Method for turning around a large immersed tube in a dock

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of immersed tube tunnel, and particularly relates to a large-scale immersed tube in-dock turning method, which comprises the following steps: S1: water is poured into a dry dock to make a large-scale immersed tube float up, and a large-scale immersed tube is subjected to a cable operation; S2: the large-scale immersed tube is subjected to a first transverse movement to move from a shallow dock area to a deep dock area turning position; S3: the large-scale immersed tube is subjected to turning and movement at multiple different point positions in the deep dock area, and is subjected to cable adding, cable changing and cable releasing to complete a turning operation of the large-scale immersed tube; and S4: the large-scale immersed tube is subjected to transverse movement to a dock-out axis after turning. Through the turning operation at multiple different point positions in the deep dock area, the turning of the large-scale immersed tube in the deep dock area is completed without the need of expanding the deep dock area, and the problem that a large-scale immersed tube is extremely difficult to turn in a dock due to the fact that a conventional dry dock does not reserve enough space for the large-scale immersed tube to turn in the dock during construction design is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of immersed tunnel technology, and in particular to a method for turning around in a large immersed tunnel dock. Background Technology

[0002] The immersed tube method is a construction method for underwater tunnels. Immersed tube tunnels involve floating several prefabricated large immersed tubes to the sea (or river) surface and then sinking them one by one into a pre-dredged trench. The construction sequence for underwater tunnels built in this way is as follows: First, large immersed tubes (made of steel plates and concrete or reinforced concrete) are fabricated in a dry dock. After the ends of the tube sections are sealed with temporary sealing walls, they are slid into the water (or water is released in the dock) to make them float. Then, they are towed to the tunnel design location, positioned, and then sunk into the pre-dug underwater trench, so that the large immersed tubes are connected to form a whole tunnel.

[0003] After conventional immersed tunnel sections are prefabricated in the dock, no adjustment of the tunnel section orientation is required. That is, the installation orientation of the immersed tunnel section has already determined the orientation of the two ends of the prefabricated tunnel section. At this time, the floating and installation of the immersed tunnel section must be carried out in accordance with the predetermined orientation. When transporting large variable cross-section immersed tunnel sections using semi-submersible barges or integrated vessels, the layout of the stern control room limits the placement of the expanded end of the variable cross-section section to the bow. If the prefabrication of the large immersed tunnel section cannot proceed in the predetermined direction of the semi-submersible barge due to various factors, it must be turned after prefabrication before it can be transported. This involves turning the entire large immersed tunnel section so that the expanded end faces the inside of the deep-dock area (away from the dock entrance). This turning, referencing ship equipment, often requires at least 1.5 times the length of the ship itself. In other words, the length and width of the deep-dock area must be at least 1.5 times that of the large immersed tunnel section. However, conventional dry docks do not consider the turning of large immersed tunnel sections within the dock during their construction design and do not provide sufficient space (at least 1.5 times the length) for this purpose, making turning and reversing the large immersed tunnel section extremely difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that conventional dry docks do not reserve sufficient space for large immersed tubes to turn within the dock, making it extremely difficult for large immersed tubes to turn within the dock. This invention provides a method for turning and turning large immersed tubes within the dock.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for turning and reversing a large immersed tunnel section within a dry dock includes a large immersed tunnel section and a dry dock. The dry dock includes a deep dock area, a shallow dock area, and a dock entrance. The deep dock area and the shallow dock area are arranged laterally. The dock entrance is located on one longitudinal side of the deep dock area, and a departure axis is provided at the dock entrance. The large immersed tunnel section is located within the shallow dock area, and the method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: Fill the dry dock with water to make the large immersed tube float and carry out the large immersed tube cable operation.

[0008] S2: The first lateral movement of the large immersed tunnel after the cable is attached, moving from the shallow dock area to the turning position in the deep dock area;

[0009] S3: The large immersed tunnel section undergoes multiple turns and movements at different points within the deep-water area, and involves adding, replacing, and unloading cables to complete the turning operation of the large immersed tunnel section.

[0010] S4: After the large immersed tube turns around, it is moved laterally to the dock exit axis.

[0011] This invention discloses a method for turning and reversing a large immersed tunnel section within a dock. First, water is pumped into the dry dock to float the large immersed tunnel section, and cable-operated. Then, the large immersed tunnel section is moved laterally to the deep dock area. By performing turning operations at multiple different points within the deep dock area, the turning operation of the large immersed tunnel section can be completed without excavating and expanding the deep dock area. This solves the problem that conventional dry docks often lack sufficient space for turning large immersed tunnel sections during construction and design, making turning extremely difficult. After turning, the large immersed tunnel section is moved laterally to the dock exit axis, facilitating subsequent transportation operations and effectively improving the transfer efficiency of the large immersed tunnel section. This, in turn, helps to accelerate the construction progress and improve construction efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, in step S3, at least three cables are used to position a cable post at one end of the large immersed tube as a positioning and turning point of the large immersed tube. At least two cables are used to pull the large immersed tube along the turning tangent direction on the cable post at the other end of the large immersed tube, and at least two additional cables are used to tail the large immersed tube so that the large immersed tube rotates around the positioning and turning point. When large immersed tunnel sections are turning at multiple different points in the deep-water area, the turning and turning of the large immersed tunnel sections are achieved by cable traction and tailing. Specifically, at least three cables are used to position one of the cable posts of the large immersed tunnel section. By pulling the cable post of the large immersed tunnel section with at least three cables, the positioned cable post serves as a positioning turning point for the large immersed tunnel section. At least two cables are used to pull the large immersed tunnel section along the turning tangent direction of the large immersed tunnel section on the cable post at the other end of the large immersed tunnel section, so that the large immersed tunnel section can rotate around the positioning turning point. This enables the large immersed tunnel section to turn and turn at multiple different points in the deep-water area. Furthermore, since the positioning turning point is fixed by three cables, even if one cable fails during the process, the stability of the turning point can be ensured by the other two cables.

[0013] At least two additional cables are installed on the bollard at the other end of the large immersed tunnel section to guide its tail. When the large immersed tunnel section is turned around and towed by the cable, at least two additional cables are installed to guide its tail to prevent accidents and allow the large immersed tunnel section to rotate more stably around the positioning turning point. At the same time, at least two cables are installed for towing and tailing. If any one of them malfunctions, the attitude of the large tunnel section can be controlled by the other three cables to avoid collision between the large tunnel section and the deep dock area.

[0014] Furthermore, compared to rotation by torque, rotation by a single positioning turning point is simpler. One corner of a large immersed tube is fixed, and rotation can be achieved by applying force to another corner at the other end, without causing large deviations.

[0015] Preferably, in the cables used for positioning the large immersed tunnel bollards, at least two cables form an obtuse angle. This ensures that the bollards can be held in place, facilitating the subsequent turning of the large immersed tunnel around the bollards.

[0016] Preferably, before S1, a first cable post, a second cable post, a third cable post and a fourth cable post are respectively set at the four right angles on the large immersed tube, and each cable post is used to connect the cable.

[0017] The first and second bollards are located in the same longitudinal row and close to the deep dock area; the third and fourth bollards are located in the same longitudinal row and away from the deep dock area; the first and third bollards are located in the same transverse row and close to the dock entrance; the second and fourth bollards are located in the same transverse row and away from the dock entrance.

[0018] It also includes a number of high-water level piles installed along the circumference of the dry dock, each equipped with a cable guide pulley, including the first to the seventeenth high-water level piles. These piles are arranged clockwise along the circumference of the dry dock and in sequence according to their pile numbers.

[0019] The first, second, third, and fourth high-water level piles are sequentially installed on the longitudinal side of the deep dock area away from the shallow dock area; the fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth high-water level piles are sequentially installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area away from the dock entrance; the eleventh and twelfth high-water level piles are sequentially installed on the longitudinal side of the shallow dock area away from the deep dock area; and the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth high-water level piles are sequentially installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area near the dock entrance, with the thirteenth and fourteenth high-water level piles located on the side of the dock entrance closer to the shallow dock area, and the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth high-water level piles located on the side of the dock entrance away from the shallow dock area.

[0020] It also includes several winches arranged along the circumference of the dry dock, including winches one through seven, which are arranged clockwise along the circumference of the dry dock and in numerical order, wherein:

[0021] A first winch is installed on the longitudinal side of the deep dock area away from the shallow dock area, and the first winch is located between the second and third high water level piles; a second winch is installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area away from the dock entrance, and the second winch is close to the seventh high water level pile; a third winch is installed on the longitudinal side of the shallow dock area away from the deep dock area, and the third winch is located between the eleventh and twelfth high water level piles; a fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh winch are installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area close to the dock entrance, and the fourth and fifth winches are located between the thirteenth and fourteenth high water level piles, and the sixth and seventh winches are located between the sixteenth and seventeenth high water level piles.

[0022] Preferably, in S1: four steel cables are installed on four cable posts of the large immersed tube, wherein the tenth steel cable is connected to the first cable post, the first steel cable is connected to the second cable post, the fifth steel cable is connected to the third cable post, and the sixth steel cable is connected to the fourth cable post.

[0023] The shore end of the tenth steel cable passes successively around the seventeenth and fifteenth high water level piles and then connects to the seventh winch; the shore end of the first steel cable passes successively around the fifth and second high water level piles and then connects to the first winch; the shore end of the fifth steel cable passes over the eleventh high water level pile and then connects to the third winch; the shore end of the sixth steel cable passes over the twelfth high water level pile and then connects to the third winch.

[0024] Preferably, in S2: during the first lateral movement of the large immersed tube, the tenth steel cable is wound by the seventh winch, the first steel cable is wound by the first winch, and the fifth and sixth steel cables are loosened by the third winch, so that the large immersed tube can move from the shallow dock area to the deep dock area.

[0025] Before the lateral movement, the first high-strength cable is installed on the first cable post, the third high-strength cable is installed on the third cable post, and the fourth high-strength cable is installed on the fourth cable post. The cables are then manually pulled along with the large immersed tube as it moves laterally. The shore end of the first high-strength cable is connected to the eighth high-water level pile, the shore end of the third high-strength cable is connected to the seventh high-water level pile, and the shore end of the fourth high-strength cable is connected to the sixth high-water level pile.

[0026] After the large immersed tube is moved laterally for the first time, the shore ends of the third and fourth high-strength cables are loosened and retrieved to their respective mooring posts. The shore end of the first high-strength cable is then moved to the fourteenth high-water level pile. At the same time, the second high-strength cable is connected to the second mooring post, and the shore end of the second high-strength cable is connected to the eighth high-water level pile.

[0027] Preferably, step S3 further includes the following step:

[0028] S31: The large immersed tube is cabled and rotated clockwise by 40° to 50° around the second cable post for the first time. Specifically: a second steel cable and an eighth steel cable are added to the large immersed tube. The second steel cable is connected to the first cable post, and the shore end of the second steel cable passes around the fourth high water level pile and is connected to the first winch. The eighth steel cable is connected to the third cable post, and the shore end of the eighth steel cable passes around the fourteenth high water level pile and is connected to the fifth winch.

[0029] Before the large immersed tunnel undergoes its first clockwise turn, the second anchor is positioned using the first steel cable, the fourth steel cable, and the second high-strength cable. During the first clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel, the tenth steel cable is twisted, the second steel cable assists in the twisting, the fifth steel cable is loosened, and the eighth steel cable is unloaded. The cable is then pulled in and out as needed, allowing the large immersed tunnel to rotate clockwise around the second anchor by 40° to 50° with the cooperation of multiple cables.

[0030] Among them, before turning, the shore end of the first high-strength cable is loosened so that the first high-strength cable is pulled back to the first cable post.

[0031] S32: Replace the cables on the large immersed tube and make a second clockwise turn of 40° to 50° around the first cable post. First, release the fifth steel cable on the large immersed tube and add a seventh steel cable. The seventh steel cable is connected to the fourth cable post of the large immersed tube, and the shore end of the seventh steel cable passes around the fourteenth high water level pile and is connected to the fourth winch. Then, connect the shore end of the first high-strength cable to the second high water level pile.

[0032] Before the large immersed tunnel undergoes its second clockwise turn, the first anchor post is positioned using the tenth steel cable, the second steel cable, and the first high-strength cable. During the second clockwise turn, the sixth steel cable is wound, the seventh steel cable is wound as needed, the first and fourth steel cables are loosened, the second high-strength cable is released from its shore end in advance, and the eighth steel cable is loosened as needed, allowing the large immersed tunnel to turn clockwise by 28°–32° around the first anchor post with the cooperation of multiple cables. Then, the seventh steel cable is wound, and the sixth cable assists in winding and releasing, allowing the large immersed tunnel to turn clockwise by another 12°–18° around the first anchor post until the second clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel 1 is completed.

[0033] S33: The large immersed tube section is partially uncabled and moves longitudinally for the first time. The first steel cable is released, the second and fourth steel cables are twisted, the seventh and eighth steel cables are loosened, and the tenth and sixth steel cables are loosened in a timely manner, so that the large immersed tube can move longitudinally with the cooperation of multiple cables.

[0034] Among them, before the first longitudinal movement of the large immersed tube, the first high-strength cable was loosened in time.

[0035] S34: The large immersed tube is cabled and rotated clockwise for the third time by 40° to 50° around the fourth cable post. During this process, the tenth steel cable is released and a third steel cable is added. The third steel cable is connected to the first cable post of the large immersed tube. The shore end of the third steel cable passes around the eighth high water level pile and is connected to the second winch. The shore end of the first high-strength cable is moved to the third high water level pile. Then, the fourth high-strength cable on the fourth cable post is connected to the thirteenth high water level pile.

[0036] Before the large immersed tunnel undergoes its third clockwise turn, the seventh steel cable, the fourth high-strength cable, and the sixth steel cable are used to position the fourth bollard.

[0037] When the large immersed tube makes its third clockwise turn, the third steel cable is twisted, the second steel cable is twisted in time and then loosened, the eighth steel cable is loosened, and the fourth steel cable is loosened, so that the large immersed tube can turn 40° to 50° clockwise around the fourth cable post with the cooperation of multiple cables.

[0038] During the third clockwise turn of the large immersed tube, the first high-strength cable was loosened in time and moved to the third cable post, becoming the fifth high-strength cable.

[0039] S35: The large immersed tunnel section undergoes cable replacement and a fourth clockwise 45° turn around the first cable post. New high-strength cables (first, first, ninth, and tenth) are added to the large immersed tunnel section, while the second and eighth steel cables are disconnected. The first high-strength cable is connected to the first cable post, with its shore end connected to the ninth high-water level pile. The first steel cable is also connected to the first cable post, with its shore end successively passing over the fifth and second high-water level piles before connecting to the first winch. The ninth steel cable is connected to the third cable post, with its shore end passing over the sixteenth high-water level pile before connecting to the sixth winch. The tenth steel cable is connected to the fourth cable post, with its shore end successively passing over the seventeenth and fifteenth high-water level piles before connecting to the seventh winch.

[0040] Before the large immersed tunnel undergoes its fourth clockwise turn, the first steel cable, the first high-strength cable, and the third steel cable are used to position the first anchor post. During the fourth clockwise turn, the tenth steel cable is twisted, the seventh steel cable is twisted first, and the fourth and sixth steel cables are loosened, causing the large immersed tunnel to turn clockwise by 28° to 32°. Then, the seventh steel cable is loosened in a timely manner, the tenth steel cable continues to twist, and the fourth and sixth cables are loosened at their tails. When the first or third steel cable is no longer under tension, the ninth steel cable is twisted in a timely manner, allowing the large immersed tunnel to turn clockwise by 12° to 18° around the first anchor post with the cooperation of multiple cables, until the fourth clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel is completed, thus completing the turning and reversal of the large immersed tunnel.

[0041] This invention discloses a method for turning and reversing large immersed tunnel sections within a dock. By combining rotation and movement, the turning and reversing process is decomposed, enabling effective utilization of the deep dock area space during construction and thus improving construction safety. Simultaneously, by performing multiple turning points in conjunction with movement, and controlling the rotation angle each time, the 180-degree rotation is divided into multiple smaller angles, allowing for control of cable stress. This enables large tunnel sections to perform turning operations in deep dock areas where there is insufficient space for turning. Furthermore, by continuously adding, replacing, and untying cables, the cable stress is controlled, ensuring stable cable stress on each tunnel section in every state, further enhancing safety.

[0042] Preferably, step S4 further includes the following step:

[0043] S41: After the large immersed tube is adjusted, it moves laterally to the vicinity of the dock exit axis for the second time;

[0044] S42: The large immersed tube is laterally positioned on the docking axis;

[0045] S43: The large immersed tube is moored on the docking axis.

[0046] Preferably, after the large immersed tube is moored on the undocking axis, the following steps are also included:

[0047] S5: After being secured with cables, the large immersed tunnel section is moved to the designated transport berth;

[0048] S6: Mooring and unmooring of large immersed tube sections.

[0049] Preferably, a ballast water tank is installed inside the large immersed tube. In S1, when water is poured into the dry dock, ballast water is also poured into the ballast water tank to prevent the large immersed tube from floating up on its own as the water level in the dry dock rises.

[0050] Once the water tightness test of the large immersed tube is completed and the water level in the dry dock reaches the standard, the ballast water in the ballast water tank of the large immersed tube will be discharged outside the tube, and the large immersed tube will be leveled and the dry chord height adjusted.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0052] 1. The present invention discloses a method for turning and reversing a large immersed tunnel section within a dock. First, water is pumped into the dry dock to float the large immersed tunnel section, and cable-operated operations are performed. Then, the large immersed tunnel section is moved laterally to the deep dock area. Turning operations are then performed at multiple different points within the deep dock area, enabling the large immersed tunnel section to turn within the deep dock area without requiring excavation or expansion. This solves the problem that conventional dry docks often lack sufficient space for turning large immersed tunnel sections during construction and design, making turning extremely difficult. After turning, the large immersed tunnel section is moved laterally to the dock exit axis, facilitating subsequent transportation operations and effectively improving the transport efficiency of the large immersed tunnel section. This, in turn, helps to accelerate the construction progress and improve construction efficiency. Attached image description:

[0053] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the dry dock of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a large immersed tunnel.

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram before the first lateral movement of the large immersed tube.

[0056] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of part A.

[0057] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram after the first lateral movement of the large immersed tube.

[0058] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of part A.

[0059] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube making its first clockwise turn around the second bollard.

[0060] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube before its second clockwise turn around the first cable post.

[0061] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified view of part C.

[0062] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube after it has made its second clockwise turn around the first cable post.

[0063] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the first longitudinal movement of a large immersed tube.

[0064] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 A magnified view of a portion at point D.

[0065] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube before its third clockwise turn around the fourth cable bollard.

[0066] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A magnified view of a portion of point E.

[0067] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube after it has made its third clockwise turn around the fourth cable post.

[0068] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube before its fourth clockwise turn around the first cable post.

[0069] Figure 17 yes Figure 16 A magnified view of a portion of point F.

[0070] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube after its fourth clockwise turn around the first cable post.

[0071] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a large immersed tunnel section turning around in the deep-water area.

[0072] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube being moved laterally for the second time to near the docking axis 64.

[0073] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the large immersed tube being moved laterally and positioned on the docking axis.

[0074] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a large immersed tube moored on the docking axis.

[0075] Figure 23 yes Figure 22 A magnified view of a portion of point G.

[0076] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating the movement of a large immersed tunnel section to a designated transport berth after being secured with cables. Figure 1 .

[0077] Figure 25 yes Figure 25 A magnified view of a portion of point H.

[0078] Figure 26 This is a diagram illustrating the movement of a large immersed tunnel section to a designated transport berth after being secured with cables. Figure 2 .

[0079] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the mooring and unmooring of a large immersed tube.

[0080] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock.

[0081] Markings in the diagram: 1-Immersed tunnel section, 101-Enlarged end, 21-First high-strength cable, 22-Second high-strength cable, 23-Third high-strength cable, 24-Fourth high-strength cable, 31-First steel cable, 32-Second steel cable, 33-Third steel cable, 34-Fourth steel cable, 35-Fifth steel cable, 36-Sixth steel cable, 37-Seventh steel cable, 38-Eighth steel cable, 39-Ninth steel cable, 310-Tenth steel cable, 41-First cable post, 42-Second cable post, 43-Third cable post, 44-Fourth cable post, 51-First winch, 52-Second winch, 53-Third winch, 54-Fourth winch, 55-Fifth winch, 56-Sixth winch, 57-... 7. Winch, 6. Dry dock, 61. Deep dock area, 62. Shallow dock area, 63. Dock entrance, 64. Dock exit axis, 71. First high water level pile, 72. Second high water level pile, 73. Third high water level pile, 74. Fourth high water level pile, 75. Fifth high water level pile, 76. Sixth high water level pile, 77. Seventh high water level pile, 78. Eighth high water level pile, 79. Ninth high water level pile, 710. Tenth high water level pile, 711. Eleventh high water level pile, 712. Twelfth high water level pile, 713. Thirteenth high water level pile, 714. Fourteenth high water level pile, 715. Fifteenth high water level pile, 716. Sixteenth high water level pile, 717. Seventeenth high water level pile. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] like Figures 1-23 , Figure 28 As shown in this embodiment, a method for turning around in a large immersed tunnel dock includes the following steps:

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, the dry dock 6 in this embodiment includes a deep dock area 61, a shallow dock area 62, and a dock opening 63. The deep dock area 61 and the shallow dock area 62 are arranged horizontally, and the dock opening 63 is located on one longitudinal side of the deep dock area 61. In this embodiment, "horizontal" refers to the direction in which the shallow dock area 62 extends towards the deep dock area 61, and "longitudinal" refers to the direction perpendicular to the direction in which the shallow dock area 62 extends towards the deep dock area 61.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, the large immersed tunnel 1 has an enlarged end 101, and the large immersed tunnel 1 is equipped with several cable posts, including a first cable post 41, a second cable post 42, a third cable post 43, and a fourth cable post 44 located at the four right angles of the large immersed tunnel 1. The large immersed tunnel 1 is located within the shallow dock area 62, as shown. Figure 1,in:

[0087] The first bollard 41 and the second bollard 42 are located in the same longitudinal row and close to the deep dock area 61; the third bollard 43 and the fourth bollard 44 are located in the same longitudinal row and away from the deep dock area 61; the first bollard 41 and the third bollard 43 are located in the same transverse row and close to the dock opening 63; the second bollard 42 and the fourth bollard 44 are located in the same transverse row and away from the dock opening 63, wherein the enlarged end 101 is on the same side as the first bollard 41 and the third bollard 43.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, the large immersed tube 1 is placed in the shallow dock area 62 with its length direction parallel to the longitudinal direction. The direction from the first cable post 41 to the second cable post 42 is the length direction of the large immersed tube 1. The enlarged end 101 of the large immersed tube 1 faces the lateral outer side of the deep dock area 61. The lateral outer side of the deep dock area 61 refers to the lateral side of the deep dock area 61 close to the dock opening 63. In order to facilitate the transportation of the large immersed tube 1, it is necessary to turn the large immersed tube 1 around so that the enlarged end 101 faces the lateral inner side of the deep dock area 61. The lateral inner side of the deep dock area 61 refers to the lateral side of the deep dock area 61 away from the dock opening 63.

[0089] In this embodiment, the lateral and longitudinal dimensions of the deep dock area 61 must be greater than the longitudinal length of the large immersed tube 1, and the margin only needs to be greater than 3 / 20 of the longitudinal length of the large immersed tube 1. Compared with the existing requirement of more than 1.5 times the length of the immersed tube, its requirement for reserved space in the deep dock area 61 is smaller.

[0090] like Figure 1 As shown, several high-water level piles are installed around the circumference of the dry dock 6. Each high-water level pile is equipped with a cable guide pulley. The cable guide pulley is used to guide the cable rope through or change direction to prevent cable wear. The high-water level piles include the first high-water level pile 71 to the seventeenth high-water level pile 717. The first high-water level pile 71 to the seventeenth high-water level pile 717 are arranged clockwise around the circumference of the dry dock 6 and are arranged in sequence according to the pile number.

[0091] On the longitudinal side of the deep dock area 61 away from the shallow dock area 62, the first high water level pile 71, the second high water level pile 72, the third high water level pile 73, and the fourth high water level pile 74 are sequentially installed; on the transverse side of the deep dock area 61 away from the dock entrance 63, the fifth high water level pile 75, the sixth high water level pile 76, the seventh high water level pile 77, the eighth high water level pile 78, the ninth high water level pile 79, and the tenth high water level pile 710 are sequentially installed; on the longitudinal side of the shallow dock area 62 away from the deep dock area 61, the eleventh high water level pile 711 and the twelfth high water level pile 74 are sequentially installed. Water level piles 712; Thirteenth high water level piles 713, fourteenth high water level piles 714, fifteenth high water level piles 715, sixteenth high water level piles 716, and seventeenth high water level piles 717 are sequentially installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area 61 near the dock entrance 63, with the thirteenth high water level piles 713 and fourteenth high water level piles 714 located on the side of the dock entrance 63 near the shallow dock area 62, and the fifteenth high water level piles 715, sixteenth high water level piles 716, and seventeenth high water level piles 717 located on the side of the dock entrance 63 away from the shallow dock area 62.

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, several winches are arranged around the circumference of the dry dock 6, including the first winch 51 to the seventh winch 57. The first winch 51 to the seventh winch 57 are arranged clockwise around the circumference of the dry dock 6 and in numerical order, wherein:

[0093] A first winch 51 is installed on the longitudinal side of the deep dock area 61 away from the shallow dock area 62, and the first winch 51 is located between the second high water level pile 72 and the third high water level pile 73; a second winch 52 is installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area 61 away from the dock entrance 63, and the second winch 52 is close to the seventh high water level pile 77; a third winch 53 is installed on the longitudinal side of the shallow dock area 62 away from the deep dock area 61, and the third winch 53 is located between the eleventh high water level pile 711 and the twelfth high water level pile 712; a fourth winch 54, a fifth winch 55, a sixth winch 56, and a seventh winch 57 are installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area 61 close to the dock entrance 63, and the fourth winch 54 and the fifth winch 55 are located between the thirteenth high water level pile 713 and the fourteenth high water level pile 714, and the sixth winch 56 and the seventh winch 57 are located between the sixteenth high water level pile 716 and the seventeenth high water level pile 717.

[0094] In a preferred embodiment, each winch includes several cable winching devices, enabling the winch to connect multiple cables and perform cable winching and loosening operations. The cable angle is adjusted by the guide pulley on the high water level pile, thereby achieving control of the cable at different positions of the same control point.

[0095] In a preferred manner, the cable stranding device is a winch.

[0096] In a preferred embodiment, the cable includes steel cable, high-strength cable, etc.

[0097] S1: Fill the dry dock 6 with water to make the large immersed tube 1 float and carry out the cable operation of the large immersed tube 1. Several cables are attached to the corresponding cable posts of the large immersed tube 1 for the lateral movement and turning operation of the large immersed tube 1.

[0098] In a preferred manner, a ballast water tank is installed inside the large immersed tube 1 in advance. When water is pumped into the dry dock 6 to +4.0m, ballast water is pumped into the ballast water tank of the large immersed tube 1 to prevent the large immersed tube 1 from floating up on its own as the water level in the dry dock 6 rises.

[0099] When the water level in the deep dock area 61 reaches +10.0m, the cable-laying operation of the large immersed tube 1 is completed to prevent the large immersed tube 1 from floating and shifting.

[0100] like Figures 3-4 As shown, four steel cables are installed on the four cable posts of the large immersed tube 1. The tenth steel cable 310 is connected to the first cable post 41, the first steel cable 31 is connected to the second cable post 42, the fifth steel cable 35 is connected to the third cable post 43, and the sixth steel cable 36 is connected to the fourth cable post 44.

[0101] Each steel cable is connected to a winch at its shore end, and each winch includes multiple cable-winding devices, enabling each winch to connect multiple steel cables. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 3 As shown, the shore end of the tenth steel cable 310 passes over the seventeenth high water level pile 717 and the fifteenth high water level pile 715 in sequence and then connects to the cable winch equipment of the seventh winch 57; the shore end of the first steel cable 31 passes over the fifth high water level pile 75 and the second high water level pile 72 and then connects to the cable winch equipment of the first winch 51; the shore end of the fifth steel cable 35 passes over the eleventh high water level pile 711 and then connects to the cable winch equipment of the third winch 53; the shore end of the sixth steel cable 36 passes over the twelfth high water level pile 712 and then connects to the cable winch equipment of the third winch 53.

[0102] In a preferred manner, after the watertightness test of the large immersed tube 1 is completed and the water level in the dry dock 6 reaches +14.20m, and after inspection confirms that the requirements are met, the ballast water inside the large immersed tube 1 is symmetrically discharged outside the tube; after the large immersed tube 1 floats, the large immersed tube 1 is leveled and the dry chord height is adjusted according to the balance state of the large immersed tube 1, and the elevation of the four corner points of the large immersed tube 1 is checked and confirmed. If the hull height is less than 20cm, the water level is appropriately increased, and the maximum water level is controlled at +14.4m.

[0103] In a preferred manner, during the lateral movement and turning process, there is a risk of the large immersed tube 1 touching the bottom. Considering the dry string height and water level elevation, the actual elevation of the dry dock 6 edge is measured before water filling. The location of the warning zone is controlled according to the height of the bottom of the large immersed tube 1 from the bottom of the dock not less than 50cm after it floats up. That is, the area with a terrain elevation above +3.3m is warned.

[0104] S2: The first lateral movement of the large immersed tube 1 after being cabled, moving from shallow dock area 62 to deep dock area 61;

[0105] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, when the large immersed tunnel 1 moves laterally from the shallow dock area 62 to the deep dock area 61 for the first time, the tenth steel cable 310 and the first steel cable 31 are twisted together, while the fifth steel cable 35 and the sixth steel cable 36 are loosened. With the combined action of the tenth steel cable 310, the first steel cable 31, the fifth cable 35, and the sixth cable 36, the large immersed tunnel 1 is moved laterally 100 degrees from the shallow dock area 62 to the deep dock area 61. Figure 5 During the first lateral movement of the large immersed tunnel 1, the tenth steel cable 310 is wound by the seventh winch 57, the first steel cable 31 is wound by the first winch 51, and the fifth steel cable 35 and the sixth steel cable 36 are loosened by the third winch 53. This enables the large immersed tunnel 1 to achieve its first lateral movement, allowing it to move from the shallow dock area 62 to the deep dock area 61, thus preparing for the subsequent turning of the large immersed tunnel 1 in the deep dock area 62.

[0106] A preferred method, such as Figure 3 As shown, to prevent the large immersed tube 1 from shifting during the first lateral movement, a first high-strength cable 21 is installed on the first bollard 41, a third high-strength cable 23 is installed on the third bollard 43, and a fourth high-strength cable 24 is installed on the fourth bollard 44 before the lateral movement. Figure 4 The cable is manually pulled and pulled along with the large immersed tube 1 to move and raise and lower the cable. In case of emergency, the cable puller will take emergency cable locking action to stop the operation of the large immersed tube 1, so as to protect the large immersed tube 1 and achieve emergency protection.

[0107] Among them, the shore end of the first high-strength cable 21 is connected to the eighth high-water level pile 78, the shore end of the third high-strength cable 23 is connected to the seventh high-water level pile 77, and the shore end of the fourth high-strength cable 24 is connected to the sixth high-water level pile 76.

[0108] Further, the high-strength cable is loosened and its posts are moved, such as... Figures 5-6 As shown, after the first lateral movement of the large immersed tube 1 is completed, the shore ends of the third high-strength cable 23 and the fourth high-strength cable 24 are loosened and retrieved to their respective cable posts. The shore end of the first high-strength cable 21 is moved to the fourteenth high-water level pile 714. At the same time, the second high-strength cable 22 is connected to the second cable post 42 of the large immersed tube 1, and the shore end of the second high-strength cable 22 is connected to the eighth high-water level pile 78.

[0109] In a preferred manner, during the first lateral movement of the large immersed tube 1, the winches used for lateral movement are first tightened so that the cables of each winch are stressed to 20kN. Then, the fifth steel cable 35 and the sixth steel cable 36 are loosened, and the tenth steel cable 310 and the first steel cable 31 are simultaneously and slowly pulled to start the lateral movement of the large immersed tube 1 towards the deep dock area 61. The lateral movement speed of the large immersed tube 1 is controlled within 3m / min.

[0110] In a preferred manner, during the first lateral movement of the large immersed tube 1, a GPS receiver is installed on the top surface of the large immersed tube 1 to monitor the large immersed tube 1 in real time. Based on the measurement data, corresponding instructions are issued to each winch used for lateral movement to perform correction operations on the large immersed tube 1, ensuring that the minimum distance between the end of the large immersed tube 1 and the bottom slope of the dry dock 6 is not less than 5.0m.

[0111] In a preferred manner, after the large immersed tube 1 is moved laterally to the designated position, the attitude of the large immersed tube 1 is adjusted again according to the measurement data to achieve accurate positioning and ensure that the offset of the large immersed tube 1 is within ±1m.

[0112] S3: Large immersed tube 1 performs multi-point turning and reversing operations within the deep dock area 61;

[0113] The turning operation of the large immersed tunnel 1 uses cables for traction and tailing. Specifically, at least three cables are used to position a cable post at one end of the large immersed tunnel 1. The cable post is pulled by at least three cables, making the positioned cable post a positioning turning point for the large immersed tunnel 1. At least two cables are used to pull the large immersed tunnel 1 along the turning tangent direction on the cable post at the other end of the large immersed tunnel 1. At least two additional cables are used to tail the large immersed tunnel 1, causing it to rotate around the positioning turning point.

[0114] In a preferred manner, at least two cables used for positioning the large immersed tube 1 have an obtuse angle between them, thereby ensuring that the positioning cable can be held in place, which facilitates the subsequent turning of the large immersed tube 1 around the positioning cable.

[0115] The specific implementation steps for the turning operation of the large immersed tunnel section 1 are as follows:

[0116] S31: The large immersed tube 1 is cabled and rotated clockwise by 40° to 50° around the second cable post 42 for the first time; more preferably, it is rotated clockwise by 45° around the second cable post 42. Figures 5-6 As shown, a second steel cable 32 and an eighth steel cable 38 are added to the large immersed tube 1. The second steel cable 32 is connected to the first bollard 41, and its onshore end bypasses the fourth high-water level pile 74 before connecting to the first winch 51. The eighth steel cable 38 is connected to the third bollard 43, and its onshore end bypasses the fourteenth high-water level pile 714 before connecting to the fifth winch 55. Figure 5As shown, before the large immersed tunnel 1 makes its first clockwise turn, the second bollard 42 is positioned using the first steel cable 31, the fourth steel cable 34, and the second high-strength cable 22. The first steel cable 31 and the fourth steel cable 34 form an obtuse angle. The first steel cable 31, the fourth steel cable 34, and the second high-strength cable 22 together hold the second bollard 42, serving as the first positioning and turning point for the large immersed tunnel 1. Figure 7 As shown, during the first clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel 1, the tenth steel cable 310 is twisted, the second steel cable 32 assists in the twisting, the fifth steel cable 35 is slack, and the eighth steel cable 38 is unloaded and is retracted as needed. During the turn, the sixth steel cable 36 retracts approximately 10m as needed, enabling the large immersed tunnel 1 to turn 45° clockwise around the second cable post 42 with the cooperation of multiple cables. Figure 7 As shown, when the first steel cable 31 or the fourth steel cable 34 is not under stress, the sixth steel cable 36 is appropriately tightened to ensure that the positioning and turning position of the second cable post 42 does not shift. In this case, before turning, the shore end of the first high-strength cable 21 is loosened so that the first high-strength cable 21 is pulled back onto the first cable post 41 to avoid interfering with the turning of the large immersed tube 1.

[0117] S32: The large immersed tunnel 1 undergoes cable replacement and a second clockwise rotation of 40°–50° around the first cable post 41; more preferably, a 45° clockwise rotation around the first cable post 41. Figures 8-9 As shown, the fifth steel cable 35 on the large immersed tube 1 is released, and a seventh steel cable 37 is added. The seventh steel cable 37 is connected to the fourth cable post 44 of the large immersed tube 1, and the shore end of the seventh steel cable 37 passes around the fourteenth high water level pile 714 and is connected to the fourth winch 54; and the shore end of the first high-strength cable 21 is connected to the second high water level pile 72; as shown Figures 8-9 As shown, before the large immersed tunnel 1 makes its second clockwise turn, the first bollard 41 is positioned using the tenth steel cable 310, the second steel cable 32, and the first high-strength cable 21. The tenth steel cable 310 and the second steel cable 32 form an obtuse angle. The tenth steel cable 310, the second steel cable 32, and the first high-strength cable 21 together hold the first bollard 41, serving as the second positioning and turning point for the large immersed tunnel 1. Figure 8 ;like Figure 10As shown, during the second clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel 1, the sixth steel cable 36 is main-stretched, the seventh steel cable 37 is timely-stretched, the first steel cable 31 and the fourth steel cable 34 are loosened, the shore end of the second high-strength cable 22 is released in advance, and the eighth steel cable 38 is timely-loosened, enabling the large immersed tunnel 1 to turn clockwise around the first cable post 41 by 28° to 32° with the cooperation of multiple cables, preferably by 30°. When the tenth steel cable 310 or the second steel cable 32 is not under tension, the eighth steel cable 38 applies appropriate force; wherein, after the large immersed tube 1 rotates 30° clockwise around the first cable post 41, the seventh steel cable 37 performs the main winding, and the sixth steel cable 36 assists in winding and releasing, so that the large immersed tube 1 rotates clockwise around the first cable post 41 again by 12° to 18°, preferably by 15° clockwise around the first cable post 41, until the large immersed tube 1 completes its second clockwise rotation of 45°. Figure 10 .

[0118] S33: First longitudinal movement of the large immersed tunnel section after the cable is released; such as... Figures 11-12 As shown, the first steel cable 31 is released, the second steel cable 32 and the fourth steel cable 34 are twisted, the seventh steel cable 37 and the eighth steel cable 38 are loosened, and the tenth steel cable 310 and the sixth steel cable 36 are loosened in a timely manner. With the coordinated action of multiple cables, the large immersed tunnel 1 undergoes its first longitudinal movement of 20 meters. Figure 11 Before the first longitudinal movement of the large immersed tube 1, the first high-strength cable 21 is loosened in a timely manner to avoid the first high-strength cable 21 interfering with the first longitudinal movement of the large immersed tube 1.

[0119] S34: The large immersed tube 1 is cabled and rotated clockwise for the third time around the fourth cable post 44 by 40° to 50°, more preferably by 45° clockwise around the fourth cable post 44; Figures 13-14 As shown, the tenth steel cable 310 is released, and a third steel cable 33 is added. The third steel cable 33 is connected to the first bollard 41 of the large immersed tube 1. The shore end of the third steel cable 33 passes around the eighth high-water level pile 78 and is connected to the second winch 52. The shore end of the first high-strength cable 21 is moved to the third high-water level pile 73, and then the fourth high-strength cable 24 of the fourth bollard 44 is connected to the thirteenth high-water level pile 713. Figure 13 As shown, before the large immersed tunnel 1 makes its third clockwise turn, the seventh steel cable 37, the fourth high-strength cable 24, and the sixth steel cable 36 are used to position the fourth cable post 44. The seventh steel cable 37 and the sixth steel cable 36 are at an obtuse angle to each other. The seventh steel cable 37, the fourth high-strength cable 24, and the sixth steel cable 36 jointly pull the fourth cable post 44, which serves as the third positioning and turning point for the large immersed tunnel 1. Figure 13 ;like Figure 15As shown, during the third clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel 1, the third steel cable 33 is twisted, the second steel cable 32 is twisted in a timely manner and then loosened, the eighth steel cable 38 is loosened, and the fourth steel cable 34 is loosened, so that the large immersed tunnel 1 can turn 45° clockwise around the fourth cable post 44 with the cooperation of multiple cables; wherein, during the third clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel 1, the first high-strength cable 21 is loosened in a timely manner when the large immersed tunnel 1 turns, and moves from the first cable post 41 to the third cable post 43, and is renamed the fifth high-strength cable 25, as shown. Figures 13-14 , Figures 15-17 .

[0120] S35: The large immersed tunnel 1 undergoes cable replacement and performs a fourth clockwise 45° rotation around the first cable post 41 (rotating 45° clockwise around the first cable post 41; as...). Figures 16-17 As shown, a first high-strength cable 21, a first steel cable 31, a ninth steel cable 39, and a tenth steel cable 310 are added to the large immersed tube 1, and the second steel cable 32 and the eighth steel cable 38 are disconnected. The newly added first high-strength cable 21 is connected to the first bollard 41, and its shore-side end is connected to the ninth high-water level pile 79. The newly added first steel cable 31 is connected to the first bollard 41, and its shore-side end passes over the fifth high-water level pile 75 and the second high-water level pile 72 before connecting to the first winch 51. The newly added ninth steel cable 39 is connected to the third bollard 43, and its shore-side end passes over the sixteenth high-water level pile 716 before connecting to the sixth winch 56. The newly added tenth steel cable 310 is connected to the fourth bollard 44, and its shore-side end passes over the seventeenth high-water level pile 717 and the fifteenth high-water level pile 715 before connecting to the seventh winch 57. Figure 16 As shown, before the large immersed tunnel 1 undergoes its fourth clockwise turn, the first steel cable 31, the first high-strength cable 21, and the third steel cable 33 are used to position the first bollard 41. The first steel cable 31 and the first high-strength cable 21 form an obtuse angle. The first steel cable 31, the first high-strength cable 21, and the third steel cable 33 work together to hold the first bollard 41, which serves as the fourth positioning and turning point for the large immersed tunnel 1. Figure 16 ;like Figure 18As shown, during the fourth clockwise turn of the large immersed tunnel 1, the tenth steel cable 310 is wound, the seventh steel cable 37 is wound first, and the fourth steel cable 34 and the sixth steel cable 36 are loosened, causing the large immersed tunnel 1 to turn clockwise by 28° to 32°, preferably 30°. When the large immersed tunnel 1 has turned 25° clockwise, the sixth steel cable 36 can be released midway, and the ninth steel cable 39 is loosened 25 meters as appropriate. After the large immersed tunnel 1 has turned 30° clockwise, the seventh steel cable 37 is loosened as appropriate, the tenth steel cable 310 continues to wound, and the fourth steel cable 34 and the sixth steel cable 36 are loosened. Cable 36 is loosened at the tail end. When the first steel cable 31 or the third steel cable 33 is no longer under tension, the ninth steel cable 39 is twisted in a timely manner to ensure that the turning point position of the first cable post 41 does not shift. This allows the large immersed tube 1 to rotate clockwise around the first cable post 41 by 12° to 18°, preferably 15°, with the cooperation of multiple cables, until the large immersed tube 1 completes its fourth clockwise rotation of 45 degrees. Before the large immersed tube 1 performs its fourth clockwise rotation around the first cable post 41, the fifth high-strength cable 25 is loosened in a timely manner to avoid interference with the large immersed tube 1 during the rotation process. Figure 19 As shown, after multiple turning points within the deep dock area 61, the large immersed tube 1 completes the turning and turning within the deep dock area 61. That is, the enlarged end 101 of the large immersed tube 1 faces the deep dock area 61 laterally and inward. The lateral inward side of the deep dock area 61 refers to the lateral side of the deep dock area 61 away from the dock entrance 63.

[0121] This invention discloses a method for turning and reversing large immersed tunnel sections within a dock. By combining rotation and movement, the turning and reversing process is decomposed, enabling effective utilization of the deep dock area space during construction and thus improving construction safety. Simultaneously, by performing multiple turning points in conjunction with movement, and controlling the rotation angle each time, the 180-degree rotation is divided into multiple smaller angles, allowing for control of cable stress. This enables large tunnel sections to perform turning operations in deep dock areas where there is insufficient space for turning. Furthermore, by continuously adding, replacing, and untying cables, the cable stress is controlled, ensuring stable cable stress on each tunnel section in every state, further enhancing safety.

[0122] S4: After the large immersed tube 1 turns around, adjust the cable and move it laterally to the undocking axis 64; after the large immersed tube 1 completes the turning around in the deep dock area 61, adjust the number and installation position of the large immersed tube 1's cables, and then move the large immersed tube 1 laterally to the undocking axis 64 through the cables to facilitate the subsequent undocking operation of the large immersed tube 1.

[0123] S41: After cable adjustment, the large immersed tube 1 is moved laterally for the second time to near the docking axis 64; as... Figure 20As shown, first release the fourth steel cable 34, the ninth steel cable 39, and the sixth steel cable 36. Then, the tenth steel cable 310 is twisted, the first steel cable 31 is twisted, the seventh steel cable 37 is loosened, and the third steel cable 33 is loosened. Through the combined action of the tenth steel cable 310, the first steel cable 31, the seventh steel cable 37, and the third steel cable 33, the large immersed tube 1 is moved laterally to the vicinity of the docking axis 64. Figure 21 Before the second lateral movement of the large immersed tube 1, the shore ends of the third high-strength cable 23 and the first high-strength cable 21 are loosened, and the fifth high-strength cable 25 and the first high-strength cable 21 are retrieved to the corresponding cable posts of the large immersed tube 1 to avoid the fifth high-strength cable 25 and the first high-strength cable 21 interfering with the second lateral movement of the large immersed tube 1.

[0124] S42: The large immersed tube 1 is laterally positioned on the undocking axis 64; as shown... Figure 21 As shown, the tenth steel cable 310 is twisted, the first steel cable 31 is twisted, the seventh steel cable 37 is loosened, and the third steel cable 33 is loosened. Through the joint cooperation of the tenth steel cable 310, the first steel cable 31, the seventh steel cable 37, and the third steel cable 33, the large immersed tube 1 is moved laterally to the docking axis 64, so that the docking axis 64 is approximately located in the middle of the large immersed tube 1.

[0125] S43: The high-strength cable of the large immersed tunnel 1 is moored on the undocking axis 64; as... Figures 22-23 As shown, the tenth steel cable 310, the first steel cable 31, the seventh steel cable 37 and the third steel cable 33 are disconnected, and the shore end of the first high-strength cable 21 on the first cable post 41 is connected to the eighth high-level water pile 78; the shore end of the third high-strength cable 23 on the third cable post 43 is connected to the sixth high-level water pile 76; the shore end of the fourth high-strength cable 24 on the fourth cable post 44 is connected to the fifteenth high-level water pile 715; and the shore end of the second high-strength cable 22 on the second cable post 42 is connected to the fourteenth high-level water pile 714.

[0126] A preferred method, such as Figure 22 As shown, at least two high-strength cables are arranged in a cross configuration. In this embodiment, the cross configuration of the fourth high-strength cable 24 and the second high-strength cable 22 is achieved by connecting the shore end of the fourth high-strength cable 24 to the fifteenth high-level water pile 715 and the shore end of the second high-strength cable 22 to the fourteenth high-level water pile 714.

[0127] A preferred method, as described in this embodiment, is applicable to the turning-around construction of immersed tubes with variable cross-sections (variable height and width).

[0128] Example 2

[0129] like Figure 24-27 As shown, this embodiment of a method for turning around in a large immersed tunnel dock, based on embodiment 1, further includes the following steps:

[0130] S5: After the large immersed tunnel section 1 is secured with cables, it is moved to the designated transport berth; such as... Figures 24-25 As shown, a first steel cable 31, a second steel cable 32, a third steel cable 33, a fourth steel cable 34, a fifth steel cable 35, a sixth steel cable 36, and an eighth steel cable 38 are added to the large immersed tube 1. The first steel cable 31 is connected to the fourth bollard 44, and its onshore end passes over the second high-water level pile 74 before connecting to the first winch 51. The second steel cable 32 is connected to the third bollard 43, and its onshore end passes over the first high-water level pile 71 and the second high-water level pile 72 before connecting to the first winch 51. The third steel cable 33 is connected to the third bollard 43. Above, the shore end of the third steel cable 33 passes over the fifth high-water level pile 75 and connects to the second winch 52; the sixth steel cable 36 is connected to the first bollard 41, and the shore end of the first bollard 41 passes over the eleventh high-water level pile 711 and connects to the third winch 53; the fifth steel cable 35 is connected to the second bollard 42, and the shore end of the second bollard 42 passes over the twelfth high-water level pile 712 and connects to the third winch 53; the eighth steel cable 38 is connected to the fourth bollard 44, and the shore end of the eighth steel cable 38 passes over the fourteenth high-water level pile 714 and connects to the fourth winch 54; as follows Figure 26 As shown, during the process of moving the large immersed tube 1 to the berth, a second longitudinal movement is first carried out. During the second longitudinal movement, the second steel cable 32 and the third steel cable 33 are released in real time, the fourth steel cable 34 is tailed, and the eighth steel cable 38 is pulled up in real time. Through the cooperation of multiple cables, the large immersed tube 1 is moved longitudinally by 10 meters. Then, the large immersed tube 1 is moved laterally for the third time. During the third lateral movement, the fifth steel cable 35 and the sixth steel cable 36 are released in real time, the fourth steel cable 34 and the eighth steel cable 38 are tailed, and the third steel cable 33 is pulled up in real time. Through the cooperation of multiple cables, the large immersed tube 1 is moved laterally by 10 meters. During the process, the operators pull up and release each high-strength cable in real time. After the large immersed tube 1 is finely adjusted to the designated berth, all winch operations are stopped.

[0131] S6: Mooring and unmooring of the large immersed tunnel section 1; as follows: Figure 27 As shown, the large immersed tube 1 is moored by high-strength cables. Then, the first steel cable 31, the second steel cable 32, the third steel cable 33, the fourth steel cable 34, the fifth steel cable 35, the sixth steel cable 36, and the eighth steel cable 38 are released. The cables are then retrieved, cleaned, and maintained. Finally, the dock drainage work can be carried out.

[0132] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock, characterized in that, The system includes a large immersed tube (1) and a dry dock (6). The dry dock (6) includes a deep dock area (61), a shallow dock area (62), and a dock entrance (63). The deep dock area (61) and the shallow dock area (62) are arranged laterally. The dock entrance (63) is located on one longitudinal side of the deep dock area (61). A dock exit axis (64) is provided at the dock entrance (63). The large immersed tube (1) is located in the shallow dock area (62) and includes the following steps: S1: Fill the dry dock (6) with water to make the large immersed tube (1) float and carry out the cable-laying operation of the large immersed tube (1); S2: The large immersed tube (1) moves laterally for the first time after being cabled, from the shallow dock area (62) to the turning position of the deep dock area (61); S3: The large immersed tube (1) turns and moves at multiple different points in the deep dock area (61), and adds, replaces and unloads cables to complete the turning operation of the large immersed tube (1). S4: After the large immersed tube (1) turns around, it moves laterally to the docking axis (64); In S3, at least three cables are used to position one of the cable posts of the large immersed tube (1) as a positioning turning point of the large immersed tube (1). At least two cables are used on the cable post at the other end of the large immersed tube (1) to pull and tail along the turning tangent direction of the large immersed tube (1) so that the large immersed tube (1) rotates around the positioning turning point. Before S1, a first cable post (41), a second cable post (42), a third cable post (43) and a fourth cable post (44) are respectively set at the four right angles on the large immersed tube (1), and each cable post is used to connect the cable; The first bollard (41) and the second bollard (42) are located in the same longitudinal row and close to the deep dock area (61); the third bollard (43) and the fourth bollard (44) are located in the same longitudinal row and away from the deep dock area (61). S3 also includes the following steps: S31: The large immersed tube (1) is cabled and rotated clockwise by 40° to 50° around the second cable post (42) for the first time; S32: The large immersed tube (1) is cabled and rotated clockwise by 40° to 50° around the first cable post (41) for the second time; S33: The large immersed tube (1) is partially unmoored and moved longitudinally for the first time; S34: The large immersed tube (1) is cabled and rotated clockwise for the third time by 40° to 50° around the fourth cable post (44); S35: The large immersed tube (1) is cable replaced and rotated 45° clockwise around the first cable post (41) for the fourth time.

2. The method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the cables used to position the large immersed tube (1) cable column, at least two cables have an obtuse angle between them.

3. The method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first bollard (41) and the third bollard (43) are located in the same horizontal row and close to the dock opening (63); the second bollard (42) and the fourth bollard (44) are located in the same horizontal row and away from the dock opening (63). It also includes a number of high-water level piles arranged around the circumference of the dry dock (6), each high-water level pile being equipped with a cable guide pulley, including the first high-water level pile (71) to the seventeenth high-water level pile (717), the first high-water level pile (71) to the seventeenth high-water level pile (717) being arranged clockwise around the circumference of the dry dock (6) and arranged in sequence according to the pile number, wherein: In the deep dock area (61), on the longitudinal side away from the shallow dock area (62), the first high water level pile (71), the second high water level pile (72), the third high water level pile (73), and the fourth high water level pile (74) are sequentially arranged; in the deep dock area (61), on the transverse side away from the dock entrance (63), the fifth high water level pile (75), the sixth high water level pile (76), the seventh high water level pile (77), the eighth high water level pile (78), the ninth high water level pile (79), and the tenth high water level pile (710) are sequentially arranged; in the shallow dock area (62), on the longitudinal side away from the deep dock area (61), the eleventh high water level pile (711) and the twelfth high water level pile (74) are sequentially arranged. 12); Thirteenth high water level piles (713), fourteenth high water level piles (714), fifteenth high water level piles (715), sixteenth high water level piles (716) and seventeenth high water level piles (717) are sequentially arranged on the transverse side of the deep dock area (61) near the dock entrance (63), and the thirteenth high water level piles (713) and fourteenth high water level piles (714) are located on the side of the dock entrance (63) near the shallow dock area (62), and the fifteenth high water level piles (715), sixteenth high water level piles (716) and seventeenth high water level piles (717) are located on the side of the dock entrance (63) away from the shallow dock area (62); It also includes a plurality of winches arranged circumferentially along the dry dock (6), including a first winch (51) to a seventh winch (57), the first winch (51) to the seventh winch (57) being arranged clockwise along the circumference of the dry dock (6) and in numerical order, wherein: A first winch (51) is installed on the longitudinal side of the deep dock area (61) away from the shallow dock area (62), and the first winch (51) is located between the second high water level pile (72) and the third high water level pile (73); a second winch (52) is installed on the transverse side of the deep dock area (61) away from the dock entrance (63), and the second winch (52) is close to the seventh high water level pile (77); a third winch (53) is installed on the longitudinal side of the shallow dock area (62) away from the deep dock area (61), and the third winch (53) is located at the eleventh high water level pile. Between pile (711) and the twelfth high water level pile (712); in the deep dock area (61) near the dock entrance (63), a fourth winch (54), a fifth winch (55), a sixth winch (56) and a seventh winch (57) are provided on the lateral side, and the fourth winch (54) and the fifth winch (55) are located between the thirteenth high water level pile (713) and the fourteenth high water level pile (714), and the sixth winch (56) and the seventh winch (57) are located between the sixteenth high water level pile (716) and the seventeenth high water level pile (717).

4. A method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 3, characterized in that, In S1: Four steel cables are installed on the four cable posts of the large immersed tube (1), wherein the tenth steel cable (310) is connected to the first cable post (41), the first steel cable (31) is connected to the second cable post (42), the fifth steel cable (35) is connected to the third cable post (43), and the sixth steel cable (36) is connected to the fourth cable post (44). The shore end of the tenth steel cable (310) passes sequentially around the seventeenth high water level pile (717) and the fifteenth high water level pile (715) and then connects to the seventh winch (57); the shore end of the first steel cable (31) passes sequentially around the fifth high water level pile (75) and the second high water level pile (72) and then connects to the first winch (51); the shore end of the fifth steel cable (35) passes sequentially around the eleventh high water level pile (711) and then connects to the third winch (53); the shore end of the sixth steel cable (36) passes sequentially around the twelfth high water level pile (712) and then connects to the third winch (53).

5. A method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 4, characterized in that, In S2: When the large immersed tube (1) is moved laterally for the first time, the tenth steel cable (310) is wound by the seventh winch (57), the first steel cable (31) is wound by the first winch (51), and the fifth steel cable (35) and the sixth steel cable (36) are loosened by the third winch (53) respectively, so that the large immersed tube (1) can move from the shallow dock area (62) to the deep dock area (61). Before the lateral movement, a first high-strength cable (21) is installed on the first cable post (41), a third high-strength cable (23) is installed on the third cable post (43), and a fourth high-strength cable (24) is installed on the fourth cable post (44). The cables are pulled by manual tailing and are raised and lowered as the large immersed tube (1) moves laterally. The shore end of the first high-strength cable (21) is connected to the eighth high water level pile (78), the shore end of the third high-strength cable (23) is connected to the seventh high water level pile (77), and the shore end of the fourth high-strength cable (24) is connected to the sixth high water level pile (76). After the large immersed tube (1) is moved laterally for the first time, the shore ends of the third high-strength cable (23) and the fourth high-strength cable (24) are loosened and retrieved to their respective cable posts. The shore end of the first high-strength cable (21) is moved to the fourteenth high-water level pile (714). At the same time, the second high-strength cable (22) is connected to the second cable post (42), and the shore end of the second high-strength cable (22) is connected to the eighth high-water level pile (78).

6. A method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 5, characterized in that, S3 also includes the following steps: S31: The large immersed tube (1) is cabled and rotated clockwise by 40° to 50° around the second cable post (42) for the first time. The second steel cable (32) and the eighth steel cable (38) are added to the large immersed tube (1). The second steel cable (32) is connected to the first cable post (41), and the shore end of the second steel cable (32) is connected to the first winch (51) after passing around the fourth high water level pile (74). The eighth steel cable (38) is connected to the third cable post (43), and the shore end of the eighth steel cable (38) is connected to the fifth winch (55) after passing around the fourteenth high water level pile (714). Before the large immersed tube (1) makes its first clockwise turn, the second cable post (42) is positioned by the first steel cable (31), the fourth steel cable (34) and the second high-strength cable (22); when the large immersed tube (1) makes its first clockwise turn, the tenth steel cable (310) is twisted, the second steel cable (32) assists in twisting, the fifth steel cable (35) is loosened, and the eighth steel cable (38) is unloaded and is released and retracted in a timely manner, so that the large immersed tube (1) can make a clockwise turn of 40° to 50° around the second cable post (42) with the cooperation of multiple cables; Before turning, the shore end of the first high-strength cable (21) is loosened so that the first high-strength cable (21) is pulled back to the first cable post (41). S32: The large immersed tube (1) is cabled and rotated clockwise by 40° to 50° around the first cable post (41) for the second time. First, the fifth steel cable (35) on the large immersed tube (1) is released, and a seventh steel cable (37) is added. The seventh steel cable (37) is connected to the fourth cable post (44) of the large immersed tube (1), and the shore end of the seventh steel cable (37) is connected to the fourth winch (54) after passing around the fourteenth high water level pile (714). The shore end of the first high-strength cable (21) is connected to the second high water level pile (72). Before the large immersed tube (1) makes its second clockwise turn, the first cable post (41) is positioned by the tenth steel cable (310), the second steel cable (32), and the first high-strength cable (21); during the second clockwise turn of the large immersed tube (1), the sixth steel cable (36) is main stranded, the seventh steel cable (37) is stranded in a timely manner, the first steel cable (31) and the fourth steel cable (34) are loosened, and the second high-strength cable (21) is... 2) The shore end is released in advance, and the eighth steel cable (38) is released in time so that the large immersed tube (1) can rotate clockwise by 28° to 32° around the first cable post (41) with the cooperation of multiple cables; then the seventh steel cable (37) is wound in the main direction, and the sixth steel cable (36) is used to assist in winding and releasing, so that the large immersed tube (1) can rotate clockwise by 12° to 18° around the first cable post (41) again until the large immersed tube (1) completes the second clockwise rotation; S33: The large immersed tube (1) is partially unmoored and moves longitudinally for the first time. The first steel cable (31) is released, the second steel cable (32) and the fourth steel cable (34) are twisted, the seventh steel cable (37) and the eighth steel cable (38) are loosened, and the tenth steel cable (310) and the sixth steel cable (36) are loosened in time, so that the large immersed tube (1) can move longitudinally for 20 meters with the cooperation of multiple cables. Among them, before the first longitudinal movement of the large immersed tube (1), the first high-strength cable (21) is loosened in a timely manner; S34: The large immersed tube (1) is cabled and rotated clockwise for the third time by 40° to 50° around the fourth cable post (44). The tenth steel cable (310) is released and a third steel cable (33) is added. The third steel cable (33) is connected to the first cable post (41) of the large immersed tube (1). The shore end of the third steel cable (33) is connected to the second winch (52) after passing around the eighth high water level pile (78). The shore end of the first high strength cable (21) is moved to the third high water level pile (73). Then the fourth high strength cable (24) on the fourth cable post (44) is connected to the thirteenth high water level pile (713). Before the large immersed tube (1) makes its third clockwise turn, the seventh steel cable (37), the fourth high-strength cable (24) and the sixth steel cable (36) are used to position the fourth cable post (44); When the large immersed tube (1) makes its third clockwise turn, the third steel cable (33) is twisted, the second steel cable (32) is twisted in time and then loosened, the eighth steel cable (38) is loosened, and the fourth steel cable (34) is loosened, so that the large immersed tube (1) can rotate 40° to 50° clockwise around the fourth cable post (44) with the cooperation of multiple cables. During the third clockwise turn of the large immersed tube (1), the first high-strength cable (21) is released in time when the large immersed tube (1) turns and moves to the third cable post (43) to become the fifth high-strength cable (25). S35: The large immersed tube (1) is cabled and rotated 45° clockwise around the first cable post (41) for the fourth time. A first high-strength cable (21), a first steel cable (31), a ninth steel cable (39), and a tenth steel cable (310) are added to the large immersed tube (1), and the second steel cable (32) and the eighth steel cable (38) are disconnected. The first high-strength cable (21) is connected to the first cable post (41), and the shore end of the first high-strength cable (21) is connected to the ninth high-water level pile (79). The first steel cable (31) is connected to the first cable post (41), and the first steel cable (310) is connected to the first high-water level pile (79). 1) The shore end of the cable passes around the fifth high water level pile (75) and the second high water level pile (72) in sequence and then connects to the first winch (51); the ninth steel cable (39) is connected to the third cable post (43), and the shore end of the ninth steel cable (39) passes around the sixteenth high water level pile (716) and then connects to the sixth winch (56); the tenth steel cable (310) is connected to the fourth cable post (44), and the shore end of the tenth steel cable (310) passes around the seventeenth high water level pile (717) and the fifteenth high water level pile (715) in sequence and then connects to the seventh winch (57); Before the large immersed tube (1) makes its fourth clockwise turn, the first steel cable (31), the first high-strength cable (21), and the third steel cable (33) are used to position the first cable post (41); during the fourth clockwise turn of the large immersed tube (1), the tenth steel cable (310) is twisted, the seventh steel cable (37) is twisted first, and the fourth steel cable (34) and the sixth steel cable (36) are loosened, so that the large immersed tube (1) turns clockwise by 28° to 32°; then the seventh steel cable... Cable (37) is loosened in time, the tenth steel cable (310) continues to twist, the fourth steel cable (34) and the sixth steel cable (36) are loosened at the tail, and when the first steel cable (31) or the third steel cable (33) is not under force, the ninth steel cable (39) is twisted in time, so that the large immersed tube (1) can turn clockwise by 12° to 18° around the first cable post (41) with the cooperation of multiple cables, until the fourth clockwise turn of the large immersed tube (1) is completed, and the turning and turning of the large immersed tube (1) is completed.

7. A method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 4, characterized in that, S4 also includes the following steps: S41: The large immersed tube (1) is moved laterally for the second time to the vicinity of the docking axis (64) after the cable adjustment; S42: The large immersed tube (1) is laterally positioned on the docking axis (64); S43: The large immersed tube (1) is moored on the docking axis (64).

8. A method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the large immersed tube (1) is moored on the docking axis (64), the following steps are also included: S5: The large immersed tube (1) is moved to the designated transport berth after being cabled; S6: The large immersed tube (1) is moored and unmoored.

9. A method for turning and reversing within a large immersed tunnel dock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large immersed tube (1) is equipped with a ballast water tank. In S1, when water is poured into the dry dock (6), ballast water is also poured into the ballast water tank. When the water tightness test of the large immersed tube (1) is completed and the water level in the dry dock (6) reaches the standard, the ballast water in the ballast water tank of the large immersed tube (1) is discharged out of the pipe, and the large immersed tube (1) is leveled and the dry string height is adjusted.

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