A method of hydrogen storage and release

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a method for storing and releasing hydrogen, the method comprising: pressurizing input hydrogen from a hydrogen source to obtain pressurized hydrogen; introducing the pressurized hydrogen into a solid hydrogen storage unit, wherein when the pressure of the input hydrogen is greater than a pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is cooled to obtain first low-temperature hydrogen; introducing the first low-temperature hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit; when the pressure of the input hydrogen is less than the pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is heated to obtain high-temperature hydrogen; introducing the high-temperature hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit; and discharging hydrogen from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit; the solid hydrogen storage unit includes multiple solid hydrogen storage tanks internally filled with solid hydrogen storage material, and at least one solid hydrogen storage tank stores hydrogen. Using the method of this disclosure, flexible storage and release of hydrogen can be achieved, with high hydrogen storage density, stable hydrogen supply pressure, and a significant reduction in the footprint of hydrogen storage equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen storage, and more specifically, to a method for storing and releasing hydrogen. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen, derived from renewable energy sources, is storable and transportable, making it a flexible energy carrier and low-carbon feedstock with enormous development potential. Hydrogen storage and transportation, serving as a link and bridge between hydrogen production and consumption, are crucial for the sustainable development of the entire hydrogen energy industry chain.

[0003] Currently commercialized hydrogen storage technologies include high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, solid-state hydrogen storage, and organic liquid hydrogen storage. However, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage is costly, prone to freezing damage, and easily volatilizes; gaseous hydrogen storage carries risks of hydrogen embrittlement and hydrogen permeation; solid-state hydrogen storage adsorbs hydrogen into solid materials, which can solve the problems of low storage density and low safety factor. This provides a foundation for using hydrogen from renewable energy sources in continuous hydrogen consumption processes such as refining and chemical industries.

[0004] On the other hand, with the increasing proportion of low-quality crude oil processed, the ever-increasing requirements for the quality of refined oil products, and the accelerated pace of upgrading in the oil conversion industry, refining enterprises are demanding more and more hydrogen. Due to the instability of "green hydrogen," it is difficult to serve as a continuous and stable hydrogen source, and therefore, it cannot meet the operational requirements of industrial processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a method for storing and releasing hydrogen, which aims to achieve flexible storage and release of hydrogen and meet the requirements of continuous hydrogen use in industrial plants.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this disclosure provides a method for storing and releasing hydrogen, the method comprising: pressurizing input hydrogen from a hydrogen pipeline network to obtain pressurized hydrogen; introducing the pressurized hydrogen into a solid hydrogen storage unit, wherein when the pressure of the input hydrogen is greater than a pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is cooled to obtain first low-temperature hydrogen; introducing the first low-temperature hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit; when the pressure of the input hydrogen is less than a pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is heated to obtain high-temperature hydrogen; introducing the high-temperature hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit; and discharging hydrogen from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit; wherein the solid hydrogen storage unit comprises a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks internally filled with solid hydrogen storage material, and at least one of the solid hydrogen storage tanks stores hydrogen.

[0007] Optionally, the solid hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of carbon-based hydrogen storage materials, alloy hydrogen storage materials, and complex hydrogen storage materials.

[0008] Optionally, the carbon-based hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and metal-organic framework hydrogen storage materials; the alloy hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys, rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloys, and zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloys; the complex hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of NaAlH4, LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, KAlH4, and Mg(AlH4)2.

[0009] Optionally, a compressor is used to pressurize the input hydrogen gas, and the outlet of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through a hydrogen storage main line and a hydrogen supply main line, respectively; a first cooler is provided on the hydrogen storage main line, and a heater is provided on the hydrogen supply main line.

[0010] Optionally, the outlet of the hydrogen storage main line is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks, and the outlet of the hydrogen supply main line is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks.

[0011] Optionally, the method further includes: when the pressure of the input hydrogen is greater than a pressure threshold, mixing a portion of the hydrogen obtained from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit with the input hydrogen as circulating hydrogen, and sending the other portion as the external hydrogen.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature of the first low-temperature hydrogen gas is -20~50℃ and the pressure is 1~10MPa; the temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen gas is 60~300℃ and the pressure is 1~10MPa.

[0013] Optionally, the method further includes cooling the outlet hydrogen of the solid hydrogen storage unit to obtain a second low-temperature hydrogen; allowing the gas phase obtained after gas-liquid separation of the second low-temperature hydrogen to enter the hydrogen pipeline network as the external hydrogen; the temperature of the second low-temperature hydrogen is 30~50℃ and the pressure is 1~10 MPa.

[0014] Optionally, the pressure difference of hydrogen before and after pressurization is 0.05~1MPa; the pressure of the input hydrogen is 1~10MPa; and the pressure of the output hydrogen is 1~10MPa.

[0015] Optionally, the method further includes exchanging heat between the pressurized hydrogen and the outlet hydrogen of the solid hydrogen storage unit before the pressurized hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage unit.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, when the pressure of the input hydrogen from the hydrogen pipeline entering the system of this disclosure is greater than the pressure threshold, the excess hydrogen in the pipeline is compressed, cooled, and adsorbed, allowing it to be stored in a solid hydrogen storage tank under low-temperature conditions. When the pressure of the input hydrogen from the hydrogen pipeline entering the system of this disclosure is less than the pressure threshold, the hydrogen in the pipeline is insufficient. The hydrogen from the pipeline is then compressed, heated, and desorbed, allowing high-temperature hydrogen to be released from the solid hydrogen storage tank into the pipeline of this disclosure under high-temperature conditions, thereby balancing and stabilizing the pipeline pressure. This improves the efficiency and flexibility of hydrogen storage and release. Furthermore, based on the pressure of the input hydrogen from the hydrogen pipeline entering the system of this disclosure, the hydrogen storage unit can be flexibly adjusted to store or supply hydrogen, enabling continuous utilization of green hydrogen in industrial applications. In addition, this disclosure offers high hydrogen storage density, stable hydrogen supply pressure, and significantly reduces the footprint of hydrogen storage equipment.

[0017] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present disclosure and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present disclosure, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of a hydrogen storage and release method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0021] 1. Solid hydrogen storage tank; 2. Compressor; 3. Heater; 4. First cooler; 5. Second cooler; 7. Gas-liquid separator; 8. Inlet hydrogen; 9. Outlet hydrogen; 11. Hydrogen pipeline network. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0023] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this application are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the application is located, and with the authorization granted by the owner of the relevant device.

[0024] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in its normal operating state. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] This disclosure provides a method for storing and releasing hydrogen, the method comprising: pressurizing input hydrogen 8 from a hydrogen pipeline network 11 to obtain pressurized hydrogen; introducing the pressurized hydrogen into a solid hydrogen storage unit, wherein when the pressure of the input hydrogen 8 is greater than a pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is cooled to obtain first low-temperature hydrogen; introducing the first low-temperature hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit; when the pressure of the input hydrogen 8 is less than a pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is heated to obtain high-temperature hydrogen; introducing the high-temperature hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage unit; and releasing hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage unit... Hydrogen gas 9 is exported from the outlet; wherein, the pressure threshold may include an upper pressure threshold and a lower pressure threshold, the difference between the upper pressure threshold and the lower pressure threshold being 0.1~1MPa; the upper pressure threshold and the lower pressure threshold can be set according to the hydrogen source, for example, in a specific embodiment of this disclosure, the upper pressure threshold is 2.55~2.65MPa, and the lower pressure threshold is 2.35~2.45MPa; the solid hydrogen storage unit includes a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 internally filled with solid hydrogen storage material, and at least one of the solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 stores hydrogen gas.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, when the pressure of the input hydrogen 8 from the hydrogen pipeline 11 entering the system of this disclosure is greater than the pressure threshold, the excess hydrogen in the pipeline is compressed, cooled, and adsorbed, allowing it to be stored in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 under low-temperature conditions. When the pressure of the input hydrogen 8 from the hydrogen pipeline 11 entering the system of this disclosure is less than the pressure threshold, the hydrogen in the pipeline is insufficient. The hydrogen from the pipeline is then compressed, heated, and desorbed, allowing high-temperature hydrogen to be released from the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 into the pipeline of this disclosure under high-temperature conditions, thereby balancing and stabilizing the pipeline pressure. This improves the efficiency and flexibility of hydrogen storage and release. Furthermore, based on the pressure of the input hydrogen 8 from the hydrogen pipeline 11 entering the system of this disclosure, the hydrogen storage unit can be flexibly adjusted to store or supply hydrogen, thus enabling continuous utilization of green hydrogen in industrial applications. In addition, this disclosure offers high hydrogen storage density, stable hydrogen supply pressure, and significantly reduces the footprint of hydrogen storage equipment.

[0027] The solid hydrogen storage materials used in this disclosure are conventional choices in the art, requiring only that they possess strong low-temperature hydrogen adsorption capacity and strong high-temperature hydrogen desorption capacity. For example, the solid hydrogen storage materials are selected from one or more of carbon-based hydrogen storage materials, alloy hydrogen storage materials, and complex hydrogen storage materials. Specifically, carbon-based hydrogen storage materials can be selected from one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and metal-organic framework hydrogen storage materials; alloy hydrogen storage materials can be selected from one or more of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys, rare-earth-based hydrogen storage alloys, and zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloys; and complex hydrogen storage materials can be selected from one or more of NaAlH4, LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, KAlH4, and Mg(AlH4)2.

[0028] To mitigate the significant fluctuations in hydrogen flow rate in the hydrogen pipeline network 11, the multiple solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 in the solid hydrogen storage unit of this disclosure can be connected in parallel or in a mixed series-parallel configuration, preferably in parallel. Furthermore, the temperature of at least one solid hydrogen storage tank 1 must be maintained below -10 to 40°C, and the temperature of at least one solid hydrogen storage tank 1 must be above 60 to 300°C. Through these configurations, even in the event of a sudden increase or decrease in the pressure of the input hydrogen 8 to the hydrogen pipeline network 11, the solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 can quickly adsorb or desorb hydrogen, thereby significantly reducing the adverse effects of instability in the hydrogen pipeline network 11.

[0029] In one embodiment, a compressor 2 is used to pressurize the input hydrogen gas 8. The outlet of the compressor 2 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit via a hydrogen storage main line and a hydrogen supply main line, respectively, so that the input hydrogen gas 8 can be compressed to form pressurized hydrogen gas. The pressure difference of the hydrogen gas before and after pressurization is 0.05~1MPa, preferably 0.2~0.8MPa. In this embodiment, by pressurizing the input hydrogen gas 8, on the one hand, the adsorption capacity of the solid hydrogen storage unit for hydrogen can be enhanced, thereby enhancing the storage and release capacity of the solid hydrogen storage unit; on the other hand, the density of hydrogen can be increased, the volume can be reduced, and the footprint of the hydrogen storage equipment can be significantly reduced.

[0030] To further improve the performance of hydrogen storage or release, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the hydrogen storage main line and the hydrogen supply main line cannot be in operation simultaneously; that is, all pressurized hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage unit either through the hydrogen storage main line or through the hydrogen supply main line. In one embodiment of this disclosure, the hydrogen storage main line is equipped with a first cooler 4, and the hydrogen supply main line is equipped with a heater 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, when the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 is greater than the pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen gas enters the first cooler 4 through the hydrogen storage main line inlet for cooling to obtain first low-temperature hydrogen gas. The temperature of the first low-temperature hydrogen gas is -20~50℃, preferably 20~40℃, and the pressure is 1~10MPa, preferably 2~5MPa. When the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 is less than the pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen gas enters the heater 3 through the hydrogen supply main line inlet for heating to obtain high-temperature hydrogen gas. The temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen gas is 60~300℃, preferably 200~250℃, and the pressure is 1~10MPa, preferably 2~5MPa.

[0032] In one embodiment, the outlet of the hydrogen storage main line is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks 1, so that the first low-temperature hydrogen can selectively enter one or more solid hydrogen storage tanks 1; the outlet of the hydrogen supply main line is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks 1, so that the high-temperature hydrogen can selectively enter one or more solid hydrogen storage tanks 1.

[0033] In a further embodiment, first-temperature hydrogen gas is preferentially introduced into the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the highest temperature (60~300℃). The first-temperature hydrogen gas exchanges heat with the hydrogen inside the tank, causing the temperature inside the tank to gradually decrease. During this time, the hydrogen adsorption performance of the solid hydrogen storage material inside the tank gradually increases until the temperature inside the tank is maintained at -10~40℃ and no longer decreases. After a delay of 0.5~3 hours, the hydrogen storage material reaches hydrogen adsorption saturation. Then, the process is switched to the next solid hydrogen storage tank 1 in order of decreasing temperature, and the above operation continues. Conversely, high-temperature hydrogen gas is preferentially introduced into the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the lowest temperature (-10~40℃). The high-temperature hydrogen gas exchanges heat with the hydrogen inside the tank, causing the temperature inside the tank to gradually increase. During this time, the hydrogen adsorption performance of the solid hydrogen storage material inside the tank gradually decreases until the temperature inside the tank is maintained at 60~300℃ and no longer increases. After a delay of 0.5~3 hours, the hydrogen release from the hydrogen storage material reaches equilibrium. Then, the process is switched to the next solid hydrogen storage tank 1 in order of increasing temperature, and the above operation continues.

[0034] In one embodiment, the method further includes: when the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 is greater than a pressure threshold, mixing a portion of the hydrogen gas obtained from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit with the input hydrogen gas 8 as circulating hydrogen gas, and sending the other portion as the external hydrogen gas 9.

[0035] To increase the purity and density of the exported hydrogen 9, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the outlet hydrogen of the solid hydrogen storage unit is cooled by a second cooler 5 to obtain a second low-temperature hydrogen; the gas phase obtained after gas-liquid separation by a gas-liquid separator 7 is then used as the exported hydrogen 9 and enters the hydrogen pipeline network 11. The temperature of the second low-temperature hydrogen is 30~50℃, preferably 20~40℃; the pressure is 1~10MPa, preferably 2~5MPa.

[0036] In one embodiment, the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 is 1~10MPa, preferably 2~5MPa; the temperature is 20~80℃, preferably 40℃; the pressure of the output hydrogen gas 9 is 1~10MPa, preferably 2~5MPa; the temperature is 20~80℃, preferably 40℃.

[0037] In one embodiment, the pressurized hydrogen gas is heat-exchanged with the outlet hydrogen gas of the solid hydrogen storage unit before entering the solid hydrogen storage unit. In this embodiment, the pressurized hydrogen gas is heat-exchanged to 80-260°C, preferably 120-200°C, before entering the main hydrogen supply line; the outlet hydrogen gas of the solid hydrogen storage unit is heat-exchanged to 60-200°C, preferably 80-100°C. This allows for a decrease in the outlet hydrogen temperature of the solid hydrogen storage unit while simultaneously increasing the temperature of the pressurized hydrogen gas, thereby reducing device energy consumption, preventing heat loss, and lowering overall energy consumption.

[0038] In one implementation, such as Figure 1 Methods for storing and releasing hydrogen include:

[0039] When the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 is above 2.5~5.0MPa, the input hydrogen gas 8 is pressurized by 0.05~1MPa by the compressor 2 to obtain pressurized hydrogen gas; the pressurized hydrogen gas is cooled to 0~20℃ by the first cooler 4 to obtain first low-temperature hydrogen gas; the first low-temperature hydrogen gas is put into at least one solid hydrogen storage tank 1 for hydrogen storage; part of the hydrogen gas at the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is circulated to the inlet of the compressor 2 and mixed with the input hydrogen gas 8;

[0040] When the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 is below 2.5~5.0MPa, the input hydrogen gas 8 with a pressure of 2.5~5.0MPa is pressurized by 0.05~1MPa by the compressor 2 to obtain pressurized hydrogen gas; the pressurized hydrogen gas is heat-exchanged with the hydrogen gas at the outlet of at least one solid hydrogen storage tank 1 and then heated to 60~300℃ by the heater 3 to obtain high-temperature hydrogen gas, which is then introduced into the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 for hydrogen release; the hydrogen gas at the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is sent out.

[0041] The supplied hydrogen gas is cooled to 30-50°C in the second cooler 5 to obtain the second low-temperature hydrogen gas; the second low-temperature hydrogen gas is separated by the gas-liquid separator 7 and the resulting gas phase is sent to the hydrogen pipeline network 11.

[0042] The present disclosure will be further illustrated by the following examples, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0043] The hydrogen production equipment used in the following examples is powered by renewable energy generation. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit has a purity of 99 vol%, with an oxygen content of <20 ppm, a nitrogen content of <1000 ppm, a dew point below 15°C, an operating temperature of 40°C, and an operating pressure of 2.5 MPa. The hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen production unit is 2.5 ± 0.5 MPa, and the flow rate is 100,000 Nm³. 3 / h±80000Nm 3 / h.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Ten solid hydrogen storage tanks are configured to store hydrogen, and another ten solid hydrogen storage tanks are configured to be stored. The upper pressure threshold is set to 2.6 MPa, and the lower pressure threshold is set to 2.4 MPa.

[0046] When the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 exceeds the upper pressure threshold, the input hydrogen gas 8 is pressurized by 0.5 MPa by the compressor 2 to obtain pressurized hydrogen gas. The pressurized hydrogen gas is cooled to 20°C by the first cooler 4 to obtain first low-temperature hydrogen gas. The first low-temperature hydrogen gas enters the highest-temperature solid hydrogen storage tank 1, where its temperature is lowered to 20°C. After the temperature remains constant for 2 hours, it is switched to another solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the highest temperature to continue hydrogen storage. Part of the hydrogen gas at the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 in the hydrogen storage state is circulated as circulating hydrogen to the inlet of the compressor 2 to mix with the input hydrogen gas 8, and the other part enters the second cooler 5 to be cooled to 40°C to obtain second low-temperature hydrogen gas. The second low-temperature hydrogen gas is separated by the gas-liquid separator 7, and the gas phase is sent to the hydrogen pipeline network 11 as external hydrogen gas 9. The pressure ratio of the circulating hydrogen gas to the external hydrogen gas 9 is 1.02:1. The pressure of the external hydrogen gas 9 is 2.5 ± 0.1 MPa.

[0047] When the pressure of the input hydrogen gas 8 is less than the lower pressure threshold, the input hydrogen gas 8 is pressurized by 0.5 MPa by the compressor 2 to obtain pressurized hydrogen gas. The pressurized hydrogen gas is then heated to 170°C by the outlet hydrogen gas of at least one solid hydrogen storage tank 1, and then heated to 280°C by the heater 3 to obtain high-temperature hydrogen gas. The high-temperature hydrogen gas enters the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the lowest temperature, and its temperature rises to 280°C. After the temperature remains constant for 2 hours, it is switched to another solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the lowest temperature to continue hydrogen release. The outlet hydrogen gas of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 in the hydrogen release state is first heated to 120°C by the pressurized hydrogen gas, and then enters the second cooler 5 to be cooled to 40°C to obtain second low-temperature hydrogen gas. The second low-temperature hydrogen gas is separated by the gas-liquid separator 7, and the gas phase is sent to the hydrogen pipeline network 11 as external hydrogen gas 9, so that the pressure of the hydrogen pipeline network 11 gradually increases and stabilizes at 2.5 ± 0.1 MPa.

[0048] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the method disclosed herein enables flexible storage and release of hydrogen and continuous utilization of industrial equipment using green hydrogen; at the same time, it effectively increases hydrogen storage density and significantly reduces the footprint of hydrogen storage equipment.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of this disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0050] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0051] Furthermore, various different embodiments of this disclosure can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for storing and releasing hydrogen, characterized in that, The method includes: The input hydrogen (8) from the hydrogen pipeline (11) is pressurized to obtain pressurized hydrogen; The pressurized hydrogen gas is introduced into the solid hydrogen storage unit, wherein, When the pressure of the input hydrogen (8) is greater than the pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is cooled to obtain first low-temperature hydrogen; the first low-temperature hydrogen is introduced into the solid hydrogen storage unit; a portion of the hydrogen obtained from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is mixed with the input hydrogen (8) as circulating hydrogen; the other portion is cooled to obtain second low-temperature hydrogen; the gas phase obtained after gas-liquid separation of the second low-temperature hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen pipeline network (11) as external hydrogen (9). When the pressure of the input hydrogen (8) is less than the pressure threshold, the pressurized hydrogen is heated to obtain high-temperature hydrogen; the high-temperature hydrogen is introduced into the solid hydrogen storage unit; the outlet hydrogen of the solid hydrogen storage unit is cooled to obtain second low-temperature hydrogen; the gas phase obtained after gas-liquid separation of the second low-temperature hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen pipeline network (11) as external hydrogen (9). The solid hydrogen storage unit includes multiple solid hydrogen storage tanks (1) filled with solid hydrogen storage material, and at least one of the solid hydrogen storage tanks (1) stores hydrogen gas. The input hydrogen gas (8) is pressurized by a compressor (2). The outlet of the compressor (2) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen storage main line and the hydrogen supply main line respectively. The outlet of the hydrogen storage main line is connected to the hydrogen inlet of multiple solid hydrogen storage tanks (1) respectively. The outlet of the hydrogen supply main line is connected to the hydrogen inlet of multiple solid hydrogen storage tanks (1) respectively. The hydrogen storage main line is equipped with a first cooler (4), and the hydrogen supply main line is equipped with a heater (3).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of carbon-based hydrogen storage materials, alloy hydrogen storage materials, and complex hydrogen storage materials.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Carbon-based hydrogen storage materials are selected from one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and metal-organic framework hydrogen storage materials. The alloy hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys, rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloys, and zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloys. The complex hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of NaAlH4, LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, KAlH4, and Mg(AlH4)2.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the first low-temperature hydrogen gas is -20~50℃ and the pressure is 1~10MPa; the temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen gas is 60~300℃ and the pressure is 1~10MPa.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature of the second low-temperature hydrogen gas is 30~50℃ and the pressure is 1~10MPa.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure difference of hydrogen before and after pressurization is 0.05~1MPa; The pressure of the input hydrogen (8) is 1~10MPa, and the pressure of the output hydrogen (9) is 1~10MPa.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes exchanging heat between the pressurized hydrogen and the outlet hydrogen of the solid hydrogen storage unit before the pressurized hydrogen enters the solid hydrogen storage unit.

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