A laser additive manufacturing method for composite materials based on element super solid solution powder

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder, the method comprising: first, adding a reaction element in an amount far greater than the solid solubility to the metal / alloy powder raw material ratio, and completely dissolving the reaction element in the metal / alloy matrix through gas atomization pulverization or rotary electrode pulverization to obtain a prefabricated powder; second, performing additive manufacturing with the prefabricated powder as the raw material to obtain a composite material. The present invention adjusts the pulverization process parameters to achieve an ultra-fast cooling rate, so that the reaction element is completely dissolved in the metal matrix in the form of solid solution atoms, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the distribution of the reaction element. Combined with the extraordinary metallurgical behaviors such as rapid solidification and strong convection in the molten pool of the additive manufacturing method, a high-density dispersed submicron and nanometer reinforcement phase is formed in situ in the matrix, thereby effectively solving the problem of difficult control of the reinforcement phase size and distribution uniformity existing in particle reinforced composite materials, and improving the performance of the composite material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of particle-reinforced titanium-based composite materials, and in particular relates to a method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super-solid solution powder. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, particle-reinforced metal matrix composites (PMMCs) have shown great application value and potential in high-end fields such as aerospace due to their superior comprehensive properties compared to pure metals or their alloys. Currently, the preparation methods of PRMs can be divided into external addition methods and in-situ self-generation methods. The size of the reinforcement phase obtained by the external addition method mainly depends on the size of the reinforcement initially added, and the scale is generally tens of microns. The in-situ self-generation method obtains the reinforcement phase through the mutual reaction between elements during the forming process. On the one hand, it solves a series of problems caused by the external addition method in the preparation of MMCs, such as the wettability of the reinforcement / matrix, the interface reaction of the reinforcement phase / metal matrix, and the high cost. On the other hand, the MMCs prepared by this method have a clean reinforcement / matrix interface, free of impurity contamination, and good bonding. Therefore, it has gradually become the mainstream preparation technology for preparing PRMs. However, due to the slow cooling rate of traditional technology, the size of the internal reinforcement phase of the in-situ self-generated PRMs is limited compared to that of the external addition method, and the uniformity of distribution is difficult to control. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is based on the principle of discrete-layer deposition. Its exceptional metallurgy, characterized by rapid solidification and intense convection, holds great potential for the fabrication of in-situ particle-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs). Unfortunately, the short lifetime of the melt pool during the forming process hinders the complete melting of the added reactive raw materials, which are large and difficult to fully melt, resulting in incomplete in-situ reactions. Currently, some researchers are adding reactive raw materials with nanoscale dimensions. However, this approach is expensive to prepare, and the high surface energy of nanomaterials during the addition process can easily lead to agglomeration of the reinforcement phase within the resulting MMMCs. To address these issues, some researchers have focused on the powder preparation process. Specifically, ensuring uniformity of the reinforcement phase or its raw materials within the powder, combined with the intense convection within the MM melt pool, can yield finely dispersed reinforcement phases. For example, some researchers have added the in-situ reactive element boron to titanium alloy powders to produce TiB-reinforced titanium matrix composites. However, needle-shaped TiB reinforcements already exist in the preformed powder before forming. This method is similar to the external addition of TiB reinforcement, but the aforementioned problems of the external addition method still exist. Moreover, the elongated morphology of TiB is not conducive to improving the overall performance of the composite material. How to obtain a high-density dispersed reinforcement phase within the metal matrix remains an unresolved issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder in response to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. This method adjusts the process parameters in the gas atomization powder making process or the rotating electrode powder making process or reduces the temperature of the powder making cooling atmosphere, so that the reactive elements far exceeding the solid solubility are dissolved in the metal / alloy matrix in the form of solid solution atoms. Combined with the laser additive manufacturing method, the reactive elements in the prefabricated powder enter the molten pool and react with the main elements of the metal / alloy matrix, and a high-density dispersed submicron or nanometer-scale reinforcement phase is obtained in situ, which effectively solves the problem of difficult control of the size and distribution of the reinforcement phase in the process of preparing particle-reinforced metal-based composite materials.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts a technical solution: a method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0005] Step 1, powder preparation: During the metal / alloy powder raw material ratio process, a reaction element far greater than its solid solubility is added, and then atomization or rotary electrode powder is performed. During the powder production process, the cooling rate of the droplets solidifying to form powder is increased by adjusting the process parameters or lowering the temperature of the powder production cooling atmosphere. This allows the reaction element far exceeding its solid solubility to be dissolved in the metal / alloy matrix in the form of atoms, thereby obtaining a prefabricated powder containing supersaturated solid solution reaction atoms;

[0006] Step 2. Preparation of composite materials: The prefabricated powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material and formed by laser additive manufacturing method: first fix the substrate on the workbench of the additive manufacturing equipment, and then use the prefabricated powder as raw material, and move the light spot to scan in the XY horizontal plane. During the process, the laser beam, powder raw material and substrate / deposited layer interact to form a tiny molten pool and overlap to form a single track. The single tracks are overlapped to obtain a single-layer solid sheet. The scanning process is repeated until multiple single-layer solid sheets are stacked layer by layer to form a solid block. During the forming process, submicron or nanometer-scale reinforcement phases based on supersaturated solid solution elements are formed in situ inside the matrix, thereby obtaining a composite material with a high-density dispersed reinforcement phase.

[0007] The above-mentioned method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder is characterized in that the metal / alloy powder is a titanium alloy or an aluminum alloy.

[0008] The above-mentioned laser additive manufacturing method for composite materials based on element super solid solution powder is characterized in that the reactive element is required to have solid solubility in the metal / alloy.

[0009] The aforementioned method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on elemental supersolution powders is characterized by increasing the powder cooling rate during the atomization powder preparation process in step 1 by adjusting the atomizing gas pressure. The powder cooling rate increases with increasing atomizing gas pressure. Therefore, the greater the amount of reactive elements added to the preformed powder, the greater the required atomizing gas pressure, thereby increasing the powder cooling rate and promoting the solid solution of more reactive elements in the metal / alloy matrix.

[0010] The aforementioned method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on elemental supersolution powders is characterized by increasing the powder cooling rate by adjusting the rotating electrode rotation speed during the powder production process in step 1. The powder cooling rate increases with increasing rotating electrode rotation speed. Therefore, the greater the amount of reactive elements added to the preformed powder, the greater the required rotating electrode rotation speed, thereby increasing the powder cooling rate and promoting the solid solution of more reactive elements in the metal / alloy matrix.

[0011] The above-mentioned method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder is characterized in that the mass of the reaction element added in step one is greater than the solid solubility of the metal / alloy matrix and the excess amount is not more than 10 times the solid solubility, and the particle size of the prefabricated powder is 10μm to 150μm.

[0012] The above-mentioned method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder is characterized in that the additive manufacturing method in step 2 is laser stereo forming or selective laser melting.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. The present invention adjusts process parameters or lowers the powder making cooling atmosphere temperature during aerosolization or rotary electrode powder making to increase the cooling rate of droplets solidifying to form powder, so that reactive elements with a much larger solid solubility than the metal / alloy do not have time to precipitate in the form of a reinforcing phase. Instead, they are dissolved in the metal / alloy matrix in large quantities in the form of solid-solution atoms to obtain prefabricated powder, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the distribution of the reactive elements. In combination with the laser additive manufacturing method, the extremely high cooling rate and strong convection inside the additive manufacturing molten pool are utilized, so that the reactive elements in the prefabricated powder that enter the molten pool in the form of solid-solution atoms react in situ with the main elements of the metal / alloy to form a highly dispersed submicron or nanometer-scale reinforcing phase with a good transition between the two, thereby avoiding the agglomeration of the reinforcing phase particles inside the composite material.

[0015] 2. The present invention prepares pre-alloyed powder by adding reactive elements far exceeding the solid solubility, thereby forming a fine dispersed reinforcement phase in situ. This not only greatly reduces the cost compared to the external addition of nano-scale reinforcement phase raw materials, but also avoids the agglomeration phenomenon of the nano-scale reinforcement phase due to its large surface energy.

[0016] 3. The present invention selects reactive elements with solid solubility in metals / alloys to prepare prefabricated powders. Compared with reactive elements without solid solubility, such as adding B to titanium alloy, the generation of reinforcing phase during the preparation of prefabricated powders is avoided. This approach allows the reactive elements inside the molten pool to still exist in atomic form, while B enters the molten pool in the form of TiB. In comparison, elements without solid solubility cannot exert the effect of in-situ self-generation technology. On the contrary, it is similar to the approach of adding external reinforcing phase, and the forming quality is difficult to guarantee.

[0017] 4. The present invention obtains submicron or nanometer-scale reinforcement phases through an in-situ self-generation method, avoiding the pollution problem of introducing added particles, and the interface is clean and well-bonded; and the prefabricated powder is completely melted in the molten pool under the action of the high-energy beam, avoiding the problem that the molten pool has a short existence time and the raw materials required for in-situ self-generation are large in size and difficult to react completely.

[0018] 5. The present invention effectively improves the strength of the composite material while maintaining good plasticity by obtaining a high-density dispersed submicron or nanometer reinforcement phase. This is different from the previous preparation of particulate composite materials, where the improvement in strength comes at the expense of a significant reduction in plasticity. This is mainly attributed to the deformation coordination ability of the fine dispersed reinforcement phase particles.

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the SEM image of the Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is the SEM image of the TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is the SEM image of the Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is an SEM image of the TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is the SEM image of the Ti preformed powder prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is the SEM image of the TiC / Ti composite material prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is the SEM image of the TiC / Ti composite material prepared in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is the SEM image of the aluminum alloy preformed powder prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is the SEM image of the aluminum-based composite material prepared in Example 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1, powder preparation: adding carbon element during the proportioning process of Ti60 titanium alloy raw material, and the mass of the added carbon element is 0.3% of the total mass of Ti60 titanium alloy raw material and carbon element, and then performing gas atomization powder making. During the powder making process, the atomizing gas pressure is adjusted to 7MPa to increase the powder cooling rate to ensure that the added carbon element is completely dissolved in the Ti60 titanium alloy matrix, and a Ti60 titanium alloy prefabricated powder with a particle size of 10μm to 53μm is obtained;

[0032] Step 2, composite material preparation: The Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material, and AM250 Additive Metal equipment is used for selective laser melting additive manufacturing. First, the Ti60 titanium alloy substrate is fixed on the workbench of the AM250 Additive Metal equipment, and then the Ti60 preformed powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material, and the moving spot is scanned in the XY horizontal plane of the substrate. During the process, the laser beam, the powder raw material and the substrate / deposited layer interact to form a small molten pool and overlap to form a single track. The single tracks are overlapped to obtain a single-layer solid layer. The scanning process is repeated until multiple single-layer solid layers are stacked layer by layer to form a TiC-reinforced TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material solid block; during the selective laser melting additive manufacturing process, argon with a mass purity of 99% is introduced to control the oxygen content in the manufacturing process to below 100 ppm, and the process parameters used for the selective laser melting additive manufacturing are: laser power 175 W, spot diameter 0.1 mm, scanning speed 700 mm / s, and overlap rate 40%.

[0033] Figure 1 The SEM image of the Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder prepared in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 It can be seen that the C element in the Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder is completely dissolved and no TiC is generated, indicating that the present invention increases the powder cooling rate by regulating the atomizing gas pressure during the gas atomization powder making process, so that the carbon element powder has not yet precipitated in the form of TiC, but is all evenly distributed in the form of solid solution atoms inside the Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder.

[0034] Figure 2 The SEM image of the TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material prepared in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 2 It can be seen that the TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material has high-density dispersed and uniformly distributed TiC reinforcement phase particles with an average size of 400 nm, and has a good transition with the Ti60 titanium alloy matrix, indicating that the present invention uses an additive manufacturing process to allow the supersaturated solid solution of C element and Ti element to react in the molten pool to in-situ self-generate TiC reinforcement phase.

[0035] Comparative Example 1

[0036] This comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0037] Step 1, powder preparation: adding carbon element during the proportioning process of Ti60 titanium alloy raw material, and the mass of the added carbon element is 0.3% of the total mass of the Ti60 titanium alloy raw material and carbon element, and then performing gas atomization powder making. During the powder making process, the atomizing gas pressure is adjusted to 4MPa to obtain Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder with a particle size of 10μm to 53μm;

[0038] Step 2, composite material preparation: The Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material, and AM250 Additive Metal equipment is used for selective laser melting additive manufacturing. First, the Ti60 titanium alloy substrate is fixed on the workbench of the AM250 Additive Metal equipment, and then the Ti60 preformed powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material, and the moving spot is scanned in the XY horizontal plane of the substrate. During the process, the laser beam, the powder raw material and the substrate / deposited layer interact to form a small molten pool and overlap to form a single track. The single tracks are overlapped to obtain a single-layer solid sheet. The scanning process is repeated until multiple single-layer solid sheets are stacked layer by layer to form a TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material solid block; during the selective laser melting additive manufacturing process, argon with a mass purity of 99% is introduced to control the oxygen content in the manufacturing process to below 100 ppm, and the process parameters used for the selective laser melting additive manufacturing are: laser power 175 W, spot diameter 0.1 mm, scanning speed 700 mm / s, and overlap rate 40%.

[0039] Figure 3 The SEM image of the Ti60 titanium alloy preformed powder prepared in this comparative example is as follows: Figure 3 It can be seen that due to the low atomizing gas pressure used in the powder making process, the cooling rate slows down during the powder preparation process, and it is difficult for the C element to be completely dissolved into the Ti60 matrix, so there is precipitated TiC inside the prefabricated powder.

[0040] Figure 4 The SEM image of the TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material prepared in this comparative example is as follows: Figure 4 It can be seen that most of the TiC in the TiC / Ti60 titanium alloy composite material is distributed on the matrix in a large-scale irregular morphology, and the distribution uniformity is poor.

[0041] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that by adjusting the atomizing gas pressure, the precipitation of TiC inside the pre-alloyed powder can be effectively suppressed. As a result, during the additive manufacturing process, TiC is formed in situ at an ultra-fast cooling rate, and there is no TiC in the pre-alloyed powder as a nucleation particle, which causes a huge change in its size and morphology, thereby affecting its uniformity.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1, powder preparation: Add carbon element during the titanium raw material ratio process, and the mass of the added carbon element is 0.5% of the total mass of the titanium raw material and the carbon element, and then perform rotary electrode powder making. During the powder making process, adjust the electrode speed to 30000rpm to increase the powder cooling rate to ensure that the added carbon element is completely dissolved in the titanium matrix, and obtain a titanium pre-made powder with a particle size of 53μm to 150μm;

[0045] Step 2, preparation of composite materials: using the titanium preformed powder obtained in step 1 as raw material, LSF-Ⅶ laser stereo forming equipment is used for laser stereo forming additive manufacturing. First, the titanium substrate is fixed on the workbench of the LSF-Ⅶ laser stereo forming equipment, and then the titanium preformed powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material, and the moving spot is scanned in the XY horizontal plane of the substrate. During the process, the laser beam, powder raw material and substrate / deposited layer interact to form a tiny molten pool and overlap to form a single track. The single tracks are overlapped to obtain a single-layer solid sheet. The scanning process is repeated until multiple single-layer solid sheets are stacked layer by layer to form a TiC / Ti composite material solid block; during the laser stereo forming additive manufacturing process, argon with a mass purity of 99% is introduced to control the oxygen content in the manufacturing process to below 100 ppm, and the process parameters used in the laser stereo forming additive manufacturing are: laser power 300 W, spot diameter 1 mm, scanning speed 3 mm / s, and overlap rate 50%.

[0046] Figure 5 The SEM image of the Ti preformed powder prepared in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 It can be seen that the C element in the titanium preformed powder is completely dissolved and TiC is not generated. This shows that the present invention increases the powder cooling rate by regulating the electrode rotation speed during the rotating electrode powder making process, so that the carbon element powder has not yet precipitated in the form of TiC, but is all evenly distributed in the form of solid solution atoms inside the titanium preformed powder.

[0047] Figure 6 The SEM image of the TiC / Ti composite material prepared in this embodiment is as follows. Figure 6 It can be seen that the TiC / Ti composite material has high-density, uniformly dispersed TiC reinforcement phase particles with an average size of 650 nm, and has a good transition with the titanium matrix, indicating that the present invention uses an additive manufacturing process to allow the supersaturated solid solution of C element and Ti element to react in the molten pool to form a TiC reinforcement phase in situ.

[0048] Comparative Example 2

[0049] Step 1, powder preparation: Add carbon element during the titanium raw material ratio process, and the mass of the added carbon element is 0.5% of the total mass of the titanium raw material and the carbon element, and then perform rotary electrode powder making. During the powder making process, adjust the electrode speed to 30000rpm to increase the powder cooling rate to ensure that the added carbon element is completely dissolved in the titanium matrix, and obtain a titanium pre-made powder with a particle size of 53μm to 150μm;

[0050] Step 2: Use spark plasma sintering equipment to sinter the prefabricated powder obtained in step 1 into a cylindrical billet with a diameter of 42.0 mm and a height of 32.0 mm. Then preheat the cylindrical billet to 1000°C and maintain it for 180 seconds under an argon atmosphere. Then, use a hydraulic press to extrude it at an extrusion ratio of 37:1 to obtain a TiC / Ti composite material; the sintering temperature is 1000°C, the time is 1.8 ks, and the pressure is 30 MPa.

[0051] Figure 7 The SEM image of the TiC / Ti composite material prepared in this comparative example is as follows: Figure 7 It can be seen that the TiC reinforcement phase particles in the TiC / Ti composite material are distributed on the titanium matrix in the form of long strips with an average size of 10 μm, and there are obvious defects at the interface between the reinforcement phase and the matrix.

[0052] Comparing Example 2 with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the additive manufacturing method used in the present invention effectively promotes the in-situ reaction of supersaturated solid-dissolved C atoms and Ti atoms in the titanium preform powder, and the ultra-rapid solidification characteristics and strong convection in the molten pool ensure the uniformity of the size and distribution of TiC.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1, powder preparation: silicon is added during the proportioning process of the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy raw material, and the mass of the added silicon element is 3% of the total mass of the aluminum alloy raw material, and then atomization powder is performed. During the powder making process, the atomizing gas pressure is adjusted to 6.5 MPa to increase the powder cooling rate and ensure that the added silicon element is completely dissolved in the aluminum alloy matrix to obtain an aluminum alloy pre-made powder with a particle size of 10 μm to 53 μm;

[0056] Step 2, composite material preparation: The aluminum alloy prefabricated powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material, and AM250 Additive Metal equipment is used for selective laser melting additive manufacturing. First, the aluminum alloy substrate is fixed on the workbench of the AM250 Additive Metal selective laser melting equipment, and then the aluminum alloy prefabricated powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material, and the moving spot is scanned in the XY horizontal plane of the substrate. During the process, the laser beam, the powder raw material and the substrate / deposited layer interact to form a small molten pool and overlap to form a single track. The single tracks are overlapped to obtain a single-layer solid sheet. The scanning process is repeated until multiple single-layer solid sheets are stacked layer by layer to form an aluminum-based composite material solid block; during the selective laser melting additive manufacturing process, argon with a mass purity of 99% is introduced to control the oxygen content in the manufacturing process to below 100 ppm, and the process parameters used for the selective laser melting additive manufacturing are: laser power 170 W, spot diameter 0.1 mm, scanning speed 1500 mm / s, and overlap rate 45%.

[0057] Figure 8 This is the SEM image of the aluminum alloy prefabricated powder prepared in this embodiment. Figure 8 It can be seen that only a small grid-like Al-Si eutectic exists in the aluminum alloy preformed powder, but the content is less than the original ratio, and part of the Si element is dissolved in the matrix. This shows that the present invention increases the powder cooling rate by regulating the atomizing gas pressure during the gas atomization powder making process, so that the silicon element has not yet been completely precipitated in the form of a reinforcing phase, but is partially evenly distributed in the form of solid solution atoms inside the aluminum alloy preformed powder.

[0058] Figure 9 The SEM image of the aluminum matrix composite material prepared in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 9 It can be seen that in addition to the Al-Si eutectic, the aluminum-based composite material also has a Si precipitate phase with a high density, uniform distribution and an average size of 70 nm. The precipitate phase has a good transition with the aluminum alloy matrix.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent variation made to the above embodiment based on the essence of the invention technology shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, Powder Preparation: During the process of mixing the metal / alloy powder raw materials, a reaction element with a concentration far greater than its solid solubility is added, and then the powder is pulverized by gas atomization or rotary electrode. During the pulverization process, the cooling rate of the droplets solidifying to form the powder is increased by adjusting the process parameters or lowering the temperature of the pulverization cooling atmosphere. This allows the reaction element with a concentration far greater than its solid solubility to be dissolved in the metal / alloy matrix in the form of atoms, thereby obtaining a prefabricated powder containing supersaturated solid solution reaction atoms; the reaction element is required to have a solid solubility in the metal / alloy; Step 2. Preparation of composite materials: The prefabricated powder obtained in step 1 is used as raw material and formed by laser additive manufacturing method: first fix the substrate on the workbench of the additive manufacturing equipment, and then use the prefabricated powder as raw material, and move the light spot to scan in the XY horizontal plane. During the process, the laser beam, powder raw material and substrate / deposited layer interact to form a tiny molten pool and overlap to form a single track. The single tracks are overlapped to obtain a single-layer solid sheet. The scanning process is repeated until multiple single-layer solid sheets are stacked layer by layer to form a solid block. During the forming process, submicron or nanometer-scale reinforcement phases based on supersaturated solid solution elements are formed in situ inside the matrix, thereby obtaining a composite material with a high-density dispersed reinforcement phase.

2. The method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal / alloy powder is titanium alloy or aluminum alloy.

3. The method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the aerosol powder making process described in step 1, the cooling rate of the powder is increased by adjusting the atomizing gas pressure.

4. The method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the rotating electrode powder making process described in step 1, the cooling rate of the powder is increased by adjusting the electrode rotation speed.

5. The method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the reaction element added in step 1 is greater than the solid solubility of the metal / alloy matrix and the excess amount is not greater than 10 times the solid solubility, and the particle size of the prefabricated powder is 10μm~150μm.

6. The method for laser additive manufacturing of composite materials based on element super solid solution powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additive manufacturing method in step 2 is a laser stereo forming method or a selective laser melting method.

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