PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, comprising the following steps: S1, adding RuCl3 and LaCl3 into deionized water to obtain a mixed solution; S2, respectively adding a platinum precursor and a metal protective agent into deionized water to uniformly disperse, to form a platinum precursor solution and a metal protective agent solution; S3, adding the mixed solution into the platinum precursor solution, then adding the metal protective agent solution after stirring, to obtain a mixed solution; S4, adding a reducing alcohol into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH value to be alkaline by using a lye, heating and reacting, cooling and adding acid to stand, discarding supernatant to obtain a product; and S5, washing and drying the product, and finally calcining the solid to obtain the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst. By doping La in the PtRu alloy catalyst, the surface energy of the catalyst can be reduced, the electronic structure of the PtRu alloy is adjusted, and in addition, La can inhibit the growth of Pt nanoparticles, and the activity and stability of the PtRuLa catalyst are increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of catalysts, in particular to a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for low-carbon emission reduction, clean energy has become the focus of current research. Hydrogen energy has always been concerned due to its environmental protection, non-pollution, high calorific value and other advantages. PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology has the characteristics of high current density, low energy consumption, high hydrogen production pressure, fast dynamic response time, and has the basic conditions for industrialization and scaling. Therefore, PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production is a green hydrogen development technology route with excellent development prospects. In the process of PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production, the performance of the catalyst has a very important influence on the performance of water electrolysis. Currently, the main catalysts used in the cathode side of PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production are Pt black and Pt / C catalysts, and the main catalysts used in the anode side are noble metal catalysts such as Ir black and IrO2.

[0003] In PEM water electrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell catalysts, Pt-based nanocatalysts are the most widely used catalysts at present, but Pt is a very expensive metal and cannot meet the requirements of industrial scale production, so the current focus is on improving Pt utilization and reducing Pt loading. PtRu alloy catalyst is a widely studied catalyst. The price of Ru element is relatively low compared to Pt, and the resource is abundant. The use of Ru further reduces the Pt loading and reduces the cost of catalyst preparation. PtRu black, PtRu / C and other catalysts on the market have been produced in small batches of ten grams, but from the overall cost of business and the stability of the catalyst, it is necessary to try ternary PtRuM alloy catalyst. Today, although the research system of PtRu ternary alloy catalyst has been carried out, in PtRuM alloy catalyst, M is synthesized and tested for transition metals such as Fe, Co, and Ni, and rare earth elements such as La and Ce need to be further tried and explored. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome and supplement the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, improve Pt utilization, reduce Pt loading, and improve the catalytic activity and stability of the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst.

[0005] In the PtRuLa catalyst, elements such as Pt, Ru, La exist in the form of an alloy, and Pt and Ru atoms are distributed on the active sites, improving the utilization of Pt atoms and increasing the catalytic activity. Alloying can further improve the stability.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0007] A preparation method of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1. RuCl3 and LaCl3 are added to deionized water and uniformly dispersed to obtain a mixed solution;

[0009] Step S2. A platinum precursor and a metal protective agent are respectively added to deionized water and uniformly dispersed to form a uniform platinum precursor solution and a metal protective agent solution;

[0010] Step S3. The mixed solution is added to the platinum precursor solution, and after stirring, the metal protective agent solution is slowly added to the above mixed solution and dispersed to obtain a mixed solution containing a metal protective agent;

[0011] Step S4. A reducing alcohol is added to the mixed solution of step S3, and then the pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to be alkaline by an alkali solution, and a heating reaction is performed. After the reaction is completed, the solution is cooled to room temperature, acid is added and left to settle, the supernatant is discarded, and a product to be washed is obtained;

[0012] Step S5. The product of step S4 is washed and dried, and finally the dried solid is calcined under a protective atmosphere to obtain a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, wherein: the mass ratio of Pt in the catalyst is 70-80%, the total mass ratio of Ru and La is 20-30%, and the molar ratio of Ru and La is 10:1; the mass ratio of the metal protective agent to the total mass of the metal is 2 / 1-1 / 2.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, wherein: the platinum precursor in step S2 is selected from one of dinitrosoplatinum diammonium, potassium chloroplatinate, platinum tetrachloride, and chloroplatinic acid, preferably chloroplatinic acid; the metal protective agent is selected from one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium acetate, and citric acid; preferably sodium acetate.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, wherein: the reducing agent alcohol in step S4 is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol, and glycerol, preferably isopropyl alcohol.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, wherein: the pH value of the mixed solution in step S4 is adjusted to 10-11, the base is an organic base, an inorganic base, or a mixture thereof, and the base is preferably sodium hydroxide among inorganic bases.

[0017] Preferably, the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst preparation method, wherein: the heating reaction temperature in step S4 is 80-110 DEG C, and the time is 3-5h; the acid is selected from one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and preferably is hydrochloric acid.

[0018] Preferably, the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst preparation method, wherein: the calcination temperature in step S5 is 700-800 DEG C, and the calcination time is 2-4h; the protective atmosphere is selected from nitrogen or argon, and preferably is nitrogen; and the dispersion mode in step S1-step S3 is selected from one of ball milling dispersion, ultrasonic dispersion and magnetic stirring dispersion, and preferably is ultrasonic dispersion and magnetic stirring dispersion.

[0019] A PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, wherein the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is prepared according to the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst preparation method.

[0020] Preferably, the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst application, wherein: the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is applied in proton exchange membrane electrolytic water.

[0021] Advantages of the present application:

[0022] (1) The PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst preparation method of the present application can reduce the surface energy of the catalyst by doping La in the PtRu alloy catalyst, adjust the electronic structure of the PtRu alloy, and further inhibit the growth of Pt nanoparticles, and increase the activity and stability of the PtRuLa catalyst.

[0023] (2) The PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst preparation method of the present application uses deionized water as a solvent, a reducing alcohol as a reducing agent, and a metal protective agent, adjusts the mixed solution to be alkaline, and forms a ternary alloy catalyst after high-temperature calcination, without using the traditional ethylene glycol reduction system, and the metal protective agent is a water-soluble protective agent, which is easy to wash away during suction filtration and washing, thereby simplifying the process flow and time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 The process flow chart of the PtRuLa alloy catalyst of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 The XRD spectrum of the PtRuLa alloy catalyst prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 The water electrolysis performance chart of the catalyst prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step S1. Weigh 0.20g of RuCl3 and LaCl3 (the molar ratio of Ru and La is 10:1), and ultrasonically disperse them in deionized water for 30min to form a uniform mixed solution;

[0031] Step S2. Weigh 2.12g of H2PtCl6 solid and 4.64g of CH3COONa solid into deionized water, respectively, and ultrasonically disperse them for 30min to form a uniform H2PtCl6 solution and CH3COONa solution;

[0032] Step S3. Add the mixed solution in step S1 to the H2PtCl6 solution, stir for 30min, then slowly add the CH3COONa solution to the above solution, and ultrasonically disperse for 60min to form a mixed solution containing a CH3COONa protective agent;

[0033] Step S4. Add 46.4g of isopropyl alcohol to the above mixed solution and magnetically stir for 30min, adjust the pH of the mixed solution to about 10 with 0.5mol / L NaOH lye, open the cooling circulating water, then heat to 80℃ and reflux for 5h; after the reaction is completed and the temperature is cooled to room temperature, adjust the pH of the system to below 1 with 1M HCl, and stand for 12h; after the supernatant is discarded, the product to be washed is obtained;

[0034] Step S5. The product is filtered and washed with ultrapure water until the conductivity of the filtrate is ≤1uS / cm, there is no Cl ion in the solution, and the sample is dried in vacuum at 80℃ for 12h; the dried solid is placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 700℃ in nitrogen for 4h, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a black solid powder.

[0035] The PtRuLa catalyst prepared in Example 1 is sampled to determine its specific surface area, which is 70.77m 2 / g. According to the width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction peak of the prepared catalyst, the catalyst particle size can be calculated based on the Scherrer formula, which is about 2.80nm.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step S1. 0.30 g of RuCl3 and LaCl3 (Ru and La molar ratio of 10:1) were weighed and ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water for 30 min to form a uniform mixture;

[0039] Step S2. 1.85 g of H2PtCl6 solid and 4.3 g of CH3COONa solid were weighed and added to deionized water, respectively, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min to form a uniform H2PtCl6 solution and sodium acetate solution;

[0040] Step S3. The mixture in step S1 was added to the H2PtCl6 solution, stirred for 30 min, and then the CH3COONa solution was slowly added to the above solution, and ultrasonically dispersed for 60 min to form a mixed solution containing a CH3COONa protective agent;

[0041] Step S4. 43 g of isopropyl alcohol was added to the above mixed solution and magnetically stirred for 30 min, and the pH of the mixture was adjusted to about 10 with 0.5 mol / L NaOH lye, and then cooled circulating water was opened and heated to 80℃ reflux for 5 h; after the reaction was completed and cooled to room temperature, 1M HCl was added to adjust the pH of the system to below 1, and then stood for 12 h, and then the supernatant was discarded to obtain the product to be washed;

[0042] Step S5. The product was filtered and washed with ultrapure water until the conductivity of the filtrate was ≤1 uS / cm, and there was no Cl ion in the solution, and the sample was dried at 80℃ under vacuum for 12 h; the dried solid was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 700℃ under nitrogen for 4 h, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a black solid powder.

[0043] The PtRuLa catalyst prepared in Example 2 was sampled to determine its specific surface area of 66.64 m 2 / g, and according to the width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction peak of the prepared catalyst, the catalyst particle size was about 3.1 nm, which was calculated based on the Scherrer formula.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step S1. 0.30 g of RuCl3 and LaCl3 (Ru and La molar ratio of 10:1) were weighed and ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water for 30 min to form a uniform mixture;

[0047] Step S2. 2.12 g of H2PtCl6 solid and 2.12 g of CH3COONa solid were weighed into deionized water respectively, and ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min to form a uniform H2PtCl6 solution and a CH3COONa solution;

[0048] Step S3. The mixed solution in step S1 was added to the H2PtCl6 solution, and after stirring for 30 min, the CH3COONa solution was slowly added to the above solution, and ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 60 min to form a mixed solution containing a CH3COONa protective agent;

[0049] Step S4. 46.4 g of isopropyl alcohol was added to the above mixed solution and magnetically stirred for 30 min, and the pH value of the mixed solution was adjusted to about 11 with 0.5 mol / L NaOH lye, and then the cooling circulating water was opened and heated to 90°C to reflux for 4 h; after the reaction was completed and cooled to room temperature, 1M HCl was added to adjust the pH of the system to below 1, and then the system was statically placed for 12 h; after the supernatant was discarded, the product to be washed was obtained;

[0050] Step S5. The product was filtered and washed with ultrapure water until the conductivity of the filtrate was ≤1 uS / cm, and there was no Cl ion in the solution, and the sample was vacuum dried at 80°C for 12 h, and the dried solid was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 750°C under nitrogen for 3 h, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain a black solid powder.

[0051] The PtRuLa catalyst prepared in Example 3 was sampled to determine its specific surface area, which was 59.31 m 2 / g. According to the width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction peak of the prepared catalyst, the catalyst particle size was about 3.3 nm, which was calculated based on the Scherrer formula.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, which comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step S1. 0.40 g of RuCl3 and LaCl3 (the molar ratio of Ru and La is 10:1) were weighed and ultrasonic dispersed in deionized water for 30 min to form a uniform mixed solution;

[0055] Step S2. 4.24 g of H2PtCl6 solid and 4.64 g of CH3COONa solid were weighed into deionized water respectively, and ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 min to form a uniform H2PtCl6 solution and a CH3COONa solution;

[0056] Step S3. The mixed solution in step S1 is added to the H2PtCl6 solution, and after stirring for 30 min, CH3COONa solution is slowly added to the above solution, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 60 min to form a mixed solution containing CH3COONa protective agent;

[0057] Step S4. 139.2 g of isopropyl alcohol is added to the above mixed solution, and magnetic stirring is performed for 30 min. The pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to about 10 by using 0.5 mol / L NaOH lye, cooling circulating water is opened, and then heating is performed to 110°C to reflux for 3 h. After the reaction is completed and cooling to room temperature, 1M HCl is added to adjust the pH value of the system to below 1, and standing is performed overnight. After the supernatant is discarded, the product to be washed is obtained;

[0058] Step S5. The product is subjected to suction filtration and washing with ultrapure water until the conductivity of the filtrate is ≤1 uS / cm, and there is no Cl ion in the solution. The sample is vacuum dried at 80°C for 12 h, the dried solid is placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 750°C for 3 h in nitrogen, and after the heat preservation is completed, the temperature is cooled to room temperature to obtain a black solid powder.

[0059] The PtRuLa catalyst prepared in Example 4 is sampled to determine that the specific surface area is 57.82 m 2 / g. According to the width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction peak of the prepared catalyst, the catalyst particle size is about 4.6 nm, which can be calculated based on the Scherrer formula.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] The embodiment provides a preparation method of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0062] Step S1. 0.20 g of RuCl3 and LaCl3 (the molar ratio of Ru and La is 10:1) are weighed and ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water for 30 min to form a uniform mixed solution;

[0063] Step S2. 2.12 g of H2PtCl6 solid and 1.18 g of CH3COONa solid are weighed and added to deionized water, respectively, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 30 min to form a uniform H2PtCl6 solution and CH3COONa solution;

[0064] Step S3. The mixed solution in step S1 is added to the H2PtCl6 solution, and after stirring for 30 min, CH3COONa solution is slowly added to the above solution, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 60 min to form a mixed solution containing CH3COONa protective agent;

[0065] Step S4. To the mixed solution, 58.0 g of isopropyl alcohol was added and magnetically stirred for 30 min. The pH value of the mixed solution was adjusted to about 10 by using NaOH lye with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L. The cooling circulating water was turned on and then heated to 80°C to reflux for 5 h. After the reaction was completed and the temperature was cooled to room temperature, 1M HCl was added to adjust the pH value of the system to below 1. After standing overnight, the supernatant was discarded to obtain the product to be washed;

[0066] Step S5. The product was filtered and washed with ultrapure water until the conductivity of the filtrate was ≤1 uS / cm and there was no Cl ion in the solution. The sample was dried at 80°C under vacuum for 12 h. The dried solid was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 800°C under nitrogen for 2 h. After the temperature was cooled to room temperature, a black solid powder was obtained.

[0067] The PtRuLa catalyst prepared in Example 5 was sampled to determine the specific surface area, which was 48.73 m2 / g. According to the width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction peak of the prepared catalyst, the particle size of the catalyst was calculated based on the Scherrer formula to be about 5.5 nm.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] Compared with Example 1, the PtRuLa catalyst was directly prepared without introducing a metal protective agent, sodium acetate solution, in the reaction system. The specific steps are as follows:

[0070] Step S1. 0.20 g of RuCl3 and LaCl3 (the molar ratio of Ru to La was 10:1) were weighed and ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water for 30 min to form a uniform mixed solution;

[0071] Step S2. 2.12 g of H2PtCl6 solid was weighed and ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water for 30 min to form a uniform H2PtCl6 solution;

[0072] Step S3. The mixed solution in step S1 was added to the H2PtCl6 solution, and stirred for 30 min to form a uniform mixed solution;

[0073] Step S4. To the mixed solution, 46.4 g of isopropyl alcohol was added and magnetically stirred for 30 min. The pH value of the mixed solution was adjusted to about 10 by using NaOH lye with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L. The cooling circulating water was turned on and then heated to 80°C to reflux for 5 h. After the reaction was completed and the temperature was cooled to room temperature, 1M HCl was added to adjust the pH value of the system to below 1. After standing overnight, the supernatant was discarded to obtain the product to be washed;

[0074] Step S5. The product was filtered and washed with ultrapure water until the conductivity of the filtrate was ≤1 uS / cm, and there were no Cl ions in the solution. The sample was dried at 80°C under vacuum for 12 h. The dried solid was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 700°C under nitrogen for 4 h. After the heat preservation ended, the sample was cooled to room temperature to obtain a black solid powder.

[0075] The PtRuLa catalyst prepared in Comparative Example 1 was sampled to determine its specific surface area, which was 22.87 m 2 Based on the width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction peak of the prepared catalyst, the catalyst particle size was calculated to be about 15.8 nm based on the Scherrer formula.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] In comparison with Example 1, no rare earth element La was introduced into the reaction system, and a PtRu catalyst was directly prepared. The specific steps are as follows:

[0078] Step S1. 0.20 g of RuCl3 was weighed and ultrasonically dispersed in deionized water for 30 min to form a uniform mixture;

[0079] Step S2. 2.12 g of H2PtCl6 solid and 4.64 g of CH3COONa solid were weighed and added to deionized water, and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 min to form a uniform H2PtCl6 solution and CH3COONa solution;

[0080] Step S3. The mixture in step S1 was added to the H2PtCl6 solution, stirred for 30 min, and then the CH3COONa solution was slowly added to the above solution, and ultrasonically dispersed for 60 min to form a uniform mixed solution;

[0081] Step S4. 46.4 g of isopropyl alcohol was added to the above mixed solution and magnetically stirred for 30 min. The pH value of the mixed solution was adjusted to about 10 with 0.5 mol / L NaOH lye. The cooling circulating water was turned on, and then heated to 80°C to reflux for 5 h. After the reaction was completed and the system was cooled to room temperature, 1M HCl was added to adjust the pH of the system to below 1. After standing overnight, the supernatant was discarded to obtain the product to be washed;

[0082] Step S5. The product was filtered and washed with ultrapure water until the conductivity of the filtrate was ≤1 uS / cm, and there were no Cl ions in the solution. The sample was dried at 80°C under vacuum for 12 h. The dried solid was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 700°C under nitrogen for 4 h. After the heat preservation ended, the sample was cooled to room temperature to obtain a black solid powder.

[0083] The PtRuLa catalyst prepared in Comparative Example 2 was sampled to determine its specific surface area, which was 55.75 m 2 / g, according to the width of the diffraction peak in the X-ray diffraction peak in the prepared catalyst, the catalyst particle size of about 4.2 nm can be calculated based on the Scherrer formula.

[0084] The surface area and XRD average particle size of each example and comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Table 1

[0086]

[0087] From the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the catalyst in Example 1 has a higher specific surface area and smaller particle size, increasing the number of catalyst active sites, while accelerating the gas-liquid transmission and reducing the water electrolysis voltage; without introducing a metal protective agent, the specific surface area of the catalyst in Comparative Example 1 is small, the particle size increases and the performance in water electrolysis test is also poor.

[0088] Example 6 membrane electrode (MEA) preparation

[0089] Cathode ink configuration, weigh 200 mg of the catalyst prepared in Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-2, mix with 10 mL of deionized water, 85 mL of ethanol, and 5 mL of 5% Nafion solution (D520), and ultrasonic for 60 min to obtain the cathode ink;

[0090] Anode ink configuration, using iridium oxide product, configure a uniform and stable anode ink according to the above slurry preparation process steps;

[0091] MEA preparation (using CCM method), use an ultrasonic spray instrument to spray the above-mentioned cathode and anode inks to both sides of the proton exchange membrane, the area of the catalyst layer is 20 cm 2 , the Pt loading of the cathode is controlled to be 1 mg / cm 2 , and the IrO2 loading of the anode is controlled to be 2 mg / cm 2 .

[0092] MEA water electrolysis test is as follows:

[0093] Single PEM electrolytic cell assembly, stainless steel felt is used for the cathode porous diffusion layer, platinum-coated porous titanium felt is used for the anode diffusion layer, and purified ultrapure water is taken from the water tank. The flow rate of ultrapure water during the test is 300 mL / min, and the water temperature is controlled at 40°C; the membrane electrode test is carried out in a constant current charging mode.

[0094] Membrane electrode performance test is as follows: Figure 3The prepared catalysts of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were evaluated by charging three electrolytic cells with a constant current of 20 A for 7 hours. The voltage curve of Example 1 tended to be stable after 1 hour of operation, and the voltage fluctuated in the range of 1.64-1.68 V within 1-7 hours, and the average voltage was 1.66 V at 1 A / cm 2 In Comparative Example 1, the voltage tended to increase with time, and the voltage was 2.18 V at 1 A / cm 2 after 7 hours; in Comparative Example 2, the voltage tended to decrease with time, but the voltage was 2.02 V at 1 A / cm 2 after 7 hours, and the voltage changed all the time within 7 hours; from the above analysis, it can be concluded that the catalyst in Example 1 has the best water electrolysis performance, because of the large specific surface area and small particle size, which can provide sufficient number of active sites and accelerate gas-liquid transmission, thereby improving the water electrolysis performance and increasing the mechanical stability.

[0095] The preparation method of the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst of the application can reduce the surface energy of the catalyst by doping La to the existing PtRu alloy catalyst, and adjust the electronic structure of the PtRu alloy. In addition, La can inhibit the growth of Pt nanoparticles, and increase the activity and stability of the PtRuLa catalyst.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the application and not to limit it. Although the application has been described in detail with reference to the examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the application, and they should be covered in the scope of the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: S1. adding RuCl3 and LaCl3 into deionized water and uniformly dispersing to obtain a mixed solution; S2. adding a platinum precursor and a metal protective agent into deionized water respectively and uniformly dispersing to form a uniform platinum precursor solution and a metal protective agent solution; S3. adding the mixed solution into the platinum precursor solution, stirring, then slowly adding the metal protective agent solution and dispersing to obtain a mixed solution containing the metal protective agent; S4. adding a reducing alcohol into the mixed solution of S3, then adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to be alkaline by an alkali, and performing a heating reaction, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is completed, adding an acid and standing and settling, discarding a supernatant to obtain a product to be washed; S5. washing and drying the product of S4, and finally calcining the dried solid in a protective atmosphere to obtain a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst; In terms of mass percentage, the mass ratio of Pt in the catalyst is 70-80%, the total mass ratio of Ru and La is 20%-30%, and the molar ratio of Ru and La is 10:1; In S4, the pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to 10-11; and in S5, the calcination temperature is 700-800 DEG C.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is prepared by: In terms of mass percentage, the mass ratio of the metal protective agent and the metal substance is 2 / 1-1 / 2.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is prepared by: In S2, the platinum precursor is selected from one of dinitrosoplatinum diammonium, potassium chloroplatinate, platinum tetrachloride and chloroplatinic acid; and the metal protective agent is selected from one of polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium acetate and citric acid.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is prepared by: In S4, the reducing agent alcohol is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol and glycerol.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is prepared by: In S4, the alkali is an organic alkali, an inorganic alkali or a mixture thereof.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is prepared by: In S4, the heating reaction is performed at a temperature of 80-110 DEG C for 3-5 hours; and the acid is selected from one or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is prepared by: In S5, the calcination is performed for 2-4 hours; and the protective atmosphere is selected from nitrogen or argon.

8. A PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst characterized in that, The PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is applied in proton exchange membrane electrolysis water.

9. Use of a PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst according to claim 8, characterized in that: The PtRuLa ternary alloy catalyst is applied in proton exchange membrane electrolysis water.

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