A numerical simulation method for evaluating the leaching efficiency of ionic rare earth ores

Abstract

The application discloses a numerical simulation method for evaluating ion type rare earth ore leaching efficiency, and the method comprises the following steps: setting ore solution input flow and ore solution concentration; based on the water content of the ore bed and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore bed soil, the matric potential function of the ore bed soil is constructed through Richards equation; then the change relationship of the water content of the ore bed with time is determined; based on the change relationship of the water content of the ore bed with time, the diffusion coefficient is solved through the convection-diffusion equation, and then the ore solution output flow and the rare earth element concentration are determined; and the rare earth ore leaching efficiency is determined according to the ore solution input flow and the ore solution concentration, and the ore solution output flow and the rare earth element concentration. According to the embodiment of the application, on the one hand, the process of the ore solution entering the ore bed can be intuitively understood, and on the other hand, the reaction process of the ore solution and the ion type rare earth can be obtained, and meanwhile, a leaching efficiency evaluation method is provided, which can provide a reference for precise control of the ore washing process in the later period, and can be widely applied to the ion type rare earth ore mining technical field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ion-type rare earth ore mining, and in particular to a numerical simulation method for evaluating ion-type rare earth ore leaching efficiency. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ion-adsorption type rare earth ore deposit is a special rare earth ore in the world, mainly distributed in the tropics and subtropics. Rare earth minerals in the original rock, such as beryllium yttrium silicate, fluorine carbon calcium yttrium and fluorine carbon cerium, will be weathered and dissociated to form rare earth hydrated ions or hydroxyl hydrated ions, and then adsorbed on the clay minerals formed by weathering, thus forming a weathering crust type rare earth ore, also known as ion-adsorption type rare earth ore. Ion-adsorption type rare earth ore is the main source of heavy rare earth elements, which are indispensable in the development of aerospace and clean energy and other fields, and the demand is increasing. At present, more attention is paid to improving leaching efficiency with the help of various technologies while protecting the environment.

[0003] However, the existing technical solutions related to rare earth ore leaching efficiency have the following disadvantages: 1) the movement process of the ore solution into the ore bed is not clearly described; 2) the exchange reaction principle of the ore solution and the ion-type rare earth ore is not accurate enough; 3) no effective evaluation method for ion-type rare earth ore leaching efficiency is proposed. The reasons for the above problems are as follows: first, the ore washing process is a complex process, which is usually carried out under the lower layer of the soil, and it is difficult to directly observe the migration process of the ore solution, so it is also difficult to know where the ore solution reaches at different times after entering the ore bed; second, the ore solution reacts with the ion-type rare earth elements, and the reaction position, reaction degree, reaction time and other factors are not clear, usually a reference standard is given by relying on practical work experience, which cannot accurately control the whole ore washing process, resulting in a large amount of waste of manpower and material resources. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a numerical simulation method for evaluating ion-type rare earth ore leaching efficiency, which can accurately evaluate the numerical simulation of ion-type rare earth ore leaching efficiency.

[0005] In one aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a numerical simulation method for evaluating ion-type rare earth ore leaching efficiency, comprising:

[0006] presetting the ore solution input flow and the ore solution concentration;

[0007] based on the water content of the ore bed and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil of the ore bed, constructing the matric potential function of the soil of the ore bed through Richards equation, and then determining the change relationship of the water content of the ore bed with time;

[0008] based on the change relationship of the water content of the ore bed with time, solving the diffusion coefficient through the convection-diffusion equation, and then determining the ore solution output flow and the rare earth element concentration;

[0009] The rare earth ore leaching efficiency is determined based on the ore liquid input flow rate and ore liquid concentration, as well as the ore liquid output flow rate and rare earth element concentration.

[0010] Optionally, based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore layer soil, the matrix potential function of the ore layer soil is constructed by the Richards equation, including:

[0011] Based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the ore layer, the one-dimensional movement process of water from the ore liquid into the ore layer is determined, and the matrix potential function of the soil in the ore layer is constructed in the time dimension and the space dimension.

[0012] The expression of the matrix potential function is:

[0013]

[0014] Where θ represents the water content of the ore layer; t represents time; K(h) represents the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore layer soil; and z represents the vertical coordinate.

[0015] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0016] Based on the saturated volumetric water content and the residual volumetric water content, a first matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed, and then the mineral layer water content for constructing the matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is determined.

[0017] Optionally, based on the saturated volumetric water content and the residual volumetric water content, a first matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil is constructed, including:

[0018] Based on the saturated volumetric water content and residual volumetric water content, the first matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed using the Van Genuchten model;

[0019] Among them, the expression of the first matrix potential function is:

[0020]

[0021] Where θ(h) represents the first matrix potential function of volumetric water content; θ s represents the saturated volume water content; θ r represents the residual volume water content; α, n and m are empirical values.

[0022] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0023] Based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and effective saturation, the second matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed, and then the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is determined.

[0024] Optionally, based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the effective saturation, a second matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed, including:

[0025] Based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and effective saturation, the second matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed using Mualem's model;

[0026] Among them, the expression of the second matrix potential function is:

[0027]

[0028] Where K(h) represents the second matrix potential function of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; K s represents saturated hydraulic conductivity; S e Indicates effective saturation, and m is an empirical value.

[0029] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0030] The ammonium sulfate solution is preset as the solution for eluting rare earth ores.

[0031] Optionally, the ore solution is an ammonium sulfate solution, and the ore solution concentration is preset, including:

[0032] The concentration of the ammonium sulfate solution is preset to 1 mol / L.

[0033] Optionally, the diffusion coefficient is solved by the convection-diffusion equation to determine the ore output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration, including:

[0034] The diffusion coefficient is determined based on the product of the diffusivity and the pore water velocity; wherein the pore water velocity is determined based on the ratio of the ore fluid output flow rate to the water content of the ore layer;

[0035] The pore water velocity is obtained by numerically solving the convection-diffusion equation and the diffusion coefficient is determined, thereby determining the ore solution output flow rate and rare earth element concentration.

[0036] The expression of the convection-diffusion equation is:

[0037]

[0038] Where θ represents the water content of the ore layer; t represents time; z represents the vertical coordinate; D represents the diffusion coefficient; q represents the output flow rate of the ore solution; and C represents the concentration of rare earth elements.

[0039] Optionally, determining the rare earth ore leaching efficiency based on the ore solution input flow rate and ore solution concentration, and the ore solution output flow rate and rare earth element concentration includes:

[0040] The rare earth ore leaching efficiency is determined based on the ratio of the product of the ore liquid input flow rate and the ore liquid concentration to the product of the ore liquid output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration.

[0041] The embodiment of the present invention pre-sets the ore liquid input flow rate and ore liquid concentration; based on the ore layer water content and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore layer soil, the matrix potential function of the ore layer soil is constructed by the Richards equation; and then the relationship between the ore layer water content and time is determined; based on the relationship between the ore layer water content and time, the diffusion coefficient is solved by the convection-diffusion equation to determine the ore liquid output flow rate and rare earth element concentration; and the rare earth ore leaching efficiency is determined based on the ore liquid input flow rate and ore liquid concentration, as well as the ore liquid output flow rate and rare earth element concentration. The embodiment of the present invention uses a mathematical method to accurately and clearly describe the movement process of the ore liquid into the ore layer with the help of the matrix potential function of the ore layer soil constructed by the Richards equation, and at the same time describes the replacement reaction process of the ore liquid and the ionic rare earth element by the convection-diffusion equation. A method for evaluating the leaching efficiency of the ionic rare earth ore is further proposed. On the one hand, the process of the ore liquid entering the ore layer is intuitively understood, and on the other hand, the reaction process of the ore liquid and the ionic rare earth is obtained. At the same time, a leaching efficiency evaluation method is proposed, which provides a reference for the precise control of the ore washing process in the later stage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a numerical simulation method for evaluating the leaching efficiency of ionic rare earth ores provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall process of the numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] On the one hand, if Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores, comprising:

[0047] S100, presetting the ore liquid input flow rate and ore liquid concentration;

[0048] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the method further comprises: presetting an ammonium sulfate solution as the solution for washing the rare earth ore.

[0049] In some embodiments, the ore liquid is an ammonium sulfate solution, and the pre-setting of the ore liquid concentration includes: pre-setting the concentration of the ammonium sulfate solution to 1 mol / L.

[0050] S200, based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore layer soil, the matrix potential function of the ore layer soil is constructed using the Richards equation; and then the relationship between the water content of the ore layer and time is determined;

[0051] It should be noted that in some embodiments, step S200 may include: determining the one-dimensional movement process of water from the ore liquid into the ore layer based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the ore layer, and constructing a matrix potential function of the soil in the ore layer in the time dimension and the space dimension; wherein the matrix potential function is expressed as:

[0052]

[0053] Where θ represents the water content of the ore layer; t represents time; K(h) represents the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore layer soil; and z represents the vertical coordinate.

[0054] In some embodiments, the method may further include: constructing a first matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil based on the saturated volumetric water content and the residual volumetric water content, and then determining the mineral layer water content for constructing the matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil.

[0055] In some embodiments, constructing a first matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil based on the saturated volumetric water content and the residual volumetric water content may include: constructing the first matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil using a Van Genuchten model based on the saturated volumetric water content and the residual volumetric water content; wherein the expression of the first matrix potential function is:

[0056]

[0057] Where θ(h) represents the first matrix potential function of volumetric water content; θ s represents the saturated volume water content; θ r represents the residual volume water content; α, n and m are empirical values.

[0058] In some embodiments, the method may further include: constructing a second matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the effective saturation, and then determining the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity for constructing the matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil.

[0059] In some embodiments, constructing a second matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the effective saturation may include: constructing the second matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil using the Mualem's model based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the effective saturation; wherein the expression of the second matrix potential function is:

[0060]

[0061] Where K(h) represents the second matrix potential function of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; K s represents saturated hydraulic conductivity; S e Indicates effective saturation, and m is an empirical value.

[0062] S300, based on the relationship between the change of the water content of the ore layer and time, solving the diffusion coefficient by the convection-diffusion equation, and then determining the output flow rate of the ore solution and the concentration of the rare earth element;

[0063] It should be noted that in some embodiments, solving the diffusion coefficient by the convection-diffusion equation to determine the ore output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration may include: determining the diffusion coefficient based on the product of the diffusivity and the pore water velocity; wherein the pore water velocity is determined based on the ratio of the ore output flow rate to the water content of the ore layer; obtaining the pore water velocity and determining the diffusion coefficient by numerically solving the convection-diffusion equation, and then determining the ore output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration; wherein the expression of the convection-diffusion equation is:

[0064]

[0065] Where θ represents the water content of the ore layer; t represents time; z represents the vertical coordinate; D represents the diffusion coefficient; q represents the output flow rate of the ore solution; and C represents the concentration of rare earth elements.

[0066] S400, determining the rare earth ore leaching efficiency based on the ore liquid input flow rate and ore liquid concentration, and the ore liquid output flow rate and rare earth element concentration;

[0067] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, step S400 may include: determining the rare earth ore leaching efficiency according to the ratio of the product of the ore liquid input flow rate and the ore liquid concentration to the product of the ore liquid output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration.

[0068] To further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the technical principle of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with some specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following is an explanation of the present invention and cannot be regarded as a limitation of the present invention.

[0069] First, it should be noted that relevant technologies primarily focus on the following two aspects: 1) the type of leaching solution. By employing different leaching solutions, setting different concentrations, and varying leaching volumes, solutions such as ammonium sulfate and organic acids are selected to leach rare earth elements from mining areas. 2) The leaching process has evolved from open-pit mining to in-situ solution leaching. The mining of ionic rare earth ores involves the exchange of ammonium ions in an ammonium sulfate solution with rare earth ions on the surface of mineral particles, which then enter the leaching solution. The leaching efficiency of the ammonium sulfate solution primarily depends on the solution's penetration into the rare earth ore deposit. However, relevant technologies suffer from the following shortcomings: 1) a poor description of the movement of the ore solution into the ore layer; 2) an inaccurate understanding of the exchange reaction between the ore solution and the ionic rare earth ore; and 3) a lack of effective methods for evaluating the leaching efficiency of ionic rare earth ores. The reasons for the above problems are, firstly, that the ore washing process is a complicated process, which is usually carried out in the lower layer of the soil. It is difficult to visually observe the migration process of the ore liquid. Therefore, it is impossible to know where the ore liquid reaches at different times after entering the ore layer; secondly, the ore liquid reacts with the ionic rare earth elements, and factors such as the reaction position, reaction degree, and reaction time are unclear. Usually, with the help of actual work experience, a reference standard is given, which cannot accurately control the entire ore washing process, resulting in a large amount of manpower and material costs.

[0070] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to accurately and clearly describe the movement process of the ore liquid into the ore layer with the help of Richards equation through mathematical methods, and at the same time describe the replacement reaction process between the ore liquid and ionic rare earth elements, and further propose a method for evaluating the leaching efficiency of ionic rare earth ores. On the one hand, the process of the ore liquid entering the ore layer can be intuitively understood, and on the other hand, the reaction process between the ore liquid and the ionic rare earth can be obtained. At the same time, a leaching efficiency evaluation method is proposed to provide a reference for the subsequent precise control of the ore washing process.

[0071] like Figure 2 As shown, the overall implementation process of the numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores of the present invention is as follows:

[0072] Ore washing processes typically utilize various ore solutions, including ammonium sulfate, ammonium acetate, ammonium citronellal, and organic acids. Industrial ore washing typically uses ammonium sulfate solution at a concentration of 1 mol / L. However, different concentrations of ammonium sulfate solution have varying washing efficiencies. To more intuitively determine the optimal washing concentration and total amount of washing solution, this paper employs a mathematical method to numerically solve the optimal ammonium sulfate concentration, total amount used, and concentration of ionic rare earth elements to be eluted, thereby calculating the elution efficiency.

[0073] The mathematical physics process involved in the present invention is as follows:

[0074] When ammonium sulfate solution enters the ore layer, the one-dimensional movement of water is described by the Richards equation. The Richards equation is a parabolic differential equation used to describe unsteady flow in unsaturated porous media such as soil. The Richards equation is a parabolic differential equation used to describe unsteady flow in unsaturated porous media such as soil. It is obtained from the generalized Darcy's law and the continuity equation. Under unsteady flow conditions, soil moisture content or matrix potential is not only a function of spatial variables, but also a function of time variables:

[0075]

[0076] Where θ is the volumetric water content (cm 3 cm -3 ), which is also a function of soil matrix potential (h, cm H2O), K(h) and soil unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (cm h -1 ) is a function of h, and z is the vertical coordinate (cm). θ(h) and K(h) can be calculated sequentially using the Van Genuchten model and Mualem's model. The Van Genuchten model is an empirical formula that describes the soil moisture characteristic curve. This empirical formula is derived from data fitting, making it practical and widely applicable. The Van Genuchten model uses a parameterized function to describe the relationship between soil porosity and other characteristics such as soil type and morphology, as shown below:

[0077]

[0078] Where θ s is the saturated volume water content (cm 3 cm -3 ),θ r is the residual volumetric water content (cm 3 cm -3 ), α, n, and m are empirical values ​​(m = 1-1 / n). α reflects the magnitude of soil capillary suction, and n and m reflect the characteristics of soil pore size distribution.

[0079] The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is a function of the matrix potential and can be expressed as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Where K s is the saturated hydraulic conductivity (cm day -1 ), S e is the effective saturation, and m is the empirical value.

[0082] The above equations can be used to calculate the relationship between the water content of the ore layer and time (θ-t) and the relationship between the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and time (K(h)-t).

[0083] When ammonium sulfate reacts with rare earth elements, it is theoretically believed that the ammonium sulfate solution replaces the rare earth elements in the soil. When the rare earth elements in the soil are completely replaced, it is considered that the ore washing reaches a balanced state, and the ore washing work can be stopped. The specific physical and chemical process can be described by the convection-diffusion equation as follows:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, C is the concentration of rare earth elements (REE) (g cm–3), θ is the volume water content (cm3 cm-3), D is the diffusion coefficient (cm2 h-1), and q is the water flow rate (cm h-1). The diffusion coefficient can be expressed as (when the molecular diffusion condition is ignored):

[0086] D = λv

[0087] In the formula, λ is the dispersivity (cm), v is the pore water velocity, and is obtained by numerically solving the water flow model (water flow rate q (cm h -1 ) divided by θ).

[0088] Simulating the chemical reaction between the ammonium sulfate solution and the rare earth elements includes two aspects: solute migration parameters and solute reaction parameters, wherein the solute migration parameters include soil property parameters (ρ s , D L , Fract, Thlmob) and solute property parameters (D w , D a ).

[0089] ρ s : soil bulk density (g cm –3 ), which can be obtained by field ring knife method;

[0090] D L : longitudinal dispersivity (cm), selected according to the multiple of Fract value, the selected value in this simulation is 2;

[0091] Fract: adsorption site (-), set to 1, considered to react with flowing water.

[0092] Thlmob: non-mobile zone water content, when equal to 0, the physical non-equilibrium process is not considered; when > 0, it is interpreted as water content, when using a two-kinetic site model, particles (such as viruses, colloids, bacteria) are excluded.

[0093] D w : diffusion rate of molecules in water;

[0094] D a : diffusion rate of molecules in air.

[0095] The solute reaction parameters are mainly adsorption isotherm coefficients (kd, Nu, Beta):

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, when β = 1, the adsorption formula is the Langmuir equation, and the calculated s value is represented by Nu; when η = 0, the adsorption formula is the Freundlich equation, and the calculated s value is represented by Beta; when β = 1 and η = 0, the calculated value of adsorption is ks, which is represented by kd. s is a linear adsorption empirical constant, s is the adsorption concentration (g cm-3), and c is the solution concentration (g cm-3). –3 –3

[0098] Through the above equation, the flow rate q (cm h-1) at different times, the eluted REE concentration C (g cm-3), and the effluent flow rate Q (cm h-1) can be obtained. REe w Since the ammonium sulfate inflow Q iw , the input concentration C iw are usually controllable conditions and are known values.Therefore, according to the above values, the efficiency of ammonium sulfate solution leaching of rare earth ore can be calculated, which is expressed as follows:

[0099]

[0100] In summary, the present application accurately and clearly describes the movement process of the ore solution into the ore layer by means of the Richards equation, simultaneously describes the displacement reaction process of the ore solution and the ionic rare earth elements, further proposes a method for evaluating the leaching efficiency of ionic rare earth ore, intuitively understands the process of the ore solution into the ore layer, obtains the reaction process of the ore solution and the ionic rare earth elements, and simultaneously proposes a leaching efficiency evaluation method, which provides a reference for precise control of the ore washing process in the later stage. Further, through related mechanism experiments, the immersion solution and the rare earth element adsorption sites can be further studied, and from the perspective of ionic electric field, the immersion solution-ionic rare earth reaction process can be described in detail by combining the UNSATCHEM module. Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0101] ​​1) Using numerical modeling, the researchers analyzed the movement of the leaching solution within the ore layer and the relationship between the exchange process between the leaching solution and rare earth elements over time and position. 2) They quantitatively characterized the total amount and efficiency of rare earth element leaching by the leaching solution. 3) They proposed a method for evaluating leaching efficiency. Compared to the best existing patents, which rely on empirical values, these methods require extensive human and material resources to verify uncontrollable factors such as environmental factors, leaching solution type, and leaching time, making them difficult to universally apply. In particular, they struggled to provide constructive advice on leaching control and cost.

[0102] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0103] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0104] The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores, characterized in that: include: Pre-set ore liquid input flow rate and ore liquid concentration; Based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the ore layer, the matrix potential function of the soil in the ore layer is constructed by the Richards equation; and the relationship between the water content of the ore layer and time is determined; Based on the relationship between the change of the water content of the ore layer and time, the diffusion coefficient is solved by the convection-diffusion equation, thereby determining the output flow rate of the ore solution and the concentration of the rare earth element; Wherein, solving the diffusion coefficient by the convection-diffusion equation and then determining the ore liquid output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration includes: Determining the diffusion coefficient based on the product of the diffusivity and the pore water velocity; wherein the pore water velocity is determined based on the ratio of the ore fluid output flow rate to the water content of the ore layer; The pore water velocity is obtained by numerically solving the convection-diffusion equation and the diffusion coefficient is determined, thereby determining the ore solution output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration; Wherein, the expression of the convection-diffusion equation is: Where, Indicates the water content of the ore layer; Indicates time; Indicates the vertical coordinate; represents the diffusion coefficient; Indicates the output flow rate of mineral fluid; represents the rare earth element concentration; The rare earth ore leaching efficiency is determined according to the ore liquid input flow rate and the ore liquid concentration, as well as the ore liquid output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration.

2. A numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix potential function of the soil in the ore layer is constructed by using the Richards equation based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the ore layer, including: Determine the one-dimensional movement of water from the ore liquid into the ore layer based on the water content of the ore layer and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore layer soil, and construct the matrix potential function of the ore layer soil in the time dimension and the space dimension; Wherein, the expression of the matrix potential function is: Where, Indicates the water content of the ore layer; Indicates time; It represents the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the mineral layer; Indicates the vertical coordinate.

3. The numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Based on the saturated volumetric water content and the residual volumetric water content, a first matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed, and then the mineral layer water content for constructing the matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is determined.

4. A numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed based on the saturated volumetric water content and the residual volumetric water content, including: Based on the saturated volumetric water content and residual volumetric water content, the first matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed using the Van Genuchten model; Wherein, the expression of the first matrix potential function is: Where, The first matrix potential function representing the volumetric water content; Indicates saturated volumetric water content; Indicates the residual volume water content; , and For experience value.

5. The numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the effective saturation, a second matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil is constructed, and then the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity for constructing the matrix potential function of the mineral bed soil is determined.

6. A numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the effective saturation, including: Based on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and effective saturation, the second matrix potential function of the mineral layer soil is constructed using Mualem's model; Wherein, the expression of the second matrix potential function is: Where, The second matrix potential function representing the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity; represents the saturated hydraulic conductivity; Indicates the effective saturation, For experience value.

7. The numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The ammonium sulfate solution is preset as the solution for eluting rare earth ores.

8. The numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ore solution is an ammonium sulfate solution, and the pre-setting ore solution concentration includes: The concentration of the ammonium sulfate solution is preset to 1 mol / L.

9. The numerical simulation method for evaluating the elution efficiency of ionic rare earth ores according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the rare earth ore leaching efficiency according to the ore liquid input flow rate and the ore liquid concentration, and the ore liquid output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration, includes: The rare earth ore leaching efficiency is determined according to the ratio of the product of the ore liquid input flow rate and the ore liquid concentration to the product of the ore liquid output flow rate and the rare earth element concentration.

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