangke Instrument Co., Ltd., is used.

[0035] Preferably, the total nitrogen content in the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05) is detected. If the total nitrogen content is 2.1% to 2.5%, the subsequent steps are performed; otherwise, aerobic fermentation in step (S05) continues. A total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium content analyzer manufactured by Nanbei Instrument Co., Ltd. is used.

[0036] Preferably, the total phosphorus content in the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05) is detected. If the total phosphorus content is 1.2% to 1.5%, the subsequent steps are carried out; otherwise, the aerobic fermentation in step (S05) is continued.

[0037] Preferably, the solid-liquid ratio of the fresh sample to deionized water is 1:8 to 12. More preferably, the solid-liquid ratio of the fresh sample to deionized water is 1:9 to 11. This makes the test results more accurate.

[0038] Preferably, the soaking and shaking time is 1 to 3 hours. More preferably, the soaking and shaking time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours. This allows the fresh sample to dissolve more completely in deionized water while also considering timeliness.

[0039] Preferably, the conductivity meter is a DDS-307A type conductivity meter.

[0040] Preferably, the amount of filtrate used is 3 ml to 10 ml. More preferably, the amount of filtrate used is 4 ml to 8 ml.

[0041] Preferably, the seeds are plump rice seeds.

[0042] Preferably, the amount of seeds added is 5 to 15. More preferably, the amount of seeds added is 8 to 12.

[0043] Preferably, the temperature in the constant temperature incubator is 25°C.

[0044] Preferably, the incubation time in the constant temperature incubator is 48h to 96h. More preferably, the incubation time in the constant temperature incubator is 60h to 84h.

[0045] Preferably, in step (S08), the mixing ratio of the refined material to the low-quality soil is 1:5 to 15. More preferably, in step (S08), the mixing ratio of the refined material to the low-quality soil is 1:8 to 12. Even more preferably, in step (S08), the mixing ratio of the refined material to the low-quality soil is 1:9 to 10.

[0046] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0047] (1) The heating mechanism is used to heat and dry the material under specific temperature conditions; the turning mechanism is used to turn the material over, so as to ensure that the material can be heated fully and evenly, resulting in better drying effect; the control mechanism is used to support the heating mechanism and the turning mechanism, ensuring that they can operate stably and efficiently.

[0048] (2) The heating chamber is used to hold the material. Hot air is introduced through the air inlet pipe and heated by the electric heating wire to maintain the drying temperature. The material is heated at a suitable temperature. Finally, the hot air carries the water vapor after the material moisture evaporates and is discharged through the air outlet pipe. The drying effect of the material can be significantly improved by heating the airflow.

[0049] (3) The fermentation time of perishable waste is reduced and shortened. In particular, the introduction of new drying equipment during drying can fully dry the material while ensuring the set weight, thereby ensuring the consistency of the material and the optimal moisture content of aerobic fermentation. It is less likely to interfere with or affect subsequent fermentation and other process steps, and indirectly improves the quality of the finished product.

[0050] (4) By scientifically combining perishable waste, fermentation products and low-quality soil, the ecological utilization of perishable waste is formed, the application scenarios of perishable waste fermentation products are increased, and the value of perishable waste fermentation products is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drying equipment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material turning assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the material-turning bundle section of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic lifting ball of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the finishing equipment and mixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0056] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 11-Heating chamber; 12-Air inlet pipe; 13-Perforated mesh plate; 14-Electric heating wire; 15-Air outlet pipe; 21-Lifting guide rod; 22-Magnetic lifting ball; 221-Upper hollow transparent end; 222-Lower magnetic end; 223-Water-containing color-changing silica gel filler; 23-Tilting strip; 231-Magnetic strip; 232-Magnetic tail end; 233-Non-elastic pull rope; 31-Controller; 32-Electromagnet; 33-Camera; 34-Temperature and humidity sensor; 35-Power supply; 41-Processing chamber; 42-Feeding pipe; 43-Hydraulic rod; 44-Distribution plate; 45-Crushing rod; 46-Electric heating wire; 47-Sieve plate; 51-Receiving chamber; 52-Mixing pipe; 53-Vibration motor; 54-Receiving platform; 55-Weight detector. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] A method for preparing lawn substrate using equipment and materials derived from perishable waste includes the following steps:

[0061] (S01) Collect perishable waste, remove non-degradable substances from the perishable waste, and weigh it;

[0062] (S02) The perishable waste weighed in step (S01) is fed into the waste crushing equipment and crushed; the waste crushing equipment is a STPSJ-10 toothed roller crusher produced by Beijing Santai Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.

[0063] (S03) The perishable waste crushed in step (S02) is sent to a drying equipment for drying. The drying is stopped when the weight of the dried material is reduced to the set weight value. The drying temperature is 55℃~65℃.

[0064] The formula for calculating the weight value is set as follows:

[0065] Y = (1-A1) / (1-A2)*100%*X;

[0066] Where Y is the set weight value, X is the initial material weight value, A1 is the initial material moisture content, A2 is the target material moisture content, and the value range of A2 is 55% to 60%.

[0067] (S04) The material dried in step (S03) is fed back into the waste crushing equipment for crushing.

[0068] (S05) The crushed material from step (S04) is fed into an aerobic fermentation device for aerobic fermentation. The aerobic fermentation time is 13 to 20 days. The aerobic fermentation device is a YTSH01 model produced by Henan Yiteng Environmental Protection Equipment Co., Ltd.

[0069] (S06) Detect the soluble salt concentration EC value and seed germination index GI in the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05). If the soluble salt concentration EC value is in the range of 1mS / cm to 4mS / cm and the seed germination index GI is >50%, then proceed to the next step; otherwise, continue with aerobic fermentation in step (S05).

[0070] The method for checking the EC value of soluble salt concentration is as follows:

[0071] Take the fresh sample of the substance after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter the filtrate and measure the soluble salt concentration EC value with a conductivity meter. The solid-liquid ratio of the fresh sample to deionized water is 1:8 to 12. The soaking and shaking time is 1 to 3 hours. The conductivity meter is a DDS-307A type conductivity meter.

[0072] The method for checking the seed germination index (GI) is as follows:

[0073] Take a fresh sample of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter it. Take an appropriate amount of filtrate and place it in a petri dish lined with filter paper. Add seeds to the petri dish and place it in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation.

[0074] The seed germination index (GI) was calculated using the formula: GI = (seed germination rate of extract * root length) / (seed germination rate of control group * root length) × 100%. The solid-liquid ratio of the fresh sample to deionized water was 1:8–12. The soaking and shaking time was 1–3 hours. The volume of filtrate used was 3–10 ml. Plump rice seeds were selected. The number of seeds added was 5–15. The temperature in the constant temperature incubator was 25°C. The incubation time in the constant temperature incubator was 48–96 hours.

[0075] After aerobic fermentation in step (S05), the organic matter content, total nitrogen content, and total phosphorus content are tested. If the pH value is 7.0–9.0, the organic matter content is 60%–70%, the total nitrogen content is 2.1%–2.5%, and the total phosphorus content is 1.2%–1.5%, then proceed to the next step; otherwise, continue with aerobic fermentation in step (S05).

[0076] (S07) The material that meets the requirements of step (S06) is sent to the finishing equipment for finishing;

[0077] (S08) Take an appropriate amount of low-quality soil and feed the material after fine processing in step (S07) and the low-quality soil into a mixing device for mixing; wherein the mixing ratio of the finely processed material and the low-quality soil is 1:5 to 15.

[0078] Equipment for preparing lawn substrate from perishable waste, including drying equipment; such as... Figure 1 The drying equipment shown includes a heating mechanism, a turning mechanism, and a control mechanism. The heating mechanism includes a heating chamber 11, an air inlet pipe 12, a perforated mesh plate 13, an electric heating wire 14, and an air outlet pipe 15. The air outlet pipe 15 and the air inlet pipe 12 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the heating chamber 11. The perforated mesh plate 13 and the electric heating wire 14 are both installed inside the heating chamber 11, and the electric heating wire 14 is located below the perforated mesh plate 13. The turning mechanism and the control mechanism are both installed inside the heating chamber 11.

[0079] The material turning mechanism includes multiple material turning components; the material turning components include lifting guide rod 21, etc. Figure 2 The magnetic lifting ball 22 and the material turning strip 23 are shown; the lifting guide rod 21 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the perforated mesh plate 13, and the lifting guide rod 21 is in the vertical direction. The magnetic lifting ball 22 is slidably connected to the lifting guide rod 21, and the material turning strip 23 is distributed and connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball 22.

[0080] The magnetic lifting sphere 22 includes an upper hollow transparent end 221, such as... Figure 4 The lower magnetic end 222 and the water-containing color-changing silica gel filler 223 are shown. The upper hollow transparent end 221 and the lower magnetic end 222 are connected vertically and together form a complete sphere. The upper hollow transparent end 221 has multiple evenly distributed air vents. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler 223 fills the inside of the upper hollow transparent end 221. The particle size of the water-containing color-changing silica gel filler 223 is larger than the pore size of the air vents.

[0081] Material turning strip 23 includes, for example Figure 3 The magnetically driven cable 231, the magnetically attracted tail end 232, and multiple non-elastic pull ropes 233 are shown. One end of the magnetically driven cable 231 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball 22, the magnetically attracted tail end 232 is fixedly connected to the end of the magnetically driven cable 231 away from the magnetic lifting ball 22, and the non-elastic pull ropes 233 are distributed between the magnetically driven cable 231 and the magnetic lifting ball 22.

[0082] The control mechanism includes a controller 31, multiple electromagnets 32, a camera 33, a temperature and humidity sensor 34, and a power supply 35. The electromagnets 32 are installed on the upper side corresponding to the lifting guide rod 21. The controller 31 is electrically connected to the electromagnets 32, the camera 33, the temperature and humidity sensor 34, and the power supply 35.

[0083] Includes precision machining equipment; the precision machining equipment includes a machining chamber 41, a feed pipe 42, a hydraulic rod 43, etc. Figure 5 The diagram shows a material distribution plate 44, a crushing rod 45, an electric heating wire 46, and a screen plate 47. A feed pipe 42 is installed at the upper end of the processing chamber 41, a hydraulic rod 43 is installed at the top of the processing chamber 41, the material distribution plate 44 is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic rod 43, the crushing rod 45 is evenly distributed at the lower end of the material distribution plate 44, the electric heating wire 46 is embedded inside the material distribution plate 44, and the screen plate 47 is installed at the lower end of the processing chamber 41. The mass ratio of the material passing through the screen plate to the low-quality soil is 1:5 to 15.

[0084] It includes a mixing device; the mixing device includes a receiving chamber 51, a mixing pipe 52, a vibrating motor 53, a receiving platform 54, and a weight detector 55; the receiving chamber 51 is installed at the lower end of the sieve plate 47, the mixing pipe 52 is installed on the side wall of the receiving chamber 51, the vibrating motor 53 is installed at the lower end of the receiving chamber 51, the receiving platform 54 is installed at the bottom of the receiving chamber 51, and the weight detector 55 is embedded in the upper surface of the receiving platform 54.

[0085] Equipment for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material includes drying equipment; the drying equipment includes a heating mechanism, a turning mechanism, and a control mechanism. The heating mechanism is used to heat and dry the material under specific temperature conditions, the turning mechanism is used to turn the material to ensure that the material can be fully and evenly heated, resulting in better drying effect, and the control mechanism is used to support the heating mechanism and the turning mechanism to ensure that they can operate stably and efficiently.

[0086] The heating mechanism includes a heating chamber 11, an air inlet pipe 12, a perforated mesh plate 13, an electric heating wire 14, and an air outlet pipe 15. The air outlet pipe 15 and the air inlet pipe 12 are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the heating chamber 11. The perforated mesh plate 13 and the electric heating wire 14 are both installed inside the heating chamber 11, with the electric heating wire 14 located below the perforated mesh plate 13. The material turning mechanism and the control mechanism are both installed inside the heating chamber 11. The heating chamber 11 is used to receive materials. Hot air is input through the air inlet pipe 12 and heated by the electric heating wire 14 to maintain it at 60°C, thus heating the materials at a suitable temperature. Finally, the hot air carries the water vapor from the material's moisture evaporation and is discharged through the air outlet pipe 15. The airflow heating method can significantly improve the drying effect of the materials.

[0087] The material turning mechanism includes multiple material turning components, including a lifting guide rod 21, a magnetic lifting ball 22, and material turning bundles 23. The lifting guide rod 21 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the perforated mesh plate 13 and is vertical. The magnetic lifting ball 22 is slidably connected to the lifting guide rod 21. The material turning bundles 23 are distributed and connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball 22. The magnetic lifting ball 22 can move up and down under the drive of the control mechanism. At the same time, the material turning bundles 23 will trigger an unfolding action when rising, thereby fully turning the material and ensuring that the material is fully dried under the action of airflow.

[0088] The magnetic lifting ball 22 includes an upper hollow transparent end 221, a lower magnetic end 222, and a water-containing color-changing silica gel filler 223. The upper hollow transparent end 221 and the lower magnetic end 222 are connected vertically and together form a complete sphere. The upper hollow transparent end 221 has multiple evenly distributed overflow holes. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler 223 fills the inside of the upper hollow transparent end 221, and its particle size is larger than the pore size of the overflow holes. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler 223 is initially moist and is evenly distributed on the porous mesh plate 13. It will be heated and dried synchronously with the material, and it has the ability to change color under different moisture levels, so as to characterize the drying effect of each area. When the drying effect is poor in a local area, the control structure can independently control the magnetic lifting ball 22 to increase the turning frequency, thereby improving the drying effect of that local area. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler 223 is used to adsorb and collect the turning bundle 23 under normal conditions, ensuring that it can be a complete sphere entering the material when falling.

[0089] The material turning bundle 23 includes a magnetic bundle 231, a magnetic tail end 232, and multiple non-elastic pull ropes 233. One end of the magnetic bundle 231 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball 22, and the magnetic tail end 232 is fixedly connected to the end of the magnetic bundle 231 away from the magnetic lifting ball 22. The non-elastic pull ropes 233 are distributed between the magnetic bundle 231 and the magnetic lifting ball 22. Under normal conditions, the lower magnetic end 222 is attracted to the magnetic tail end 232 and the material is closed. When the control structure applies a magnetic field, the upper hollow transparent end 221 will unfold upward and unfold to a suitable position under the traction of the non-elastic pull ropes 233, and the material is turned over during the rising process.

[0090] The control mechanism includes a controller 31, multiple electromagnets 32, a camera 33, a temperature and humidity sensor 34, and a power supply 35. The electromagnets 32 are installed on the upper side corresponding to the lifting guide rod 21. The controller 31 is electrically connected to the electromagnets 32, camera 33, temperature and humidity sensor 34, and power supply 35. The controller 31 is used to control the other components. The electromagnets 32 correspond to the lifting guide rod 21. By energizing them, a magnetic field is applied to control the rise of the magnetic lifting ball 22 and the unfolding of the turning material bundle 23. The camera 33 can collect image data of the upper hollow transparent end 221 in a timely manner. The image processing technology of the controller 31 is used to determine the drying status of the area. Then, the corresponding camera 33 is individually controlled to increase the frequency of magnetic field generation. The temperature and humidity sensor 34 can monitor the temperature in the heating chamber 11 in real time and then work in conjunction with the electric heating wire 14 to keep the material at a suitable temperature for drying. The power supply 35 is used to supply power to the above components.

[0091] This includes finishing equipment for refining materials. The finishing equipment includes a processing chamber 41, a feed pipe 42, a hydraulic rod 43, a distribution plate 44, a crushing rod 45, an electric heating wire 46, and a screen plate 47. The feed pipe 42 is installed at the upper end of the processing chamber 41, the hydraulic rod 43 is installed at the top of the processing chamber 41, the distribution plate 44 is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic rod 43, the crushing rod 45 is evenly installed at the lower end of the distribution plate 44, the electric heating wire 46 is embedded inside the distribution plate 44, and the screen plate 47 is installed at the lower end of the processing chamber 41. Materials enter the processing chamber through the feed pipe 42. After processing chamber 41, the hydraulic rod 43 is activated, which causes the crushing rod 45 to crush the material. At the same time, the electric heating wire 46 can heat the material. The crushed material can be directly collected through the sieve plate 47, realizing the integration of drying, crushing and sieving. This not only saves a lot of process time, but also improves the drying effect by heating simultaneously during crushing. At the same time, the crushed material can be directly passed through the sieve plate 47, which can simultaneously reduce the crushing pressure of the crushing rod 45 and the filtration pressure of the sieve plate 47.

[0092] The mixing equipment includes a receiving chamber 51, a mixing pipe 52, a vibrating motor 53, a receiving platform 54, and a weight detector 55. The receiving chamber 51 is installed at the lower end of the sieve plate 47, the mixing pipe 52 is installed on the side wall of the receiving chamber 51, the vibrating motor 53 is installed at the lower end of the receiving chamber 51, the receiving platform 54 is installed at the bottom of the receiving chamber 51, and the weight detector 55 is embedded in the upper surface of the receiving platform 54. The material filtered through the sieve plate 47 falls directly onto the receiving platform 54, and the weight detector 55 can detect the weight of the material in time. Then, a certain amount of other substances are transported through the mixing pipe 52 in proportion to mix with it. The vibration effect of the vibrating motor 53 is used to accelerate the mixing. Compared with the overall mixing, it not only saves a certain amount of time, but also the small amount of mixing in the early stage can improve the final mixing effect.

[0093] Example 1:

[0094] A method for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material includes the following steps:

[0095] (S01) Collect perishable waste, remove non-degradable substances from the perishable waste, and weigh it;

[0096] (S02) The perishable waste weighed in step (S01) is fed into a waste crushing equipment and crushed.

[0097] (S03) The perishable waste crushed in step (S02) is sent to the drying equipment for drying. The drying is stopped when the weight of the dried material is reduced to the set weight value. The drying temperature is 60℃.

[0098] The formula for calculating the weight value is set as follows:

[0099] Y = (1-A1) / (1-A2)*100%*X;

[0100] Where Y is the set weight value, X is the initial material weight value, A1 is the initial material moisture content, A2 is the target material moisture content, and the value range of A2 is 55% to 60%.

[0101] (S04) The material dried in step (S03) is fed back into the waste crushing equipment for crushing.

[0102] (S05) The crushed material from step (S04) is fed into an aerobic fermentation device for aerobic fermentation; the aerobic fermentation time is 13 to 20 days.

[0103] (S06) Detect the soluble salt concentration EC value and seed germination index GI in the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05). If the soluble salt concentration EC value is in the range of 1mS / cm to 4mS / cm and the seed germination index GI is >50%, then proceed to the next step; otherwise, continue with aerobic fermentation in step (S05).

[0104] After aerobic fermentation in step (S05), the organic matter content, total nitrogen content, and total phosphorus content are tested. If the pH value is 7.0–9.0, the organic matter content is 60%–70%, the total nitrogen content is 2.1%–2.5%, and the total phosphorus content is 1.2%–1.5%, then proceed to the next step; otherwise, continue with aerobic fermentation in step (S05).

[0105] The method for checking the EC value of soluble salt concentration is as follows:

[0106] Take the fresh sample of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter the filtrate, and measure the soluble salt concentration EC value using a DDS-307A conductivity meter; the solid-liquid ratio of the fresh sample to deionized water is 1:10; the soaking and shaking time is 2 hours; the conductivity meter...

[0107] The method for checking the seed germination index (GI) is as follows:

[0108] Take a fresh sample of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter it. Take an appropriate amount of filtrate and place it in a petri dish lined with filter paper. Add seeds to the petri dish and place it in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation.

[0109] The seed germination index (GI) was calculated using the formula: GI = (seed germination rate of extract * root length) / (seed germination rate of control group * root length) × 100%. The solid-liquid ratio of the fresh sample to deionized water was 1:10. The soaking and shaking time was 2 hours. The volume of filtrate used was 5 ml. Plump rice seeds were selected. Ten seeds were added. The temperature in the constant temperature incubator was 25℃. The incubation time in the constant temperature incubator was 72 hours.

[0110] (S07) The material that meets the requirements of step (S06) is sent to the finishing equipment for finishing;

[0111] (S08) Take an appropriate amount of low-quality soil, and mix the material after fine processing in step (S07) with the low-quality soil in a ratio of 1:9 in a mixing device.

[0112] After collecting rural perishable waste, non-degradable materials are sorted out, weighed, and then transported into an intelligent organic waste treatment equipment (YHZH-B1000) for mechanical crushing. After that, the waste enters a drying equipment for preliminary drying at a temperature of about 60°C. The preliminary drying is stopped once the weight of the dried material has decreased to the set weight.

[0113] The weight calculation method is set as follows: Y = (1-A1) / (1-A2) * 100% * X

[0114] Where Y is the set weight value, X is the initial material weight value, A1 is the initial material moisture content, and A2 is the target material moisture content. The value range of A2 is set to be 55% to 60%.

[0115] Table 1: Status of Perishable Waste

[0116] Material type Average carbon-nitrogen ratio Initial average moisture content (A1, %) Set the fermentation moisture content (A2). Vegetable waste 21 86 55 Tangerine 19 84.5 55

[0117] Generally, the effectiveness of aerobic fermentation of perishable waste depends primarily on its moisture content and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. Therefore, the initial weight after initial drying needs to be calculated according to the values ​​shown in Table 1.

[0118] After preliminary drying, the basic characteristics of the perishable waste samples are shown in Table 2:

[0119] Table 2: Basic Information of Perishable Waste Samples After Preliminary Drying

[0120] Sample number pH Organic matter content (%) N(g / kg) P(g / kg) K(g / kg) Electrical conductivity (mS / m) 1 5.28 91.82 38.90 6.84 24.10 13.44 2 4.90 97.29 41.17 2.96 19.36 11.30

[0121] After this initial drying process, secondary aerobic fermentation can be carried out without the need to add other auxiliary materials.

[0122] Aerobic fermentation:

[0123] The dried material is crushed by a waste pulverizer and then transported to an aerobic fermentation unit for approximately 15 days of aerobic fermentation. This unit utilizes aerobic microorganisms under fully oxygenated conditions to further decompose the initially dried material. The pH of the material after aerobic fermentation is significantly increased, as shown in Table 3.

[0124] Table 3: Basic Information of Perishable Waste Samples After Aerobic Fermentation

[0125] Sample number pH Organic matter content (%) N(g / kg) P(g / kg) K(g / kg) Electrical conductivity (mS / m) 1 8.16 60.20 22.09 12.00 17.58 10.01 2 9.02 67.41 25.53 14.92 13.94 9.1

[0126] Evaluation of aerobic fermentation materials:

[0127] First, the fermentation materials are assessed for harmlessness and nutrients.

[0128] The products of perishable waste fermentation must first undergo a harmlessness assessment to ensure their safety as organic fertilizer. The harmlessness assessment of concentrated materials mainly uses soluble salt concentration (EC value) and seed germination index (GI) as indicators. The soluble salt concentration (EC value) in the substrate affects the plant's water absorption; a normal EC value is between 1 mS / cm and 4 mS / cm. High concentrations of soluble salts can cause reverse osmotic pressure in plant roots, leading to browning or drying of root tips. The seed germination index (GI) reflects both the maturity of the fermented material and its toxicity to seeds. A GI > 50% indicates that the fermented product is essentially non-toxic to seeds; a GI > 80% indicates that the fermented material is fully mature.

[0129] To determine the above two indicators, firstly, a fresh sample of the fermentation product was taken, soaked in deionized water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, shaken for 2 hours, centrifuged, filtered, and the filtrate was collected. The EC value was measured using a DDS-307A conductivity meter. For the GI value, 5 mL of the filtrate was placed in a petri dish lined with filter paper, 10 plump rice seeds were added, and the dish was incubated at 25℃ for 72 hours. The calculation method is as follows:

[0130]

[0131] Nutrient assessments were conducted on the fermentation products of easily degradable waste to ensure their nutrient availability as turfgrass. Based on the measured elemental and nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) of the fermentation products, field or pot trials were carried out using soils with low fertility as test soils. Fermentation products were added at nitrogen equivalent concentrations of 0.05%, 0.08%, 0.10%, and 0.12%. These fertilizers could be used for winter planting of nitrogen-sensitive green manure crops such as ryegrass and tall fescue, or for spring planting of rice. The fertilizer's effectiveness was then assessed based on crop growth and yield.

[0132] Refining of fermented materials:

[0133] The fully fermented material undergoes a series of refining processes. Specific steps include: drying, crushing, and sieving.

[0134] Lawn substrate formulation mixing

[0135] By thoroughly mixing refined materials with other substances (mainly low-quality soil) at a ratio of 1:10, and using this mixture as a lawn propagation substrate, no other additives are needed, thus achieving the resource utilization of perishable waste.

[0136] Nutrient assessment test of fermentation materials:

[0137] The experiment set up three types of perishable waste treatment products: the pre-dried material in step (S03), the aerobic fermentation material in step (S06), and the refined material in step (S07). There were four material addition gradients (based on dry weight per acre: 1t, 1.5t, 2t, and 2.5t). The field plot experiment was conducted, with each plot measuring 3m*4m=12㎡. A control group without any materials was also set up.

[0138] Relationship between target material weight and initial material weight: ① Initially dried material: moisture content approximately 60%. Based on a plot size of 12㎡, the required coarse material weight per plot for the four gradients is 50kg, 75kg, 100kg, and 125kg respectively. ② Aerobic fermentation material: moisture content approximately 25%. Based on a plot size of 12㎡, the required coarse material weight per plot for the four gradients is 20kg, 30kg, 40kg, and 50kg respectively. ③ Refined material: target moisture content 40%. Based on a plot size of 12㎡, the required coarse material weight per plot for the four gradients is 16kg, 24kg, 32kg, and 40kg respectively. After the materials are fully mixed in the plots, ryegrass seeds are sown, and germination and growth are observed. Harvesting is conducted in March or April of the following year to determine the biomass yield, thereby evaluating the fertilizer efficiency of the perishable waste fermentation products produced by this method.

[0139] Yield measurements of the fresh weight of harvested ryegrass in each plot revealed that the ryegrass yield (converted to 523 kg / mu) in the plot without any biodegradable waste treatment materials, and 1560 kg / mu in the plot with the highest amount of pre-dried materials, showing a significant increase compared to the control. The ryegrass yields under the treatments with the highest amounts of aerobic fermentation materials and refined materials were 2380 kg / mu and 2450 kg / mu, respectively, significantly higher than the treatment with pre-dried materials, and not significantly different from the ryegrass yield of 2155 kg / mu under the treatment with conventional organic fertilizer. These results indicate that adding biodegradable waste treatment products as organic materials to low-fertility soils can significantly improve soil fertility.

[0140] Experimental study on the formulation of turf substrate for perishable waste:

[0141] Experimental treatments included five aerobic fermentation material gradients (100 g / kg, 200 g / kg, 300 g / kg, 400 g / kg, 500 g / kg) and a control (CK). Rhizome propagation was performed using Manila grass stems. Each treatment had five replicates, resulting in a total of 6*5 = 30 seedling trays. The evaluation index was based on the turf establishment effect.

[0142] The results are shown in Table 4. When the amount of aerobic fermentation material added is 10% to 20%, a good turf establishment effect can be achieved. However, as the amount of aerobic fermentation material added increases, the propagation of Manila grass stems is reduced.

[0143] Table 4: Evaluation Table of Tall Fescue Grass Establishment Effects with Different Substrate Formulas

[0144] aerobic fermentation material addition amount Visually estimated slab size Evaluation of the completed slab H1(10％) >70 better H2(20％) >80 better H3(30％) 55～70 generally H4(40％) 55～70 generally H5(50％) <40 Poor CK <40 Poor

[0145] Note: Visual assessment of turf cover percentage: The percentage of the above-ground plant canopy covering the expected area, expressed as a percentage (%), with values ​​ranging from 1 to 100. Turf cover evaluation is based on visual assessment of turf cover percentage: less than 40% is "poor," 40-55% is "fairly poor," 55-70% is "average," 70-85% is "good," and greater than 85% is "excellent."

[0146] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Equipment for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material, characterized in that: The equipment includes a drying device; the drying device includes a heating mechanism, a turning mechanism, and a control mechanism; the heating mechanism includes a heating chamber (11), an air inlet pipe (12), a perforated mesh plate (13), an electric heating wire (14), and an air outlet pipe (15); the air outlet pipe (15) and the air inlet pipe (12) are respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the heating chamber (11), the perforated mesh plate (13) and the electric heating wire (14) are both installed inside the heating chamber (11), and the electric heating wire (14) is located at the perforated mesh plate (13). The material turning mechanism and the control mechanism are both installed inside the heating chamber (11); the material turning mechanism includes multiple material turning components; the material turning components include a lifting guide rod (21), a magnetic lifting ball (22) and a material turning bundle (23); the lifting guide rod (21) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the perforated mesh plate (13), and the lifting guide rod (21) is in the vertical direction; the magnetic lifting ball (22) is slidably connected to the lifting guide rod (21); the material turning bundle (23) is dispersedly connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball (22); The magnetic lifting sphere (22) includes an upper hollow transparent end (221), a lower magnetic end (222), and a water-containing color-changing silica gel filler (223); the upper hollow transparent end (221) and the lower magnetic end (222) are connected vertically and together form a complete sphere. The upper hollow transparent end (221) has multiple evenly distributed air vents. The water-containing color-changing silica gel filler (223) is filled inside the upper hollow transparent end (221). The particle size of the water-containing color-changing silica gel filler (223) is larger than the pore size of the air vents. The material turning bundle (23) includes a magnetic bundle (231), a magnetic tail end (232), and multiple non-elastic pull ropes (233); one end of the magnetic bundle (231) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the magnetic lifting ball (22), the magnetic tail end (232) is fixedly connected to the end of the magnetic bundle (231) away from the magnetic lifting ball (22), and the non-elastic pull ropes (233) are distributed between the magnetic bundle (231) and the magnetic lifting ball (22); The control mechanism includes a controller (31), multiple electromagnets (32), a camera (33), a temperature and humidity sensor (34), and a power supply (35); the electromagnets (32) are respectively installed on the upper side corresponding to the lifting guide rod (21), and the controller (31) is electrically connected to the electromagnets (32), the camera (33), the temperature and humidity sensor (34), and the power supply (35).

2. The equipment for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a finishing equipment; the finishing equipment includes a processing chamber (41), a feed pipe (42), a hydraulic rod (43), a distribution plate (44), a crushing rod (45), an electric heating wire (46), and a sieve plate (47); the feed pipe (42) is installed at the upper end of the processing chamber (41), the hydraulic rod (43) is installed at the top of the processing chamber (41), the distribution plate (44) is installed at the lower end of the hydraulic rod (43), the crushing rod (45) is evenly installed at the lower end of the distribution plate (44), the electric heating wire (46) is embedded in the distribution plate (44), and the sieve plate (47) is installed at the lower end of the processing chamber (41).

3. The equipment for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a mixing device; the mixing device includes a receiving chamber (51), a mixing pipe (52), a vibrating motor (53), a receiving platform (54) and a weight detector (55); the receiving chamber (51) is installed at the lower end of the sieve plate (47), the mixing pipe (52) is installed on the side wall of the receiving chamber (51), the vibrating motor (53) is installed at the lower end of the receiving chamber (51), the receiving platform (54) is installed at the bottom of the receiving chamber (51), and the weight detector (55) is embedded in the upper surface of the receiving platform (54).

4. The equipment for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Method for preparing lawn substrate using the aforementioned lawn substrate preparation equipment. Includes the following steps, (S01) Collect perishable waste, remove non-degradable substances from the perishable waste, and weigh it; (S02) The perishable waste weighed in step (S01) is fed into the waste crushing equipment and crushed. (S03) The perishable waste crushed in step (S02) is sent to the drying equipment for drying. When the weight of the dried material is reduced to the set weight value, the drying is stopped. (S04) The material dried in step (S03) is fed back into the waste crushing equipment for crushing. (S05) The crushed material from step (S04) is fed into an aerobic fermentation device for aerobic fermentation. (S06) Detect the soluble salt concentration EC value and seed germination index GI in the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05). If the soluble salt concentration EC value is in the range of 1mS / cm to 4mS / cm and the seed germination index GI is >50%, then proceed to the next step; otherwise, continue with aerobic fermentation in step (S05). (S07) The materials that meet the requirements of step (S06) are sent to the finishing equipment for finishing. (S08) Take an appropriate amount of low-quality soil and feed the material after fine processing in step (S07) together with the low-quality soil into the mixing equipment for mixing.

5. The equipment for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the material after passing through the sieve plate in the finishing equipment to the low-quality soil is 1:5 to 15.

6. The equipment for preparing lawn substrate using perishable waste as raw material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the weight value in step (S03) is set as follows: Y = (1-A1) / (1-A2)*100%*X; Where Y is the set weight value, X is the initial material weight value, A1 is the initial material moisture content, and A2 is the target material moisture content. The value range of A2 is 55% to 60%.

7. The equipment for preparing lawn substrate from perishable waste as raw material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for checking the EC value of the soluble salt concentration is as follows: Take a fresh sample of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter the filtrate and measure it with a conductivity meter to obtain the soluble salt concentration EC value. The method for checking the seed germination index (GI) is as follows: Take a fresh sample of the material after aerobic fermentation in step (S05), soak it in deionized water at a certain solid-liquid ratio and shake it. After soaking and shaking, centrifuge and filter it. Take an appropriate amount of filtrate and place it in a petri dish lined with filter paper. Add seeds to the petri dish and place it in a constant temperature incubator for cultivation. The seed germination index GI is obtained by using the formula: GI = (seed germination rate of extract * root length) / (seed germination rate of control group * root length) × 100%.

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