Tool-less screw assembly, tool-less screw, and tool-less screw fitting

Abstract

The application provides a tool-free screw assembly, a tool-free screw and a tool-free screw accessory, which comprises a base, a stud and a sleeve arranged concentrically with a central axis. The stud is movably arranged in the base, and the sleeve is movably arranged on the stud. The sleeve has a first locking structure, the base has a second locking structure, and the stud has a third locking structure. In a first state, the sleeve and the base are locked together by the first locking structure and the second locking structure, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the first locking structure and the third locking structure. In a second state, the first locking structure and the second locking structure are unlocked from each other to separate the sleeve from the base, the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the first locking structure and the third locking structure, and the sleeve and the stud can synchronously rotate relative to the base along the central axis. The application has better locking force and is not easy to loosen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fastener technology, and in particular to a tool-free screw assembly, a tool-free screw, and a tool-free screw accessory. Background Technology

[0002] Existing screws typically require the use of washers, nuts, or even adhesive to secure them in order to effectively prevent them from loosening.

[0003] However, these methods still present subsequent problems. Take washers as an example: since they are separate components from screws, they are easily scattered and lost after disassembly, making them difficult for users to store. Furthermore, washers increase screw tightening force by increasing friction, thus relying heavily on their material properties. If wear and tear eliminates this friction, the desired effect cannot be achieved. In other words, their durability or lifespan decreases with repeated use.

[0004] Furthermore, while dispensing adhesive can directly secure screws to their objects, it obviously cannot be repeatedly disassembled and reassembled. Additionally, dispensing adhesive still requires a curing time and cannot produce an immediate locking effect.

[0005] Based on the above, how to improve the ease of use of tool-free screws while overcoming the aforementioned technical problems and maintaining the proper locking force of the screws to prevent loosening is a topic that relevant technical personnel need to consider. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention relates to a tool-free screw assembly, a tool-free screw, and tool-free screw accessories, which have better locking force and are not easy to loosen.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a tool-less screw assembly includes a base, a stud, and a sleeve arranged coaxially. The stud is movably inserted into the base, and the sleeve is movably fitted onto the stud. The sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure, the base has a second locking structure, and the stud has a third locking structure. The first locking structure is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure, and the third and fourth locking structures are used to switch between different locking states. In a first state, the sleeve and the base are locked together by the first and second locking structures, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth and third locking structures, forming one locking state. In a second state, the first and second locking structures are unlocked to separate the sleeve from the base, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth and third locking structures, forming another locking state, and the sleeve and the stud can rotate synchronously relative to the base along the central axis.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a tool-less screw is used to fasten to an object having a second locking structure. The tool-less screw includes a sleeve and a stud arranged concentrically. The sleeve is movably fitted onto the stud, and the sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure, while the stud has a third locking structure. The first locking structure is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure, and the third and fourth locking structures are used to switch between different locking states. In a first state, the stud is fastened to the object, and the sleeve and the object are locked together by the first and second locking structures, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth and third locking structures, forming one of the locking states. In a second state, the first and second locking structures are unlocked to separate the sleeve from the object, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth and third locking structures, forming another locking state, allowing the sleeve and the stud to rotate synchronously relative to the object along the central axis.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a tool-less screw accessory is adapted to a stud, the stud having a third locking structure. The tool-less screw accessory includes a sleeve and a base. The sleeve is movably fitted onto the stud, the stud is movably inserted into the base, and the sleeve, base, and stud are arranged together coaxially. The sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure, and the base has a second locking structure. The first locking structure is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure, and the third and fourth locking structures are used to switch between different locking states. In a first state, the sleeve and base are locked together by the first and second locking structures, and the sleeve and stud are locked together by the fourth and third locking structures, forming one of the locking states. In a second state, the first and second locking structures are unlocked to separate the sleeve from the base, and the sleeve and stud are locked together by the fourth and third locking structures, forming another locking state, so that the sleeve and stud can rotate synchronously relative to the base along the central axis.

[0010] Based on the above, the tool-less screw assembly includes a base, a stud, and a sleeve, all arranged concentrically. The stud is movably inserted into the base, and the sleeve is movably fitted onto the stud. Furthermore, the sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure, the base has a second locking structure, and the stud has a third locking structure. The first locking structure is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure, and the third and fourth locking structures are used to switch between different locking states. Combined with the corresponding relationships of the aforementioned components, this allows the tool-less screw assembly to achieve a first state and a second state. In the first state, the sleeve is locked to both the stud and the base, effectively securing all three together. In the second state, only the sleeve and the stud are locked together. In this way, the user can use the tool-free screw assembly in the second state to smoothly attach it to (or unlock) the object, and then switch to the first state after attaching it to the object. The attachment force required to maintain the lock between the stud and the object is maintained by the aforementioned three-way binding relationship, thus avoiding the possibility of the stud coming loose.

[0011] On the other hand, a tool-less screw consisting of a sleeve and a stud is used to fasten to an object. The sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure, and the stud has a third locking structure. By providing a second locking structure on the object, the same effect as described above can be achieved, that is, after the tool-less screw is fastened to the object, it can switch to the first state to maintain the required fastening force and prevent loosening.

[0012] In addition, the socket and base, which are tool-free screw accessories, also have the aforementioned structure to be used with studs. The socket can switch between different locking states with the studs. At the same time, the relationship between the socket and the base whether they are locked or not forms a first state and a second state, so as to provide a locking force to the studs attached to the object and prevent them from loosening. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tool-free screw assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded view of the tool-free screw assembly.

[0015] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional sectional view of a tool-free screw assembly.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a tool-free screw assembly in a locked state.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a partial sectional view of the tool-free screw assembly when switching to the locking state.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of another locked state of the tool-free screw assembly.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a tool-free screw according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a tool-free screw assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same element references are used in the drawings and description to denote the same or similar parts.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a tool-free screw assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded view of the tool-free screw assembly. Please also refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the tool-free screw assembly 100 includes a base 110, a stud 130, and a sleeve 120 arranged coaxially on a central axis AX. The stud 130 is movably inserted into the base 110, and the sleeve 120 is movably fitted onto the stud 130. The sleeve 120 has a first locking structure LT1 and a fourth locking structure LT4, the base 110 has a second locking structure LT2, and the stud 130 has a third locking structure LT3. The first locking structure LT1 is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure LT2, and the third locking structure LT3 and the fourth locking structure LT4 are used to switch between different locking states. In the first state, the sleeve 120 and the base 110 are locked together by the first locking structure LT1 and the second locking structure LT2, and the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 are locked together by the fourth locking structure LT4 and the third locking structure LT3, forming one of the locking states. In the second state, the first locking structure LT1 and the second locking structure LT2 unlock each other to separate the sleeve 120 from the base 110. The sleeve 120 and the stud 130 are locked together by the fourth locking structure LT4 and the third locking structure LT3 to form another locking state, and the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 can rotate synchronously relative to the base 110 along the central axis AX. The various locking structures mentioned above will be explained one by one later.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the sleeve 120 is divided into a driving part C4 and a locking part C3 along the central axis AX. The first locking structure LT1 includes at least one protrusion 121 (in this embodiment, multiple protrusions 121 are used as an example, but this is not a limitation) on the outer wall surface of the locking part C3. The fourth locking structure LT4 includes at least one switching track 122 (in this embodiment, two switching tracks 122 are used as an example, but this is not a limitation) on the driving part C4. The base 110 is a cylindrical structure arranged along the central axis AX, and is divided into an outer ring part C1 with a larger column diameter and a column hole part C2 with a smaller column diameter along the central axis AX. The base 110 has an annular groove 111 provided in the outer ring part C1. The second locking structure LT2 includes a locking track 112 provided in the inner wall of the annular groove 111.

[0024] Correspondingly, the stud 130 is a cylindrical structure along the central axis AX, which is divided into a driving part C5 and a threaded part C6 along the central axis AX. The threaded part C6 is movably inserted into the cylindrical hole C2 and the outer ring C1 of the base 110, while the sleeve 120 is movably fitted onto the driving part C5 of the stud 130. In this embodiment, the surface thread of the threaded part C6 is omitted to facilitate the identification of the other components. It should also be noted that the sleeve 120, stud 130 and base 110, which are arranged along the central axis AX, are all cylindrical structures, and their central axes AX are coaxial.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional sectional view of a tool-free screw assembly. It should be noted that... Figure 3 Except for halving Figure 1 In addition to the tool-free screw assembly 100 shown, the sleeve 120 is further partially sectioned to facilitate identification of the third locking structure LT3. Please also refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the tool-free screw assembly 100 of this embodiment, the third locking structure LT3 includes an elastic member 140 and a ball pin 150 disposed on the stud 130. The ball pin 150 movably abuts against the switching track 122, and the elastic member 140 abuts between the stud 130 and the ball pin 150 and holds the ball pin 150 against the cylindrical body of the sleeve 120. Further, the stud 130 has an opening 131 disposed in the drive section C5. The elastic member 140 is disposed in the opening 131 and abuts against the end of the ball pin 150 within the opening 131. Since the sleeve 120 is sleeved outside the stud 130, the ball pin 150, pushed by the elastic force of the elastic member 140, can movably abut against the switching track 122 disposed in the drive section C4.

[0026] Figures 4 to 6 The locking and unlocking process of the tool-less screw assembly is illustrated in a partial sectional view to facilitate identification of the switching process of the tool-less screw assembly 100. Please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 2 and Figure 4 ,like Figure 4 The diagram shows the second state of the tool-free screw assembly 100, where the protrusion 121 is located outside the locking track 112, thus the sleeve 120 and the base 110 are separated from each other. Simultaneously, the opposite ends of the switching track 122 have positioning groove one 122a and positioning groove two 122b, and the ball pin 150 falls into positioning groove one 122a. Therefore, the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 are in one of the locked states, while the sleeve 120 and the base 110 are in an unlocked (separated) state. At this time, the user can apply force to grip the drive part C4 of the sleeve 120 to drive the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 to rotate synchronously relative to the base 110 along the central axis AX. In other words, the user can drive the stud 130 to lock onto or unlock from an object using the sleeve 120. In this embodiment, the outer wall of the sleeve 120 is provided with a groove structure 123 to increase the friction when the user grips it, thus facilitating operation.

[0027] Next, please refer to the following: Figure 4 and Figure 5 After the user secures the stud 130 to the object, the base 110 is essentially clamped between the stud 130 and the object. At this point, the relative position of the sleeve 120 and the base 110 can be adjusted so that the protrusion 121 aligns with the inlet 112a. Alternatively, the sleeve 120 can be designed to travel a specific locking stroke during the aforementioned securing process, thereby aligning the protrusion 121 with the inlet 112a, where the inlet 112a is actually located at the opening of the annular groove 111. Regardless of the method, the protrusion 121 of the sleeve 120 can smoothly align with the inlet 112a of the locking track 112 of the base 110, facilitating the subsequent movement of the protrusion 121 into the locking track 112. Then, as... Figure 5 As shown, the user drives the sleeve 120 to move along the central axis AX, so that the locking part C3 moves into the annular groove 111, which is equivalent to moving the protrusion 121 into the locking track 112. Then, the user can drive the sleeve 120 to move or rotate relative to the base 110, thereby causing the protrusion 121 to move along the locking track 112 until the protrusion 121 abuts against the end 112b of the locking track 112. Figure 6 As shown. In another embodiment not shown, a chamfered structure may be added to the inlet 112a to facilitate the guide protrusion 121 into the locking track 112.

[0028] On the other hand, as the protrusion 121 moves into the locking track 112, the ball pin 150 also moves from the positioning groove 122a of the switching track 122 to the positioning groove 122b. Furthermore, as in the second state described above, the ball pin 150 actually falls into the positioning groove 122a, causing the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 to be locked together. Therefore, in actual operation, the user must first press the ball pin 150 to disengage it radially (with the central axis AX as the reference center) from the positioning groove 122a, which is equivalent to pressing the ball pin 150 towards the central axis AX. Only then can the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 be unlocked smoothly, and the sleeve 120 be driven to move or rotate relative to the stud 130 and relative to the base 110 along the central axis AX. Figure 4 Switch to Figure 5 , and then from Figure 5 Switch to Figure 6 ,and Figure 6 The first state is shown above. At this time, the protrusion 121 abuts against the end 112b of the locking track 112, and the ball pin 150 falls into the positioning groove 122b. At this time, the sleeve 120 locks with the stud 130 and the base 110 respectively, so that the three are fixed together.

[0029] In this embodiment, the locking track 112 is viewed from a side view (e.g., Figures 4 to 6 The track is an L-shaped track with an opening facing the sleeve 120, and is further divided into three sections connected in sequence: section 1 L11, section 2 L12, and section 3 L13. Section 1 L11 has an entrance 112a of the locking track 112. Section 2 L12 is connected between section 1 L11 and section 3 L13. Section 3 L13 has an end 112b of the locking track 112. In a first state, the protrusion 121 abuts against the end 112b and is located in section 3 L13. In a second state, the protrusion 121 moves away from the locking track 112.

[0030] Furthermore, road segments L11 and L13 are parallel to the central axis AX, while road segment L12 is an arc-shaped path encircling the central axis AX. Moreover, road segment L13, with end 112b, is a dead end. In other words, as... Figure 6 As shown, for the protrusion 121 abutting at end 112b, moving in the reverse direction along section three L13 is the only path to leave end 112b. It can also be seen that section three L13 is actually located within the structure of the outer ring C1 and is not connected to the environment outside the structure of the outer ring C1 (except for the locking track 112). Therefore, the separation of sleeve 120 from base 110 can only be achieved by moving in the reverse direction along the locking track 112, thereby... Figure 6The first state shown creates a locking effect between the sleeve 120 and the base 110. In other words, the locking track 112 is the only way to lock or unlock the sleeve 120 and the base 110 together.

[0031] Conversely, the switching track 122 is used to match the aforementioned locking track 112, and is further divided into section four L21, section five L22 and section six L23. Section five L22 is connected between section four L21 and section six L23. Positioning groove one 122a is located at section four L21 relative to section five L22, and positioning groove two 122b is located at section six L23 relative to section five L22. Ball pin 150 is rotatably coupled to section four L21, section five L22 and section six L23, and forms a first state (which is also one of the aforementioned locking states) when ball pin 150 falls into positioning groove one 122a, or forms a second state (which is also the other aforementioned locking state) when it falls into positioning groove two 122b. Section four L21 and section six L23 are parallel to the central axis AX, and section five L22 is an arc-shaped path around the central axis AX.

[0032] Both the locking track 112 and the switching track 122 have a rectangular spiral track feature that can effectively provide a further locking effect on the already locked studs 130. Furthermore, due to the barb structure generated by the rectangular spiral track, the sleeve 120 is not easily dislodged from the base 110 due to vibration or other factors.

[0033] Based on the above, the protrusion 121 moves within the locking track 112 along path L1 from the inlet 112a to the end 112b. Simultaneously, the ball pin 150 moves within the switching track 122 along path L2 from positioning slot one 122a to positioning slot two 122b. In other words, segments one L11, two L12, and three L13 of the locking track 112 and segments four L21, five L22, and six L23 of the switching track 122 are on opposite track paths (path L1 is opposite to path L2) to accommodate the requirement that the sleeve 120 can move along the central axis AX simultaneously relative to the base 110 and the stud 130.

[0034] It should also be noted that, at the same time, comparison Figure 1 and Figure 3 It can be seen that, in this embodiment, the diameter of the positioning groove 122a and positioning groove 122b on the outer surface of the sleeve 120 is still smaller than the outer diameter of the ball pin 150, so as to avoid the ball pin 150 falling off.

[0035] In another embodiment not shown, unlike the aforementioned ball pin 150, elastic element 140, and switching track 122, the tool-free screw assembly 100 can also achieve a positioning effect through an additionally provided pin. That is, when the positioning groove 122a or the positioning groove 122b corresponds to the opening 131 on the stud 130, the user inserts the pin or related tool into the positioning groove 122a (or positioning groove 122b) and the opening 131 to achieve the same positioning and fixing effect as described above, thus preventing the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 from generating relative (rotational) movement.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a tool-free screw according to another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 7 In this embodiment, objects 200 and 300 are fastened together using a tool-free screw. Unlike the previous embodiments, object 200 includes a base 210 and a component 220, meaning the base 210 is essentially a partial structure of object 200. This can be achieved through welding, riveting, or other means. The sleeve 120 and stud 130 disclosed in the previous embodiments constitute the tool-free screw of this embodiment. Here, the sleeve 120 and stud 130 are also partially cut to facilitate identification of the switching track 122 and ball pin 150 on the sleeve 120. Accordingly, after the stud 130 fastens objects 200 and 300 together, the base 210 clamps between the stud 130 and objects 200 and 300, increasing the fastening force. Simultaneously, the locking force is further increased by the connection between the sleeve 120 and the base 210, thus preventing the stud 130 from loosening.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a tool-free screw assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 8 In this embodiment, the first locking structure LT1a includes a plurality of locking teeth 221 disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve body, and the second locking structure LT2a includes at least one protrusion 211 disposed on the inner wall of the annular groove of the base. In the first state, the protrusion 211 moves into and engages between two adjacent locking teeth 221, while in the second state, the protrusion 211 moves away from these locking teeth 221. In other words, the engaging relationship between the locking teeth 221 and the protrusion 211 provides the effect of locking the sleeve and the stud together in the first state. Conversely, if the protrusion 211 is moved away from the locking teeth 221, the sleeve and the base are unlocked and separated. In other words, the locking track and the switching track in this embodiment are substantially parallel to the central axis AX, respectively.

[0038] As can be seen from the above embodiments, although the tool-free screw assembly 100 is composed of the sleeve 120, the stud 130, and the base 110, the base 110 can be modified to be mounted on the object to be fastened, so that the tool-free screw composed of the sleeve 120 and the stud 130 can also be used to fasten the objects 200 and 300. Furthermore, the sleeve 120 and the base 110 can be considered as tool-free screw accessories because they can be movably matched with the stud 130. In other words, any stud 130 with a third locking structure can be adapted to the sleeve 120 and the base 110 to achieve the fastening effect.

[0039] In summary, in the above embodiments of the present invention, the sleeve, base, and stud of the tool-less screw assembly are coaxially aligned and movably coupled to each other, allowing the sleeve and base to achieve a first and a second state through a first locking structure and a second locking structure, respectively. Simultaneously, the sleeve and stud can achieve different locking states through a fourth and a third locking structure. This combination of states allows the sleeve to smoothly drive the stud to engage with the object, and after engagement, the sleeve can further lock onto both the stud and the base. In other words, besides engaging, the stud can also use the base as a washer to increase its engagement force. Furthermore, the locking relationship between the sleeve, stud, and base means that these three components can strengthen the engagement force of the stud on the object by increasing the bonding strength, thereby preventing the stud from detaching from the object. Moreover, the three components can be unlocked and disassembled, allowing for reuse, which helps to increase service life and reduce manufacturing costs.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool-less screw assembly, comprising: The device includes a base, a stud, and a sleeve arranged concentrically on a central axis. The stud is movably inserted into the base, and the sleeve is movably fitted onto the stud. The sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure. The base has a second locking structure, and the stud has a third locking structure. The first locking structure is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure, and the third and fourth locking structures are used to switch between different locking states. In the first state, the sleeve and the base are locked together by the first locking structure and the second locking structure, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth locking structure and the third locking structure, thus forming one of the locking states. In the second state, the first locking structure and the second locking structure unlock each other to separate the sleeve from the base, while the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth locking structure and the third locking structure to form another locking state, so that the sleeve and the stud can rotate synchronously relative to the base along the central axis.

2. The tool-less screw assembly of claim 1, wherein, The first locking structure includes at least one protrusion disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve body, and the second locking structure includes at least one locking track disposed on the inner wall of the annular groove of the base. In the first state, the protrusion moves into the locking track and abuts against the end of the locking track. In the second state, the protrusion moves away from the locking track.

3. The tool-less screw assembly of claim 2, wherein, The locking track includes three sections connected sequentially: section one, section two, and section three. Section one has an entrance to the locking track. Section two connects section one and section three. Section three has an end of the locking track. In the first state, the protrusion abuts against the end.

4. The tool-less screw assembly of claim 3, wherein, The third road segment with the aforementioned end is a dead end.

5. The tool-less screw assembly of claim 3, wherein, Road segment one and road segment three are parallel to the central axis, and road segment two is an arc-shaped path that surrounds the central axis.

6. The tool-less screw assembly of claim 2, wherein, The entrance to the locking track is located at the opening of the annular groove.

7. The tool-free screw assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth locking structure includes a switching track disposed on the cylinder body of the sleeve. The third locking structure includes an elastic element and a ball pin disposed on the stud. The ball pin movably abuts against the switching track. The elastic element abuts between the stud and the ball pin and constantly pushes the ball pin toward the cylinder body. In the first state, the elastic element pushes the ball pin and positions it at one end of the switching track to form one of the locking states. In the second state, the elastic element pushes the ball pin and positions it at the other end of the switching track to form another locking state.

8. The tool-free screw assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The switching track includes positioning groove one, positioning groove two, track four, track five, and track six. Track five connects track four and track six. Positioning groove one is located at track four relative to track five, and positioning groove two is located at track six relative to track five. The ball pin is rotatably coupled to track four, track five, and track six, and forms one of the locking states when it falls into positioning groove one, or forms another locking state when it falls into positioning groove two.

9. The tool-free screw assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, Road segment four and road segment six are parallel to the central axis, and road segment five is an arc-shaped path that surrounds the central axis.

10. The tool-free screw assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first locking structure includes a plurality of locking teeth disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve body, and the second locking structure includes at least one protrusion disposed on the inner wall of the annular groove of the base. In the first state, the protrusion moves into and is locked between two adjacent locking teeth, and in the second state, the protrusion moves away from the plurality of locking teeth.

11. The tool-free screw assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fourth locking structure includes a positioning groove one and a positioning groove two disposed on the body of the sleeve. The third locking structure includes a pin and an opening disposed on the stud. In the first state, the opening and the positioning groove two correspond to each other for the pin to be inserted. In the second state, the opening and the positioning groove one correspond to each other for the pin to be inserted.

12. The tool-free screw assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first locking structure includes a protrusion disposed on the sleeve; the fourth locking structure includes a switching track disposed on the sleeve; the second locking structure includes a locking track disposed on the base; and the third locking structure includes a ball pin and an elastic element, wherein the elastic element abuts between the stud and the ball pin to keep the ball pin pushed against the sleeve and to allow the ball pin to move along the switching track, and the movement path of the protrusion along the locking track is opposite to the movement path of the ball pin along the switching track.

13. The tool-free screw assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first state, the stud is able to be locked onto the object, and the base is clamped between the stud and the object.

14. A tool-free screw for fastening to an object, said object having a second locking structure, characterized in that, The tool-free screw includes a sleeve and a stud arranged concentrically, wherein the sleeve is movably fitted onto the stud, the sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure, and the stud has a third locking structure, wherein the first locking structure is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure, and the third and fourth locking structures are used to switch between different locking states. In the first state, the stud is attached to the object, the sleeve and the object are locked together by the first locking structure and the second locking structure, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth locking structure and the third locking structure, thus forming one of the locking states. In the second state, the first locking structure and the second locking structure unlock each other to separate the sleeve from the object, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth locking structure and the third locking structure to form another locking state, so that the sleeve and the stud can rotate synchronously relative to the object along the central axis.

15. The tool-free screw according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first locking structure includes at least one protrusion disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve body, and the second locking structure includes at least one locking track disposed on the inner wall of the annular groove of the object. In the first state, the protrusion moves into the locking track and abuts against the end of the locking track. In the second state, the protrusion moves away from the locking track.

16. The tool-free screw according to claim 15, characterized in that, The locking track includes three sections connected sequentially: section one, section two, and section three. Section one has an entrance to the locking track. Section two connects section one and section three. Section three has an end of the locking track. In the first state, the protrusion abuts against the end.

17. The tool-free screw according to claim 14, characterized in that, The fourth locking structure includes a switching track disposed on the cylinder body of the sleeve. The third locking structure includes an elastic element and a ball pin disposed on the stud. The ball pin movably abuts against the switching track. The elastic element abuts between the stud and the ball pin and constantly pushes the ball pin toward the cylinder body. In the first state, the elastic element pushes the ball pin and positions it at one end of the switching track to form one of the locking states. In the second state, the elastic element pushes the ball pin and positions it at the other end of the switching track to form another locking state.

18. The tool-free screw according to claim 17, characterized in that, The switching track includes positioning slot one, positioning slot two, track four, track five, and track six. Track five connects track four and track six. Positioning slot one is located at track four relative to track five, and positioning slot two is located at track six relative to track five. The ball pin is rotatably coupled to track four, track five, and track six, and forms one of the locking states when it falls into positioning slot one, or forms another locking state when it falls into positioning slot two.

19. The tool-free screw according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first locking structure includes a plurality of locking teeth disposed on the outer wall of the sleeve body, and the second locking structure includes at least one protrusion disposed on the inner wall of the annular groove of the object. In the first state, the protrusion moves into and is locked between two adjacent locking teeth, and in the second state, the protrusion moves away from the plurality of locking teeth.

20. The tool-free screw according to claim 14, characterized in that, The fourth locking structure includes a positioning groove one and a positioning groove two disposed on the body of the sleeve. The third locking structure includes a pin and an opening disposed on the stud. In the first state, the opening and the positioning groove two correspond to each other for the pin to be inserted. In the second state, the opening and the positioning groove one correspond to each other for the pin to be inserted.

21. The tool-free screw according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first locking structure includes a protrusion disposed on the sleeve; the fourth locking structure includes a switching track disposed on the sleeve; the second locking structure includes a locking track disposed on the object; and the third locking structure includes a ball pin and an elastic element, wherein the elastic element abuts between the stud and the ball pin to constantly push the ball pin against the sleeve and enable the ball pin to move along the switching track, and the movement path of the protrusion along the locking track is opposite to the movement path of the ball pin along the switching track.

22. A tool-free screw accessory, adapted to a stud, said stud having a third locking structure, characterized in that, The tool-free screw accessories include: A sleeve, movably fitted onto the stud; and The base has a stud movably inserted therethrough, and the sleeve, the base, and the stud are coaxially arranged together. The sleeve has a first locking structure and a fourth locking structure, and the base has a second locking structure. The first locking structure is used to lock or unlock the second locking structure, and the third and fourth locking structures are used to switch between different locking states. In the first state, the sleeve and the base are locked together by the first locking structure and the second locking structure, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth locking structure and the third locking structure, thus forming one of the locking states. In the second state, the first locking structure and the second locking structure unlock each other to separate the sleeve from the base, and the sleeve and the stud are locked together by the fourth locking structure and the third locking structure to form another locking state, so that the sleeve and the stud can rotate synchronously relative to the base along the central axis.

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