An in-situ leaching uranium surface filter automatic switching device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic switching device and method for surface filters in in-situ leaching uranium mining, belonging to the field of in-situ leaching uranium mining technology. Particle counters and mass flow meters are installed on the inlet and outlet pipes of two bag filters. The pressure gauges on the top of the two bag filters are replaced with pressure transmitters to collect real-time data on the total number of inlet particles, the total number of outlet particles, the inlet flow rate, the outlet flow rate, and the equipment pressure. Based on these multiple data points, a comprehensive judgment is made as to whether to switch the bag filters, and when switching is necessary, the device automatically controls the switching. This invention abandons the previous method of switching based solely on a single pressure value, instead achieving switching based on comprehensive analysis of multiple data points, thus avoiding erroneous equipment switching operations caused by "false pressure increases." Simultaneously, it abandons the previous manual equipment switching method, employing automation to achieve intelligent filter switching, thereby enabling precise and rapid switching of bag filters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of in-situ leaching uranium mining technology, and in particular to an automatic switching device and method for surface filters in in-situ leaching uranium mining. Background Technology

[0002] In-situ leaching is a uranium mining and metallurgical process that uses chemical solutions to extract and recover uranium from sandstone uranium deposits naturally buried underground through drilling. This process involves injecting leaching solution into the ground through an injection well, allowing it to seep along the ore layer and leach uranium from the ore. The resulting leachate is then pumped to the surface through a pumping well, where it undergoes hydrometallurgical treatment to recover the metallic uranium.

[0003] After the leachate is brought to the surface, it must first undergo a surface filtration process to remove solid particles before entering the hydrometallurgical process. Currently, the most commonly used surface filter in in-situ leaching uranium mines is the quick-opening bag filter. Its working principle is that the leachate flows into the equipment containing multiple filter bags with a certain filtration precision through the bag filter inlet. After the filter bags intercept solid particles, the clear liquid flows out from the bottom outlet of the equipment, thus completing solid-liquid separation. However, when the filter bags intercept enough solid particles, the pressure of the filter equipment will increase, and the fluid throughput will decrease accordingly. Therefore, in-situ leaching uranium mines often design the filtration device in a "one-in-one-backup," "multiple-in-one-backup," or "multiple-in-multiple-backup" configuration, that is, multiple bag filters are connected in parallel. When the filter bag of one filter becomes clogged and the pressure increases, the inlet and outlet solenoid valves of the equipment are manually controlled to switch to another bag filter. Then, the drain valve at the bottom of the clogged filter is opened to drain the leachate, release the pressure, and replace the filter bag with a new one.

[0004] The above method has the following problems: (1) Frequent switching operations are required for the bag filter. Each filter contains at least 3 solenoid valves. The leaching volume is large, and the size of the solenoid valves is also large. Starting and stopping the filter requires close monitoring of the filter pressure. Once the filter bag is blocked, manual operation is required. The opening and closing of the large solenoid valves is very time-consuming and labor-intensive; (2) Taking a uranium mine in Inner Mongolia as an example, the leaching volume is greater than 1000m³. 3 / h, on average, the equipment needs to be switched 5 to 6 times a day, which is a lot of work and intensity. Moreover, the force and degree of opening and closing of the solenoid valve are different when switching manually, which also affects the effectiveness and life of the solenoid valve; (3) The basis for switching bag filters is to judge whether the equipment pressure has increased. When the pressure gauge at the top of the filter equipment rises to a certain value, the switch is performed. However, practice shows that bag filters have a "false pressure increase" phenomenon. Sometimes the filter bag is not blocked (for example, the adsorption tower at the back end of the filter in the hydrometallurgical process is full), but the pressure value at the top of the filter still shows an increase. If the equipment is switched at this time, it will cause unnecessary operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic switching device and method for surface filters in uranium leaching mining, which can achieve precise and rapid switching of bag filters.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] An automatic switching device for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining includes: a first particle counter, a second particle counter, a first mass flow meter, a second mass flow meter, a first pressure transmitter, a second pressure transmitter, a controller, a computer, and two bag filters.

[0008] The inlet pipe is connected to the inlet branches of two bag filters respectively; the first particle counter and the first mass flow meter are both installed on the inlet pipe; the second particle counter and the second mass flow meter are both installed on the outlet pipe after the outlet branches of the two bag filters merge; the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter are respectively installed on the top of the two bag filters.

[0009] The signal output terminals of the first particle counter, the second particle counter, the first mass flow meter, the second mass flow meter, the first pressure transmitter, and the second pressure transmitter are all connected to the input terminal of the computer; the output terminal of the computer is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the output terminal of the controller is connected to the working status control terminals of the two bag filters respectively.

[0010] The computer is used to open only one of the bag filters via the controller, and after the leachate flows into the inlet pipe, it determines whether to switch the bag filter based on the real-time total number of inlet particles collected by the first particle counter, the real-time total number of outlet particles collected by the second particle counter, the real-time inlet flow rate collected by the first mass flow meter, the real-time outlet flow rate collected by the second mass flow meter, and the real-time equipment pressure collected by the pressure transmitter on the top of the running bag filter. If it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched, the computer opens the bag filter that is in the closed state and closes the running bag filter via the controller.

[0011] An automatic switching method for surface filters in uranium leaching mining, wherein the automatic switching method is applied to the aforementioned automatic switching device for surface filters in uranium leaching mining, the automatic switching method comprising:

[0012] Turn on one of the bag filters and turn off the other bag filter.

[0013] After the leachate flows into the inlet pipe of the automatic switching device, the total number of inlet particles collected by the first particle counter, the total number of outlet particles collected by the second particle counter, the inlet flow rate collected by the first mass flow meter, the outlet flow rate collected by the second mass flow meter, and the equipment pressure collected by the pressure transmitter on top of the bag filter that is in operation are acquired in real time.

[0014] Based on the total number of inlet particles, the total number of outlet particles, the inlet flow rate, the outlet flow rate, and the equipment pressure, determine whether it is necessary to switch the bag filter.

[0015] If it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched, open the bag filter that is in the closed state, turn off the running bag filter, and replace the filter bag inside the closed bag filter.

[0016] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0017] This invention discloses an automatic switching device and method for surface filters in uranium leaching mining. Particle counters and mass flow meters are installed on the inlet and outlet pipes of two bag filters. The pressure gauges on top of the two bag filters are replaced with pressure transmitters. The device collects real-time data on the total number of inlet and outlet particles, inlet flow rate, outlet flow rate, and equipment pressure. Based on these data, the device automatically determines whether switching of the bag filters is necessary and automatically controls the switching when required. This invention abandons the previous method of switching based solely on pressure values, instead using comprehensive analysis of multiple data points to achieve switching, thus avoiding erroneous equipment switching operations caused by "false pressure increases." Furthermore, it eliminates the need for manual switching, employing automation to achieve intelligent filter switching, thereby enabling precise and rapid switching of bag filters. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an automatic switching device for surface filters in uranium leaching mining, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an automatic switching method for surface filters in uranium leaching mining, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of determining whether to switch bag filters according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a data graphic displayed on a computer terminal as provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 The diagram shows the switching device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0024] Symbol explanation:

[0025] 1-Inlet pipe, 21-First particle counter, 22-Second particle counter, 31-First mass flow meter, 32-Second mass flow meter, 41-First inlet solenoid valve, 42-Second inlet solenoid valve, 51-First bag filter, 52-Second bag filter, 61-First pressure transmitter, 62-Second pressure transmitter, 71-First outlet solenoid valve, 72-Second outlet solenoid valve, 81-First drain solenoid valve, 82-Second drain solenoid valve, 9-Data acquisition line, 10-Computer, 11-Control line, 12-Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] This invention proposes an automatic switching device and method for surface filters in in-situ leaching uranium mining. By comprehensively analyzing multiple key parameters such as pressure, flow rate, and particle size in the surface filtration process of in-situ leaching uranium mining, a judgment criterion for switching bag filters is established, and automated collection and control methods are integrated. Through multi-parameter feedback results, accurate and rapid switching of bag filters is achieved, thereby improving work efficiency and reducing the labor time and intensity of personnel.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an automatic switching device for surface filters in uranium leaching mining, comprising: a first particle counter 21, a second particle counter 22, a first mass flow meter 31, a second mass flow meter 32, a first pressure transmitter 61, a second pressure transmitter 62, a controller 12, a computer 10, and two bag filters.

[0031] The inlet pipe 1 is connected to the inlet branches of two bag filters respectively; the first particle counter 21 and the first mass flow meter 31 are both installed on the inlet pipe 1; the second particle counter 22 and the second mass flow meter 32 are both installed on the outlet pipe after the outlet branches of the two bag filters merge; the first pressure transmitter 61 and the second pressure transmitter 62 are respectively installed on the top of the two bag filters.

[0032] The signal output terminals of the first particle counter 21, the second particle counter 22, the first mass flow meter 31, the second mass flow meter 32, the first pressure transmitter 61, and the second pressure transmitter 62 are all connected to the input terminal of the computer 10; the output terminal of the computer 10 is connected to the input terminal of the controller 12, and the output terminal of the controller 12 is connected to the working status control terminals of the two bag filters respectively.

[0033] The computer 10 is used to turn on only one of the bag filters via the controller 12. After the leachate flows into the inlet pipe 1, the computer determines whether to switch the bag filter based on the total number of inlet particles collected in real time by the first particle counter 21, the total number of outlet particles collected in real time by the second particle counter 22, the inlet flow rate collected in real time by the first mass flow meter 31, the outlet flow rate collected in real time by the second mass flow meter 32, and the equipment pressure collected in real time by the pressure transmitter on the top of the running bag filter. If it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched, the computer turns on the bag filter that is in the closed state via the controller 12 and turns off the running bag filter.

[0034] Specifically, the conditions that computer 10 needs to meet to determine that the bag filter needs to be switched are as follows:

[0035] P≥0.6MPa, (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1 and N1'-N2'≥0.2;

[0036] Where P is the equipment pressure collected by the pressure transmitter at the top of a running bag filter; Q1 is the inlet flow rate; Q2 is the outlet flow rate; N1' is the first particle number, N1' = N 1δ / N1, where N1 is the total number of imported particles, N 1δ N2' is the number of inlet particles with a diameter less than μ; N2' is the number of second particles, N2' = N 2δ / N2, where N2 is the total number of particles exiting the outlet, N 2δ This represents the number of outlet particles with a diameter less than μ; μ represents the filtration accuracy of the filter bag.

[0037] The automatic switching device also includes multiple solenoid valves. One solenoid valve is installed on the inlet branch of each of the two bag filters, the outlet branch of each of the two bag filters, and the drain outlet of each of the two bag filters. The control terminals of all the solenoid valves are connected to the output terminal of the controller 12.

[0038] Figure 1 In the diagram, MC represents the controller, F1 represents the first mass flow meter, F2 represents the second mass flow meter, P1 represents the first pressure transmitter, and P2 represents the second pressure transmitter. The arrows indicate the direction of the leachate flow.

[0039] The working process of an automatic switching device for surface filters in uranium leaching mining according to an embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0040] 1. Install a first particle counter 21 and a first mass flow meter 31 on the inlet pipe 1 of the two bag filters. Install a second particle counter 22 and a second mass flow meter 32 on the outlet pipes of the two bag filters. Install a first inlet solenoid valve 41 on the inlet pipe 1 of the first bag filter 51 and a first outlet solenoid valve 71 on the outlet pipe of the first bag filter 51. Install a second inlet solenoid valve 42 on the inlet pipe 1 of the second bag filter 52 and a second outlet solenoid valve 72 on the outlet pipe of the second bag filter 52. Connect the first particle counter 21, the first mass flow meter 31, the second particle counter 22, and the second mass flow meter 32 to the computer 10 through the acquisition line 9.

[0041] A first pressure transmitter 61 is installed on the top of the first bag filter 51, and a second pressure transmitter 62 is installed on the top of the second bag filter 52; a first drain solenoid valve 81 is installed at the bottom drain outlet of the first bag filter 51, and a second drain solenoid valve 82 is installed at the bottom drain outlet of the second bag filter 52; the first pressure transmitter 61 and the second pressure transmitter 62 are connected to the computer 10 through the acquisition line 9.

[0042] The first inlet solenoid valve 41, the first outlet solenoid valve 71, the second inlet solenoid valve 42, the second outlet solenoid valve 72, the first drain solenoid valve 81, and the second drain solenoid valve 82 are all connected to the controller 12 via control line 11.

[0043] 2. Both the first bag filter 51 and the second bag filter 52 contain clean filter bags with a certain filtration accuracy and are in standby mode.

[0044] 3. Computer 10 opens the inlet and outlet solenoid valves of one bag filter and closes the drain solenoid valve through controller 12; and closes all solenoid valves of another bag filter.

[0045] Fourth, the leachate flows into this device for filtration. Data are collected from the first particle counter 21, the second particle counter 22, the first mass flow meter 31, and the second mass flow meter 32, and the equipment pressure of the bag filter is collected at the same time.

[0046] 5. The data collected by the first particle counter 21, the second particle counter 22, the first mass flow meter 31, the second mass flow meter 32 and the pressure transmitter are transmitted to the computer 10 through the acquisition line 9, and the collected data are displayed on the interface of the computer 10 in a graphical manner; the computer 10 has built-in functional relationships between the three types of data, and determines whether to perform filter switching operation based on the functional relationships.

[0047] The automatic switching device for surface filters in uranium leaching mining according to an embodiment of the present invention functions as follows: the leachate flows through a particle counter (first particle counter 21) and a mass flow meter (first mass flow meter 31) at the inlet of the device, and the collected data is transmitted to the computer 10 for plotting in real time. The leachate then enters a bag filter for filtration. The filtered leachate flows out from the bottom outlet pipe of the bag filter, and after passing through a particle counter (second particle counter 22) and a mass flow meter (second mass flow meter 32) at the outlet of the device, it enters the subsequent adsorption process in the hydrometallurgical stage. A pressure gauge at the top of the bag filter records the equipment pressure and transmits it to the computer 10 in real time. The computer 10 has an embedded equipment switching judgment model (see Embodiment 2), and decides whether to switch equipment based on the model calculation results.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an automatic switching method for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining. The automatic switching method is applied to an automatic switching device for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining according to Embodiment 1. The automatic switching method includes:

[0050] Step 1: Turn on one of the bag filters and turn off the other bag filter.

[0051] Step 2: After the leachate flows into the inlet pipe 1 of the automatic switching device, the total number of inlet particles collected by the first particle counter 21, the total number of outlet particles collected by the second particle counter 22, the inlet flow rate collected by the first mass flow meter 31, the outlet flow rate collected by the second mass flow meter 32, and the equipment pressure collected by the pressure transmitter on the top of the bag filter that is running are acquired in real time.

[0052] Step 3: Based on the total number of inlet particles, the total number of outlet particles, the inlet flow rate, the outlet flow rate, and the equipment pressure, determine whether it is necessary to switch the bag filter.

[0053] See Figure 3 The detailed process for determining whether to switch bag filters is as follows:

[0054] Sub-step 3.1: If the equipment pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold, determine whether the inlet flow rate and the outlet flow rate satisfy (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1; where Q1 is the inlet flow rate and Q2 is the outlet flow rate.

[0055] Sub-step 3.2: If the inlet flow rate and the outlet flow rate satisfy (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1, then based on the total number of inlet particles and the total number of outlet particles, according to the formula N1'=N 1δ / N1 and N2' = N 2δ / N2, calculate the number of the first and second particles respectively; where N1 is the total number of imported particles, N 1δ N1' is the number of inlet particles with a diameter less than μ, and N2 is the number of first particles; N2 is the total number of outlet particles. 2δ N2' represents the number of outlet particles with a diameter less than μ, and μ represents the filter bag filtration accuracy.

[0056] Sub-step 3.3: Determine whether the number of the first particle and the number of the second particle satisfy N1'-N2'≥0.2.

[0057] Sub-step 3.4: If the number of the first particle and the number of the second particle satisfy N1'-N2'≥0.2, then it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched.

[0058] Sub-step 3.5: If the equipment pressure is less than the pressure threshold, or the inlet flow rate and the outlet flow rate do not meet (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1, or the first particle number and the second particle number do not meet N1'-N2'≥0.2, then it is determined that there is no need to switch the bag filter.

[0059] Step 3, after calculating the first and second particle counts, also includes: plotting the curves of inlet flow rate over time, outlet flow rate over time, equipment pressure over time, first particle count over time, and second particle count over time in the same graph.

[0060] Sub-steps 3.1 to 3.5 constitute the device switching judgment model embedded within the computer 10.

[0061] Step 4: If it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched, open the bag filter that is in the closed state, turn off the running bag filter, and replace the filter bag inside the closed bag filter.

[0062] The specific operations include: opening the bag filter that is in the closed state, closing the running bag filter, and replacing the filter bag inside the closed bag filter.

[0063] Sub-step 4.1: Designate the running bag filter as the first bag filter 51 and the bag filter in the closed state as the second bag filter 52.

[0064] Sub-step 4.2: Open the solenoid valve on the inlet branch of the second bag filter 52, and after the equipment pressure of the second bag filter 52 reaches 0.3MPa or the solenoid valve on the inlet branch of the second bag filter 52 is fully open, open the solenoid valve on the outlet branch of the second bag filter 52.

[0065] Sub-step 4.3: Close the solenoid valve on the outlet branch of the first bag filter 51, and then close the solenoid valve on the inlet branch of the first bag filter 51.

[0066] Sub-step 4.4: Open the solenoid valve at the drain port of the first bag filter 51 to release the pressure of the first bag filter 51, and close the solenoid valve at the drain port of the first bag filter 51 after the equipment pressure of the first bag filter 51 drops to 0.

[0067] Sub-step 4.5: Open the top cover of the first bag filter 51 and replace the internal filter bag.

[0068] Step 4 is followed by: automatically recording and updating the number of switches each time a switch operation is performed.

[0069] The following describes a more detailed automatic switching method process for a surface filter in uranium leaching mining, based on an automatic switching device for surface filters in Embodiment 1.

[0070] 1. Install a first particle counter 21 and a first mass flow meter 31 on the inlet pipes 1 of the two bag filters. Install a second particle counter 22 and a second mass flow meter 32 on the outlet pipes of the two bag filters. Install a first inlet solenoid valve 41 on the inlet pipe 1 of the first bag filter 51 and a first outlet solenoid valve 71 on the outlet pipe of the first bag filter 51. Install a second inlet solenoid valve 42 on the inlet pipe 1 of the second bag filter 52 and a second outlet solenoid valve 72 on the outlet pipe of the second bag filter 52. Connect the first particle counter 21, the first mass flow meter 31, the second particle counter 22, and the second mass flow meter 32 to the computer 10 through the acquisition line 9.

[0071] 2. Replace the pressure gauges on the top of the two bag filters with pressure transmitters; replace the manual regulating valve at the bottom drain of the bag filter with a solenoid valve; and connect the first pressure transmitter 61 and the second pressure transmitter 62 to the computer 10 via the acquisition line 9.

[0072] 3. Both bag filters are equipped with clean filter bags of a certain filtration precision and are in standby mode.

[0073] 4. Open the inlet and outlet solenoid valves of one of the bag filters, and close the drain solenoid valve; close all solenoid valves of the other bag filter.

[0074] 5. The leachate flows into this device for filtration. Data are collected from the first particle counter 21, the second particle counter 22, the first mass flow meter 31, and the second mass flow meter 32, and the equipment pressure of the bag filter is collected at the same time.

[0075] 6. The data collected by the first particle counter 21, the second particle counter 22, the first mass flow meter 31, the second mass flow meter 32 and the pressure transmitter are transmitted to the computer 10 through the acquisition line 9. The computer 10 has built-in functional relationships between the three types of data, and determines whether to perform filter switching operation based on the functional relationships.

[0076] The functional relationship is:

[0077] 1. P1 or P2 ≥ 0.6 MPa.

[0078] 2. (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1.

[0079] 3. N1'-N2'≥0.2.

[0080] in:

[0081] P1: Equipment pressure of the first bag filter 51, MPa.

[0082] P2: Equipment pressure of the second bag filter 52, MPa.

[0083] Q1: Import flow, m 3 / h.

[0084] Q2: Outflow rate, m 3 / h.

[0085] μ: Filtration precision of filter bag, μm.

[0086] N1: Total number of imported particles, in units.

[0087] N2: Total number of exported particles, in units.

[0088] N1δ : Number of inlet particles with a diameter less than μ.

[0089] N 2δ : Number of outlet particles with a diameter less than μ.

[0090] N1'=N 1δ / N1, N2'=N 2δ / N2.

[0091] N1 and N2 contain particles of different sizes.

[0092] For a switching operation to be performed, all three relationships must be satisfied simultaneously, with the pressure value being the primary condition.

[0093] 7. When a bag filter switching operation is required based on the result of the function relationship, the running bag filter is named the first bag filter 51, and the bag filter in the closed state is named the second bag filter 52. The controller 12 achieves the purpose according to the following steps:

[0094] ① Open the inlet solenoid valve of the second bag filter 52. At this time, the equipment pressure of the second bag filter 52 will rise rapidly. When the equipment pressure reaches 0.3MPa or the inlet solenoid valve of the second bag filter 52 is fully open, open the outlet solenoid valve of the second bag filter 52.

[0095] ② Close the outlet solenoid valve of the first bag filter 51, and then close the inlet solenoid valve of the first bag filter 51. At this time, the first bag filter 51 contains leachate and the pressure is slightly lower than before the switch.

[0096] ③ Open the drain solenoid valve at the bottom of the first bag filter 51 to release the equipment pressure of the first bag filter 51. After the equipment pressure drops to 0, close the drain solenoid valve.

[0097] ④ Manually open the top cover of the first bag filter 51 and replace the internal filter bag.

[0098] 8. The bag filter switching process is complete.

[0099] For example, each time the device performs a switching operation, it automatically records and updates the data on the computer 10. The switching frequency can be used as a basis for assessing the degree of blockage in the ore layer of an in-situ leaching uranium mine.

[0100] The data collected on the computer also has the function of automatically plotting graphs.

[0101] The computer has an embedded Python program. The code for automatic device switching written in Python is as follows:

[0102] #Relay Control

[0103] import serial# The solenoid valve uses serial control serial port.

[0104] import pyvisa as visa # Data collection uses pyvisa

[0105] importmatplotlib.pyplot as plt

[0106] import matplotlib

[0107] import numpy as np

[0108] importre

[0109] importtime

[0110] import sleep from time #Control sleep delay

[0111] matplotlib.rc("font",family='YouYuan')

[0112] relay = serial.Serial('COM14', 9600) # Opens the serial port 'COM14' with a baud rate of 9600 # The solenoid valve opening and closing commands use the Serial command.

[0113] on_CKF1 = bytes.fromhex('A00101A2') # Command to open the first outlet valve.

[0114] on_CKF2 = bytes.fromhex('A00201A3') # Second outlet valve opening command on_RKF1 = bytes.fromhex('A00201A3') # First inlet valve opening command on_RKF2 = bytes.fromhex('A00201A3') # Second inlet valve opening command on_PSF1 = bytes.fromhex('A00201A3') # First drain valve opening command on_PSF2 = bytes.fromhex('A00201A3') # Second drain valve opening command off_CKF1 = bytes.fromhex('A00100A1') ')# First outlet valve closing command off_CKF2=bytes.fromhex('A00200A2')# Second outlet valve closing command off_RKF1=bytes.fromhex('A00201A3')# First inlet valve closing command off_RKF2=bytes.fromhex('A00201A3')# Second inlet valve closing command off_PSF1=bytes.fromhex('A00201A3')# First drain valve closing command off_PSF2=bytes.fromhex('A00201A3')# Second drain valve closing command def read_data():

[0115] rm = visa.ResourceManager()

[0116] res = rm.list_resources()

[0117] mydev=rm.open_resource(res[0])

[0118] mydev.write(':SENS:DIG:FUNC"PRES1"')# Open the serial port of pressure sensor 1

[0119] mydev.write(':SENS:DIG:FUNC"PRES2"')# Open the serial port of pressure sensor 2

[0120] mydev.write(':SENS:DIG:FUNC"FLOW1"') # Opens the serial port of mass flow meter 1 mydev.write(':SENS:DIG:FUNC"FLOW2"') # Opens the serial port of mass flow meter 2 mydev.write(':SENS:DIG:FUNC"COUN1"') # Opens the serial port of particle counter 1 mydev.write(':SENS:DIG:FUNC"COUN2"') # Opens the serial port of particle counter 2 P1 = float(mydev.ask("MEAS:PRES1?"))

[0121] P2=float(mydev.ask("MEAS:PRES2?"))

[0122] Q1=float(mydev.ask("MEAS:FLOW1?"))

[0123] Q2=float(mydev.ask("MEAS:FLOW2?"))

[0124] N1s=float(mydev.ask("MEAS:COUN1"))

[0125] N2s=float(mydev.ask("MEAS:COUN2"))

[0126] return P1, P2, Q1, Q2, N1s, N2s def relaycv1(): # Function for switching the relay solenoid valve. This relay is a USB to serial converter using a CH340 chip, and the serial port number is COM14. # Open the first outlet valve, open the second inlet valve, close the first inlet valve, close the first outlet valve, open the first drain valve, and close the first drain valve when the drain valve pressure indicator is 0.

[0127] relay.write(on_CKF1) # Write the command to open the first outlet valve.

[0128] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0129] relay.write(on_RKF1)# Open the first inlet valve

[0130] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0131] relay.write(off_RKF2)# Close the second inlet valve

[0132] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0133] relay.write(off_CKF2) # Close the second inlet valve

[0134] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0135] relay.write(on_PSF2) # Write command to open the second relay.

[0136] while P2 = 0: # Write the command to close the drain valve when the pressure of the second drain valve reaches 0.

[0137] relay.write(off_PSF2)

[0138] relay.close() # Close the serial port after use.

[0139] def relaycv2(): ## Open the second outlet valve, open the second inlet valve, close the first inlet valve, close the first outlet valve, open the first drain valve, and close the first drain valve when the drain valve pressure indicator is 0. relay = serial.Serial('COM14', 9600) # Open the serial port COM14, the baud rate is 9600.

[0140] relay.write(on_CKF2) # Write the command to open the second outlet valve.

[0141] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0142] relay.write(on_RKF2)# Open the second inlet valve

[0143] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0144] relay.write(off_RKF1) # Close the first inlet valve

[0145] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0146] relay.write(off_CKF1) # Close the first inlet valve

[0147] sleep(0.02) # Delay for 0.02 seconds

[0148] relay.write(on_PSF1) # Write the command to open the first drain valve.

[0149] while P1 = 0: # Write the command to close the drain valve when the pressure of the first drain valve reaches 0.

[0150] relay.write(off_PSF1)

[0151] relay.close() # Close the serial port after use.

[0152] YLB=1

[0153] P = P1

[0154] #Drawing an image (using a pressure transmitter image as an example)

[0155] cur_val=float(re.match('.*',mydev.query("MEAS:PRES%s?"%YLB))[0])last_time=time.time()

[0156] first_time = last_time

[0157] sum = 0

[0158] print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d%H:%M:%S",time.localtime()))

[0159] curr = []

[0160] i = []

[0161] n=0

[0162] plt.figure(figsize=(10,5))

[0163] plt.grid(linestyle = '-.')

[0164] while 1:# Pressure plotting

[0165] n = n + 1

[0166] cur_time = time.time()

[0167] sum=sum+cur_val*(cur_time-last_time)

[0168] last_time=cur_timecur_val=float(re.match('.*',mydev.query("MEAS:PRES%s?"%YLB))[0])

[0169] curr.append(cur_val)

[0170] i.append(n)

[0171] ifn>1000:

[0172] curr.pop(0)

[0173] i.pop(0)

[0174] plt.clf() # Clears the previously drawn graph

[0175] plt.grid(linestyle = '-.')

[0176] #time_local=[time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d",time.localtime(i / 1000))foriin netWorthArray[:,0]]

[0177] plt.plot(i,curr)

[0178] plt.title('Mean: {:.5f}mA Cumulative Time: {:.3f}s'.format(np.mean(curr),cur_time-first_time))

[0179] ##plt.set_xticks(xticks)

[0180] #plt.xticks(netWorthArray[:,0],time_local)

[0181] ##plt.set_xticklabels(time_local,rotation=15)

[0182] #plt.show()

[0183] plt.xlabel('num')

[0184] plt.ylabel('MPa')

[0185] plt.pause(0.01)

[0186] P1,P2,Q1,Q2,N1s,N2s=read_data()

[0187] ifP>=0.6and(Q1-Q2) / Q1>=0.1andN1s-N2s>=0.2:

[0188] ifYLB==1:

[0189] relaycv2()

[0190] YLB=2

[0191] P = P1

[0192] else:

[0193] relaycv1()

[0194] YLB=1

[0195] P = P2

[0196] Based on multi-data feedback, this invention provides an automatic switching method for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining. The advantages are: First, it eliminates the need for manual equipment switching, employing automation to achieve intelligent switching of bag filters; second, it moves beyond relying solely on pressure values ​​for switching, instead using comprehensive analysis of multiple data points to avoid erroneous switching due to false pressure increases; third, it incorporates particle counts across different size ranges from multiple monitoring data points and compares them with the filter bag's precision, providing a more scientific assessment of filter clogging levels. This method is simple in principle, intelligent in operation, and low in cost, enabling precise and rapid switching of bag filters while reducing manual operation time and intensity.

[0197] The above method was installed and put into operation at a uranium mine.

[0198] The uranium ore leaching solution flow rate is 20 m³ / s. 3 / h, bag filter processing capacity 50m³ 3 The system operates at a flow rate of / h, with a design pressure of 1MPa and an internal filter bag precision of 50μm. During system deployment, connect the flow meter, particle counter, pressure gauge, and related wiring. The turbine flow meter is model LWGYC-100, the pressure transmitter is model MIK-P300-2MPa, the particle counter is model KB-3A, the data acquisition and transmission protocol is RS485, and the acquisition frequency is 1 time / 30min.

[0199] The data collected by the first particle counter 21, the second particle counter 22, the first mass flow meter 31, the second mass flow meter 32, and the pressure transmitter, as well as the first and second particle counts calculated by the computer 10, are displayed graphically on the interface of the computer 10. (See...) Figure 4 .

[0200] exist Figure 4 On this basis, Figure 5 The diagram shows the switching device.

[0201] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This was achieved after the uranium mine had been operating normally for about a day and a half using the method described in this embodiment of the invention, which effectively enabled the automatic switching of the bag filter.

[0202] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0203] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic switching device for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining, characterized in that, The automatic switching device includes: a first particle counter, a second particle counter, a first mass flow meter, a second mass flow meter, a first pressure transmitter, a second pressure transmitter, a controller, a computer, and two bag filters; The inlet pipe is connected to the inlet branches of two bag filters respectively; the first particle counter and the first mass flow meter are both installed on the inlet pipe; the second particle counter and the second mass flow meter are both installed on the outlet pipe after the outlet branches of the two bag filters merge; the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter are respectively installed on the top of the two bag filters. The signal output terminals of the first particle counter, the second particle counter, the first mass flow meter, the second mass flow meter, the first pressure transmitter, and the second pressure transmitter are all connected to the input terminal of the computer; the output terminal of the computer is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the output terminal of the controller is connected to the working status control terminals of the two bag filters respectively. The computer is used to open only one of the bag filters through the controller, and after the leachate flows into the inlet pipe, it determines whether to switch the bag filter based on the total number of inlet particles collected in real time by the first particle counter, the total number of outlet particles collected in real time by the second particle counter, the inlet flow rate collected in real time by the first mass flow meter, the outlet flow rate collected in real time by the second mass flow meter, and the equipment pressure collected in real time by the pressure transmitter on the top of the running bag filter. If it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched, the computer opens the bag filter that is in the closed state and closes the running bag filter through the controller. The computer determines that the conditions for switching the bag filter must be met as follows: P≥0.6 MPa, (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1 and N1'-N2'≥0.2; Where P is the equipment pressure collected by the pressure transmitter at the top of a running bag filter; Q1 is the inlet flow rate; Q2 is the outlet flow rate; N1' is the first particle number, N1'=N 1δ / N1, where N1 is the total number of imported particles, N 1δ N2' is the number of inlet particles with a diameter less than μ; N2' is the number of second particles, N2' = N 2δ / N2, where N2 is the total number of particles exiting the outlet, N 2δ This represents the number of outlet particles with a diameter less than μ; μ represents the filtration accuracy of the filter bag.

2. The automatic switching device for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic switching device also includes: multiple solenoid valves; A solenoid valve is installed on the inlet branch of each of the two bag filters, the outlet branch of each of the two bag filters, and the drain outlet of each of the two bag filters. The control terminals of multiple solenoid valves are all connected to the output terminal of the controller.

3. A method for automatically switching surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining, characterized in that, The automatic switching method is applied to the automatic switching device for surface filters in uranium leaching mining as described in any one of claims 1-2, and the automatic switching method includes: Turn on one of the bag filters and turn off the other bag filter; After the leachate flows into the inlet pipe of the automatic switching device, the total number of inlet particles collected by the first particle counter, the total number of outlet particles collected by the second particle counter, the inlet flow rate collected by the first mass flow meter, the outlet flow rate collected by the second mass flow meter, and the equipment pressure collected by the pressure transmitter on top of the bag filter that is in operation are acquired in real time. Based on the total number of inlet particles, the total number of outlet particles, the inlet flow rate, the outlet flow rate, and the equipment pressure, determine whether it is necessary to switch the bag filter; If it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched, open the bag filter that is in the closed state, turn off the running bag filter, and replace the filter bag inside the closed bag filter.

4. The automatic switching method for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the total number of inlet particles, the total number of outlet particles, the inlet flow rate, the outlet flow rate, and the equipment pressure, determine whether it is necessary to switch the bag filter, specifically including: If the equipment pressure is greater than or equal to the pressure threshold, then determine whether the inlet flow rate and the outlet flow rate satisfy (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1; where Q1 is the inlet flow rate and Q2 is the outlet flow rate; If the inflow rate and the outflow rate satisfy (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1, then based on the total number of inflow particles and the total number of outflow particles, according to the formula N1'=N 1δ / N1 and N2'=N 2δ / N2, calculate the number of the first and second particles respectively; where N1 is the total number of imported particles, N 1δ N1' is the number of inlet particles with a diameter less than μ, and N2 is the number of first particles; N2 is the total number of outlet particles. 2δ N2' represents the number of outlet particles with a diameter smaller than μ, and μ represents the filter bag filtration accuracy. Determine whether the number of the first particle and the number of the second particle satisfy N1'-N2'≥0.2; If the first particle count and the second particle count satisfy N1'-N2'≥0.2, then it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched. If the equipment pressure is less than the pressure threshold, or the inlet flow rate and the outlet flow rate do not meet (Q1-Q2) / Q1≥0.1, or the first particle number and the second particle number do not meet N1'-N2'≥0.2, then it is determined that there is no need to switch the bag filter.

5. The automatic switching method for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining according to claim 3, characterized in that, Open the bag filter that is in the closed position, turn off the running bag filter, and replace the filter bag inside the closed bag filter. Specifically, this includes: The bag filter that is in operation is designated as the first bag filter, and the bag filter that is in the closed state is designated as the second bag filter. Open the solenoid valve on the inlet branch of the second bag filter, and after the equipment pressure of the second bag filter reaches 0.3MPa or the solenoid valve on the inlet branch of the second bag filter is fully open, open the solenoid valve on the outlet branch of the second bag filter. Close the solenoid valve on the outlet branch of the first bag filter, and then close the solenoid valve on the inlet branch of the first bag filter. Open the solenoid valve at the drain port of the first bag filter to release the pressure of the first bag filter, and close the solenoid valve at the drain port of the first bag filter after the equipment pressure of the first bag filter drops to 0. Open the top cover of the first bag filter and replace the internal filter bag.

6. The automatic switching method for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining according to claim 3, characterized in that, If it is determined that the bag filter needs to be switched, open the bag filter that is in the closed state, close the running bag filter, replace the filter bag inside the closed bag filter, and then proceed as follows: Each time a switching operation is performed, the number of switching operations is automatically recorded and updated.

7. The automatic switching method for surface filters in in-situ uranium leaching mining according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the total number of inlet particles, the total number of outlet particles, the inlet flow rate, the outlet flow rate, and the equipment pressure, determine whether the bag filter needs to be switched, and then further include: Plot the curves of inlet flow rate over time, outlet flow rate over time, equipment pressure over time, first particle number over time, and second particle number over time in the same graph.

Images