A terraced shrimp farming method and structure based on pond transformation

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of aquaculture technology, and more particularly to a terraced shrimp farming method and structure based on pond transformation, comprising a long strip pond, wherein a deep strip ditch is arranged in the center of the pond from the water inlet to the drain outlet, a shrimp collecting pit is arranged at the drain outlet of the pond and is connected to the strip ditch, a plurality of rows of terraced shrimp nests that can be overlapped and disassembled are arranged along the long side of the pond, water plants are arranged between two rows of the terraced shrimp nests, an aeration pipeline is arranged between the terraced shrimp nests and the water plants, and the aeration pipeline is laid at the bottom of the pond and leads to the terraced shrimp nests and the water plants. The terraced shrimp farming method and structure based on pond transformation can facilitate the movable disassembly of the terraced shrimp nests, and can be adjusted according to the water depth, so that the upper two layers of the terraced shrimp nests are placed flush with the lower two layers to provide sufficient activity and habitat space for the shrimp, avoid fighting between the shrimp and waste of pond space, improve the utilization rate of the pond space, and thus increase the shrimp yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a terraced shrimp farming method and structure based on pond transformation. Background Art

[0002] Freshwater shrimps are highly adaptable, widely distributed, have omnivorous diets, short breeding cycles, strong reproductive abilities, and high market value. They are aquatic products that are very popular among the general public and are also a very promising breeding variety.

[0003] Farming shrimp in ponds is a traditional aquaculture method. After technical improvement and optimization, the farming efficiency and growth quality of freshwater shrimp can be improved. In pond farming, first of all, site selection is the primary link to ensure the success of farming. A location with flat terrain, suitable soil, sufficient and stable water source should be selected for farming. Secondly, water quality management is the core content to ensure the healthy growth of shrimp. It is necessary to monitor the temperature, oxygen content, pH value and concentration of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate in the water body, and take corresponding measures to maintain a suitable water quality environment. Feeding management is an important link in the farming process, including reasonable formulation of feed and control of feed feeding amount to meet the nutritional needs of shrimp, and regular inspection of shrimp growth. Finally, disease prevention and control is an issue that needs to be paid attention to in the farming process. Disease monitoring should be carried out regularly, the sanitation management of the farming environment should be strengthened, and necessary prevention and control measures should be taken to prevent and control the occurrence of shrimp diseases.

[0004] However, there are still some defects in the current shrimp farming in ponds. The existing shrimp farming ponds are usually transformed from crab ponds, with a large and wide area. For shrimp farming, the larger the pond area, the more difficult it is to fertilize and adjust the water. The pond is too wide, which makes it difficult to feed along the edge of the pond in the middle of the pond, resulting in unbalanced feeding of the shrimp in the pond. In addition, since the shrimp likes to crawl on the bottom, only the bottom area of ​​the pond can be used, and a large amount of pond space is wasted. The farming scale is limited by the pond area, resulting in the shrimp being densely concentrated at the bottom, resulting in insufficient activity and habitat space for the shrimp. In addition, dense shrimp are prone to fighting with each other and reducing production. Based on this, we propose a terraced shrimp farming method and structure based on pond transformation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a terraced shrimp farming method and structure based on pond transformation, so as to solve the problem that the scale of farming in the prior art is limited by the pond area, causing the shrimps to be concentrated at the bottom, resulting in insufficient activity and habitat space for the shrimps and low shrimp production.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Reconstruct the traditional shrimp breeding pond, reduce the pond area to 6-7 mu, narrow the width to 25-30 meters, and make it long and narrow. Dig a ditch from the water inlet to the outlet in the middle of the pond, with a depth of 30-40 cm and a width of 3-4 meters. Set a shrimp collection pit at the outlet to connect with the ditch, and set filter screens at the water inlet and outlet of the pond;

[0008] Step 2: Place terraced shrimp nests with a length of 2.5-3 meters and a width of 1.5-2 meters in the pond, and place 4-6 rows along the long side, with a spacing of 5-7 meters between each row. Every two terraced shrimp nests in the same row are 3-5 meters apart. Each layer of the terraced shrimp nest is detachably connected to each other, and the length decreases by 15-20 centimeters. According to the water depth, the upper layer is adjusted to be placed on the lower layer to gradually adjust the overall height of the terraced shrimp nest;

[0009] Step 3: Choose the right aquatic plant species. Plant the aquatic plants in a straight line along the long side, plant them on the inner side of the terraced shrimp nest or between two rows of terraced shrimp nests, with a spacing of 3-4 meters. The planting of aquatic plants can provide oxygen and shelter, improve water quality and provide a hiding place for fresh shrimp. The planting density of aquatic plants should be adjusted appropriately according to the specific pond conditions and the amount of fresh shrimp put in.

[0010] Step 4: Install an aerator under the terraced shrimp nest, lay an aeration pipe between the shrimp nest and the water plants, set an air outlet valve every 3-5 meters on the pipe, connect it to the aerator under the terraced shrimp nest, and increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water by spraying water at the four corners of the pond to ensure that the shrimp in the pond can get sufficient oxygen supply;

[0011] Step 5: If the direct release of brooding shrimp is adopted, fertilization should be carried out when eye spots appear on the brooding shrimp eggs; if the clear release of shrimp fry is adopted, fertilization should be carried out one to two weeks before release, so that the fertilizer can be fully decomposed and utilized, and a rich plankton community can be formed before release;

[0012] Step 6: In June, when the weather is fine and the pond water temperature is stable at 27℃-28℃ for about a week, release the shrimps with eggs that are larger than 4.5cm, strong and with basically synchronized egg development. The release amount is increased from 0.8-1kg / mu in ordinary ponds to 2-2.5kg / mu. In July and August, when the weather is fine, release high-quality shrimps at 4 am or 10 pm. The size is larger than 1.2cm, and the release amount is increased from 100,000-150,000 shrimps in ordinary ponds to 200,000-300,000 shrimps / mu.

[0013] Step 7: Choose special shrimp feed rich in nutrients such as protein, vitamins and minerals as the main food. Choose different nutritional feeds according to the growth stage of the shrimp. In the early stage, fertilizer water is used as the main food, supplemented with soy milk as appropriate; in the middle stage, when the shrimp seedlings turn to swimming in groups around the edge of the pond, gradually reduce the amount of soy milk fed and increase the amount of powdered compound feed fed; in the later stage, when the young shrimp begin to switch to bottom-dwelling life, gradually change to feeding young shrimp granular feed, and feed adult shrimp feed with a size of more than 4.0 cm. Regular and quantitative feeding helps to control the feed supply and avoid overfeeding or waste.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, the terraced shrimp nest is a terraced structure made of 20-mesh fishing net and No. 12 threaded steel.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, in step three, the aquatic grass species is one of dwarf Vallisneria, long-spiked thick-leaved sedge, and dwarf dragon bone grass.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, in step four, the aeration pipeline is connected to an external aeration device, the aeration device transports oxygen through the aeration pipeline and discharges it from the aerator to provide oxygen to the terraced shrimp nests above the aerator. A valve is provided at the connection between the aeration pipeline and the aerator. The operating time and oxygenation amount are adjusted according to the pond inspection and weather conditions. The aeration device is started in time at night and in rainy weather to provide sufficient oxygen supply. The aeration equipment is equipped with more than 0.3 kilowatts per mu.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, in step 5, when applying fertilizer, two or three batches are applied in different time periods according to the total amount of fertilizer applied, and the fertilizer is applied separately after a certain period of time in the application cycle, so as to ensure that the effect of fertilization is applied gradually and avoid excessive application at one time. The types of fertilizers used are commercially available organic fertilizers or fermented biofertilizers as fertilizer materials, and the biofertilizers are selected from farmyard manure and livestock and poultry manure. In the later stage, when the transparency of the pond is greater than 30cm, soybean milk is sprayed all over the pond and amino acids are used for topdressing.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, in step seven, when feeding, the feed is evenly spread around the ditches, water plants and terraced shrimp nests in the pond, and the feeding situation of the shrimps is observed along the four sides of the pond, including appetite, food intake and nutritional status. According to the observation results, the feeding amount and feeding frequency are appropriately adjusted to maintain the healthy growth of the shrimps.

[0019] A terraced shrimp farming structure based on pond transformation comprises a long strip pond, wherein a deeper ditch is arranged in the center of the pond from the water inlet to the drain outlet, a shrimp collecting pit is arranged at the drain outlet of the pond and is connected to the ditch, a plurality of rows of terraced shrimp nests that can be overlapped and disassembled are arranged along the long side of the pond, water plants are arranged between two rows of the terraced shrimp nests, an aeration pipe is arranged between the terraced shrimp nests and the water plants, an outer wall of the aeration pipe has an air outlet valve, the aeration pipe is laid at the bottom of the pond and leads to the terraced shrimp nests and the water plants, an aerator connected to the aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the terraced shrimp, and the aerator is located in the pond.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the terraced shrimp nest includes a steel frame, a fishing net, a slot, a through hole, a plug plate, a bolt and a nut. Four different steel frames are stacked together, the fishing net is set on the four steel frames, slots are opened on both sides of the top of the four steel frames, plug plates are set on both sides of the bottom of the steel frames, and the plug plates are inserted into the slots on the corresponding steel frames below, through holes are opened on the steel frames on both sides of the slots and on both sides of the plug plates, the bolts are inserted in the through holes and extend out of the through holes at the corresponding positions on the steel frames below, and the nuts are screwed on the bottom of the outer wall of the bolts and tightly attached to the steel frames.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the aerator includes a counterweight bracket, an oxygenation disk and an air inlet pipe. The counterweight bracket is placed on the pond at the bottom of the lowest steel frame. The rectangular oxygenation disk is arranged around the counterweight bracket. The air outlet end of the air inlet pipe is fixed together with the air inlet end of the oxygenation disk. The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the air outlet valve of the oxygenation pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The relatively deep grooves of the present invention can provide suitable water bodies for the shrimps to live in during the summer in the high temperature season. At the same time, when the pond is dried in the late fishing period, the shrimps can be concentrated in the grooves and the shrimp collection pits, which is beneficial to reducing the damage to the shrimps during fishing and avoiding the problem of shrimps choking when the flat-bottom pond is dried, which especially affects the quality of the breeding shrimps. In addition, when the pond is exposed to the sun, the grooves can collect the water in the pond bottom surface, promote the drying of the pond bottom, and be beneficial to the oxidation and degradation of the sediments at the pond bottom, thereby improving the bottom environment of the pond;

[0024] 2. The present invention can facilitate the disassembly and movement of the terraced shrimp nest through the cooperation of the concrete structural steel frame, fishing net, slot, through hole, plug plate, bolt and nut, and can adjust the upper two layers of the terraced shrimp nest to be flush with the lower two layers according to the water depth, so as to provide sufficient activity and habitat space for the shrimps, avoid the shrimps fighting with each other and waste the pond space, improve the utilization rate of the pond space and thus increase the shrimp yield;

[0025] 3. The length of each layer of the terraced shrimp nest of the present invention gradually decreases from bottom to top. On the one hand, the pond receives sunlight to the maximum extent, which is convenient for the growth and reproduction of algae in the water body; on the other hand, when feeding, the shrimps climbing in each layer of the terraced structure can eat the feed as quickly as possible, ensuring the balance of shrimp feed feeding in the whole pond. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of the pond of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the terraced shrimp nest of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle steel frame;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view of the steel frame;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the medium aerator.

[0031] In the figure: 1, pond; 2, ditch; 3, shrimp pit; 4, terraced shrimp nest; 401, steel frame; 402, fishing net; 403, slot; 404, through hole; 405, plug plate; 406, bolt; 407, nut; 5, water grass; 6, oxygenation pipe; 7, aerator; 701, counterweight bracket; 702, oxygenation disk; 703, air intake pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Reconstruct the traditional shrimp breeding pond, reduce the pond area to 6-7 mu, narrow the width to 25-30 meters, and make it long and narrow overall. Dig a ditch from the water inlet to the drain in the center of the pond, with a depth of 30-40 cm and a width of 3-4 meters. Set a shrimp collection pit at the drain to connect with the ditch. When the pond is dry in the late fishing period, the shrimp can be concentrated in the ditch and the shrimp collection pit. In the hot season, the relatively deep ditch can also provide suitable water bodies for the shrimp to spend the summer. In addition to transforming the area and width of the pond, sunshade nets or awnings can be set around the pond to prevent excessive sunlight from having adverse effects on the growth of shrimp. Set filter screens at the water inlet and drain of the pond to filter debris when water is entering and prevent the shrimp from being directly lost when draining.

[0035] Step 2: Place terraced shrimp nests with a length of 2.5-3 meters and a width of 1.5-2 meters in the pond, and place 4-6 rows along the long side, with a spacing of 5-7 meters between each row. Every two terraced shrimp nests in the same row are 3-5 meters apart. Each layer of the terraced shrimp nest is detachably connected to each other, and the length decreases by 15-20 centimeters. According to the water depth, the upper layer is adjusted to be placed on the lower layer to gradually adjust the overall height of the terraced shrimp nest;

[0036] Step 3: Choose the right aquatic plant species. Plant the aquatic plants in a straight line along the long side, plant them on the inner side of the terraced shrimp nest or between two rows of terraced shrimp nests, with a spacing of 3-4 meters. The planting of aquatic plants can provide oxygen and shelter, improve water quality and provide a hiding place for fresh shrimp. The planting density of aquatic plants should be adjusted appropriately according to the specific pond conditions and the amount of fresh shrimp put in.

[0037] Step 4: Install an aerator under the terraced shrimp nest, lay an aeration pipe between the shrimp nest and the water plants, set an air outlet valve every 3-5 meters on the pipe, connect it to the aerator under the terraced shrimp nest, and increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water by spraying water at the four corners of the pond to ensure that the shrimp in the pond can get sufficient oxygen supply;

[0038] Step 5: If the direct release of brooding shrimp is adopted, fertilization should be carried out when eye spots appear on the brooding shrimp eggs; if the clear release of shrimp fry is adopted, fertilization should be carried out one to two weeks before release, so that the fertilizer can be fully decomposed and utilized, and a rich plankton community can be formed before release;

[0039] Step 6: In June, when the weather is fine and the pond water temperature is stable at 27℃-28℃ for about a week, release the shrimps with eggs that are larger than 4.5cm, strong and with basically synchronized egg development. The release amount is increased from 0.8-1kg / mu in ordinary ponds to 2-2.5kg / mu. In July and August, when the weather is fine, release high-quality shrimps at 4 am or 10 pm. The size is larger than 1.2cm, and the release amount is increased from 100,000-150,000 shrimps in ordinary ponds to 200,000-300,000 shrimps / mu.

[0040] Step 7: Choose special shrimp feed rich in nutrients such as protein, vitamins and minerals as the main food. Choose different nutritional feeds according to the growth stage of the shrimp. In the early stage, fertilizer water is used as the main food, supplemented with soy milk as appropriate; in the middle stage, when the shrimp seedlings turn to swimming in groups around the edge of the pond, gradually reduce the amount of soy milk fed and increase the amount of powdered compound feed fed; in the later stage, when the young shrimp begin to switch to bottom-dwelling life, gradually change to feeding young shrimp granular feed, and feed adult shrimp feed with a size of more than 4.0 cm. Regular and quantitative feeding helps to control the feed supply and avoid overfeeding or waste.

[0041] During the specific implementation, in step two, the terraced shrimp nest is a terraced structure made of 20-mesh fishing net and No. 12 rebar, which can provide stable structural support, prevent the shrimp nest from collapsing and deforming, and ensure the stability of the breeding environment.

[0042] During the specific implementation, in step three, the aquatic plant variety is one of dwarf Vallisneria, long-spiked thick-leaved sedge, and dwarf dragon bone grass, which can provide oxygen and shade, improve water quality, provide a suitable growth environment for shrimps, and provide a hiding place for shrimps, which helps to improve the breeding effect.

[0043] During the specific implementation, in step four, the aeration pipeline is connected to an external aeration device, the aeration device transports oxygen through the aeration pipeline and discharges it from the aerator to provide oxygen to the terraced shrimp nests above the aerator. A valve is provided at the connection between the aeration pipeline and the aerator. The operating time and oxygenation amount are adjusted according to the pond inspection and weather conditions. The aeration equipment is started in time at night and in rainy weather to provide sufficient oxygen supply. The aeration equipment is equipped with more than 0.3 kilowatts per mu.

[0044] In the specific implementation, in step five, when applying fertilizer, two to three batches are applied in different time periods according to the total amount of fertilizer applied. After a certain period of time between the application cycles, the fertilizers are applied separately to ensure that the effect of the fertilization is gradually applied to avoid excessive one-time application. Commercially available organic fertilizers or fermented bio-fertilizers are used as fertilizer materials. Bio-fertilizers are selected from farmyard manure and livestock and poultry manure. In the later stage, when the transparency of the pond is greater than 30 cm, soybean milk is sprayed throughout the pond and amino acids are used for topdressing. Fertilization in batches can gradually release nutrients, keep the water quality relatively stable, and avoid water pollution caused by excessive one-time application of fertilizers. In addition, the use of organic fertilizers and fermented bio-fertilizers as fertilizer materials can provide rich nutrition for the shrimp and promote their healthy growth.

[0045] In the specific implementation, in step seven, when feeding, the feed is evenly spread around the ditches, water plants and terraced shrimp nests in the pond, and the feeding situation of the shrimps, including appetite, food intake and nutritional status, is observed along the four sides of the pond. According to the observation results, the feeding amount and feeding frequency are appropriately adjusted to maintain the healthy growth of the shrimps, which can ensure that the feed is fully discovered and eaten by the shrimps, avoiding excessive waste of feed. Observing the reaction and adjusting the feeding amount and feeding frequency will help control the feed supply and maintain the healthy growth of the shrimps.

[0046] A terraced shrimp farming structure based on pond transformation includes a long strip pond 1. The long strip pond 1 is conducive to the feeding and eating of shrimps. A deep strip ditch 2 is arranged in the center of the pond 1 from the water inlet to the drain outlet. A shrimp collecting pit 3 is arranged at the drain outlet of the pond 1 and is connected to the strip ditch 2. The relatively deep strip ditch in the high temperature season can provide a suitable habitat for the shrimps in the summer. At the same time, when the pond is dry in the late fishing period, the shrimps can be concentrated in the strip ditch and the shrimp collecting pit. There are multiple rows of terraced shrimp nests 4 that can be overlapped and disassembled, and water plants 5 are arranged between two rows of terraced shrimp nests 4. The water plants 5 are used to provide oxygen and shelter, improve water quality and provide a hiding place for shrimps. An aeration pipe 6 is arranged between the terraced shrimp nests 4 and the water plants 5. The outer wall of the aeration pipe 6 has an air outlet valve. The aeration pipe 6 is laid at the bottom of the pond and leads to the terraced shrimp nests 4 and the water plants 5. An aerator 7 connected to the aeration pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the terraced shrimp nests 4, and the aerator 7 is located in the pond.

[0047] In a specific implementation, the terraced shrimp nest 4 includes a steel frame 401, a fishing net 402, a slot 403, a through hole 404, a plug 405, a bolt 406 and a nut 407. Four different steel frames 401 are stacked together, the fishing net 402 is set on the four steel frames 401, the tops of the four steel frames 401 are provided with slots 403 on both sides, the bottoms of the steel frames 401 are provided with plugs 405 on both sides, and the plugs 405 are plugged into the slots 403 on the corresponding steel frames 401 below, and the slots 403 and the plugs are connected to the two sides of the slots 403. Through holes 404 are provided on the steel frames 401 on both sides of 405. Through the cooperation of the plug plate 405 and the slot 403, the steel frames 401 can be easily stacked on each other. The bolt 406 is inserted into the through hole 404 and extends out of the through hole 404 at the corresponding position on the lower steel frame 401, and the nut 407 is screwed on the bottom of the outer wall of the bolt 406 and tightly attached to the steel frame 401. Through the cooperation of the bolt 406 and the nut 407, the steel frames 401 can be fixed to each other to ensure that the steel frames are more stable in the pond.

[0048] During specific implementation, the aerator 7 includes a counterweight bracket 701, an aeration plate 702 and an air inlet pipe 703. The counterweight bracket 701 is placed on the pond 1 at the bottom of the lowest steel frame 401. The rectangular aeration plate 702 is arranged around the counterweight bracket 701. The counterweight bracket 701 is used to support the aeration plate 702 and to counterweight the aeration plate 702. Concrete is injected into the middle cavity of the counterweight bracket 701 to make the aeration plate 702 more stably located at the bottom of the pond. The air outlet end of the air inlet pipe 703 is fixed together with the air inlet end of the aeration plate 702. The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 703 is connected together with the air outlet valve of the aeration pipe 6. The aerator 7 is used to provide sufficient oxygen for the terraced shrimp nest 4, and a valve is provided on the air inlet pipe 703.

[0049] The detailed connection means are well-known in the art. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process. The specific work is as follows.

[0050] When in use, according to the water depth in the pond, the terraced shrimp nest 4 is directly placed in the pond or adjusted before being placed in. When adjustment is needed, the nuts 407 between the first and second steel bars 401 and the second and third steel bars 401 are unscrewed from the bolts 406 from top to bottom to disassemble the steel bars 401 of the upper two layers, and the first layer is placed horizontally side by side next to the steel bars 401 of the lowest layer, and then the steel bars 401 of the second layer are placed on the first layer steel bars 401, and a part of the second layer steel bars 401 is placed on the steel bars 401 of the lowest layer, and the plug plate 405 at the bottom of the second layer steel bars 401 is inserted into the slot 403 on the first layer steel bars 401, and then the bolts 406 are inserted into the through holes 404 on the first and second layer steel bars 401, and the nuts 407 are tightened on the bolts 406, so that the first and second layer steel bars 401 can be stably fixed, thereby reducing the overall height of the terraced shrimp nest 4 so that it can be adjusted according to the water depth.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Reconstruct the traditional shrimp breeding pond, reduce the pond area to 6-7 mu, narrow the width to 25-30 meters, and make it long and narrow. Dig a ditch from the water inlet to the outlet in the middle of the pond, with a depth of 30-40 cm and a width of 3-4 meters. Set a shrimp collection pit at the outlet to connect with the ditch, and set filter screens at the water inlet and outlet of the pond; Step 2: placing terraced shrimp nests with a length of 2.5-3 meters and a width of 1.5-2 meters in a pond, placing 4 rows along the long side, with a spacing of 5-7 meters between each row, and every two terraced shrimp nests in the same row are 3-5 meters apart, each layer of the terraced shrimp nest is detachably connected to each other, and the length of each layer of the terraced shrimp nest is successively reduced by 15-20 centimeters, and the upper layer is adjusted to be placed on the lower layer according to the water depth to gradually adjust the overall height of the terraced shrimp nest, and the terraced shrimp nest is a terraced structure made of 20-mesh fishing nets and No. 12 threaded steel; the terraced shrimp nest includes a steel frame (401), a fishing net (402), a slot (403), a through hole (404), a plug plate (405), a bolt (406) and a nut (407), four steel frames of different lengths ( 401) are stacked together, the fishing net (402) is arranged on four steel bars (401), slots (403) are provided on both sides of the top of the four steel bars (401), plug plates (405) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the steel bars (401), and the plug plates (405) are inserted into the slots (403) on the corresponding steel bars (401) below, through holes (404) are provided on the steel bars (401) on both sides of the slots (403) and on both sides of the plug plates (405), the bolts (406) are inserted into the through holes (404) and extend out of the through holes (404) at corresponding positions on the steel bars (401) below, and the nuts (407) are screwed to the bottom of the outer wall of the bolts (406) and are tightly attached to the steel bars (401); Step 3: Choose the right aquatic plant species. Plant the aquatic plants in a straight line along the long side, plant them on the inner side of the terraced shrimp nest or between two rows of terraced shrimp nests, with a spacing of 3-4 meters. The planting of aquatic plants can provide oxygen and shelter, improve water quality and provide a hiding place for freshwater shrimps. Step 4: Install an aerator under the terraced shrimp nest, lay an aeration pipeline between the shrimp nest and the water plants, set an air outlet valve every 3-5 meters on the pipeline, connect it to the aerator under the terraced shrimp nest, and increase the dissolved oxygen content in the water by spraying water at the four corners of the pond to ensure that the shrimp in the pond can get enough oxygen supply. The aeration pipeline is connected to an aeration device, and the aeration device transports oxygen through the aeration pipeline and discharges it from the aerator to provide oxygen to the terraced shrimp nest above the aerator. A valve is provided at the connection between the aeration pipeline and the aerator; Step 5: If the direct release of brooding shrimp is adopted, fertilization should be carried out when eye spots appear on the brooding shrimp eggs; if the clear release of shrimp fry is adopted, fertilization should be carried out one to two weeks before release, so that the fertilizer can be fully decomposed and utilized, and a rich plankton community can be formed before release; Step 6: In June, when the weather is fine and the pond water temperature is stable at 27-28℃ for a week, release gravid shrimps with a size of more than 4.5cm, strong physique and basically synchronized egg development. The release amount is 2-2.5kg / mu. In July and August, when the weather is fine, release high-quality shrimp fry at 4 am or 10 pm. The size is more than 1.2cm. The release amount is 200,000-300,000 shrimps / mu. Step seven: Choose special shrimp feed as the main food. Choose different nutritional feeds according to the growth stage of the shrimp. In the early stage, fertilizer water is the main food, supplemented with soy milk. In the middle stage, when the shrimp fry turn to swimming in groups around the edge of the pond, gradually reduce the amount of soy milk and increase the amount of powdered feed. In the later stage, when the young shrimp begin to live in the bottom, gradually change to feeding young shrimp granular feed. When the size of the shrimp is over 4.0 cm, feed adult shrimp feed.

2. The terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, the aquatic grass variety is one of dwarf Vallisneria, long-spiked thick-leaved sedge, and dwarf dragon bone grass.

3. The terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step four, the operation time and oxygenation amount of the aeration equipment are adjusted according to the pond inspection and weather conditions. The aeration equipment is started at night and in rainy weather to provide sufficient oxygen supply. The aeration equipment is equipped with more than 0.3 kilowatts per mu.

4. The terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step five, when applying fertilizer, it is divided into two to three batches in different time periods according to the total amount of fertilizer. After a certain period of time between the application cycles, the fertilizers are applied separately to ensure that the effect of the fertilizer is gradually applied to avoid excessive application at one time. Commercially available organic fertilizers or fermented bio-fertilizers are used as fertilizer materials. Bio-fertilizers can be selected from farmyard manure and livestock and poultry manure. In the later stage, when the transparency of the pond is greater than 30cm, soybean milk is sprayed throughout the pond and amino acids are used as topdressing.

5. The terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step seven, when feeding, the feed is evenly spread around the ditches, water plants and terraced shrimp nests in the pond, and the feeding situation of the shrimps, including appetite, food intake and nutritional status, is observed along the four sides of the pond. Based on the observation results, the feeding amount and feeding frequency are adjusted to maintain the healthy growth of the shrimps.

6. A terraced shrimp farming structure based on pond transformation, characterized by: The structure is applied to a terraced shrimp farming method based on pond transformation as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a long strip pond (1), a strip ditch (2) is arranged in the center of the pond (1) from the water inlet to the drain outlet, a shrimp collecting pit (3) is arranged at the drain outlet of the pond (1) and is connected to the strip ditch (2), a plurality of rows of terraced shrimp nests (4) that can be overlapped and disassembled are arranged along the long side of the pond (1), water plants (5) are arranged between two rows of the terraced shrimp nests (4), an aeration pipeline (6) is arranged between the terraced shrimp nests (4) and the water plants (5), the aeration pipeline (6) is laid at the bottom of the pond and leads to the terraced shrimp nests (4) and the water plants (5), the outer wall of the aeration pipeline (6) has an air outlet valve, and an aerator (7) connected to the aeration pipeline (6) is arranged at the bottom of the terraced shrimp nest (4), and the aerator (7) is located in the pond; The terraced shrimp nest (4) comprises a steel bar frame (401), a fishing net (402), a slot (403), a through hole (404), a plug plate (405), a bolt (406) and a nut (407). Four steel bars (401) of different lengths are stacked together, the fishing net (402) is arranged on the four steel bars (401), the tops of the four steel bars (401) are provided with slots (403) on both sides, and the bottoms of the steel bars (401) are provided with plug plates (405) on both sides. 405), and the plug plate (405) is plugged into a slot (403) on a corresponding steel frame (401) below, through holes (404) are provided on both sides of the slot (403) and the steel frames (401) on both sides of the plug plate (405), the bolts (406) are plugged into the through holes (404) and extend out of the through holes (404) at corresponding positions on the steel frame (401) below, and the nuts (407) are screwed onto the bottom of the outer wall of the bolts (406) and are tightly attached to the steel frame (401).

7. The terraced shrimp farming structure based on pond transformation according to claim 6 is characterized by: The aerator (7) comprises a counterweight support (701), an aeration plate (702) and an air inlet pipe (703); the counterweight support (701) is placed on the pond (1) at the bottom of the lowest steel frame (401); the rectangular aeration plate (702) is arranged around the counterweight support (701); the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe (703) is fixed to the air inlet end of the aeration plate (702); the air inlet end of the air inlet pipe (703) is connected to the air outlet valve of the aeration pipeline (6); and a valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe (703).

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