Multifunctional mud balance shield test system and test method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of shield tunneling testing technology and discloses a multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling testing system and method. The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling testing system includes a cutterhead, a drive unit, a slurry tank, and a slurry simulation chamber. The drive unit drives the cutterhead to rotate; the slurry tank stores and settles the slurry; the cutterhead is located at one end of the slurry simulation chamber, and the other end of the slurry simulation chamber can be connected to a soil propulsion device, which transports soil and rock into the slurry simulation chamber; the slurry simulation chamber has a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, and a slurry inlet. The feed inlet is used for feeding material; the discharge outlet is connected to the slurry tank through a discharge pipe; the slurry inlet is located on the side wall of the slurry simulation chamber and is connected to the slurry tank through a slurry inlet pipe. This multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling testing system can simulate the actual working conditions of a shield tunneling machine under actual tunneling conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shield tunneling testing technology, and in particular to a multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling testing system and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a type of tunnel excavation machinery that uses the shield tunneling method. It is a commonly used piece of equipment in municipal engineering. Its basic working principle is to use a circular cutterhead to advance along the tunnel axis while cutting and expelling the soil.

[0003] With the development of underground space construction, the quality requirements for shield tunneling are gradually increasing. Slurry shield tunneling is a dynamic process involving complex interactions between the machine, fluid, and soil. Numerous uncertainties, such as various soil parameters, directly affect the interaction between the cutterhead and the soil, as well as the mechanical response. Currently, existing technologies for measuring slurry performance data suffer from large measurement errors and high measurement difficulty. Therefore, further research is needed on the macroscopic mechanical response mechanism of the shield machine and the soil under the combined effects of the shield-soil and slurry interactions. This research aims to address the control of shield construction parameters under different geological environments and to explain, mechanistically, issues such as shield attitude deflection, cutter wear, and cutterhead mud cake formation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system and test method, which can simulate the working conditions of the shield machine under actual tunneling conditions.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system includes:

[0007] Cutter head;

[0008] A driving device, which is connected to the cutter head, is used to drive the cutter head to rotate;

[0009] A mud pit, used for storing and settling mud;

[0010] The mud simulation chamber is a cylindrical structure made of transparent material. A cutterhead is located at one end of the chamber, and the other end is detachably connected to a transparent cover. The other end of the chamber can also be connected to a soil propulsion device for feeding soil and rock into the chamber. The chamber has a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a backwash inlet, and multiple flushing inlets. The feed inlet is located on the transparent cover. The discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the chamber and discharges soil through... The pipe is connected to the mud tank; the multiple slurry inlet flushing ports are located on the side wall of the mud simulation chamber and are connected to the mud tank through the slurry inlet pipe; the discharge port is equipped with stirring impellers on both sides; the backwash port is connected to the discharge pipe in two directions; the multiple slurry inlet flushing ports are respectively connected to multiple flushing pipes, the multiple flushing pipes are respectively connected to the main slurry inlet pipe and the main slurry discharge pipe, and a connecting pipe is provided between the main slurry inlet pipe and the main slurry discharge pipe; ball valves are provided on the discharge pipe, the flushing pipe, the main slurry inlet pipe, the main slurry discharge pipe and the connecting pipe; multiple quarry boxes are provided on the main slurry discharge pipe.

[0011] A slurry pump is installed on the main slurry inlet pipe, which is connected to the flushing pipeline through the slurry flushing port, and the flushing pipeline is equipped with a flushing pump.

[0012] A slurry discharge pump, which is installed on the main slurry discharge pipe;

[0013] The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system also includes a bypass pipeline, which includes a first bypass pipe and a second bypass pipe. One end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry inlet pipe at the inlet end of the slurry pump, and the other end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry outlet pipe at the outlet end of the slurry discharge pump.

[0014] One end of the second bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry inlet pipe at the outlet end of the slurry inlet pump, and the other end of the second bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry outlet pipe at the inlet end of the slurry outlet pump.

[0015] Preferably, the soil propulsion device includes a mounting frame, a pusher plate, and a soil bin. The soil bin is mounted on the mounting frame and can be connected to the end of the mud simulation bin. The soil bin is used to store soil and rock. The pusher plate is movably mounted in the soil bin and can move along a first direction to allow the soil and rock in the soil bin to enter the mud simulation bin.

[0016] Preferably, the soil propulsion device further includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is mounted on the mounting frame and its output end is connected to the push plate.

[0017] Preferably, the multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system includes a fixed base, and the drive device, the slurry simulation chamber, the slurry inlet pump, and the slurry outlet pump are all mounted on the fixed base.

[0018] Preferably, the multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system further includes a central rotating body, which is disposed on the slurry simulation chamber. The central rotating body can rotate and cooperate with the cutterhead, and the slurry inlet pipe is disposed on the central rotating body.

[0019] The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test method, using the aforementioned multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system, includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. The test particles are fed into the feed inlet of the mud simulation chamber;

[0021] S2. Start the drive device to rotate the cutterhead, and start the slurry pump and the slurry discharge pump to put the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system into the slurry circulation simulation mode. The slurry drives the test particles to circulate in the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system.

[0022] S3. Observe and record the movement trajectory of the test particles in the mud simulation chamber;

[0023] S4. Turn off the drive device, the slurry inlet pump and the slurry outlet pump, remove the transparent cover and install the soil propulsion device at one end of the mud simulation chamber;

[0024] S5. Start the drive device to make the cutterhead rotate, and start the slurry pump, the slurry discharge pump and the soil propulsion device to make the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system enter the slurry circulation simulation mode, and the slurry drives the soil and rock to circulate in the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system.

[0025] S6. Observe and record the movement trajectory of the soil and rock in the mud simulation chamber, and study the slag-carrying capacity of the mud.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system provided by this invention has a feed inlet at the top of the slurry simulation chamber, allowing for the delivery of test particles. Furthermore, the transparent material of the slurry simulation chamber enables real-time observation, detection, and data acquisition of the movement of the test particles. Since the end of the slurry simulation chamber is detachably connected to a transparent cover plate and can be connected to a soil propulsion device that delivers soil and rock into the slurry simulation chamber, this multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system can also simulate the circulation of slurry during actual soil and rock cutting. This system not only verifies the accuracy of the aforementioned test using test particles but also simulates the actual working conditions of the shield tunneling machine during tunneling, solving the problems of large errors and high difficulty in testing slurry performance data in shield tunneling tests. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This invention provides a multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system for simulating test particle beads.

[0029] Figure 2 This invention provides a multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system for simulating soil and rock tests.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a pipeline system diagram provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1-Drive device;

[0033] 3-Mud pit;

[0034] 4-Mud simulation chamber;

[0035] 5- Earthmoving device;

[0036] 6-Fixed base;

[0037] 7-Central Rotational Body. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0039] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0041] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, this invention provides a multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system. This system includes a cutterhead, a drive unit 1, a mud tank 3, a mud simulation chamber 4, a slurry inlet pump, and a slurry outlet pump. The drive unit 1 is connected to the cutterhead and drives its rotation. The mud tank 3 stores and settles the mud. The mud simulation chamber 4 is a cylindrical structure made of transparent material. The cutterhead is located at one end of the mud simulation chamber 4, and the other end is detachably connected to a transparent cover plate. The other end of the mud simulation chamber 4 can also be connected to a soil propulsion device 5, which transports soil and rock into the mud simulation chamber 4. The mud simulation chamber 4 has an inlet, a outlet, a backwashing port, and multiple slurry flushing ports. The inlet is located on the transparent cover plate. The outlet is located at the bottom of the mud simulation chamber 4 and communicates with the mud tank 3 via a discharge pipe. The multiple slurry flushing ports are located on the side walls of the mud simulation chamber 4 and communicate with the mud tank via inlet pipes. 3. Connectivity; Agitator impellers are installed on both sides of the slurry discharge port; the backwash port is divided into two paths connected to the slurry discharge pipe; multiple slurry inlet flushing ports are connected to multiple flushing pipes, which are respectively connected to the main slurry inlet pipe and the main slurry discharge pipe. A connecting pipe is installed between the main slurry inlet pipe and the main slurry discharge pipe. Ball valves are installed on the slurry discharge pipe, flushing pipe, main slurry inlet pipe, main slurry discharge pipe, and connecting pipe. Multiple quarry boxes are installed in the main slurry discharge pipeline; the slurry pump is installed on the main slurry inlet pipe, which is connected to the flushing pipeline through the slurry inlet flushing port. A flushing pump is installed on the flushing pipeline; a slurry discharge pump is installed on the main slurry discharge pipe; the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system also includes a bypass pipeline, which includes a first bypass pipe and a second bypass pipe. One end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry inlet pipe at the inlet end of the slurry pump, and the other end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry discharge pipe at the outlet end of the slurry discharge pump; one end of the second bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry inlet pipe at the outlet end of the slurry pump, and the other end of the second bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry discharge pipe at the inlet end of the slurry discharge pump.In this embodiment, the slurry inlet pipe and slurry outlet pipe are not shown in the accompanying drawings. Since the top of the slurry simulation chamber 4 has an inlet, test particles can be fed into it. Furthermore, because the slurry simulation chamber 4 is made of transparent material, real-time observation, detection, and data collection of the test particle movement are possible. Since the end of the slurry simulation chamber 4 is detachably connected to a transparent cover plate, and the end of the slurry simulation chamber 4 can be connected to the soil propulsion device 5, which can transport soil and rock into the slurry simulation chamber 4, this multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system can also simulate the circulation of slurry during actual soil and rock cutting. This verifies the accuracy of the aforementioned test particle simulation experiment while simultaneously testing the actual shield tunneling machine. The system simulates the working conditions under actual tunneling conditions, solving the problems of large errors and high difficulty in testing mud performance data in shield tunneling tests. This multifunctional mud-water balance shield tunneling test system can realize shield tunneling under various mud-water circulation conditions under mud-water balance conditions, which helps to optimize the adaptability design of shields to geology and proposes solutions or improvement plans for problems encountered in actual shield construction. Specifically, the drive device 1 is a motor with a reducer; the mud simulation chamber 4 is provided with a flexible feed port on the wall panel, which can be a flange joint or a threaded interface, etc., without limitation; a feeding device is connected to the outside of the flexible feed port, which can be a screw conveyor commonly used in this field or a small piston-type propulsion feeder, without limitation.

[0043] The experimental system is also equipped with passive stirring rod flushing pipes, mud door front flushing pipes, mud door rear flushing pipes, grid flushing pipes, cutterhead center flushing pipes, and impeller flushing pipes on the mud simulation chamber 4. All of the above flushing pipes are set on the left and right sides of the mud simulation chamber 4, and are the same as or similar to the structure of the real shield tunneling device. The outlet flushing velocity and angle of the flushing pipes can be adjusted.

[0044] Simulated shield tunneling, reverse washing, and bypass modes were used to simulate the scouring flow rate under various slurry shield propulsion conditions, thereby obtaining the optimal slurry flow field control strategy in the slurry chamber. The carrying capacity was then evaluated using the following method: (amount of particles collected from the quarry + amount of particles settled in the circulating tank) / amount of particles entering in front of the cutterhead. A higher value indicates better carrying capacity. Experimental particle beads were used to simulate soil passing in front of the cutterhead to obtain the carrying capacity under different slurry ratios, i.e., to obtain the optimal slurry physical properties for different geological environments. The carrying capacity was evaluated using the following method: (amount of particles collected from the quarry + amount of particles settled in the circulating tank) / amount of particles entering in front of the cutterhead; a higher value indicates better carrying capacity. Specifically, K1 is the feed inlet, K2 is the discharge outlet, K3 is the backwash outlet, K4 is the flushing outlet, F1 is the feed pump, F2 is the discharge pump, F3 is the flushing pump, M1 and M2 are shut-off valves, and P is the quarry box.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the soil propulsion device 5 includes a mounting frame, a pusher plate, and a soil bin. The soil bin is mounted on the mounting frame and can be connected to the end of the mud simulation bin 4. The soil bin is used to store soil and rock. The pusher plate is movably mounted in the soil bin and can move along a first direction to allow the soil and rock in the soil bin to enter the mud simulation bin 4. In this embodiment, the mounting frame is mounted on one side of the mud simulation bin 4 in the opposite direction to the first direction. The mounting frame is also equipped with a reaction frame diagonal brace, the end of which abuts against the vertical part of the upper part of the mounting frame. The soil bin is a cylindrical structure and is filled with soil and rock. A movable pusher plate is installed in the soil bin. The pusher plate is used to push the soil and rock inside the soil bin along the first direction, thereby transporting the soil and rock into the mud simulation bin 4 to simulate the tunneling operation of the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system under real conditions.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the soil propulsion device 5 also includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is mounted on a mounting frame and its output end is connected to a push plate. In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the upper part of the mounting frame, and its output end is connected to the push plate, thereby driving the push plate to push the soil and rock inside the soil bin.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system includes a fixed base 6, and a drive unit 1, a slurry simulation chamber 4, a slurry inlet pump, and a slurry outlet pump are all mounted on the fixed base 6. In this embodiment, the drive unit 1, the slurry simulation chamber 4, the slurry inlet pump, and the slurry outlet pump are all fixed to the fixed base 6 below by bolts, thereby ensuring the stability of the multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system during the test, and also enhancing the overall integrity of the multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system, facilitating overall handling and movement.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system also includes a central rotating body 7, which is mounted on the slurry simulation chamber 4. The central rotating body 7 can rotate in conjunction with the cutterhead, and the slurry inlet pipe is mounted on the central rotating body 7. In this embodiment, the central rotating body 7 is a common device in the shield tunneling field. The central rotating body 7 is sleeved on the drive shaft of the cutterhead and connected to the slurry simulation chamber 4. The drive device 1 can drive the cutterhead to rotate relative to the central rotating body 7. The slurry inlet pipe is mounted on the central rotating body 7. When the cutterhead rotates to simulate tunneling, the slurry inlet pipe will not rotate with the cutterhead because it is mounted on the central rotating body 7, thereby preventing the slurry inlet pipe from twisting and tangling during the tunneling simulation test, ensuring the normal progress of the tunneling simulation test.

[0049] This embodiment also provides a multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test method, which uses the above-mentioned multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system and includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Test particles are fed into the feed inlet of the mud simulation chamber 4. In this embodiment, the test particles are colored hard spheres, and the mud is prepared by the operator using a transparent viscous liquid, so as to facilitate the operator to observe the movement of particles inside the mud simulation chamber 4.

[0051] S2. Start the drive device 1 to rotate the cutterhead, and start the slurry inlet pump and slurry outlet pump to put the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system into the slurry circulation simulation mode. The slurry carries the test particles in the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system. In this embodiment, the operator starts the drive device 1 to drive the cutterhead to rotate, and then turns on the slurry inlet pump and slurry outlet pump to put the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system into the slurry circulation simulation mode, so that the test particles move in the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system.

[0052] S3. Observe and record the trajectory of the test particles in the mud simulation chamber 4. In this embodiment, a laser Doppler velocimeter and an industrial camera are installed on the outside of the mud simulation chamber 4 to record and detect the trajectory and speed of the test particles in the mud simulation chamber 4, so as to explain the causes of problems such as shield attitude deflection, cutter wear and cutter cake formation from a mechanistic perspective.

[0053] S4. Turn off the drive unit 1, the slurry inlet pump, and the slurry outlet pump. Remove the transparent cover and install the soil propulsion device 5 at one end of the mud simulation chamber 4. In this embodiment, after the above-mentioned tunneling simulation test is completed, the operator turns off the drive unit 1, the slurry inlet pump, and the slurry outlet pump, removes the transparent cover at the end of the mud simulation chamber 4, and then installs the soil propulsion device 5 at the original position of the transparent cover, thereby enabling the delivery of soil and rock into the mud simulation chamber 4.

[0054] S5. Start the drive device 1 to rotate the cutterhead, and start the slurry inlet pump, slurry outlet pump, and soil propulsion device 5 to put the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system into the slurry circulation simulation mode. The slurry drives the soil and rock to circulate in the multi-functional slurry balance shield tunneling test system. In this embodiment, the operator starts the drive device 1 again to rotate the cutterhead and starts the slurry inlet pump, slurry outlet pump, and soil propulsion device 5 to deliver soil and rock into the cutterhead and slurry simulation chamber 4 to simulate the coupled movement of slurry and soil particles during the cutting and tunneling of real soil.

[0055] S6. Observe and record the movement trajectory of the soil and rock in the mud simulation chamber 4, and study the slag-carrying capacity of the mud. In this embodiment, the operator uses a laser Doppler velocimeter and an industrial camera to record and detect the movement trajectory and speed of mud and soil particles in the mud simulation chamber 4, thereby verifying the aforementioned simulation test of the test particles and obtaining the impact and damage of mud and soil particles on the tunnel boring machine under real conditions.

[0056] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system, characterized in that, include: Cutterhead; A driving device (1) is connected to the cutter head and is used to drive the cutter head to rotate. Mud tank (3), the mud tank (3) is used to store and settle mud; A mud simulation chamber (4) is a cylindrical structure made of transparent material. A cutterhead is located at one end of the mud simulation chamber (4), and the other end of the mud simulation chamber (4) can be detachably connected to a transparent cover plate. The other end of the mud simulation chamber (4) can also be connected to a soil propulsion device (5), which is used to transport soil and rock into the mud simulation chamber (4). The mud simulation chamber (4) has an inlet, a discharge outlet, a backwash outlet, and multiple slurry flushing inlets. The inlet is located on the transparent cover plate. The discharge outlet is located on the mud simulation chamber. The bottom of the silo (4) is connected to the mud tank (3) through the slurry discharge pipe; the multiple slurry inlet flushing ports are set on the side wall of the mud simulation silo (4) and connected to the mud tank (3) through the slurry inlet pipe; the slurry discharge port is provided with stirring impellers on the left and right sides; the backwash port is connected to the slurry discharge pipe in two directions; the multiple slurry inlet flushing ports are respectively connected to multiple flushing pipes, the multiple flushing pipes are respectively connected to the main slurry inlet pipe and the main slurry discharge pipe, and a connecting pipe is provided between the main slurry inlet pipe and the main slurry discharge pipe. Ball valves are provided on the slurry discharge pipe, the flushing pipe, the main slurry inlet pipe, the main slurry discharge pipe and the connecting pipe, and multiple quarry boxes are provided on the main slurry discharge pipe. A slurry pump is installed on the main slurry inlet pipe, which is connected to a flushing pipeline through the slurry flushing port, and the flushing pipeline is equipped with a flushing pump. A slurry discharge pump, which is installed on the main slurry discharge pipe; The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system also includes a bypass pipeline, which includes a first bypass pipe and a second bypass pipe. One end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry inlet pipe at the inlet end of the slurry pump, and the other end of the first bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry outlet pipe at the outlet end of the slurry discharge pump. One end of the second bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry inlet pipe at the outlet end of the slurry inlet pump, and the other end of the second bypass pipe is connected to the main slurry outlet pipe at the inlet end of the slurry outlet pump. Simulate shield tunneling mode, reverse washing mode, and bypass mode to simulate the scouring flow rate under various slurry shield propulsion conditions, thereby obtaining the optimal slurry flow field control strategy in the slurry chamber. Subsequently, under different flow rates and ratios, experimental particle beads were used to simulate the passage of soil in front of the cutterhead in order to obtain the slag carrying capacity under different mud ratios.

2. The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil propulsion device (5) includes a mounting frame, a pusher plate, and a soil bin. The soil bin is mounted on the mounting frame and can be connected to the end of the mud simulation bin (4). The soil bin is used to store soil and rock. The pusher plate is movably mounted in the soil bin and can move along a first direction to allow the soil and rock in the soil bin to enter the mud simulation bin (4).

3. The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil propulsion device (5) also includes a hydraulic cylinder, which is mounted on the mounting frame and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the push plate.

4. The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system includes a fixed base (6), and the drive device (1), the slurry simulation chamber (4), the slurry inlet pump and the slurry outlet pump are all mounted on the fixed base (6).

5. The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system also includes a central rotating body (7), which is set on the slurry simulation chamber (4). The central rotating body (7) can rotate and cooperate with the cutterhead, and the slurry inlet pipe is set on the central rotating body (7).

6. A multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test method, characterized in that, Using the multifunctional slurry balance shield tunneling test system as described in any one of claims 1-5, the following steps are included: S1. The test particles are fed into the feed inlet of the mud simulation chamber (4); S2. Start the drive device (1) to make the cutterhead rotate, and start the slurry pump and the slurry discharge pump to make the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system enter the slurry circulation simulation mode. The slurry drives the test particles to circulate in the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system. S3. Observe and record the movement trajectory of the test particles in the mud simulation chamber (4); S4. Turn off the drive device (1), the slurry pump and the slurry discharge pump, remove the transparent cover and install the soil propulsion device (5) at one end of the mud simulation chamber (4); S5. Start the drive device (1) to make the cutterhead rotate, and start the slurry pump, the slurry discharge pump and the soil propulsion device (5) to make the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system enter the slurry circulation simulation mode, and the slurry drives the soil and rock to circulate in the multi-functional slurry balance shield test system. S6. Observe and record the movement trajectory of the soil and rock in the mud simulation chamber (4), and study the slag-carrying capacity of the mud.

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