A hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of anti-icing technology and provides a hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating that solves the problems of poor wear resistance and inadequate anti-icing effect of existing low-ice adhesion coatings in low-temperature and high-humidity environments. The hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating comprises a surface layer formed by a hydrogel component, a lubricant component, and modified micro / nano particles. The modified micro / nano particles are interwoven within the hydrogel component to form a three-dimensional network structure. This three-dimensional network structure forms a superhydrophobic micro / nano structure on the upper surface of the surface layer. The lubricant component permeates within the three-dimensional network structure, and the hydrogel component is covalently bonded to the modified micro / nano particles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anti-icing technology, specifically to a hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating. Background Technology

[0002] Icing and frost formation cause great inconvenience to people's production and life and can result in huge economic losses. In particular, for some equipment that needs to operate in cold environments, such as wind turbine blades and aircraft propellers, once ice adheres to the surface of the operating equipment, it will cause the weight of these equipment to increase sharply, the center of gravity to shift during operation, and the surrounding flow field to change, which will greatly affect the performance of the equipment and may even lead to equipment damage and serious consequences.

[0003] To address the problem of icing or frosting on equipment, various surface heating structures and surface coating materials have been proposed in existing technologies. While surface heating structures can continuously heat and defrost, they are energy-intensive, costly, and involve complex construction processes. Surface coating materials, on the other hand, utilize their hydrophobic and lubricating properties to achieve anti-icing, de-icing, and frost prevention effects on equipment surfaces. Compared to surface heating structures, they offer advantages such as lower cost, lower energy consumption, and easier implementation.

[0004] Existing technologies have studied the ice adhesion effects of various surface coating materials, such as superhydrophobic coatings and materials infused with lubricants. Superhydrophobic coatings, due to their micro / nano structures, can significantly increase the surface contact angle, thereby reducing water droplet adhesion. However, a single micro / nano structure can easily create a mechanical interlock between the ice and the coating, making surface ice difficult to remove. Furthermore, conventional micro / nano structures have poor mechanical wear resistance, and once worn, they lose their anti-icing effect. A single lubricating surface structure is generally ineffective at resisting the adhesion of water droplets and mist droplets, and therefore is not suitable for low-temperature and high-humidity environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating with high durability and hydrophobic properties, which can solve the problem of poor anti-icing effect of existing hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coatings in low temperature and high humidity environments.

[0006] The hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating comprises a surface layer composed of a hydrogel component, a lubricant component, and modified micro / nanoparticles. The modified micro / nanoparticles are interwoven in the hydrogel component to form a three-dimensional network structure. The three-dimensional network structure forms a superhydrophobic micro / nano structure on the upper surface of the surface layer. The lubricant component permeates into the three-dimensional network structure, and the hydrogel component is covalently bonded to the modified micro / nanoparticles.

[0007] According to the technical solution of the present invention, firstly, the hydrophilic sites of the hydrogel are sufficient to bind water molecules on the coating surface, forming confined water, lowering the freezing point of the liquid, and still forming a water lubricating layer under low temperature and high humidity conditions. Furthermore, it can synergistically form a lubricating layer on the coating surface with the lubricant components, thereby enabling the coating surface to have a lower ice adhesion strength in low temperature and high humidity environments, and improving the anti-icing performance of the coating.

[0008] Secondly, the three-dimensional network structure formed by the modified micro- and nanoparticles can create a rough structure on the coating surface, giving it a superhydrophobic micro- and nanostructure that reduces the adhesion of water droplets. Furthermore, the coating's micro- and nanostructures can trap air within the surface pores, preventing H... + Na + Cl - SO4 2- and OH - It permeates in liquids, thus exhibiting excellent chemical stability in extreme solution environments. In particular, due to the three-dimensional network structure interspersed in the hydrogel component, it can improve the wear resistance of the hydrogel component on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can ensure that even if the surface of the coating is worn, the exposed surface still has the superhydrophobic micro-nano structure composed of the three-dimensional network structure.

[0009] Finally, while hydrogels generally have poor compatibility with lubricants, modified micro- and nanoparticles have good compatibility with lubricant components (especially oily lubricants). Therefore, lubricant components can stably penetrate near the three-dimensional network structure composed of modified micro- and nanoparticles. At the same time, the covalent bond between modified micro- and nanoparticles and hydrogel makes the structure between lubricant components and hydrogel components more stable. The lubricant can be uniformly distributed in the hydrogel around the three-dimensional network skeleton, improving the toughness and lubrication performance of the coating.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the modified micro-nanoparticles include composite nanoparticles of carbon nanotubes and silica, with silica grown in situ on the surface of carbon nanotubes.

[0011] According to this preferred technical solution, carbon nanotubes may include single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, or a combination of both. By growing silica particles in situ on the surface of carbon nanotubes, strong connections can be formed between the modified micro- and nano-particles, greatly improving the mechanical wear resistance of the coating. Furthermore, the three-dimensional network formed by silica and carbon nanotubes will give the coating surface micro- and nano-pores. These micro- and nano-pores can trap air, thereby preventing the penetration of water and corrosive ions and giving the coating better corrosion resistance.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the modified micro- and nanoparticles are prepared by combining composite nanoparticles with fluorocarbon compounds.

[0013] According to this preferred technical solution, fluorocarbon compounds can, on the one hand, improve the chemical hydrophobicity of modified micro-nano particles, that is, improve the hydrophobic and anti-icing properties of the coating; on the other hand, fluorocarbon compounds can reduce the surface energy of silicon dioxide, so that more lubricant can be retained in the three-dimensional network formed by the modified micro-nano particles, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the coating.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the fluorocarbon compound is perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and the modified micro / nanoparticles are prepared by reacting perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane with composite nanoparticles in anhydrous ethanol solution.

[0015] According to the preferred technical solution, perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane can bond with silicon dioxide in an alcohol solution through strong chemical bonds (silicon-oxygen bonds), making the coating structure more stable. Furthermore, the good hydrophobicity of perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane can further improve the hydrophobic and anti-icing performance of the coating.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the hydrogel component is prepared by free radical copolymerization of zwitterionic monomers and carboxyl-terminated monomers.

[0017] According to the preferred technical solution, the hydrogel formed by zwitterions and terminal carboxyl monomers has good hydrophilicity. Its hydrophilic sites can bind water molecules to form confined water, which lowers the freezing point of water on the coating surface, thereby enabling the formation of a water lubricating layer at low temperatures. This layer works synergistically with the lubricant to increase the lubrication effect on the coating surface.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the zwitterionic monomer is one or more combinations of dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine, carboxylate betaine methacrylate, and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and the terminal carboxyl monomer is one or more combinations of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and undecenoic acid.

[0019] According to this preferred technical solution, a terminal carboxyl monomer with carbon-carbon double bonds is used, which can undergo free radical polymerization with zwitterionic monomers to generate zwitterionic hydrogel copolymers, making the coating structure more stable and having good hydrophilicity.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the zwitterionic monomer can be dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine, the terminal carboxyl monomer can be acrylic acid, and the free radical initiator can be azobisisobutyronitrile.

[0021] According to this preferred technical solution, dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine and acrylic acid undergo free radical polymerization to generate dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine acrylic acid copolymer, which can form a water-lubricating layer at a lower temperature and reduce ice adhesion strength.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the modified micro / nanoparticles and hydrogel components are covalently bonded after being mixed in an ethanol-water solution to obtain a coating precursor.

[0023] According to this preferred technical solution, in an alcohol solution, carbon nanotubes and silica in the modified micro-nano particles combine to form a three-dimensional network. At the same time, the unreacted hydroxyl groups on the silica surface can covalently bond with the carboxyl groups on the surface of the hydrogel component. The three-dimensional network formed by the modified micro-nano particles can serve as the framework of the coating, fixing the hydrogel component and the lubricant component, making the coating structure more stable and its toughness better.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, the surface layer is prepared by immersing the coating precursor in a lubricant and allowing it to stand for at least 24 hours.

[0025] According to this preferred technical solution, the lubricant penetrates into the coating from the surface of the coating precursor along the three-dimensional network skeleton of the modified micro-nanoparticles, and after standing for more than 24 hours, it can fill the three-dimensional network skeleton of the coating. Thus, even if the coating surface is worn, the exposed coating surface not only has a superhydrophobic micro-nano structure formed by the three-dimensional network, but also has the lubricating properties of the lubricant. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is an experimental diagram showing the static water contact angle of the sample coating prepared in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a line graph showing the relationship between the ice block sliding angle and temperature of the sample coating prepared in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a line graph showing the frosting delay time of the sample coating prepared in the embodiments of the present invention at different temperatures. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] This embodiment provides a hydrophobic lubricating anti-icing coating, which includes a surface layer formed by a composite of a hydrogel component, a lubricant component, and modified micro / nanoparticles.

[0031] [Hydrogel Components]

[0032] The hydrogel component can be any type of hydrogel, as long as it can be covalently bonded to the modified micro / nanoparticles. Preferably, when the modified micro / nanoparticles contain silica, the hydrogel component can include a polymer hydrogel with terminal carboxyl groups, so that the terminal carboxyl groups of the hydrogel can covalently bond with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of silica.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, the hydrogel component is prepared by free radical copolymerization of zwitterions and carboxyl-terminated monomers. For example, the zwitterions may include one or more combinations of dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine, carboxylate betaine methacrylate, and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine. The carboxyl-terminated monomers may include one or more combinations of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and undecenoic acid. The free radical initiator may include one or more combinations of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptanenitrile, cumene hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, and benzoyl. The free radical polymerization reaction between the zwitterions and the carboxyl-terminated monomers produces a hydrogel component with good hydrophilicity. Its hydrophilic sites can bind water molecules on the coating surface, forming confined water, lowering the freezing point of water on the coating surface. Even under low temperature and high humidity conditions, it can still form a water-lubricating layer, reducing ice adhesion strength, and synergistically with lubricants to increase the lubrication effect of the coating surface, thus improving the anti-icing performance of the coating.

[0034] [Modified micro / nanoparticles]

[0035] Modified micro / nanoparticles are interwoven within the hydrogel component to form a three-dimensional network structure. This three-dimensional network structure forms a superhydrophobic micro / nano structure on the upper surface of the surface layer. Preferably, the modified micro / nanoparticles may include composite nanoparticles of carbon nanotubes and silica, with silica grown in situ on the surface of the carbon nanotubes. The use of tetraethyl orthosilicate enables the in-situ growth of silica particles on the surface of carbon nanotubes, resulting in strong connections between the modified micro / nanoparticles and significantly improving the mechanical wear resistance of the coating. Furthermore, the three-dimensional network formed by silica and carbon nanotubes creates micro / nanopores on the coating surface, which trap air within these pores, thus preventing H2O from escaping. + Na + Cl - SO4 2- and OH - This allows for penetration into liquids, resulting in excellent chemical stability even in extreme solution environments. In particular, the three-dimensional network interspersed within the hydrogel components gives the coating a self-healing superhydrophobic micro / nano structure, reducing the adhesion of water droplets to the surface. Even if the coating surface is worn, the exposed new surface still retains the superhydrophobic micro / nano structure formed by the modified micro / nanoparticle three-dimensional network.

[0036] More preferably, the modified micro / nanoparticles are prepared by combining composite nanoparticles with fluorocarbon compounds. The fluorocarbon compounds may include one or more combinations of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(perfluoropropoxy)propoxy)propionic acid, perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane. For example, the modified micro / nanoparticles can be prepared by reacting composite nanoparticles and perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane in anhydrous ethanol solution. Perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane can bond with silicon dioxide in alcohol solution through strong chemical bonds (silicon-oxygen bonds), which can improve the chemical hydrophobicity of the modified micro / nanoparticles, i.e., improve the hydrophobic and anti-icing properties of the coating. Furthermore, perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane can reduce the surface energy of silicon dioxide, allowing the three-dimensional network formed by the modified micro / nanoparticles to retain more lubricant, thus improving the lubrication effect of the coating.

[0037] In this embodiment, modified micro / nanoparticles and hydrogel components are covalently bonded after being mixed in an ethanol-water solution to obtain a coating precursor. In the alcohol solution, carbon nanotubes and silica in the modified micro / nanoparticles combine to form a three-dimensional network. At the same time, unreacted hydroxyl groups on the silica surface can also covalently bond with carboxyl groups on the surface of the hydrogel component. The three-dimensional network formed by the modified micro / nanoparticles can serve as the framework of the coating, fixing the hydrogel component and lubricant component, making the coating structure more stable and its toughness better.

[0038] [Lubricant Components]

[0039] The lubricant can be any type, preferably silicone oil. Silicone oil can uniformly penetrate into the hydrogel component along the three-dimensional network formed by the modified micro / nanoparticles and stably surround the vicinity of the three-dimensional network skeleton. Even if the surface of the coating is worn, the exposed three-dimensional network skeleton can still ensure the lubrication performance and superhydrophobic properties of the coating. Preferably, the surface layer is prepared by immersing the coating precursor in the lubricant and allowing it to stand for at least 24 hours. After standing for more than 24 hours, it can fill the three-dimensional network skeleton of the coating, maintaining the lubrication performance of the newly exposed surface after wear. The lubricant may include one or more combinations of silicone oil, liquid paraffin, and mineral oil.

[0040] For example, the method for preparing the hydrophobic lubricating anti-icing coating in this embodiment can be as follows:

[0041] Carbon nanotubes (single-walled or multi-walled) were dispersed in a solution. Tetraethyl orthosilicate was added to the mixture under weakly alkaline conditions (pH around 8). After the reaction, the product was washed until the pH was close to neutral and dried to obtain composite nanoparticles of carbon nanotubes and silica. These composite nanoparticles were then reacted with fluorocarbons (one or more combinations of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(perfluoropropoxy)propoxy)propionic acid, perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane). The fluorocarbons bonded to the silica particles on the surface of the composite nanoparticles, yielding modified micro / nanoparticles. Then, an amphoteric monomer (one or more of dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine, carboxylate betaine methacrylate, and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) is mixed with a carboxyl-terminated monomer (one or more of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and undecenoic acid), and a free radical initiator is added. Free radical polymerization occurs between the amphoteric monomer and the carboxyl-terminated monomer to obtain a hydrogel precursor. Finally, the modified micro / nanoparticles and the hydrogel precursor are uniformly dispersed and reacted in a solution, and then coated. The coated substrate is then immersed in a lubricant (including one or more of silicone oil, liquid paraffin, and mineral oil) and left to stand for more than 24 hours to obtain the hydrophobic lubricating anti-icing coating of this embodiment.

[0042] In this embodiment, firstly, the hydrophilic sites of the hydrogel can bind water molecules on the coating surface, forming confined water and lowering the freezing point of the liquid. Even under low-temperature and high-humidity conditions, a water-lubricating layer can still be formed, and it synergistically forms a lubricating layer on the coating surface with the lubricant components. This results in a lower ice adhesion strength on the coating surface in low-temperature and high-humidity environments, improving the coating's anti-icing performance. Secondly, the three-dimensional network structure formed by the modified micro / nanoparticles can create a rough structure on the coating surface, giving it a superhydrophobic micro / nano structure that reduces the adhesion of surface water droplets. Furthermore, the coating's micro / nano structure can trap air in the surface pores, preventing H... + Na + Cl - SO4 2- and OH -The modified micro / nano particles penetrate the liquid, thus exhibiting excellent chemical stability in extreme solution environments. Specifically, the three-dimensional network structure interwoven within the hydrogel component enhances its wear resistance and ensures that even after surface wear, the exposed surface retains the superhydrophobic micro / nano structure formed by the three-dimensional network. Finally, while hydrogels generally have poor compatibility with lubricants, the modified micro / nano particles exhibit good compatibility with lubricant components (especially oily lubricants). Therefore, the lubricant component can stably penetrate near the three-dimensional network structure composed of modified micro / nano particles. Furthermore, the covalent bonds between the modified micro / nano particles and the hydrogel further stabilize the structure between the lubricant and hydrogel components, allowing the lubricant to be uniformly distributed within the hydrogel around the three-dimensional network framework, thereby improving the coating's lubrication performance.

[0043] The following specific material characterization experiments further demonstrate the performance of the hydrophobic lubricating anti-icing coating provided in this embodiment.

[0044] 1. Material preparation

[0045] 1.1 Preparation of modified micro / nanoparticles

[0046] 0.2 g of carboxylic acid carbon nanotubes were dispersed in 50 ml of anhydrous ethanol / distilled water (volume ratio 10:1) solution and stirred at 23±2 °C for 1 h. Then, ammonia was added to adjust the pH to 8. Under magnetic stirring, 6 ml of tetraethyl orthosilicate was added to the mixture, and after reacting for 12 h, the mixture was washed to neutral pH and dried at 80 °C to obtain composite nanoparticles of carbon nanotubes and silica. Subsequently, 1 g of the composite nanoparticles were dispersed in 50 ml of anhydrous ethanol / perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (volume ratio 24:1) solution for 2 h and dried at 70 °C to obtain modified micro / nanoparticles.

[0047] 1.2 Preparation of hydrogel components

[0048] A zwitterionic monomer (dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine), a carboxyl-terminated monomer (acrylic acid), and a free radical initiator (azobisisobutyronitrile) were sequentially added to an aqueous ethanol solution. The reaction environment was a nitrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature was 70°C, and the mixture was stirred continuously for 4 hours to obtain a hydrogel precursor.

[0049] 1.3 Preparation of hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating

[0050] 1 g of modified micro / nanoparticles was dispersed in 20 ml of ethanol aqueous solution and stirred continuously for 1 hour. Then, 2 g of hydrogel precursor was added and magnetically stirred at 70 °C until the hydrogel precursor was completely dissolved. The mixture was then allowed to react for 3 hours to obtain the coating precursor. The coating precursor was then coated onto the surface of the substrate and dried.

[0051] The substrate was immersed in silicone oil and left to stand for 48 hours to allow the lubricant to fully penetrate into the hydrogel, resulting in a hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating. Subsequently, before testing, the substrate was held at a 45° angle to the horizontal for a few minutes to remove excess lubricant from the surface, yielding a sample coating.

[0052] 2. Material Characterization

[0053] 2.1 Hydrophobic and anti-icing adhesion properties of the sample coating

[0054] A water droplet adhesion experiment was conducted on the sample coating, and the morphology and adhesion of water droplets on the sample coating surface were recorded by video observation.

[0055] In water droplet adhesion experiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the static contact angle and roll-off angle of the sample coating are approximately 162° and 3.2°, respectively, indicating superhydrophobicity. When a needle is used to touch a water droplet on the surface of the sample coating, the water droplet is easily carried away by the needle and does not adhere to the coating surface. This shows that the sample coating prepared in this embodiment has superior hydrophobic properties and can prevent the adhesion of surface water droplets, thereby inhibiting the adhesion of ice crystals.

[0056] The coated sample and the uncoated substrate were placed in a temperature-controlled container and then cooled to -10℃, -20℃, -30℃, and -40℃, respectively. Specifically, a liftable platform was placed in the temperature-controlled container to hold the substrate, and liquid nitrogen was placed below the platform for cooling. The temperature was controlled by adjusting the distance between the lifting platform and the liquid nitrogen device. After adjusting the lifting platform to a suitable height and waiting for the substrate on the platform to reach the same temperature as the surrounding environment, an ice block of the same size (10mm*10mm*10mm) was placed on the substrate and held for 10 minutes. Then, the lifting platform was slowly tilted to one side, and the angle of tilt of the platform when the ice block slid was recorded as the sliding angle.

[0057] Figure 2 This is a line graph showing the relationship between the ice cube sliding angle of the sample coating and temperature. Since the uncoated substrate could not slide at -20°C, it was not included in the calculation. Figure 1 Enter the data of the substrate without a coating.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, the sliding angle of the sample coating remains basically unchanged at temperatures above -30℃, and the lowest sliding angle of the sample coating is also smaller than that of the substrate without a coating. This is because the water-lubricating layer formed on the surface of the sample coating, which has a lower freezing point, can work synergistically with the lubricant to reduce the adhesion strength of ice, thus making it easier for ice to slide off the surface of the sample coating.

[0059] When the ambient temperature is below -30°C, the sliding angle of the sample coating begins to increase, but ice still does not adhere to the surface of the sample coating. It can be concluded that the sample coating prepared in this embodiment can still maintain excellent anti-ice adhesion performance at low temperatures.

[0060] 2.2 Anti-frost performance of the sample coating

[0061] The sample coating was placed in a temperature-controlled container. The temperature of the temperature-controlled container was controlled at -10°C, -20°C, -30°C, and -40°C. Then, a gentle water spray was generated inside the temperature-controlled container using an air humidifier (relative humidity of 99% and water consumption of 0.04 L / h). The frost delay time was recorded when the substrate surface became opaque or frosted.

[0062] Figure 3 This is a line graph representing the frosting delay time of the sample coating at different temperatures. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the sample coating prepared in this embodiment can maintain a high frost delay time even in low temperature and high humidity environments. This is because the sample coating contains a hydrophilic hydrogel, whose hydrophilic sites can bind water molecules on the coating surface to form confined water, thereby lowering the freezing point of the liquid. Under low temperature and high humidity conditions, it can still form a water lubricating layer and has good anti-frost and anti-ice adhesion properties.

[0063] 2.3 Mechanical Durability

[0064] The sample coating was rubbed with 50g coarse sandpaper (S3000) for 20 cycles, and then the surface microstructure of the sample coating after rubbing was observed. It can be observed that the new surface of the sample coating still has a superhydrophobic micro / nano structure formed by the three-dimensional network of modified micro / nanoparticles.

[0065] Furthermore, the water droplet repellency of the sample coating before and after the wear test was investigated. It was found that even after the wear test, water droplets still rolled off the sample coating surface rapidly. Subsequently, a water droplet adhesion experiment was conducted on the polished sample coating, and the morphology and adhesion of water droplets on the sample coating surface were recorded by video observation.

[0066] In the water droplet adhesion experiment, the static contact angle and roll-off angle of the sample coating were around 162° and 3.2°, respectively, indicating superhydrophobicity. When a needle was used to touch the surface of the sample coating, the water droplet was easily carried away by the needle and did not adhere to the coating surface. This shows that the sample coating prepared in this embodiment has superior hydrophobic properties and can prevent the adhesion of surface water droplets, thereby inhibiting the adhesion of ice crystals.

[0067] 2.4 Corrosion Resistance

[0068] The sample coating was immersed in water, concentrated H2SO4 solution, concentrated NaOH solution, and NaCl solution, respectively. After 10 days, the contact angle of the sample was measured. After immersion in water, acid, alkali, and salt for 10 days, the contact angle of the sample coating decreased from 162° to 158°. This indicates that the sample coating in this embodiment can still maintain excellent hydrophobic and anti-icing adhesion properties for a long time under humid and highly corrosive environments.

[0069] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrophobic and lubricating anti-icing coating, characterized in that, The surface layer comprises a composite of a hydrogel component, a lubricant component, and modified micro / nanoparticles. The modified micro / nanoparticles are interwoven in the hydrogel component to form a three-dimensional network structure. The three-dimensional network structure forms a superhydrophobic micro / nano structure on the upper surface of the surface layer. The lubricant component permeates into the three-dimensional network structure. The hydrogel component is covalently bonded to the modified micro / nanoparticles. The hydrogel component is prepared by free radical copolymerization of zwitterionic monomers and carboxyl-terminated monomers. The modified micro / nanoparticles and the hydrogel component are covalently bonded after being mixed in an ethanol-water solution to obtain a coating precursor; The surface layer is prepared by immersing the coating precursor in the lubricant and allowing it to stand for at least 24 hours. The modified micro-nanoparticles include composite nanoparticles of carbon nanotubes and silica, wherein the silica is grown in situ on the surface of the carbon nanotubes. The modified micro / nanoparticles are prepared by combining the composite nanoparticles with fluorocarbon compounds; The fluorocarbon compound is perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, and the modified micro / nanoparticles are prepared by reacting the perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane with the composite nanoparticles in anhydrous ethanol solution.

2. The hydrophobic lubricating anti-icing coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The zwitterionic monomer is one or more of dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine, carboxylate betaine methacrylate, and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, and the terminal carboxyl monomer is one or more of methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, and undecenoic acid.

3. The hydrophobic lubricating anti-icing coating as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The zwitterionic monomer is dodecyl ethoxysulfonate betaine, the terminal carboxyl monomer is acrylic acid, and the free radical initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile.

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