A wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector, which includes a circumferential through - electromagnetic magnetization device, a longitudinal opening - closing coil magnetization device, a wheel set lifting and rotating device, a cross - beam lifting device, an opening - closing double - magnetization coil, an electrode tightening device, and a wheel set running control device; the present invention uses the circumferential through - electromagnetic magnetization device and the longitudinal opening - closing coil magnetization device to generate a composite magnetic field, realizing the full - range flaw detection of the wheel set, meeting the needs of wheel set flaw detection, ensuring the flaw detection sensitivity of the axle body of the wheel set axle and the outer side of the wheel, thereby achieving the purpose of completing the multi - part flaw detection of the wheel set with one device; the present invention uses a series connection method of five groups of opening - closing double - magnetization coils to form a wheel set longitudinal magnetization device, realizing the overall longitudinal magnetization of the wheel set. The reasonable arrangement of the opening - closing double - magnetization coils on the cross - beam avoids the interference between the opening - closing double - magnetization coils and the driving device and braking device on the wheel set, etc., meeting the magnetic particle flaw detection requirements of different types of wheel sets with gearboxes and brake discs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector in the field of non-destructive testing, and this device is applicable to the fluorescent magnetic particle flaw detection operations of locomotive and vehicle wheel sets of passenger cars, freight cars, EMUs, high-speed rails, subways, etc. in the railway industry. Background Art

[0002] Magnetic particle flaw detection is a commonly used non-destructive testing method for detecting surface and near-surface crack defects of ferromagnetic material parts. When a ferromagnetic workpiece is placed in an external magnetic field, if there are cracks or defects on the surface and near-surface of the workpiece, a leakage magnetic field will be formed here, and the leakage magnetic field adsorbs the sprayed magnetic powder to form magnetic marks for detecting the defects on the surface of the workpiece.

[0003] A wheel set is the part of a locomotive and vehicle that contacts the rail, consisting of wheels, axles, etc. The locomotive wheel set also includes driving and braking parts. The function of the wheel set is to ensure the operation and steering of the locomotive and vehicle on the rail, bear all the static and dynamic loads from the locomotive and vehicle, transfer them to the rail, and transfer the loads generated by the unevenness of the line to each component of the locomotive and vehicle.

[0004] During the new manufacturing and overhaul processes of railway passenger cars, freight cars, EMUs, high-speed rails, subways, locomotives and vehicles, magnetic particle flaw detection needs to be carried out on the wheel sets during manufacturing and overhaul to detect the defects on the surface and shallow surface of the workpiece. To ensure the safety of railway locomotives and vehicles during operation, the requirements for magnetic particle detection are increasing with the improvement of the running safety of railway trains.

[0005] At present, there are more and more types of locomotives and vehicles such as railway passenger cars, freight cars, EMUs, high-speed rails, subways, etc. There are a wide variety of wheel sets that need to be detected by magnetic particle flaw detection, and the requirements for magnetic particle detection are also constantly increasing. Generally, the magnetization method of circumferential through-current magnetization and longitudinal coil combination is used for wheel set magnetic particle flaw detection. For different types of wheel sets, different magnetization coil distribution methods need to be adopted to avoid the driving and braking parts on different locomotive wheel sets, and a wide variety of equipment is required. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector, which uses a circumferential through-current magnetization device and a longitudinal opening and closing coil magnetization device to generate a composite magnetic field, realizing the omnidirectional flaw detection of the wheel set, meeting the needs of wheel set flaw detection, ensuring the flaw detection sensitivity of the axle body of the wheel set axle and the outer side of the wheel, and thus achieving the purpose of completing the flaw detection of multiple parts of the wheel set with one device. This device is applicable to the fluorescent magnetic particle flaw detection operations of locomotive and vehicle wheel sets of passenger cars, freight cars, EMUs, high-speed rails, subways, etc. in the railway industry.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector, which includes an electrical control system, a gantry, a liquid collection tank, a track and a liquid guide groove installed in a control cabinet; it is characterized by further including a circumferential through electromagnetic magnetization device, a longitudinal opening and closing coil magnetization device, a wheel set lifting and rotating device, a cross beam lifting device, an opening and closing double magnetization coil, an electrode pressing device, and a wheel set running control device;

[0008] The wheel set lifting and rotating devices are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gantry, and include: a rotating speed reducer, a coupling A, a transmission shaft, a support frame, a gear seat, a driving gear, a driven gear, a driven shaft, a support wheel, a lifting frame, a linear guide rail, a lead screw nut A, a lead screw A, a connecting seat, a coupling B, and a lifting speed reducer;

[0009] The circumferential through electromagnetic magnetization device is composed of electrode pressing devices symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gantry; the two groups of electrode pressing devices are respectively fixedly installed on the left and right support frames and lift together with the support frames;

[0010] The cross beam lifting device is installed on the gantry, and the cross beam lifting device is a symmetric structure with the power transmitted synchronously on both sides; it includes: a guide wheel, a cross beam, a lifting plate, a lead screw nut B, a lead screw B, a bearing seat A, a bearing A, a sprocket A, a chain A, a sprocket B, a rotating shaft, a bearing B, a bearing seat B, a chain B, a driving sprocket, a motor plate, and a lifting speed reducer;

[0011] The wheel set running control devices are symmetrically distributed inside the gantry and are fixedly installed on the track;

[0012] The longitudinal magnetization device is formed by connecting five groups of opening and closing double magnetization coils installed on the cross beam in series at the head and tail; the opening and closing double magnetization coil includes: left and right fixed coils, a left opening and closing coil, a right opening and closing coil, a fixed support, a coil opening and closing cylinder, a locking cylinder, and a tensioning arm; the opening and closing double magnetization coil is fixed on the cross beam through the fixed support and can lift together with the cross beam to adapt to the change of the center height of different wheel sets. When an alternating current is applied to the opening and closing double magnetization coil, a longitudinal magnetic field will be generated inside and around the opening and closing double magnetization coil to realize the overall longitudinal magnetization operation of the wheel set.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrode pressing device includes: a cylinder seat, a guide cylinder, a cylinder A, an electrode plate, a guide seat, and a conductive copper bar; the cylinder seat is installed on the support frame, the guide seat is fixedly connected to the cylinder seat with screw B, the guide cylinder is fixedly connected to the electrode plate with screw A, the left end of the cylinder A is connected to the cylinder seat, the right end is connected to the electrode plate, and the electrode plate is provided with a conductive copper bar.

[0014] Furthermore, both the connecting seat and the linear guide rail are fixed on the gantry. The lifting speed reducer is installed on the connecting seat. The coupling B connects the output shaft of the lifting speed reducer and the lead screw A. The nut A is connected to the lifting frame, and the lifting frame is connected to the linear guide rail. The lifting frame is provided with a support frame. The rotating speed reducer and the gear seat are both fixedly installed on the support frame. The output shaft of the rotating speed reducer is connected to the left end of the transmission shaft through the coupling A, and the right end of the transmission shaft is connected to the gear seat. A driving gear is provided on the transmission shaft. The driven shaft is installed on the gear seat. The supporting wheel and the driven gear are fixedly connected to the driven shaft. The supporting wheel will lift the wheel set to move upward together.

[0015] Furthermore, the lifting speed reducer is fixedly connected to the gantry through the electrode plate. The driving sprocket is installed on the output shaft of the lifting speed reducer. The bearing seat B is installed on the gantry. A bearing B is placed on the bearing seat B. The rotating shaft is connected to the bearing B. A sprocket B is provided on the rotating shaft. The bearing seat A is also installed on the gantry. The bearing A is installed inside the bearing seat A. The bearing A is connected to the lead screw B. A sprocket A and a nut B are provided on the lead screw B. The nut B is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. Both ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected to the left and right lifting plates respectively. Guide wheels are installed at both ends of the cross beam.

[0016] Furthermore, a fixed coil connecting plate, a coil opening and closing cylinder, a locking cylinder and a support shaft are provided on the fixed support. The left and right fixed coils are fixed on the fixed coil connecting plate. The left and right fixed coils are respectively provided with an incoming line copper row and an outgoing line copper row. The locking cylinder is connected to the tensioning arm. The tensioning arm is connected to the bidirectional screw. The locking nut is fixedly installed on the left and right fixed coils through the screw C. The left opening and closing coil and the right opening and closing coil are fixed on the opening and closing coil connecting plate through the bolt C and are insulated. The coil opening and closing cylinder is connected to the opening and closing coil connecting plate. The front ends of the left and right fixed coils are respectively connected to the left opening and closing coil and the right opening and closing coil through the left flexible connection copper row and the right flexible connection copper row. The ends of the left and right fixed coils respectively press the left opening and closing coil and the right opening and closing coil through the tensioning arm, the bidirectional screw and the locking nut.

[0017] Furthermore, the wheel set running control device includes: mounting seat A, ear seat A, bolt A, cylinder B, rod joint A, pin shaft A, positioning wheel, fixed shaft A, swing arm, fixed shaft B, pin shaft B, swing bar, rod joint B, pushing wheel, cylinder C, bolt B, ear seat B and mounting seat B; the mounting seat A is mounted on the track through the bolt A; the ear seat A and the fixed shaft A are mounted on the mounting seat A; the tail of the cylinder B is connected to the ear seat A, and the piston rod of the cylinder B is connected to the swing arm through the rod joint A and the pin shaft A, the positioning wheel is fixedly mounted on the swing arm, and the swing arm is mounted on the fixed shaft A; the swing arm swings around the fixed shaft A under the action of the cylinder B; the mounting seat B is mounted on the track through the bolt B, the ear seat B and the fixed shaft B are mounted on the mounting seat B, the tail of the cylinder C is connected to the ear seat B, and the piston rod of the cylinder C is connected to the swing bar through the rod joint B and the pin shaft B; the pushing wheel is mounted on the swing bar, the swing bar is connected to the fixed shaft B, and the swing bar rotates around the fixed shaft B under the action of the cylinder C.

[0018] Furthermore, liquid guide grooves are symmetrically distributed inside the gantry, and a liquid collection tank is arranged below the track. The three form a magnetic suspension liquid recovery system, ensuring that the magnetic suspension liquid at both ends of the wheel set journal will flow into the liquid collection tank along the liquid guide grooves and the magnetic suspension liquid on the wheel set axle body will directly flow into the liquid collection tank, realizing the recovery and utilization of the magnetic suspension liquid.

[0019] The structural features of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. The pneumatic drive wheel set running control device 10 is adopted to realize the positioning and pushing out of the wheel set;

[0021] 2. The linear guide rail is adopted for guiding, and the reducer 2.1 drives the lead screw to rotate, adopting the screw transmission mode to realize the lifting of the wheel set;

[0022] 3. The support wheels 2.9 are adopted to support both ends of the wheel set journal to realize the support of the wheel set;

[0023] 4. The reducer 2.1 drives the gear transmission to drive the support wheels 2.9 to rotate to realize the rotation of the wheel set;

[0024] 5. The reducer 2.1 drives the lead screw and nut screw transmission mode to drive the cross beam 4.2 and the opening and closing double magnetization coil 6 fixed on the cross beam to lift, realizing the lifting of the opening and closing double magnetization coil;

[0025] 6. The pneumatic drive opening and closing coil fixing plate 6.12 rotates to drive the opening and closing double magnetization coil 6 to open and close, realizing the opening and closing of the opening and closing double magnetization coil 6;

[0026] 7. The pneumatic drive tensioning arm 6.8 rotates to lock the nut 6.15 to press the contacts of the opening and closing double magnetization coil 6, realizing the pressing of the contacts of the opening and closing double magnetization coil;

[0027] 8. The pneumatic drive is adopted to slide the guide cylinder 9.2 to drive the electrode disc 9.5 to expand and contract, so as to realize the tightening of the wheel pairs by the electrodes at both ends.

[0028] 9. An electrical control system with a PLC as the core is adopted to realize the automatic control of each action of the magnetic particle flaw detection of the equipment.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The main machine of the present invention adopts a gantry symmetric main body structure. The main machine straddles the existing railway track. The wheel pair can roll along the track to the flaw detection station, and the wheel pair is automatically pushed out after flaw detection, thus realizing the need for automatic through-type wheel pair flaw detection.

[0031] 2. The present invention adopts a circumferential through electromagnetic magnetization device and a longitudinal opening and closing coil magnetization device to generate a composite magnetic field, realizing the all-round flaw detection of the wheel pair, meeting the need for wheel pair flaw detection, ensuring the flaw detection sensitivity of the axle body of the wheel pair axle and the outer side of the wheel, and thus achieving the purpose of completing the multi-site flaw detection of the wheel pair with one device.

[0032] 3. The present invention adopts a wheel pair lifting and rotating device. The support wheels at both ends of the equipment support the two ends of the wheel pair shaft neck to realize the support of the wheel pair. The wheel pair is horizontally placed on the support wheels at both ends. The reduction gear drives the gear to drive the support wheel to rotate, and the frictional force generated by the rotation of the support wheel drives the wheel pair to rotate, adapting to the magnetic particle flaw detection of wheel pairs and wheel axles of various vehicle types and different lengths.

[0033] 4. The present invention adopts a wheel pair lifting and rotating device to realize the lifting of the wheel pair by the way of guiding through a linear guide rail and driving the support wheel to lift through a lead screw transmission, with stable and reliable operation.

[0034] 5. The present invention adopts a series connection mode of five groups of opening and closing double magnetization coils to form a wheel pair longitudinal magnetization device, realizing the overall longitudinal magnetization of the wheel pair. The reasonable arrangement of the opening and closing double magnetization coils on the cross beam avoids the interference between the opening and closing double magnetization coils and the driving device and braking device on the wheel pair, etc., meeting the magnetic particle flaw detection requirements of wheel pairs with gearboxes and brake discs of different models.

[0035] 6. The present invention adopts a PLC program controller to realize the actions such as wheel pair positioning, wheel pair lifting, opening and closing of the opening and closing double magnetization coils, lifting of the lifting frame, pressing of the contacts of the opening and closing double magnetization coils, electrode tightening, spraying, magnetization, rotation and observation, demagnetization, loading and unloading of the wheel pair, etc. during the flaw detection process, improving the automation degree of the equipment, reducing the human factors causing missed detection, facilitating the flaw detection operation, and improving the reliability of flaw detection.

[0036] 7. The PLC program controller of the present invention adopts a thyristor voltage regulating module to regulate the magnetization current. The magnetization current is controlled by the thyristor voltage regulating module, and the current magnitude can be set through a potentiometer according to the flaw detection requirements to meet the flaw detection requirements of different models of wheel pairs. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 is the present invention Figure 1 left view sectional schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the wheel set lifting and rotating device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the crossbeam lifting device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the electrode tightening device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the wheel set running control device of the present invention in the figure;

[0043] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the openable double magnetization coil of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 is the present invention Figure 7 right view schematic diagram;

[0045] Explanation of the reference numerals in the attached drawings:

[0046] Control cabinet 1;

[0047] Wheel set lifting and rotating device 2;

[0048] Rotating reduction gear 2.1, coupling A 2.2, transmission shaft 2.3, support frame 2.4, gear seat 2.5,

[0049] Driving gear 2.6, driven gear 2.7, driven shaft 2.8, support wheel 2.9, lifting frame 2.10, linear guide 2.11, lead screw nut A 2.12, lead screw A 2.13, connecting seat 2.14, coupling B 2.15, lifting reduction gear 2.16;

[0050] Gantry 3;

[0051] Crossbeam lifting device 4;

[0052] Guide wheel 4.1, crossbeam 4.2, lifting plate 4.3, lead screw nut B 4.4, lead screw B 4.5, bearing seat A 4.6, bearing A 4.7, sprocket A 4.8, chain A 4.9, sprocket B 4.10, rotating shaft 4.11, bearing B 4.12, bearing seat B 4.13, chain B 4.14, driving sprocket 4.15, motor plate 4.16, lifting reduction gear 4.17;

[0053] Liquid collecting tank 5;

[0054] Openable double magnetization coil 6;

[0055] Fixed support 6.1, coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2, fixed coil connecting plate 6.3, incoming line copper bar 6.4, outgoing line copper bar 6.5, locking cylinder 6.6, left and right fixed coils 6.7, tension arm 6.8, screw C 6.9, bolt C 6.10, opening and closing coil rotating shaft 6.11, opening and closing coil fixing plate 6.12, left opening and closing coil 6.13, left flexible connection copper bar 6.14, locking nut 6.15, bidirectional screw 6.16, right opening and closing coil 6.17, right flexible connection copper bar 6.18;

[0056] Track 7;

[0057] Liquid guide groove 8;

[0058] Electrode pressing device 9;

[0059] Cylinder seat 9.1, guide cylinder 9.2, cylinder A 9.3, screw A 9.4, electrode plate 9.5, guide seat 9.6, screw B 9.7, conductive copper bar 9.8;

[0060] Axle set running control device 10;

[0061] Mounting seat A 10.1, ear seat A 10.2, bolt A 10.3, cylinder B 10.4, rod joint A 10.5, pin shaft A 10.6, positioning wheel 10.7, fixed shaft A 10.8, rotating arm 10.9, fixed shaft B 10.10, pin shaft B 10.11, swing arm 10.12, rod joint B 10.13, pushing wheel 10.14, cylinder C 10.15, bolt B 10.16, ear seat B 10.17, mounting seat B 10.18. Specific implementation mode

[0062] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, a kind of axle set magnetic particle flaw detector adopts a gantry symmetric structure. It mainly includes a circumferential through - electromagnetic magnetization device, a longitudinal opening and closing coil magnetization device, a control cabinet 1, an axle set lifting and rotating device 2, a gantry 3, a cross - beam lifting device 4, a liquid collection tank 5, an openable double magnetization coil 6, a track 7, a liquid guide groove 8, an electrode pressing device 9, an axle set running control device 10, etc.

[0063] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the wheel set lifting and rotating device 2 is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gantry 3. Its structure includes: a rotating speed reducer 2.1, a coupling A 2.2, a transmission shaft 2.3, a support frame 2.4, a gear seat 2.5, a driving gear 2.6, a driven gear 2.7, a driven shaft 2.8, a support wheel 2.9, a lifting frame 2.10, a linear guide rail 2.11, a lead screw nut A 2.12, a lead screw A 2.13, a connecting seat 2.14, a coupling B 2.15, a lifting speed reducer 2.16, etc. The connecting seat 2.14 and the linear guide rail 2.11 are both fixed on the gantry 3; the lifting speed reducer 2.16 is installed on the connecting seat 2.14; the coupling B 2.15 connects the output shaft of the lifting speed reducer 2.16 and the lead screw A 2.13; the lead screw nut A 2.12 is connected to the lifting frame 2.10; the lifting frame 2.10 is connected to the linear guide rail 2.11; the lifting frame 2.10 is provided with a support frame 2.4; the rotating speed reducer 2.1 and the gear seat 2.5 are both fixedly installed on the support frame 2.4; the output shaft of the rotating speed reducer 2.1 is connected to the left end of the transmission shaft 2.3 through the coupling A 2.2; the right end of the transmission shaft 2.3 is connected to the gear seat 2.5; the driving gear 2.6 is provided on the transmission shaft 2.3; the driven shaft 2.8 is installed on the gear seat 2.5; the support wheel 2.9 and the driven gear 2.7 are fixedly connected to the driven shaft 2.3. When the lifting speed reducer 2.16 is powered on, the lifting speed reducer 2.16 transmits the power through the coupling B 2.15 and the lead screw A 12 to the lead screw nut A 2.13, and the lead screw nut A 2.13 drives the lifting frame 2.10, the support frame 2.4, and the gear seat 2.5 installed on the lifting frame 2.4 to rise together. The support wheel 2.9 will support the wheel set to rise together. When the lifting speed reducer 2.16 is powered off, the lifting of the wheel set stops, and the rising operation of the wheel set is completed. When the rotating speed reducer 2.1 is powered on, the rotating speed reducer 2.1 transmits the power through the coupling A 2.2, the transmission shaft 2.3, the driving gear 2.6, the driven gear 2.7, and the driven shaft 2.8 to the support wheel 2.9. The support wheel 2.9 rotates, and friction drives the wheel set placed on the support wheel 2.9 to rotate. When the rotating speed reducer 2.1 is powered off, the rotation of the wheel set stops, and the rotation operation of the wheel set is completed.

[0064] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the crossbeam lifting device 4 is installed on the gantry 3. The crossbeam lifting device 4 is of a symmetrical structure, and the power is transmitted synchronously on both sides. Its structural components include: guide wheels 4.1, crossbeam 4.2, lifting plate 4.3, nut B 4.4, lead screw B 4.5, bearing block A 4.6, bearing A 4.7, sprocket A 4.8, chain A 4.9, sprocket B 4.10, rotating shaft 4.11, bearing B 4.12, bearing block B 4.13, chain B 4.14, driving sprocket 4.15, motor plate 4.16, lifting speed reducer 4.17, etc. The lifting speed reducer 4.17 is fixedly connected to the gantry 3 through the electrode plate 4.16; the driving sprocket 4.15 is installed on the output shaft of the lifting speed reducer 4.17; the bearing block B 4.12 is installed on the gantry 3, the bearing B 4.12 is placed on the bearing block B 4.13, the rotating shaft 4.11 is connected to the bearing B 4.12, and the sprocket B 4.10 is provided on the rotating shaft 4.11; the bearing block A 4.6 is also installed on the gantry 3; the bearing A 4.7 is installed inside the bearing block A 4.6; the bearing A 4.7 is connected to the lead screw B 4.5; the lead screw B 4.5 is provided with the sprocket A 4.8 and the nut B 4.4, and the nut B 4.4 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 4.3; both ends of the crossbeam 4.2 are fixedly connected to the lifting plates 4.3 on the left and right sides respectively; guide wheels 4.1 are installed at both ends of the crossbeam 4.2. When the lifting speed reducer 4.17 is powered on, the power will be transmitted to both sides simultaneously. The driving sprocket 4.15 on the speed reducer 4.17 transmits the power to the chain B 4.14, sprocket B 4.10, chain A 4.9, sprocket A 4.8, lead screw B 4.5 and nut B 4.4 in sequence. The nut B 4.4 drives the lifting plate 4.3 and the crossbeam 4.2 to lift and lower together. When the lifting speed reducer 4.17 is powered off, the crossbeam 4.2 stops lifting and lowering and completes the lifting operation of the crossbeam 4.2.

[0065] The longitudinal magnetization device is composed of five groups of openable double magnetization coils 6 installed on the crossbeam 4.2 and connected in series end to end. The openable double magnetization coils 6 are fixed on the crossbeam 4.2 through the fixed supports 6.1, and can lift and lower together with the crossbeam 4.2 to adapt to the change of the center height of different wheel sets. When alternating current is applied to the openable double magnetization coils 6, a longitudinal magnetic field will be generated inside and around the openable double magnetization coils 6, realizing the overall longitudinal magnetization operation of the wheel set.

[0066] As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the circumferential electromagnetic magnetization device is composed of electrode tightening devices 9 symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gantry 3. The two groups of electrode tightening devices 9 are respectively fixedly installed on the left and right support frames 2.4 and lift together with the support frames 2.4. The electrode tightening device 9 includes: cylinder seat 9.1, guide cylinder 9.2, cylinder A 9.3, screw A 9.4, electrode plate 9.5, guide seat 9.6, screw B 9.7, conductive copper bar 9.8, etc. The cylinder seat 9.1 is installed on the support frame 2.4, the guide seat 9.6 is fixedly connected to the cylinder seat 9.1 with screw B 9.7, the guide cylinder 9.2 is fixedly connected to the electrode plate 9.5 with screw A 9.4, the left end of the cylinder A 9.3 is connected to the cylinder seat 9.1, and the right end is connected to the electrode plate 9.5. The electrode plate 9.5 is provided with a conductive copper bar 9.8. When the piston rods of the cylinders A 9.3 on the two sides of the electrode tightening device 9 extend, they drive the guide cylinder 9.2 to drive the electrode plate 9.5 and the conductive copper bar 9.8 installed on the guide cylinder 9.2 to extend and tighten the axle end of the wheel set. By connecting alternating current to the conductive copper bars 9.8 on both sides, an alternating circumferential magnetic field will be generated around the wheel set, realizing the overall circumferential magnetization of the wheel set.

[0067] As Figure 7 , Figure 8 shown, the structural composition of the opening and closing double magnetization coil 6 includes: left and right fixed coils 6.7, left opening and closing coil 6.13, right opening and closing coil 6.17, fixed support 6.1, coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2, locking cylinder 6.6, and tensioning arm 6.8. The fixed support 6.1 is provided with a fixed coil connecting plate 6.3, coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2, locking cylinder 6.6, and support shaft 6.11. The left and right fixed coils 6.7 are fixed on the fixed coil connecting plate 6.3. The left and right fixed coils 6.7 are respectively provided with an incoming line copper bar 6.4 and an outgoing line copper bar 6.5. The locking cylinder 6.6 is connected to the tensioning arm 6.8, the tensioning arm 6.8 is connected to the bidirectional screw 6.16, and the locking nut 6.15 is fixedly installed on the left and right fixed coils 6.7 through screw C 6.9. The left opening and closing coil 6.13 and the right opening and closing coil 6.17 are fixed on the opening and closing coil connecting plate 6.12 through bolt C 6.10 and are insulated. The coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2 is connected to the left opening and closing coil connecting plate 6.12. The front ends of the left and right fixed coils 6.7 are respectively connected to the left opening and closing coil 6.13 and the right opening and closing coil 6.17 through the left flexible connection copper bar 6.14 and the right flexible connection copper bar 6.18; the ends of the left and right fixed coils 6.7 respectively press the left opening and closing coil 6.13 and the right opening and closing coil 6.17 through the tensioning arm 6.8, bidirectional screw 6.16, and locking nut 6.15.

[0068] When a workpiece to be inspected needs to enter the magnetization coil, the coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2 retracts, driving the opening and closing coil fixing plate 6.12, left opening and closing coil 6.13, and right opening and closing coil 6.17 to rotate around the support shaft 6.11 to open the left opening and closing coil 6.13 and the right opening and closing coil 6.17.

[0069] When the workpiece is placed in the left opening and closing coil 6.13 and the right opening and closing coil 6.17 for part magnetization: the coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2 is pushed out, driving the opening and closing coil fixing plate 6.12, the left opening and closing coil 6.13, and the right opening and closing coil 6.17 to rotate around the support shaft 6.11 to close the magnetization coil. After the magnetization coil is closed, the locking cylinder 6.6 contracts, pulling the rotating shaft 6.16 to drive the bidirectional screw 6.16 to rotate through the tensioning arm 6.8; the locking nuts 6.15 are fixedly installed on the left and right fixed coils 6.7. When the locking cylinder 6.6 contracts to drive the bidirectional screw 6.16 to rotate, the locking nuts 6.15 press the left opening and closing coil 6.13 and the right opening and closing coil 6.17 from both the left and right sides respectively, achieving reliable pressing of the contacts at the opening and closing coils.

[0070] As Figure 6 shown, the wheel set running control devices 10 are symmetrically distributed inside the main machine and fixedly installed on the track 7. The structure of the wheel set running control device 10 includes: mounting seat A 10.1, ear seat A 10.2, bolt A 10.3, cylinder B 10.4, rod joint A 10.5, pin shaft A 10.6, positioning wheel 10.7, fixed shaft A 10.8, rotating arm 10.9, fixed shaft B 10.10, pin shaft B 10.11, swing arm 10.12, rod joint B 10.13, push wheel 10.14, cylinder C 10.15, bolt B 10.16, ear seat B 10.17, and mounting seat B 10.18, etc. The mounting seat A 10.1 is installed on the track 7 through the bolt A 10.3; the ear seat A 10.2 and the fixed shaft A 10.8 are installed on the mounting seat A 10.1; the tail of the cylinder B 10.4 is connected to the ear seat 10.2, and the piston rod of the cylinder B 10.4 is connected to the rotating arm 10.9 through the rod joint A 10.5 and the pin shaft A 10.6. The positioning wheel 10.7 is fixedly installed on the rotating arm 10.9, and the rotating arm 10.9 is installed on the fixed shaft A 10.8; the rotating arm 10.9 swings around the fixed shaft A 10.8 under the action of the cylinder B 10.4. The mounting seat B 10.18 is installed on the track 7 through the bolt B 10.16, the ear seat B 10.17 and the fixed shaft B 10.10 are installed on the mounting seat B 10.18, the tail of the cylinder C 10.15 is connected to the ear seat B 10.17, and the piston rod of the cylinder C 10.15 is connected to the swing arm 10.12 through the rod joint B 10.16 and the pin shaft B 10.11. The push wheel 10.14 is installed on the swing arm 10.12, the swing arm 10.12 is connected to the fixed shaft B 10.10, and the swing arm 10.12 rotates around the fixed shaft B 10.10 under the action of the cylinder C 10.15.

[0071] When the wheelset is pushed into the equipment manually along the track 7, the cylinder B10.4 retracts, driving the rotating arm 10.9 and the positioning wheel 10.7 installed on the rotating arm 10.9 to rise, and the rolling wheelset stops after touching the positioning wheel 10.7. At this time, the piston rod of the cylinder C10.15 extends to drive the swing arm 10.12 to rotate, and the push wheel 10.14 installed on the swing arm 10.12 rises and supports the wheelset. Under the action of the positioning wheel 10.7 and the push wheel 10.14, the positioning and clamping of the wheelset are realized. The lifting reducer 2.16 on the wheelset lifting and rotating device 2 works, the supporting wheel 2.4 drives the wheelset to rise and leave the track 7, the cylinder B10.4 and the cylinder C10.15 are reset, the positioning wheel 10.7 and the push wheel 10.14 are lowered to the initial position, and the flaw detection operation is completed; the lifting reducer 2.16 on the wheelset lifting and rotating device 2 works, the supporting wheel 2.4 drives the wheelset to descend to the track 7, the piston rod of the cylinder C10.15 extends, driving the swing arm 10.12 and the push wheel 10.14 to swing, and the wheelset exits the main machine under the push of the push wheel 10.14, realizing the automatic material withdrawal function of the wheelset.

[0072] In addition, liquid guide grooves 8 are symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the gantry 3, and a liquid collecting box 5 is provided under the track 7. The three constitute a magnetic suspension recovery system, which ensures that the magnetic suspension of the axle necks at both ends of the wheelset will flow into the liquid collecting box 5 along the liquid guide grooves 8 and the magnetic suspension of the wheelset axle body will directly flow into the liquid collecting box 5, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of the magnetic suspension.

[0073] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0074] Start the stirring pump, and the stirring pipeline in the magnetic suspension liquid tank starts to stir the magnetic suspension liquid, so that the magnetic powder is fully dispersed into the carrier liquid; the positioning wheel 10.7 on the wheel set running control device 10 rises. After the wheel set is manually pushed along the track 7 to touch the positioning wheel 10.7, the pushing wheel 10.14 on the wheel set running control device rises and clamps the wheel set, and the wheel set is positioned and clamped; the lifting and reducing gears 2.16 at both the left and right ends of the wheel set lifting and rotating device start synchronously, and the supporting wheels 2.9 and the electrode pressing device 9 installed on the wheel set lifting and rotating device 2 rise together. After the supporting wheels 2.9 at both the left and right ends support the wheel set to the specified position during the lifting process, the lifting and reducing gear 2.16 is powered off and stops, and the wheel set stops rising and keeps the height unchanged; the positioning wheel 10.7 and the pushing wheel 10.14 on the wheel set running control device 10 reset and descend to the original position; the locking cylinder 6.6 on the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 retracts, driving the tensioning arm 6.8 to rotate the bidirectional screw 6.16, and the locking nut 6.15 loosens the left and right fixed coils 6.7. The contacts of the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 are released, and the coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2 retracts, driving the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 to rotate around the support shaft 6.11 and open; the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 is in an open state, the lifting and reducing gear 4.17 starts, and drives the lifting plate 4.3, the cross beam 4.2 and the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 installed on the cross beam to descend together through the driving sprocket 4.15, the chain B 4.14, the sprocket B 4.10, the chain A 4.9, the sprocket A 4.8, the lead screw B 4.5 and the nut B 4.5. When the center of the opening and closing type double magnetization coil coincides with the center of the wheel set, the lifting and reducing gear 4.17 stops, the coil opening and closing cylinder 6.2 on the opening and closing type double magnetization coil extends, and the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 rotate around the support shaft 6.11 and close; the locking cylinder 6.6 extends, driving the tensioning arm 6.8 to rotate the bidirectional screw 6.16, and the locking nut 6.15 presses the left and right fixed coils 6.7, and the contacts of the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 are locked, and the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 is in an overall closed state; the rotating and reducing gear 2.1 on the wheel set lifting and rotating device 2 starts, and the power passes through the coupling A 2.2, the transmission shaft 2.3, and the gear transmission to drive the supporting wheel 2.9 on the driven shaft 2.8 to rotate, and the supporting wheel 2.9 drives the whole wheel set to rotate; at the same time, the spraying pump starts and automatically stops after completing the spraying operation on all the surfaces of the whole wheel set; the rotating and reducing gear 2.1 stops, and the wheel set stops rotating; the piston rod of the cylinder A 9.3 on the electrode pressing device 9 extends, driving the conductive copper bar 9.8 to move forward and press against the end face of the wheel axle of the wheel set; the control system alternately supplies magnetization current to the conductive copper bar 9.8 on the electrode pressing device 9 and the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 at the same time, and an alternating circumferential magnetic field and longitudinal magnetic field will be formed on the surface of the wheel set, so that the whole wheel set can be magnetized at one time; the control system automatically stops supplying power to the conductive copper bar 9.8. The magnetizing current is passed through the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6, and the magnetization operation ends; the air cylinder A9.3 on the electrode pressing device 9 resets to drive the conductive copper bar 9.8 to separate from the end face of the wheel pair axle; the rotating speed reducer 2.1 is started again, and the driving support wheel 2.9 drives the wheel pair to rotate; the operator holds the ultraviolet lamp to observe all the flaw detection surfaces of the wheel pair and makes records; after the recording ends, the rotating speed reducer 2.1 stops and the wheel pair stops rotating; the locking air cylinder 6.6 on the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 retracts, driving the tensioning arm 6.8 to rotate the bidirectional screw 6.16, and the locking nut 6.15 loosens the left and right fixed coils 6.7, and the contacts of the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 are released. The coil opening and closing air cylinder 6.2 retracts, driving the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 to rotate around the support shaft 6.11 and open; the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 is in an open state; the lifting speed reducer 4.17 is started again, and drives the lifting plate 4.3, the cross beam 4.2 and the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 installed on the cross beam to rise to the original position through the driving sprocket 4.15, the chain B4.14, the sprocket B4.10, the chain A4.9, the sprocket A4.8, the lead screw B4.5 and the nut B4.4. The lifting speed reducer 4.17 stops; the coil opening and closing air cylinder 6.2 on the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 extends, and the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 rotate around the support shaft 6.11 and close; the locking air cylinder 6.6 extends, driving the tensioning arm 6.8 to rotate the bidirectional screw 6.16, driving the locking nut 6.15 to press the left and right fixed coils 6.7, and the contacts of the left opening coil 6.13 and the right opening coil 6.17 are locked, and the opening and closing type double magnetization coil 6 is in an overall closed state; the lifting and lowering speed reducer 2.16 is started again, and the support wheel 2.9 and the electrode pressing device 9 installed on the wheel pair lifting and rotating device 2 descend together, and the wheel pair follows the support wheel 2.9 to descend together. The support wheel 2.9 descends to the original position, and the lifting and lowering speed reducer 2.16 stops rotating; when the wheel pair touches the track 7, it automatically stops descending. The piston rod of the air cylinder 10.15C on the wheel pair running control device 10 extends, pushing the swing arm 10.12 to drive the push wheel 10.14 to push the wheel pair out of the main machine. After the blanking operation is completed, it resets. The system shuts down the mixing pump, and the wheel pair flaw detection operation ends.

Claims

1. A wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector, comprising an electrical control system, a gantry (3), a liquid collection tank (5), a track (7) and a liquid guide groove (8) installed in a control cabinet (1); characterized in that It also includes a circumferential electromagnetic magnetization device, a longitudinal opening and closing coil magnetization device, a wheel set lifting and rotating device (2), a cross beam lifting device (4), an opening and closing double magnetization coil (6), an electrode pressing device (9), and a wheel set running control device (10); The wheel set lifting and rotating device (2) is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gantry (3), and includes: a rotating speed reducer (2.1), a coupling A (2.2), a transmission shaft (2.3), a support frame (2.4), a gear seat (2.5), a driving gear (2.6), a driven gear (2.7), a driven shaft (2.8), a support wheel (2.9), a lifting frame (2.10), a linear guide (2.11), a nut A (2.12), a lead screw A (2.13), a connecting seat (2.14), a coupling B (2.15), and a lifting speed reducer (2.16); Among them, the connecting seat (2.14) and the linear guide (2.11) are both fixed on the gantry (3), the lifting speed reducer (2.16) is installed on the connecting seat (2.14), the coupling B (2.15) connects the output shaft of the lifting speed reducer (2.16) and the lead screw A (2.13), the nut A (2.12) is connected to the lifting frame (2.10), the lifting frame (2.10) is connected to the linear guide (2.11), the lifting frame (2.10) is provided with a support frame (2.4), the rotating speed reducer (2.1) and the gear seat (2.5) are both fixedly installed on the support frame (2.4), the output shaft of the rotating speed reducer (2.1) is connected to the left end of the transmission shaft (2.3) through the coupling A (2.2), and the right end of the transmission shaft (2.3) is connected to the gear seat (2.5); a driving gear (2.6) is provided on the transmission shaft (2.3), the driven shaft (2.8) is installed on the gear seat (2.5), the support wheel (2.9) and the driven gear (2.7) are fixedly connected to the driven shaft (2.8), and the support wheel (2.9) will support the wheel set to move upward together; The circumferential electromagnetic magnetization device is composed of electrode pressing devices (9) symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the gantry (3); the two groups of electrode pressing devices (9) are respectively fixedly installed on the left and right support frames (2.4) and lift together with the support frames (2.4); The cross beam lifting device (4) is installed on the gantry (3), the cross beam lifting device (4) is of a symmetric structure, and the power is transmitted synchronously on both sides; it includes: a guide wheel (4.1), a cross beam (4.2), a lifting plate (4.3), a nut B (4.4), a lead screw B (4.5), a bearing seat A (4.6), a bearing A (4.7), a sprocket A (4.8), a chain A (4.9), a sprocket B (4.10), a rotating shaft (4.11), a bearing B (4.12), a bearing seat B (4.13), a chain B (4.14), a driving sprocket (4.15), a motor plate (4.16), and a lifting speed reducer (4.17); The wheel set running control device (10) is symmetrically distributed inside the gantry (3) and is fixedly installed on the track (7); The longitudinal magnetization device is formed by connecting five sets of opening and closing double magnetization coils (6) installed on the cross beam (4.2) in series from head to tail; the opening and closing double magnetization coils (6) include: left and right fixed coils (6.7), left opening and closing coil (6.13), right opening and closing coil (6.17), fixed support (6.1), coil opening and closing cylinder (6.2), locking cylinder (6.6) and tension arm (6.8); Among them, a fixed coil connecting plate (6.3), a coil opening and closing cylinder (6.2), a locking cylinder (6.6) and a support shaft (6.11) are provided on the fixed support (6.1); the left and right fixed coils (6.7) are fixed on the fixed coil connecting plate (6.3), an incoming line copper row (6.4) and an outgoing line copper row (6.5) are respectively provided on the left and right fixed coils (6.7), the locking cylinder (6.6) is connected with the tension arm (6.8), the tension arm (6.8) is connected with a bidirectional screw rod (6.16), a locking nut (6.15) is fixedly installed on the left and right fixed coils (6.7) through a screw C (6.9), the left opening and closing coil (6.13) and the right opening and closing coil (6.17) are fixed on an opening and closing coil connecting plate (6.12) through a bolt C (6.10) and are insulated, the coil opening and closing cylinder (6.2) is connected with the opening and closing coil connecting plate (6.12), the front ends of the left and right fixed coils (6.7) are respectively connected with the left opening and closing coil (6.13) and the right opening and closing coil (6.17) through a left flexible connection copper row (6.14) and a right flexible connection copper row (6.18); the ends of the left and right fixed coils (6.7) respectively press the left opening and closing coil (6.13) and the right opening and closing coil (6.17) through the tension arm (6.8), the bidirectional screw rod (6.16) and the locking nut (6.15); The opening and closing double magnetization coils (6) are fixed on the cross beam (4.2) through the fixed support (6.1), and rise and fall together with the cross beam (4.2) to adapt to the change of the center height of different wheel sets. When alternating current is passed into the opening and closing double magnetization coils (6), a longitudinal magnetic field will be generated inside and around the opening and closing double magnetization coils (6) to realize the overall longitudinal magnetization operation of the wheel set.

2. The wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrode pressing device (9) includes: a cylinder seat (9.1), a guide cylinder (9.2), a cylinder A (9.3), an electrode plate (9.5), a guide seat (9.6), a conductive copper row (9.8); the cylinder seat (9.1) is installed on the support frame (2.4), the guide seat (9.6) is fixedly connected with the cylinder seat (9.1) by a screw B (9.7), the guide cylinder (9.2) is fixedly connected with the electrode plate (9.5) by a screw A (9.4), the left end of the cylinder A (9.3) is connected with the cylinder seat (9.1), the right end is connected with the electrode plate (9.5), and a conductive copper row (9.8) is provided on the electrode plate (9.5).

3. The wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that The lifting speed reducer (4.17) is fixedly connected to the gantry (3) through the motor plate (4.16); the driving sprocket (4.15) is installed on the output shaft of the lifting speed reducer (4.17); the bearing block B (4.13) is installed on the gantry (3), the bearing B (4.12) is placed on the bearing block B (4.13), the rotating shaft (4.11) is connected to the bearing B (4.12), and the sprocket B (4.10) is provided on the rotating shaft (4.11); the bearing block A (4.6) is also installed on the gantry (3); the bearing A (4.7) is installed inside the bearing block A (4.6); the bearing A (4.7) is connected to the lead screw B (4.5); the sprocket A (4.8) and the nut B (4.4) are provided on the lead screw B (4.5), and the nut B (4.4) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (4.3); the cross beam (4.2) is fixedly connected to the lifting plates (4.3) on the left and right sides respectively; the guide wheels (4.1) are installed at both ends of the cross beam (4.2).

4. The wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that The wheel set running control device (10) includes: mounting seat A (10.1), ear seat A (10.2), bolt A (10.3), cylinder B (10.4), rod joint A (10.5), pin shaft A (10.6), positioning wheel (10.7), fixed shaft A (10.8), rotating arm (10.9), fixed shaft B (10.10), pin shaft B (10.11), swing arm (10.12), rod joint B (10.13), push wheel (10.14), cylinder C (10.15), bolt B (10.16), ear seat B (10.17) and mounting seat B (10.18); the mounting seat A (10.1) is installed on the track (7) through the bolt A (10.3); the ear seat A (10.2) and the fixed shaft A (10.8) are installed on the mounting seat A (10.1); the tail of the cylinder B (10.4) is connected to the ear seat A (10.2), the piston rod of the cylinder B (10.4) is connected to the rotating arm (10.9) through the rod joint A (10.5) and the pin shaft A (10.6), the positioning wheel (10.7) is fixedly installed on the rotating arm (10.9), and the rotating arm (10.9) is installed on the fixed shaft A (10.8); the rotating arm (10.9) swings around the fixed shaft A (10.8) under the action of the cylinder B (10.4); the mounting seat B (10.18) is installed on the track (7) through the bolt B (10.16), the ear seat B (10.17) and the fixed shaft B (10.10) are installed on the mounting seat B (10.18), the tail of the cylinder C (10.15) is connected to the ear seat B (10.17), and the piston rod of the cylinder C (10.15) is connected to the swing arm (10.12) through the rod joint B (10.13) and the pin shaft B (10.11); the push wheel (10.14) is installed on the swing arm (10.12), the swing arm (10.12) is connected to the fixed shaft B (10.10), and the swing arm (10.12) rotates around the fixed shaft B (10.10) under the action of the cylinder C (10.15).

5. The wheel set magnetic particle flaw detector according to claim 1, characterized in that There are symmetrically distributed liquid guide grooves (8) inside the gantry (3), and a liquid collecting tank (5) is provided below the track (7). The three components form a magnetic suspension liquid recovery system, ensuring that the magnetic suspension liquid at both ends of the axle journal of the wheel set will flow into the liquid collecting tank (5) along the liquid guide grooves (8), and the magnetic suspension liquid on the axle body of the wheel set will directly flow into the liquid collecting tank (5), realizing the recovery and utilization of the magnetic suspension liquid.

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