Tap changer manual operating mechanism and its self-locking device

Abstract

The application discloses a tap switch manual operating mechanism and a self-locking device thereof. The self-locking device comprises a locking mechanism and a locking disc. The locking mechanism comprises a locking body, a locking needle, a locking button and a shifting piece. The locking needle and the locking button are arranged in the locking body. The upper end of the locking needle extends out of the locking body. The locking button is provided with a through hole for the locking needle to pass through, and the size of the through hole is larger than that of the locking needle. The locking needle is provided with a limiting clamping groove matched with the locking button. The locking disc is fixed on a manual operating shaft. The shifting piece is in transmission connection with the manual operating shaft. The locking disc is provided with a locking hole matched with the locking needle. In the unlocking state, the locking button is matched with the limiting clamping groove to form a limiting, and the needle head of the locking needle is located in the locking body. When the gear is normally positioned, the shifting piece extrudes the locking button, the locking needle falls down, the needle head of the locking needle is inserted into the locking hole on the locking disc, and the manual operating shaft is locked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tap changer technology, and more specifically to a manual tap changer operating mechanism and its self-locking device. Background Technology

[0002] A transformer tap changer is a device used to adjust the voltage of a power transformer coil. It is divided into off-load tap changers and on-load tap changers. Off-load tap changers are suitable for oil-immersed transformers. Under off-load conditions (i.e., no energization), the tap position of the switch changes the transformer winding taps, thereby adjusting the transformer's output voltage.

[0003] High-voltage and ultra-high-voltage high-capacity tap changers without excitation can be operated by either electric or manual mechanisms to achieve tap switching. Electric mechanisms offer a high degree of automation, but if an electric mechanism performs an "over-level" operation, it can lead to an imbalance between the active and reactive power outputs of the power grid. Therefore, in practical applications, due to the infrequent operation and for safety and economic reasons, manual operation is generally preferred over electric mechanisms. However, manual operation is less accurate and efficient than electric mechanisms, and can result in over-shifting or under-shifting. Therefore, a shift-in-place locking mechanism is needed to address both under-shifting and accidental operation. However, current shift-in-place locking mechanisms on the domestic and international markets suffer from drawbacks such as complex structure, inconvenient operation, and short service life. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a manual tap changer operating mechanism to overcome the problems of complex structure, inconvenient operation, and short service life of existing manual operating mechanisms with gear shift locking mechanisms. The self-locking device in this application's manual tap changer operating mechanism uses a locking disc on the manual operating shaft and a locking mechanism that cooperates with the locking disc. When the gear is properly engaged, the locking mechanism and the locking disc cooperate to form a limit, locking the manual operating shaft. This unique mechanical principle makes operation very simple and easy to implement; moreover, the self-locking device has a compact structure, few parts, facilitates later maintenance, and has a long service life. Correspondingly, this application also provides a self-locking device for a manual tap changer operating mechanism.

[0005] For manually operated mechanisms, the technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0006] The manual operating mechanism of the tap changer includes a manual operating shaft for adjusting the gear position; the manual operating shaft is mounted on a base and is drivenly connected to an output shaft; the base is also provided with a self-locking device for directly locking the manual operating shaft; the self-locking device includes a locking mechanism and a locking disc; the locking mechanism includes a locking component and a paddle; the locking component includes a locking body, a locking pin, and a locking button; the locking body is open at both ends, and the locking pin and the locking button are located inside the locking body; the upper end of the locking pin extends out of the locking body; the locking button has a through hole for the locking pin to pass through, and the size of the through hole is larger than the size of the locking pin; the locking pin has a limiting groove that cooperates with the locking button; the locking disc is fixed on the manual operating shaft; the paddle is drivenly connected to the manual operating shaft; the locking disc has a locking hole that cooperates with the locking pin; in the unlocked state, the locking button cooperates with the limiting groove to form a limit, and the tip of the locking pin is located inside the locking body; when the gear position is normally in place, the paddle presses the locking button, the locking pin falls down, and its tip inserts into the locking hole on the locking disc, locking the manual operating shaft.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer in this application is equipped with a self-locking device with a specific structure. The self-locking device includes a locking mechanism and a locking disc fixed on the manual operating shaft. The two cooperate with each other. When the gear is in the correct position (the manual operating shaft rotates to the specified number of turns), the locking pin in the locking mechanism will insert into the locking hole on the locking disc to form a limit and lock the manual operating shaft. The unique mechanical principle makes the operation very simple and easy to implement. Moreover, the self-locking device has a compact structure, few parts, is easy to maintain, and has a long service life.

[0008] As an optimization, in the aforementioned manual tap changer operating mechanism, a locking spring is fitted onto the locking pin; one end of the locking spring is fixed to the pressure plate on the top of the locking body, and the other end is fixed to the annular protrusion on the outer circumference of the locking pin. Thus, when the locking mechanism is in the unlocked state, the locking button engages with the limiting slot to form a limit, and the locking spring is compressed; when the locking button is pressed, the locking button disengages from the limiting slot, and the locking pin is ejected by the elastic force of the locking spring and inserted into the locking disc. Compared to the locking pin falling freely under gravity, this avoids the situation where it gets stuck midway and requires manual adjustment, ensuring smooth locking operation.

[0009] As an optimization, in the aforementioned manual tap changer operating mechanism, the locking body has a mounting hole; the locking button is located inside the mounting hole, and the locking button is connected to the inner wall of the locking body via a return spring. Therefore, in the locked state, when the locking button is pressed, the return spring is compressed; in the unlocked state, the locking button is ejected under the spring force, facilitating its engagement into the limiting slot. At this time, there is no need for manual operation to pull the locking button out, making operation more convenient.

[0010] As an improvement, in the aforementioned manual tap changer operating mechanism, the upper end of the locking pin is provided with an unlocking pull ring. Therefore, when unlocking the locking mechanism, a finger can be inserted into the unlocking pull ring to pull the locking pin upwards, making the operation very effortless.

[0011] As an optimization, in the aforementioned manual operating mechanism of the tap changer, a pre-locking disc is provided above the locking disc; the pre-locking disc is fixed on the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is drively connected to the manual operating shaft; the pre-locking disc has a locking hole that mates with the locking pin. At this time, the paddle, locking body, and manual operating shaft form a special positional distribution; when the manual operating shaft rotates to a predetermined half-turn, the paddle rotates to the locking button position and presses the locking button, causing the locking pin to fall. The tip of the locking pin lands on the surface of the pre-locking disc. Continuing to rotate the manual operating shaft to complete the remaining half-turn operation, the locking holes on the pre-locking disc and the locking disc are concentric and coaxial in the vertical direction. The locking pin inserts into the holes on the pre-locking disc and the locking disc, locking the manual operating shaft, thereby achieving the locked state of shifting into position. Furthermore, the tip of the locking pin is spherical. Therefore, when the tip of the locking pin contacts the surface of the pre-locking disc, the contact area is very small, the friction is negligible, and it will not affect the rotation of the pre-locking disc.

[0012] As an optimization, in the aforementioned manual tap changer operating mechanism, the base includes an upper base plate and a lower base plate arranged in parallel; the locking body is fixed to the upper base plate; the lever is disposed on a fixed shaft, and the fixed shaft is fixed to the upper base plate; the rotating shaft is disposed between the upper base plate and the lower base plate. In this configuration, the overall structure is rationally designed and easy to assemble.

[0013] As an optimization, the aforementioned manual tap changer operating mechanism has an arc-shaped notch on the inner wall of the through hole. Therefore, when the locking button engages with the limiting slot, the arc-shaped notch matches the outer wall of the locking pin, resulting in a good limiting effect.

[0014] As an improvement, in the aforementioned manual tap changer operating mechanism, the locking body and the pressure plate are fixed together by screws. This makes disassembly and assembly convenient and ensures a strong and secure connection.

[0015] Regarding the self-locking device, the technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0016] The self-locking device of the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer includes a locking mechanism and a locking disc; the locking mechanism includes a locking component and a paddle; the locking component includes a locking body, a locking pin, and a locking button; the locking body has openings at both ends, and the locking pin and the locking button are located inside the locking body; the upper end of the locking pin extends out of the locking body; the locking button has a through hole for the locking pin to pass through, and the size of the through hole is larger than the size of the locking pin; the locking pin has a limiting groove that mates with the locking button; the locking disc is fixed to the manual operating shaft; the paddle is drively connected to the manual operating shaft; the locking disc has a locking hole that mates with the locking pin; in the unlocked state, the locking button mates with the limiting groove to form a limit, and the tip of the locking pin is located inside the locking body; when the gear is in the normal position, the paddle presses the locking button, the locking pin falls down, and its tip inserts into the locking hole on the locking disc, locking the manual operating shaft.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the self-locking device of the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer in this application includes a locking mechanism and a locking disc fixed on the manual operating shaft. The locking mechanism includes a locking pin, a locking button, and a paddle. The locking pin is slidably disposed in the locking body, enabling simple and efficient up-and-down linear movement. The paddle is drivenly connected to the manual operating shaft and can rotate synchronously with the manual operating shaft. When the gear is in the correct position (the manual operating shaft rotates to the specified number of revolutions), the paddle presses the locking button, causing the locking button to disengage from the limit slot. The locking pin falls and inserts into the locking hole of the locking disc, forming a limit and locking the manual operating shaft. To unlock, simply pull up the locking pin to disengage it from the locking disc. The operation is very simple and easy to implement. Moreover, the entire self-locking device has a compact structure, few parts, is easy to maintain, and has a long service life.

[0018] As an optimization, in the aforementioned self-locking device of the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer, a pre-locking disc is provided above the locking disc; the pre-locking disc is fixed on the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is drively connected to the manual operating shaft; the pre-locking disc is provided with a locking hole that cooperates with the locking pin. When the gear is in the normal position, the lever presses the locking button, the locking pin is inserted into the locking hole on the pre-locking disc and the locking disc, and the manual operating shaft is locked. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer in this application;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the front structure of the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer after removing the housing;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rear structure of the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer after removing the housing;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an assembly diagram of the manual control axis, locking mechanism, locking disc, output axis, large pointer axis, and small pointer axis in this application;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a state diagram of the manually operated axis in this application when it is locked;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the paddle in this application;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component in this application;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the locking component in this application when it is locked;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the locking component in this application when it is unlocked;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the locking button in this application;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the locking pin in this application.

[0030] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Manual operation shaft; 2-Base; 21-Upper base plate; 22-Lower base plate; 3-Output shaft; 4-Locking mechanism; 41-Locking body; 411-Mounting hole; 42-Locking pin; 421-Limiting slot; 422-Annular boss; 43-Locking button; 431-Through hole; 432-Arc-shaped notch; 44-Pulley; 441-Leg; 45-Locking spring; 46-Pressure plate; 47-Reset spring; 48-Unlocking pull ring; 5-Locking disc; 6-Pre-lock disc; 7-Locking gear; 8-Fixed shaft; 9-Rotating shaft; 10-Housing; 11-Small pointer shaft; 12-Large pointer shaft; 13-Helical gear A; 14-Helical gear B; 15-Small gear; 16-Large gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0032] Example (see) Figures 1 to 11 ):

[0033] The manual operating mechanism of the tap changer includes a housing 10, and a manual operating shaft 1, an output shaft 3, a small pointer shaft 11, and a large pointer shaft 12 (a large pointer is mounted on the large pointer shaft 12, and a small pointer is mounted on the small pointer shaft 11) disposed within the housing 10. The manual operating shaft 1 is used to adjust the gear position and is mounted on a base 2. A worm gear is provided on the manual operating shaft 1, and a worm wheel is provided on the output shaft 3. The worm gear and worm wheel mesh with each other to realize the transmission between the manual operating shaft 1 and the output shaft 3. A helical gear A 13 is provided on the output shaft 3, and a helical gear B 14 and a small gear 15 are provided on the small pointer shaft 11. The large pointer shaft 12 is provided with a large gear 16; the large gear 16 meshes with a small gear 15, and helical gear A 13 and helical gear B 14 mesh; the base 2 is also provided with a self-locking device for directly locking the manual operating shaft 1; the self-locking device includes a locking mechanism 4 and a locking disc 5; the locking mechanism 4 includes a locking assembly and a paddle 44; the locking assembly includes a locking body 41, a locking pin 42 and a locking button 43; the locking body 41 is open at both ends, and the locking pin 42 and the locking button 43 are located inside the locking body 41; the upper end of the locking pin 42 extends out of the locking body 41; the locking button 43 is provided with A through hole 431 is provided for the locking pin 42 to pass through, and the size of the through hole 431 is larger than the radial dimension of the locking pin 42; the locking pin 42 is provided with a limiting groove 421 that cooperates with the locking button 43; a locking spring 45 is sleeved on the locking pin 42; one end of the locking spring 45 is fixed to the pressure plate 46 on the top of the locking body 41, and the other end is fixed to the annular boss 422 on the outer peripheral surface of the locking pin 42; a mounting hole 411 is provided on the locking body 41; the locking button 43 is located in the mounting hole 411, and the locking button 43 is connected to the inner wall of the locking body 41 through a return spring 47; The locking disc 5 is fixed to the manual operating shaft 1; the locking disc 5 has a locking hole that mates with the locking pin 42; the paddle 44 has a lug 441; a pre-locking disc 6 is provided above the locking disc 5, and the pre-locking disc 6 is fixed to the rotating shaft 9; the rotating shaft 9 is connected to the small pointer shaft 11 via a reduction gear structure (including gear A on the rotating shaft 9 and gear B on the small pointer shaft 11); the pre-locking disc 5 has a locking hole that mates with the locking pin 42; the paddle 44 is fixed to the locking gear 7; the locking gear 7 is connected to the small gear 15 via a transition gear.

[0034] When shifting gears using the manual operating mechanism of the tap changer of this application, the manual operating shaft 1 is rotated to drive the output shaft 3 to rotate; after the output shaft 3 rotates, it will drive the large pointer shaft 12 and the small pointer shaft 11 to rotate through the transmission of each gear, thereby driving the large pointer and the small pointer to rotate, realizing the gear shifting operation. In this application, the manual operating shaft 1 rotates 12 times to realize one gear shifting operation.

[0035] When the gear is in the correct position, the lug 441 on the paddle 44 presses the locking button 43, and the locking pin 42 is inserted into the locking hole on the pre-locking disc 6 and the locking disc 5. At this time, the gear is in the correct setting position, and the manual operating shaft 1 is locked. This also prevents the output shaft 3, which is connected to the manual operating shaft 1, from rotating. This avoids damage to the tap changer caused by over-shifting or other misoperations during gear shifting, and improves the service life of the tap changer.

[0036] In this embodiment, the upper end of the locking pin 42 is provided with an unlocking pull ring 48. Therefore, when unlocking the locking mechanism 4, a finger can be inserted into the unlocking pull ring 48 to pull the locking pin 42 upward, making the operation very effortless.

[0037] In this embodiment, the tip of the locking pin 42 is spherical. Therefore, when the tip of the locking pin 42 contacts the surface of the pre-locking disc 6, the contact area is very small, the friction is negligible, and it will not affect the rotation of the pre-locking disc 6.

[0038] In this embodiment, an arc-shaped notch 432 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 431. Therefore, when the locking button 43 engages with the limiting slot 421, the arc-shaped notch 432 matches the outer wall of the locking pin 42, resulting in a good limiting effect. The locking pin 42 is generally cylindrical.

[0039] In this embodiment, the base 2 includes an upper base plate 21 and a lower base plate 22 arranged in parallel; the locking body 41 is fixed to the upper base plate 21; the locking gear 7 is rotatably mounted on a fixed shaft 8, which is fixed to the upper base plate 21; and the rotating shaft 9 is located between the upper base plate 21 and the lower base plate 22 (both ends of the rotating shaft 9 are rotatably connected to the upper base plate 21 and the lower base plate 22, respectively). Thus, the overall structure is rationally designed and easy to assemble.

[0040] In this embodiment, the paddle 44 and the locking gear 7 are connected and fixed by screws; the locking body 41 and the pressure plate 46 are connected and fixed by screws. This makes assembly and disassembly convenient, and the connection is highly secure.

[0041] Working principle:

[0042] In the unlocked state, the locking button 43 engages with the limiting slot 421 to form a limit, the tip of the locking pin 42 is located inside the locking body 41, and the locking spring 45 is compressed.

[0043] The manual control shaft 1 is rotated to begin the gear shifting operation. When the manual control shaft 1 is rotated to half of the specified number of rotations, the paddle 44 rotates to the locking button 43 position and presses the locking button 43. The return spring 47 is compressed, and the locking button 43 disengages from the limit slot 421. At this time, the locking pin 42 will be ejected under the action of the locking spring 45, and the tip of the locking pin 42 will fall on the upper surface of the pre-locking disc 6 (at this time, the locking hole on the pre-locking disc 6 and the locking hole on the locking disc 5 are not aligned). The manual control shaft 1 is rotated to complete the remaining half of the operation. At this time, the locking hole on the pre-locking disc 6, the locking hole on the locking disc 5, and the locking pin 42 are concentric and coaxial in the vertical direction. Under the action of the spring force of the locking spring 45, the locking pin 42 is inserted into the locking hole on the pre-locking disc 6 and the locking disc 5, locking the manual control shaft 1, thereby realizing the locked state of the gear shift.

[0044] When a gear shift is required, pull up the unlocking ring 48. When the locking pin 42 is raised to the position of the limit slot 421, the locking button 43 is popped out by the elastic force of the reset spring 47 and locked into the limit slot 421. At this time, the manual operating shaft 1 can be unlocked.

[0045] The foregoing general description of the invention and its specific embodiments should not be construed as a limitation on the technical solution of the invention. Those skilled in the art, based on the disclosure of this application, can add, reduce, or combine the disclosed technical features in the foregoing general description and / or specific embodiments (including examples) without departing from the constituent elements of the invention, to form other technical solutions within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A manual operating mechanism of a tap changer, comprising a manual operating shaft (1) for regulating the tap; said manual operating shaft (1) is mounted on a base (2) and is in driving connection with an output shaft (3); characterized in that: The base (2) is further provided with a self-locking device for directly locking the manual operating shaft (1); the self-locking device comprises a locking mechanism (4) and a locking disc (5); the locking mechanism (4) comprises a locking assembly and a push piece (44); the locking assembly comprises a locking body (41), a locking needle (42) and a locking button (43); the locking body (41) is open at both ends, and the locking needle (42) and the locking button (43) are arranged in the locking body (41); the upper end of the locking needle (42) extends out of the locking body (41); the locking button (43) is provided with a through hole (431) for the locking needle (42) to pass through, and the size of the through hole (431) is greater than that of the locking needle (42); the locking needle (42) is provided with a limiting clamping groove (421) matched with the locking button (43); the locking disc (5) is fixed on the manual operating shaft (1); the push piece (44) is in transmission connection with the manual operating shaft (1); the locking disc (5) is provided with a locking hole matched with the locking needle (42); in the unlocked state, the locking button (43) is matched with the limiting clamping groove (421) to form a limiting, and the needle head of the locking needle (42) is located in the locking body (41); when the gear is normally positioned, the push piece (44) presses the locking button (43), the locking needle (42) falls down, the needle head of the locking needle (42) is inserted into the locking hole on the locking disc (5), and the manual operating shaft (1) is locked.

2. The tap changer manual handling mechanism of claim 1, wherein: A locking spring (45) is sleeved on the locking needle (42); one end of the locking spring (45) is fixed on a pressing plate (46) at the top of the locking body (41), and the other end is fixed on an annular boss (422) on the outer peripheral surface of the locking needle (42).

3. The tap changer manual handling mechanism of claim 2, wherein: An installation hole (411) is formed in the locking body (41); the locking button (43) is located in the installation hole (411), and the locking button (43) is connected with the inner wall of the locking body (41) through a return spring (47).

4. The tap changer manual handling mechanism of claim 2, wherein: The upper end of the locking needle (42) is provided with an unlocking pull ring (48).

5. The tap changer manual handling mechanism of claim 1, wherein: A pre-locking disc (6) is arranged above the locking disc (5); the pre-locking disc (6) is fixed on a rotating shaft (9); the rotating shaft (9) is in transmission connection with the manual operating shaft (1); the pre-locking disc (6) is provided with a locking hole matched with the locking needle (42).

6. The tap changer manual handling mechanism of claim 5, wherein: The needle head of the locking needle (42) is spherical.

7. The tap changer manual handling mechanism of claim 6, wherein: The base (2) comprises upper and lower bottom plates (21) and (22) arranged in parallel; the locking body (41) is fixed on the upper bottom plate (21); the push piece (44) is arranged on a fixed shaft (8) fixed on the upper bottom plate (21); the rotating shaft (9) is arranged between the upper and lower bottom plates (21) and (22).

8. The tap changer manual handling mechanism of claim 1, wherein: An arc-shaped notch (432) is arranged on the inner wall of the through hole (431).

9. A self-locking device for a manual operating mechanism of a tap changer, characterized in that: The application relates to a lock mechanism for a hand-operated control shaft, which comprises a locking mechanism (4) and a locking disc (5); the locking mechanism (4) comprises a locking assembly and a pusher (44); the locking assembly comprises a locking body (41), a locking needle (42) and a locking button (43); the locking body (41) is open at both ends, and the locking needle (42) and the locking button (43) are arranged in the locking body (41); the upper end of the locking needle (42) extends out of the locking body (41); the locking button (43) is provided with a through hole (431) for the locking needle (42) to pass through, and the size of the through hole (431) is larger than that of the locking needle (42); the locking needle (42) is provided with a limiting clamping groove (421) matched with the locking button (43); the locking disc (5) is fixed on the hand-operated control shaft (1); the pusher (44) is in transmission connection with the hand-operated control shaft (1); the locking disc (5) is provided with a locking hole matched with the locking needle (42); in the unlocking state, the locking button (43) is matched with the limiting clamping groove (421) to form limiting, and the needle head of the locking needle (42) is located in the locking body (41); when the gear is normally positioned, the pusher (44) extrudes the locking button (43), the locking needle (42) falls down, the needle head of the locking needle (42) is inserted into the locking hole on the locking disc (5), and the hand-operated control shaft (1) is locked.

10. A tap changer manual operating mechanism self-locking device according to claim 9, characterised in that: The upper portion of the locking disc (5) is provided with a pre-locking disc (6); the pre-locking disc (6) is fixed on a rotating shaft (9); the rotating shaft (9) is in transmission connection with the hand-operated control shaft (1); and the pre-locking disc (6) is provided with a locking hole matched with the locking needle (42).

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