Output shaft cold forging forming process and die

Abstract

The application provides an output shaft cold forging forming process and a die, wherein the output shaft cold forging forming process comprises blanking, normalizing, blank making, first-time shot blasting and phosphor saponification, normal extrusion, reducing, second-time shot blasting and phosphor saponification, pre-forming and forming steps; the output shaft cold forging forming die comprises an upper die and a lower die, the upper die comprises an upper die plate, an upper die sleeve, an upper die pressure block, a clamping nut and a forming upper die, and the lower die comprises a lower die plate, a lower die sleeve, a lower die pressure block, a forming lower die, a lower die upper sliding block, a lower die lower sliding block, a guide sleeve and a pressing plate. The application has the advantages of net forming design, reduced machining allowance, reduced raw material usage, gradually increased workpiece strength by using a forging process and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of molds, in particular to an output shaft cold forging forming process and mold. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of automobile manufacturing technology, net forming of parts by forging and no heat treatment after forging to meet the reduction of production cost and energy consumption has become the development direction of automobile manufacturing industry.

[0003] The torque manager is an important part of the transmission system in the automobile, and the output shaft is a very critical part. The commonly used process is warm forging or cold forging, but it is easy to cause inaccurate size of the forged part, resulting in large consumption of raw materials and large machining allowance, low processing efficiency, and the organization after forging cannot meet the requirements and needs to be heat treated, resulting in serious energy waste.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical scheme. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present application discloses an output shaft cold forging forming process, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0006] The present application provides an output shaft cold forging forming process, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, blanking: cutting the raw material into a columnar workpiece to prepare for the next process;

[0008] S2, normalizing: softening the workpiece material and optimizing the material organization of the workpiece to control the material hardness and prepare for the subsequent forging;

[0009] S3, blank preparation: removing the oxide layer and defects on the surface of the workpiece to prepare for the subsequent shot blasting and phosphorus saponification;

[0010] S4, first shot blasting and phosphorus saponification:

[0011] S5, normal extrusion: preliminarily extruding the A area below the first boss of the workpiece to obtain the deformation and strength of the normal extrusion;

[0012] S6, reducing the diameter: preliminarily extruding the B area where the first boss is located, the C area between the first boss and the second boss, and the D area above the second boss to obtain the deformation and strength of the diameter reduction, wherein the C area and the D area are columnar bodies after diameter reduction;

[0013] S7, second shot blasting and phosphorus saponification:

[0014] S8, preforming: extruding and forming the A area, the B area and the D area to obtain the final product size and strength;

[0015] S9, forming: extruding the C region to obtain the final product size and strength.

[0016] Further, the hardness of the workpiece in the normalizing step is controlled at 165-190 HB.

[0017] Further, the deformation of the A region of the workpiece in the normal extrusion step is controlled at about 42%, and the hardness of the A region is increased by 35-50 HB.

[0018] Further, the deformation of the B, C and D regions in the reducing step is controlled at about 28%, and the hardness of the B, C and D regions is increased by 25-35 HB.

[0019] Further, in the preforming step,

[0020] the deformation of the A region is controlled at about 8%, and the hardness of the A region is increased by 5-12 HB;

[0021] the deformation of the B region is controlled at about 51%, and the hardness of the B region is increased by 38-55 HB;

[0022] the deformation of the D region is controlled at about 25%, and the hardness of the D region is increased by 20-32 HB.

[0023] Further, in the forming step,

[0024] the deformation of the second boss region in the C region is controlled at about 55%, and the hardness of the second boss region is increased by 40-65 HB;

[0025] the deformation of the first step region below the second boss is controlled at about 32%, and the hardness of the first step region is increased by 30-45 HB;

[0026] the deformation of the second step region below the first step is controlled at about 7%, and the hardness of the second step region is increased by 5-12 HB.

[0027] The application also discloses an output shaft cold forging forming die, comprising an upper die and a lower die,

[0028] the upper die comprises an upper die plate, an upper die sleeve, an upper die pressure block, a locking nut and a forming upper die,

[0029] one end of the upper die sleeve is fixed to the upper die plate, the other end of the upper die sleeve is sleeved outside the forming upper die, and the end of the other end of the upper die sleeve is connected with the locking nut,

[0030] the upper die pressure block is arranged between the upper die plate and the forming upper die, and the upper die pressure block is clamped and connected with the forming upper die,

[0031] The locking nut fixes the upper die in the upper die sleeve,

[0032] The lower die comprises a lower die plate, a lower die sleeve, a lower die pressure block, a forming lower die, a lower die upper slide block, a lower die lower slide block, a guide sleeve and a pressing plate,

[0033] One end of the lower die sleeve is fixed on the lower die plate, and the other end is sleeved outside the forming lower die,

[0034] The lower die pressure block is arranged between the lower die plate and the forming lower die,

[0035] The forming lower die comprises a lower die outer ring, a lower die middle ring and a lower die core from outside to inside, the lower die upper slide block and the lower die lower slide block are arranged in the inner cavity of the lower die core, the lower part of the lower die middle ring is in contact with the inner cavity side wall of the lower die sleeve, the lower die outer ring is arranged outside the upper part of the lower die middle ring, and the lower die outer ring outwardly extends and can be clamped above the lower die sleeve, and the top height of the lower die middle ring is higher than that of the lower die outer ring,

[0036] The lower die upper slide block and the lower die lower slide block are combined in the lower die core to form the forming shape of the workpiece,

[0037] The guide sleeve is sleeved outside the top of the lower die middle ring, and the guide sleeve is pressed on the lower die outer ring,

[0038] A step is arranged outside the guide sleeve, the pressing plate is annularly pressed on the step of the guide sleeve, and the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the lower die sleeve through fixing bolts.

[0039] Further, the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower die core is in an inverted conical shape, the lower part of the inner cavity of the lower die core is in a cylindrical shape, the top of the lower part of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shape is provided with a chamfered stopper, and the diameter of the lower part of the inner cavity of the cylindrical shape is greater than the bottom diameter of the upper part of the inner cavity of the inverted conical shape.

[0040] Further, the lower die upper slide block is arranged in the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower die core, the lower die lower slide block is arranged in the lower part of the inner cavity of the lower die core, the position where the lower die upper slide block and the lower die lower slide block are in contact is arranged as a first boss area, and the contact surface of the lower die upper slide block and the lower die lower slide block is the top horizontal surface of the first boss.

[0041] Further, the outer side of the lower die upper slide block is arranged in an inverted conical shape matched with the upper part of the inner cavity of the lower die core, the lower die upper slide block is arranged in a four-equal-part structure, a first connecting spring is arranged between adjacent lower die upper slide blocks, and the normal state of the first connecting spring is a compressed state.

[0042] The upper part diameter of the lower mold lower slide block is the same as the diameter of the inverted conical bottom of the upper part inner cavity of the lower mold core, the middle part of the lower mold lower slide block is provided with a protruding part, the diameter of the protruding part is the same as the diameter of the lower part inner cavity of the lower mold core, the protruding part can be clamped with the chamfer stop of the top of the lower part inner cavity to prevent the lower mold lower slide block from continuing to move upward, the lower part diameter of the lower mold lower slide block is smaller than the diameter of the protruding part, and the lower part outer side of the lower mold lower slide block is provided with a second connecting spring in a compressed state.

[0043] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1、The output shaft cold forging forming process provided by the present application, according to the shape of the finished product, the net forming design is carried out on the forging blank, so that the reserved machining allowance is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of saving raw materials and reducing energy consumption.

[0045] 2、The output shaft cold forging forming process provided by the present application, according to the shape of the forging blank, a reasonable cold forging process is formulated, the intermediate non-annealing continuous segmented forging forming is carried out on the forging blank, and the strength is gradually strengthened, so that the final heat treatment is replaced by forging, thereby meeting the strength requirement of the output shaft.

[0046] 3、The output shaft cold forging forming die provided by the present application solves the problem that two bosses cannot be removed by using a special die structure.

[0047] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood by the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 It is the flow chart of the output shaft cold forging forming process of the present application.

[0050] Figure 2 It is the area division schematic diagram of the output shaft workpiece in the positive extrusion process.

[0051] Figure 3 It is the area division schematic diagram of the output shaft workpiece in the reducing process.

[0052] Figure 4 It is the area division schematic diagram of the output shaft workpiece in the preforming process.

[0053] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the area division of the output shaft workpiece in the forming process.

[0054] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming die provided by the embodiment when forming the material.

[0055] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming die provided by the embodiment when extruding and forming.

[0056] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming die provided by the embodiment when extruding and forming.

[0057] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming die provided by the embodiment when extruding and forming.

[0058] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming die provided by the embodiment when extruding and forming.

[0059] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forming die provided by the embodiment when extruding and forming. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar notations represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0062] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] The application discloses an output shaft cold forging forming process, referring to Figures 1 to 5 , comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1, blanking: cutting a columnar workpiece from a raw material, so as to prepare for the next process;

[0065] S2, normalizing: softening the material of the workpiece, optimizing the material structure of the workpiece, and controlling the hardness of the workpiece, so as to prepare for subsequent forging;

[0066] S3, blank preparation: removing the oxide layer and defects on the surface of the workpiece, so as to prepare for subsequent shot blasting and phosphorus saponification;

[0067] S4, first shot blasting and phosphorus saponification;

[0068] S5, forward extrusion: initially extruding an A area below a first boss of the workpiece, so as to obtain the deformation and strength of forward extrusion;

[0069] S6, reducing diameter: initially extruding a B area where the first boss is located, a C area between the first boss and a second boss, and a D area above the second boss, so as to obtain the deformation and strength of reducing diameter, wherein the C area and the D area are columnar bodies after reducing diameter;

[0070] S7, second shot blasting and phosphorus saponification;

[0071] S8, preforming: extruding and forming the A area, the B area and the D area to obtain the size and strength of the final product;

[0072] S9, forming: extruding and forming the C area to obtain the size and strength of the final product.

[0073] In the normalizing step, the hardness of the workpiece is controlled to be 165-190 HB.

[0074] In the forward extrusion step, the deformation of the A area of the workpiece is controlled to be about 42%, and the hardness of the A area is increased by 35-50 HB.

[0075] In the reducing diameter step, the deformation of the B, C and D areas is controlled to be about 28%, and the hardness of the B, C and D areas is increased by 25-35 HB.

[0076] In the preforming step,

[0077] the deformation of the A area is controlled to be about 8%, and the hardness of the A area is increased by 5-12 HB;

[0078] the deformation of the B area is controlled to be about 51%, and the hardness of the B area is increased by 38-55 HB;

[0079] the deformation of the D area is controlled to be about 25%, and the hardness of the D area is increased by 20-32 HB.

[0080] In the forming step,

[0081] The deformation amount of the second boss region in the C region is controlled at about 55%, and the hardness of the second boss region is increased by 40-65 HB;

[0082] The deformation amount of the first step region below the second boss is controlled at about 32%, and the hardness of the first step region is increased by 30-45 HB;

[0083] The deformation amount of the second step region below the first step is controlled at about 7%, and the hardness of the second step region is increased by 5-12 HB.

[0084] The application also discloses an output shaft cold forging forming die, referring to Figures 6 to 11 , comprising an upper die 1 and a lower die 2. The upper die 1 comprises an upper die plate 11, an upper die sleeve 12, an upper die pressure block 13, a locking nut 14 and a forming upper die 15. One end of the upper die sleeve 12 is fixed to the upper die plate 11, and the other end is sleeved outside the forming upper die 15, and the end of the other end of the upper die sleeve 12 is connected with the locking nut 14. The upper die pressure block 13 is arranged between the upper die plate 11 and the forming upper die 15, and the upper die pressure block 13 is clamped and connected between the forming upper die 15. The locking nut 14 fixes the forming upper die 15 in the upper die sleeve 12.

[0085] , the lower die 2 comprises a lower die plate 21, a lower die sleeve 22, a lower die pressure block 23, a forming lower die 24, a lower die upper slide block 25, a lower die lower slide block 26, a guide sleeve 27 and a pressing plate 28. One end of the lower die sleeve 22 is fixed on the lower die plate 21, and the other end is sleeved outside the forming lower die 24. The lower die pressure block 23 is arranged between the lower die plate 21 and the forming lower die 24. The forming lower die 24 comprises a lower die outer ring 241, a lower die middle ring 242 and a lower die core 243 from outside to inside. The lower die core 243 is provided with the lower die upper slide block 25 and the lower die lower slide block 26 in the inner cavity. The lower part of the lower die middle ring 242 is in contact with the inner cavity side wall of the lower die sleeve 22. The lower die outer ring 241 is arranged outside the upper part of the lower die middle ring 242, and the lower die outer ring 241 outwardly extends and can be clamped above the lower die sleeve 22. The top height of the lower die middle ring 242 is higher than that of the lower die outer ring 241. The lower die upper slide block 25 and the lower die lower slide block 26 combine to form the forming shape of the workpiece in the lower die core 243. The guide sleeve 27 is sleeved outside the top of the lower die middle ring 242, and the guide sleeve 27 is pressed on the lower die outer ring 241. A step is arranged outside the guide sleeve 27, and the pressing plate 28 is annularly pressed on the step of the guide sleeve 27. The pressing plate 28 is fixedly connected with the lower die sleeve 22 through fixing bolts.

[0086] In one embodiment, the upper cavity of the lower mold core 243 is in the shape of an inverted cone, and the lower cavity of the lower mold core 243 is in the shape of a cylinder, the top of the lower cavity of the cylinder is provided with a chamfered stop 244, and the diameter of the lower cavity of the cylinder is greater than the diameter of the bottom of the upper cavity of the inverted cone.

[0087] In one embodiment, the upper mold slide 25 is arranged in the upper cavity of the lower mold core 243, and the lower mold slide 26 is arranged in the lower cavity of the lower mold core 243, the position where the upper mold slide 25 and the lower mold slide 26 contact is arranged as the first boss area, and the contact surface of the upper mold slide 25 and the lower mold slide 26 is the top horizontal surface of the first boss.

[0088] In one embodiment, the outer side of the upper mold slide 25 is arranged in the shape of an inverted cone matching the upper cavity of the lower mold core 243, the upper mold slide 25 is arranged in a four-part structure, and the first connecting spring 251 is arranged between adjacent upper mold slides 25, and the normal state of the first connecting spring 251 is a compressed state.

[0089] The upper diameter of the lower mold slide 26 is the same as the diameter of the bottom of the upper cavity of the lower mold core 243, the middle of the lower mold slide 26 is provided with a protruding part 261, the diameter of the protruding part 261 is the same as the diameter of the lower cavity of the lower mold core 243, the protruding part 261 can be clamped with the chamfered stop 244 at the top of the lower cavity to prevent the lower mold slide 26 from continuing to move upward, the lower diameter of the lower mold slide 26 is smaller than the diameter of the protruding part 261, and the lower outer side of the lower mold slide 26 is sleeved with a second connecting spring 262, and the normal state of the second connecting spring 262 is a compressed state.

[0090] The present application has the advantages of net shaping design, reducing machining allowance, reducing the use of raw materials, gradually increasing the strength of the workpiece by using forging process, etc.

[0091] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the description of the present application, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in the present application.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications and alterations of the embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cold forging process for an output shaft, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Blanking: Cutting the raw material into a cylindrical workpiece to prepare for the next process; S2, Normalizing: Softens the workpiece material, optimizes the material structure of the workpiece, controls the material hardness of the workpiece, and prepares it for subsequent forging; S3, Preparing: Remove the oxide layer and defects from the surface of the workpiece to prepare for subsequent shot blasting and phosphating; S4, first shot blasting and phosphating; S5, Forward Extrusion: Initially extrudes region A below the first boss of the workpiece to obtain the deformation and strength of forward extrusion; S6, Reduction: Initially extrude the workpiece in region B where the first boss is located, region C between the top of the first boss and the second boss, and region D above the second boss to obtain the deformation and strength of the reduced diameter. Regions C and D are columnar bodies after reduction. S7, second shot blasting and phosphating; S8, Pre-forming: Extruding regions A, B, and D to obtain the final product dimensions and strength; S9, Forming: The C region is extruded and formed to obtain the final product dimensions and strength. In the forward extrusion step, the deformation of region A of the workpiece is controlled at around 42%, and the hardness of region A is increased by 35-50 HB. During the diameter reduction step, the deformation of regions B, C, and D is controlled at around 28%, and the hardness of regions B, C, and D is increased by 25-35 HB. In the preforming step The deformation in region A is controlled at around 8%, and the hardness of region A is increased by 5-12 HB. The deformation in region B is controlled at around 51%, and the hardness of region B is increased by 38-55 HB. The deformation in region D is controlled at around 25%, and the hardness of region D is increased by 20-32 HB. In the forming step The deformation of the second boss area in region C is controlled at around 55%, and the hardness of the second boss area is increased by 40-65 HB. The deformation of the first step area below the second boss is controlled at around 32%, and the hardness of the first step area is increased by 30-45 HB. The deformation of the second step area below the first step is controlled at around 7%, and the hardness of the second step area is increased by 5-12 HB.

2. The cold forging process for the output shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the normalizing process, the workpiece hardness is controlled between 165-190 HB.

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