A copper tapping channel for a top blown converter

Abstract

The application discloses a copper discharging channel of a top-blown converter, and the copper discharging channel of the top-blown converter comprises a siphon channel located on a wall of the top-blown converter and a detachable copper discharging opening located outside the wall of the top-blown converter, and the center line of the siphon channel and the center line of the copper discharging opening coincide; the siphon channel is an inclined channel with an inclination angle of 15-20 degrees, which starts from the junction of the wall and the bottom of the top-blown converter, penetrates through the wall and communicates with the hearth, and the both sides of the siphon channel are provided with plate copper water jackets which are arranged by masonry, and the outlet end of the siphon channel is processed on a right-angled trapezoidal refractory brick; the copper discharging opening is a circular channel located on the extension line of the siphon channel, and the copper discharging opening comprises a circular through hole arranged in the center of a base refractory brick and a circular through hole arranged in the center of a conical refractory brick, the base refractory brick is sleeved with a first copper water jacket, and the conical refractory brick is sleeved with a second copper water jacket. The problems of the copper discharging channel of the top-blown converter, such as easy opening, difficult plugging and low service life, can be solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a copper tapping hole of a top-blown converting furnace, and belongs to the field of copper smelting equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The top-blown converting furnace is a fixed furnace with a fixed hearth, a circular, oval or oblong cross section, and an internal space divided into a lower furnace chamber for containing high-temperature melt and an upper furnace chamber as a flue.

[0003] The temperature of the blister copper in the top-blown converting furnace is as high as 1200-1300℃. When the blister copper is blown, the outlet of the copper tapping hole is blocked with refractory clay. When the composition of the blister copper in the furnace and the liquid level of the blister copper reach the tapping requirements, the copper tapping hole needs to be opened with a burning oxygen pipe. At this time, the blister copper in the furnace is discharged through the copper tapping hole under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the blister copper flows out at a high speed and washes the copper tapping hole. After the tapping is completed, the outlet of the copper tapping hole is blocked with refractory clay again.

[0004] The height of the melt liquid level in the top-blown converting furnace is 1100-1900mm, and the height of the blister copper liquid level is 500-1100mm. Therefore, when the blister copper is discharged, the flow rate of the blister copper in the copper tapping hole is high due to the action of the large pressure difference, and the copper tapping hole is easy to open and difficult to block. When the blister copper flows at a high speed, it is washed by the high-temperature blister copper melt, and the copper tapping hole, especially its outlet end, is easily expanded, making it more difficult to block and having a low service life.

[0005] The problems of the copper tapping hole being easy to open and difficult to block and having a low service life will further cause the following problems: Since the blister copper melt in the copper tapping hole is affected by the hydraulic pressure, if the blocking of the copper tapping hole is unreliable, the blister copper leakage accident is likely to occur, and the safety risk is great. When the copper tapping hole needs to be repaired, in order to ensure the safety of personnel, the melt liquid level in the furnace must be lowered and the production must be stopped, so that the blister copper blowing operation cannot be continuous.

[0006] The problem of the copper tapping hole being easy to expand will further cause the following problems: After the copper tapping hole is expanded by washing, on the one hand, the flow rate of the blister copper during tapping increases uncontrollably, which cannot match the operation system of the subsequent anode refining, or the blister copper overflows to cause a safety accident; on the other hand, the structural stability of the furnace wall is affected, and there is a risk of furnace collapse.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to invent a new copper tapping hole of a top-blown converting furnace. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to provide a copper tapping hole of a top-blown converting furnace to solve the problems of the copper tapping hole being easy to open and difficult to block, the safety risk caused by the expansion of the copper tapping hole, and the low service life.

[0009] The purpose of the present application is implemented by the following technical scheme:

[0010] A copper tapping channel of a top-blown converter, comprising a siphon channel on the wall of the converter and a detachable copper tapping hole outside the wall of the converter, the center line of the siphon channel coincides with the center line of the copper tapping hole.

[0011] The siphon channel is a masonry inclined channel with an angle of 15-20°, which starts from the junction of the wall and the bottom of the converter, penetrates the wall and communicates with the converter hearth, and both sides of the channel are provided with plate copper jackets.

[0012] The copper tapping hole is a circular channel outside the siphon channel, which includes a circular through hole processed in the center of the base refractory brick and a circular through hole processed in the center of the conical refractory brick, the base refractory brick is sleeved with a first copper jacket, and the conical refractory brick is sleeved with a second copper jacket.

[0013] Further, the surface of the plate copper jacket is surfaced with heat-resistant alloy, and every two layers of refractory bricks on both sides of the siphon channel are provided with a layer of plate copper jacket from bottom to top.

[0014] Further, the two ends of the conical refractory brick protrude from the second copper jacket, and the thickness of the base refractory brick is less than the first copper jacket.

[0015] Further, the interface between the copper tapping hole and the siphon channel is bonded by refractory mortar, and the interface between the base refractory brick and the conical refractory brick is bonded by refractory mortar.

[0016] Further, the surface of the first copper jacket is provided with an expansion mechanism, the expansion mechanism includes a wedge-shaped steel frame fixed to the surface of the first copper jacket and a jacking bolt fixed to the steel shell of the furnace body by threads.

[0017] Further, the surface center of the first copper jacket is provided with a conical recess, and the back surface of the second copper jacket is provided with a conical boss matched with the conical recess.

[0018] Further, the first copper jacket and the second copper jacket are provided with a locking mechanism, the locking mechanism includes a locking rod with threads processed on one end and a jack on the other end, a connecting plate with two through holes, a pressing plate with two through holes, and a wedge, and the first copper jacket is provided with a threaded hole for fixing the locking rod.

[0019] Further, the surface of the second copper jacket is provided with a step, and the part wrapping the conical refractory brick is higher than the rest.

[0020] Further, the fitting gap between the base refractory brick and the first copper jacket and between the conical refractory brick and the second copper jacket is not more than 3mm, and the fitting gap is filled with refractory mortar.

[0021] Further, the top-blown converter is provided with at least two copper tapping holes, and the furnace wall around the siphon is protruded from the top-blown converter body.

[0022] Advantages of the present application:

[0023] 1. The copper tapping hole is upwardly inclined, thereby reducing the pressure of the melt in the copper tapping hole and further reducing the flow rate of the melt in the copper tapping hole.

[0024] 2. The siphon is provided with plate copper water jackets on both sides to protect the furnace wall around the siphon, so that the expansion of the siphon is within a controllable range, and the structure of the furnace wall is stable.

[0025] 3. The refractory bricks outside the copper tapping hole are protected by copper water jackets, thereby prolonging the service life.

[0026] 4. The size of the outlet end of the siphon and the copper tapping hole is small, the flow of the copper is small, the outside is cooled by a water jacket, and after the copper tapping hole is blocked by refractory mortar, the melt in the copper tapping hole is quickly solidified under the cooling effect of the water jacket, so that the blocking is easy and reliable.

[0027] 6. The copper tapping hole cover and the copper tapping hole seat can be disassembled without stopping production, and the refractory bricks inside can be replaced, thereby improving the operation rate of the top-blown converter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0029] Figure 1 is a top view of a circular profile top-blown converter;

[0030] Figure 2 is an A-A sectional view of Figure 1 (top-blown converter body structure schematic diagram);

[0031] Figure 3 is a B-B partial sectional view of Figure 1 (embodiment 1 copper tapping hole structure schematic diagram);

[0032] Figure 4 is a siphon combined brick diagram of embodiment 1;

[0033] Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 4 ;

[0034] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the flat plate copper water jacket on both sides of the siphon of embodiment 1;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the outline of the copper opening and its peripheral structure in Example 1;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A top view of

[0037] Figure 9 for Figure 7 AA cross-sectional diagram;

[0038] Figure 10 for Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the locking mechanism;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the copper channel in Example 2;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the copper channels in Example 3.

[0041] In the figure: furnace bottom 1, furnace wall 2, boss 2.1, siphon channel 2.2, furnace steel shell 2.3, ramming material 2.4, right-angled trapezoidal bricks 2.5, wide bricks 2.6, narrow bricks 2.7, flat copper water jacket 2.8, furnace roof 3, furnace cylinder 4, hearth 5, copper discharge channel 6, copper discharge port 6.1, base refractory bricks 6.2, frustum refractory bricks 6.3, first copper water jacket 6.4, wedge-shaped steel frame 6.4.1, second copper water jacket 6.5, locking mechanism 6.6, locking rod 6.6.1, connecting plate 6.6.2, pressure plate 6.6.3, wedge 6.6.4. Specific implementation method:

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the top-blown converting furnace has two copper discharge channels 6, which are arranged parallel and symmetrically relative to the axis of the furnace body and have a spacing of 1800 mm.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the furnace wall 2 around the copper channel 6 partially protrudes outward to form a boss 2.1. The boss 2.1 increases the height of the copper channel 6 without increasing the overall thickness of the furnace wall 2, and also facilitates maintenance of the copper channel 6.

[0046] The outlet end face of the boss 2.1 is an inclined plane, the furnace wall 2 and the boss 2.1 are wrapped by the furnace steel shell 2.3, and the steel shell 2.3 is filled with rammed material 2.4 between the furnace wall 2 and the boss 2.1.

[0047] The copper tapping channel 6 includes a siphon channel 2.2 on the top-blown furnace wall 2 and a detachable copper tapping hole 6.1 outside the furnace wall 2, and the center line of the siphon channel 2.2 coincides with the center line of the copper tapping hole 6.1.

[0048] The inclined angle of the copper tapping channel 6 is 20°, which is inclined upward from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the height h from the bottom to the outlet end is 500 mm. Compared with horizontally arranging the copper tapping channel 6 at the bottom of the furnace wall 2, the pressure of the crude copper melt in the copper tapping channel 6 is reduced, the flow rate of the crude copper is reduced, and personnel standing for oxygen burning and copper tapping operation is facilitated.

[0049] The siphon channel 2.2 is a circular through hole with a diameter of 70 mm, the siphon channel 2.2 starts from the junction of the furnace wall 2 and the furnace bottom 1, and is inclined through the furnace wall 2 and the boss 2.1, as shown in Figures 3-5 The siphon channel 2.2 is built by narrow bricks 2.7, wide bricks 2.6 and right-angled trapezoidal bricks 2.5 with inclined circular through holes with a diameter of 70 mm, the narrow bricks 2.7 and the wide bricks 2.6 are alternately built to avoid inclined through seams in the furnace wall 2, the outlet end of the siphon channel 2.2 is a right-angled trapezoidal brick 2.5 with an inclined circular through hole with a diameter of 70 mm, and the plane where the hypotenuse of the right-angled trapezoidal brick 2.5 is located is perpendicular to the siphon channel 2.2.

[0050] As shown in Figure 6 The furnace wall 2 on both sides of the siphon channel 2.2 is built with three layers of flat copper water jackets 2.8 from bottom to top, each layer of flat copper water jacket 2.8 is separated by two layers of 75 mm thick refractory bricks, and the minimum distance between the flat copper water jacket 2.8 and the inner wall of the siphon channel 2.2 is not less than 300 mm. The flat copper water jacket 2.8 cools and protects the refractory bricks around the siphon channel 2.2, limits the erosion expansion of the siphon channel 2.2, and ensures the structural stability of the furnace wall 2. The surface of the flat copper water jacket 2.8 is coated with heat-resistant alloy.

[0051] The copper tapping hole 6.1 is located on the extension line of the siphon channel 2.2, as shown in Figure 7The figure shows a 60mm diameter circular through-hole, including one located in the center of a base refractory brick 6.2 and one located in the center of a frustum refractory brick 6.3. The base refractory brick 6.2 is fitted with a first copper water jacket 6.4, while the frustum refractory brick 6.3 is fitted with a second copper water jacket 6.5. The clearances between the base refractory brick 6.2 and the first copper water jacket 6.4, and between the frustum refractory brick 6.3 and the second copper water jacket 6.5, are no greater than 3mm, and are filled with refractory mortar. The first and second copper water jackets 6.4 and 6.5 provide cooling and protection for the base refractory brick 6.2 and the frustum refractory brick 6.3, ensuring the service life of the copper outlet 6.1.

[0052] Both ends of the frustum refractory brick 6.3 protrude from the second copper water jacket 6.5, and the thickness of the base refractory brick 6.2 is smaller than that of the first copper water jacket 6.4.

[0053] like Figures 7-9 As shown, the surface of the first copper water jacket 6.4 is equipped with an expansion mechanism. The expansion mechanism includes a wedge-shaped steel frame 6.4.1 bolted to the surface of the first copper water jacket 6.4 and a jacking bolt rotatably fixed to the furnace steel shell 2.3. By adjusting the jacking bolt, the wedge-shaped steel frame 6.4.1 is squeezed to tightly fit the first copper water jacket 6.4 against the inclined surface of the boss 2.1, thereby firmly securing the first copper water jacket 6.4.

[0054] A frustum-shaped depression is provided at the center of the surface of the first copper water jacket 6.4, and a frustum-shaped boss is provided on the back of the second copper water jacket 6.5 to match the frustum-shaped depression, so that the first copper water jacket 6.4 and the second copper water jacket 6.5 can be accurately positioned and matched for installation.

[0055] The first copper water jacket 6.4 and the second copper water jacket 6.5 are provided with a locking mechanism 6.6, such as Figure 10As shown, the locking mechanism 6.6 includes a locking rod 6.6.1 with threads on one end and a socket on the other end, a connecting plate 6.6.2 with two through holes, a pressing plate 6.6.3 with a step and two through holes, and a wedge 6.6.4. The first copper jacket 6.4 is provided with a threaded hole for fixing the locking rod 6.6.1. One end of each of the four locking rods 6.6.1 is fixed on the first copper jacket 6.4 by threads. Each connecting plate 6.6.2 is sleeved on two locking rods 6.6.1, which serves to center and stabilize the locking rods 6.6.1. Each pressing plate 6.6.3 is pressed against the edge of the second copper jacket 6.5 at the right angle of the step. The four wedges 6.6.4 are respectively inserted into the sockets on the other end of the four locking rods 6.6.1. The locking principle is as follows: as the length of the wedge 6.6.4 inserted into the locking rod 6.6.1 increases, the wedge 6.6.4 presses the pressing plate 6.6.3, the pressing plate 6.6.3 presses the second copper jacket 6.5, the second copper jacket 6.5 presses the tapered refractory brick 6.3, the tapered refractory brick 6.3 presses the base refractory brick 6.2, and the base refractory brick 6.2 presses the right-angled trapezoidal brick 2.3. The interface between the copper tapping hole 6.1 and the siphon 2.3, i.e. the interface between the base refractory brick 6.2 and the right-angled trapezoidal brick, is bonded by refractory mortar, and the interface between the base refractory brick 6.2 and the tapered refractory brick 6.3 is bonded by refractory mortar. The use of refractory mortar and the locking mechanism 6.6 can prevent the leakage of crude copper melt from the joint.

[0056] In this embodiment, the wedge 6.6.4 is used for fixation instead of a bolt, because:

[0057] 1. The locking mechanism 6.6 is in a state of repeated temperature changes. When tapping copper, the temperature rises, and after tapping copper, the temperature relatively decreases. After bolt fixation, deformation occurs and the locking rod 6.6.1 cannot be removed.

[0058] 2. When tapping copper, the copper liquid may be bonded to the locking rod 6.6.1, which also causes the locking rod 6.6.1 to be unable to be removed.

[0059] When the wedge 6.6.4 is used for fixation, when deformation or copper liquid bonding occurs, the wedge 6.6.4 can be knocked off the locking rod 6.6.1.

[0060] The surface of the second copper jacket 6.5 is provided with a step, and the part wrapping the tapered refractory brick is higher than the rest. During copper tapping, especially at the end of copper tapping, the crude copper melt does not contact and erode the surface of the second copper jacket 6.5, which improves the service life of the second copper jacket 6.5 and the safety of the copper tapping operation.

[0061] When the copper tapping hole 6.1 needs to be repaired, the wedge 6.6.4 and the pressing plate 6.6.3 of the locking and dismounting mechanism 6.6 are dismounted in sequence, and the following operation can be performed without stopping production: the second copper water jacket 6.5 is removed and the base refractory brick 6.2, the conical brick 6.3 or the second copper water jacket 6.5 is replaced.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] On the basis of Example 1, the difference from Example 1 is that:

[0064] As shown in Figure 11 , the front section of the siphon channel 2.2 is a stepped inclined channel directly built by common refractory bricks, and the width of the siphon channel 2.2 is 75 mm, the length and height of each step are both 225 mm, and the height difference of each step is 75 mm.

[0065] The outlet end of the siphon channel 2.2 is a circular through hole with a diameter of 70 mm arranged on the right-angle trapezoidal brick, and the center line of the through hole coincides with the center line of the stepped inclined channel of the front section of the siphon channel 2.2.

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] As shown in Figure 12 , on the basis of Example 1, the difference is that:

[0068] The two copper tapping holes 6 are arranged perpendicular to the profile of the furnace body.

[0069] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace, characterized in that: It comprises a siphon channel located on the furnace wall of the top-blown furnace and a detachable copper discharge port located outside the furnace wall, wherein the center line of the siphon channel coincides with the center line of the copper discharge port; The siphon channel is an inclined channel starting from the junction of the furnace wall and the furnace bottom, penetrating the furnace wall and connecting to the furnace cylinder, with an inclination angle of 15-20 degrees. Plate-type copper water jackets are built on both sides of the channel, and the outlet end is processed on the right-angle trapezoidal refractory bricks. The copper outlet is a circular channel located on the extension line of the siphon channel, including a circular through hole arranged in the center of the base refractory brick and a circular through hole arranged in the center of the frustum refractory brick. The base refractory brick sleeve is provided with a first copper water jacket, and the frustum refractory brick sleeve is provided with a second copper water jacket.

2. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the plate-type copper water jacket is welded with a heat-resistant alloy, and a layer of plate-type copper water jacket is provided every two layers of refractory bricks on the furnace walls on both sides of the siphon channel from bottom to top.

3. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the frustum refractory brick protrude from the second copper water jacket, and the thickness of the base refractory brick is smaller than that of the first copper water jacket.

4. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interface between the copper outlet and the siphon channel is bonded by refractory mud, and the interface between the base refractory bricks and the frustum refractory bricks is bonded by refractory mud.

5. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: An expansion mechanism is provided on the surface of the first copper water jacket. The expansion mechanism includes a wedge-shaped steel frame fixed to the surface of the first copper water jacket and a tightening bolt fixed to the steel shell of the furnace body through threads.

6. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A frustum-shaped depression is provided at the center of the surface of the first copper water jacket, and a frustum-shaped boss is provided on the back of the second copper water jacket to match the frustum-shaped depression.

7. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first copper water jacket and the second copper water jacket are provided with a locking mechanism, which includes a locking rod with a thread on one end and a socket on the other end, a connecting plate with two through holes, a pressure plate with a step and two through holes, and a wedge. The first copper water jacket is provided with a threaded hole for fixing the locking rod.

8. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the second copper water jacket is provided with steps, and the portion covering the frustum refractory bricks is higher than the remaining portion.

9. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fitting clearance between the base refractory bricks and the first copper water jacket, and between the frustum refractory bricks and the second copper water jacket is no more than 3 mm, and the fitting clearance is filled with refractory mud.

10. The copper discharge channel of a top-blown converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top-blown converting furnace is provided with at least two copper discharge channels, and the furnace wall surrounding the siphon channel protrudes from the furnace body of the top-blown furnace.

Images