Enclosed laser shock peening water confinement layer application apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a closed laser shock peening water confinement layer applying device, which comprises a structure closing module, an angle adjusting module and a water confinement layer applying module; the structure closing module comprises a shell and a deformation cover, the rear end of the deformation cover is fixedly installed on the shell, the opening and closing angle of the front end of the deformation cover is adjustable, the shell and the deformation cover constitute an isolated cavity which is open at the front side and has an adjustable opening and closing angle and is closed at the rear side; the angle adjusting module is installed on the shell and is used for adjusting the opening and closing angle of the deformation cover; the water confinement layer applying module comprises a water pumping pump used for conveying deionized water into the isolated cavity and a vacuum pump used for pumping the deionized water in the isolated cavity out; the application further discloses a closed laser shock peening water confinement layer applying method, which is based on the closed laser shock peening water confinement layer applying device; the whole device and method have the characteristics of simple principle, strong operability, controllable water flow, wide structure applicability and good engineering practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser shock peening technology, and relates to a closed laser shock peening water confinement layer application device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Laser Shock Peening (LSP) is a surface plastic strengthening technology that uses short-pulse (nanosecond, or even picosecond / femtosecond) high-power (GW-level) lasers to interact with matter to generate high-pressure (GPa-level) plasma shock waves. The mechanical effects of the shock waves cause plastic deformation of the surface of the metal material, resulting in residual compressive stress and improved microstructure, thereby significantly improving the material's fatigue resistance, wear resistance, and stress corrosion resistance.

[0003] Laser shock peening technology consists of a pulsed laser, an absorbing protective layer (commonly black tape), a transparent confinement layer (commonly a water curtain), and a metal material / workpiece. The absorbing protective layer is applied to the surface of the metal material / workpiece, and its main function is to absorb laser energy and protect the metal material / workpiece from laser ablation. The confinement layer is applied on top of the absorbing protective layer, and its main function is to confine the plasma expansion process and significantly increase the shock wave pressure amplitude experienced by the metal material / workpiece. The basic physical process of laser shock peening is as follows: the pulsed laser passes through the transparent confinement layer and irradiates the absorbing protective layer. The laser energy is absorbed by the absorbing protective layer, causing explosive vaporization and evaporation to form a high-temperature, high-pressure plasma. The plasma continues to absorb laser energy and expands, forming a high-pressure shock wave propagating into the material under the action of the confinement layer. When the shock wave pressure exceeds the dynamic yield limit of the material, plastic deformation occurs.

[0004] Laser shock reinforcement of the confinement layer often uses water flow, but due to the characteristics of water flow, there are often problems such as water layer flow, splashing, difficulty in thorough cleaning, and even affecting the usability of related compartments.

[0005] To solve the above problems, there is an urgent need for a controllable, precise, and rapid method and apparatus for applying a water-constrained layer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a closed laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer application device and method. The device has a closed structural module that can provide an isolation cavity with an adjustable opening angle on the front and a closed rear. It can apply a water confinement layer to the internal structure of an aircraft while ensuring that the water flow is controllable and does not flow out, and can adapt to the parts to be treated with different curvatures, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] This invention discloses a closed-loop laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer application device, comprising:

[0008] A structural enclosure module includes a housing and a deformable cover. The rear end of the deformable cover is fixedly installed on the housing, and the opening angle of the front end of the deformable cover is adjustable. The housing and the deformable cover form an isolation cavity with a front opening and an adjustable opening angle and a rear closed side.

[0009] An angle adjustment module is installed on the housing to adjust the opening and closing angle of the deformable cover.

[0010] The water confinement layer application module includes a pump for delivering deionized water into the isolation chamber and a vacuum pump for extracting the deionized water from the isolation chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an optical control module. The structural enclosure module also includes a light-transmitting partition. The light-transmitting partition is disposed in the isolation cavity and divides the isolation cavity into a water-constrained layer cavity and an optical mirror cavity. The optical control module includes a transmission optical cable, a focusing optical mirror, and an optical galvanometer. The transmission optical cable passes through the outer side of the housing and extends to the optical mirror cavity for emitting laser light. The focusing optical mirror and the optical galvanometer are arranged sequentially and coaxially along the transmission direction of the laser light.

[0012] Furthermore, the water constraint layer application module also includes an inlet valve and a water inlet pipe. The water pump is connected to the water constraint layer cavity through the water inlet pipe to deliver deionized water into the water constraint layer cavity. The inlet valve is installed on the water inlet pipe to control the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the water confinement layer application module also includes an outlet valve and an outlet pipe. The vacuum pump is connected to the water confinement layer cavity through the outlet pipe to extract deionized water from the water confinement layer cavity. The outlet valve is installed on the outlet pipe to control the opening and closing of the outlet pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the structural enclosure module also includes a fixing component for fixing the housing in a set position. The fixing component includes a fixing rod and a fixing suction cup. The length of the fixing rod is adjustable. The fixing rod is installed on the housing, and the fixing suction cup is installed at the end of the fixing rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the periphery of the housing is also provided with a sealing ring for improving sealing performance and a handle for easy gripping.

[0016] Furthermore, the angle adjustment module consists of multiple telescopic rods, each having a fixed end and a driving end. The fixed end is installed on the housing, and the driving end is installed on the front periphery of the deformable cover. The multiple telescopic rods extend and retract respectively to change the opening and closing angle of the front end of the deformable cover.

[0017] This invention also discloses a method for applying a closed-loop laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer. This method is based on the aforementioned closed-loop laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer application device, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Confirm the location of the part to be processed, and adjust the deformation cover through the angle adjustment module so that the front side of the isolation cavity conforms to the part to be processed;

[0019] S2: Apply pressure to the housing with the handle to make the suction cup and sealing ring adhere to the surface of the part to be treated;

[0020] S3: Open the inlet valve and the water pump, and send deionized water into the water confinement layer cavity through the water pump to fill the water confinement layer cavity to form a water confinement layer.

[0021] S4: Connect the transmission optical cable to the laser shock strengthening equipment. The pulsed laser generated by the laser shock strengthening equipment is irradiated onto the surface of the part to be treated after passing through the transmission optical fiber, focusing optical mirror, optical galvanometer, light-transmitting partition and water confinement layer. The optical galvanometer is adjusted in real time to perform laser shock strengthening on the part to be treated.

[0022] S5: After laser shock strengthening is completed, open the outlet valve and vacuum pump. The vacuum pump will quickly discharge the deionized water from the water confinement cavity.

[0023] Furthermore, in S1, the surface of the part to be treated is covered with an absorbent protective layer.

[0024] Furthermore, in S4, the light-transmitting partition is light-transmitting glass.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] This invention discloses a closed-loop laser shock peening (LSP) device and method for applying a water constraint layer. The method achieves closed-loop application of the water constraint layer by ensuring complete contact between the structurally enclosed module and the surface of the area to be treated. An optical control module facilitates laser shock peening. A water pump and a vacuum pump enable rapid application and removal of the water constraint layer. This invention achieves rapid application of the water constraint layer and controlled, closed-loop water flow during LSP peening of aircraft internal structures. The entire device and method are characterized by simple principle, strong operability, controllable water flow, wide structural applicability, and good engineering practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the water curtain layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Flowchart of the method of this invention;

[0030] Figure reference numerals: 1. Large main load-bearing frame of aircraft; 2. Part to be treated; 3. Absorbing protective layer; 4. Shell; 5. Sealing ring; 6. Handle; 7. Mobile laser shock blasting equipment; 8. Transmission optical fiber; 9. Focusing lens; 10. Optical galvanometer; 11. Light-transmitting partition; 12. Water confinement cavity; 13. Inlet valve; 14. Water pipe; 15. Water pump; 16. Vacuum pump; 17. Fixing rod; 18. Deformation cover; 19. Telescopic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the water curtain layer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 Flowchart of the method of the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Large main load-bearing frame of aircraft, 2. Part to be treated, 3. Absorbing protective layer, 4. Shell, 5. Sealing ring, 6. Handle, 7. Mobile laser shock blasting equipment, 8. Transmission optical fiber, 9. Focusing lens, 10. Optical galvanometer, 11. Light-transmitting partition, 12. Water confinement cavity, 13. Inlet valve, 14. Water pipe, 15. Water pump, 16. Vacuum pump, 17. Fixing rod, 18. Deformation cover, 19. Telescopic rod.

[0032] It should be noted that in the description of this specification, the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Unless otherwise specified, "front side" refers to the side closer to the part to be processed.

[0033] As shown in the figure, this invention discloses a closed-loop laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer application device, comprising:

[0034] The structural enclosure module includes a housing 4 and a deformable cover 18. In this embodiment, the deformable cover 18 is made of flexible tarpaulin, which can be adjusted and deformed with multiple degrees of freedom. The rear end of the deformable cover 18 is fixedly installed on the housing 4, and the opening angle of the front end of the deformable cover 18 is adjustable. The housing 4 and the deformable cover 18 form an isolation cavity with an adjustable front opening and a closed rear. In use, the opening of the isolation cavity faces the part to be treated, and the opening angle is adjusted so that the periphery of the front opening of the isolation cavity can fit against the surface of the part to be treated, thereby forming a closed cavity structure at the part to be treated. As shown in the figure, the housing 4 is a semi-open box structure with an unclosed upper and front. The deformable cover 18 is set on the housing 4 mainly to close its upper part. The opening angle of its front end is adjustable, which can better adapt to the parts to be treated 2 with different curvatures, so as to ensure that the isolation cavity can completely isolate the parts to be treated 2, thereby realizing the constraint and control of the water constraint layer. The opening angle of the front opening of the deformable cover can be adjusted manually or using a dedicated adjustment component. Since the deformable cover is made of flexible fabric, its deformation is easily achieved, and the deformation method is based on existing technology; therefore, it will not be elaborated further.

[0035] An angle adjustment module is installed on the housing 4 to adjust the opening and closing angle of the deformable cover 18.

[0036] The water confinement layer application module includes a water pump 15 for supplying deionized water into the isolation chamber and a vacuum pump 16 for extracting the deionized water from the isolation chamber. By pumping water into the isolation chamber by the water pump 15, the chamber is filled with deionized water, thus forming a water confinement layer. When it is necessary to remove the water confinement layer, it can be extracted using a centrifugal pump, which is convenient, efficient, and has a simple structure.

[0037] In this embodiment, an optical control module is also included. The enclosed structural module further includes a light-transmitting partition 11, which is disposed in the isolation cavity and divides the isolation cavity into a water-constrained layer cavity 12 and an optical mirror cavity. The optical control module includes a transmission optical cable, a focusing mirror 9, and an optical galvanometer 10. The transmission optical cable passes through the exterior of the housing 4 and extends to the optical mirror cavity for emitting laser light. The focusing mirror 9 and the optical galvanometer 10 are arranged sequentially and coaxially along the laser transmission direction. The optical control module is provided to facilitate laser shock peening. In actual use, laser shock peening can be carried out simply by connecting the laser generator, such as the laser emission port of the mobile laser shock peening device 7, to the transmission optical cable. During setup, the transmission optical cable is positioned in the middle of the width of the housing 4 to ensure that the area to be treated 2 can be fully irradiated when laser light is applied for peening.

[0038] In this embodiment, the water confinement layer application module further includes an inlet valve 13 and a water inlet pipe 14. The water pump 15 is connected to the water confinement layer cavity 12 through the water inlet pipe 14 to deliver deionized water into the water confinement layer cavity 12. The inlet valve 13 is installed on the water inlet pipe 14 to control the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe 14. In this embodiment, the water confinement layer application module further includes an outlet valve and an outlet pipe 14. The vacuum pump 16 is connected to the water confinement layer cavity 12 through the outlet pipe 14 to extract the deionized water from the water confinement layer cavity 12. The outlet valve is installed on the outlet pipe 14 to control the opening and closing of the outlet pipe 14. A water confinement layer is formed by injecting deionized water into the water confinement cavity 12. In this embodiment, the outlet valve and inlet valve 13 are solenoid valves. Solenoid valves have a fast response and are easy to control. As shown in the figure, the inlet valve 13 and the outlet valve are respectively installed on both sides of the housing 4. The water inlet pipe 14 and the water outlet pipe 14 are respectively connected to the two valves. In this embodiment, the water inlet pipe 14 and the water outlet pipe 14 are water pipes of the same diameter, which makes it easier to install and use later.

[0039] In this embodiment, the structural enclosure module further includes a fixing component for fixing the housing 4 to a set position. The fixing component includes a fixing rod 17 and a fixing suction cup. The length of the fixing rod 17 is adjustable. The fixing rod 17 is installed on the housing 4, and the fixing suction cup is installed at the end of the fixing rod 17. As shown in the figure, the fixing rod 17 has an "L"-shaped structure, and the fixing suction cup at its end can be adsorbed onto the surface of the part 2 to be treated, thus fixing the housing 4 to the set position. In this embodiment, the set position is the part to be treated. The adjustable length of the fixing rod 17 is to accommodate parts with different structures and shapes. Multiple sets of fixing components can be set simultaneously to ensure that the housing 4 can be fixedly installed at the part to be treated during the application of the water confinement layer and laser-enhanced impact.

[0040] In this embodiment, the periphery of the housing 4 is also provided with a sealing ring 5 for improving sealing performance and a handle 6 for easy gripping.

[0041] In this embodiment, the angle adjustment module consists of multiple telescopic rods 19. Each telescopic rod 19 has a fixed end and a driving end. The fixed end is installed on the housing 4, and the driving end is installed on the periphery of the front end of the deformable cover 18. The multiple telescopic rods 19 extend and retract respectively to change the opening and closing angle of the front end of the deformable cover 18. "Exclusive extension and retraction" means that each telescopic rod 19 has a different extension and retraction amount to ensure that the opening and closing angle can be adjusted to the design requirements.

[0042] This embodiment will take the large main load-bearing frame 1 of an aircraft as the implementation object and elaborate on a method for applying a closed laser shock reinforced water confinement layer. This method is based on the aforementioned closed laser shock reinforced water confinement layer application device.

[0043] Fatigue cracks are prone to occur at the upper corner of the large main load-bearing bulkhead 1 of the aircraft. Since this position is inside the aircraft, the water confinement layer is prone to flow around during the laser shock strengthening process, which is difficult to control and affects the function of the aircraft bulkhead 1. The raw material of the bulkhead 1 is TC4 titanium alloy, and the curvature R of the upper corner of the bulkhead 1 is 5mm. The above is the background of this embodiment.

[0044] A method for applying a closed laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer specifically includes the following steps:

[0045] S1: Identify the specific location of the part to be treated 2 at the top corner of the large internal bulkhead 1 of the aircraft, and apply 3M black tape as an absorbent protective layer 3 to the corner R area. Based on the spatial characteristics of the surrounding structure of the top corner of the bulkhead 1, adjust the opening and closing angle of the front end of the deformable cover 18 through the angle adjustment module so that the front side of the isolation cavity conforms to the part to be treated 2.

[0046] S2: Press the structural sealing module to the top corner of the partition frame 1 by holding the handle 6, so that the entire structural sealing module faces the corner area covered with black tape, i.e. the part to be treated 2, and adjust the length adjustment knob on the fixing component so that the suction cup on the auxiliary fixing device is completely attached to the part to be treated, thereby enhancing the fit and airtightness of the device; apply pressure to the housing 4 by holding the handle 6 so that the fixing suction cup and the sealing ring 5 are attached to the surface of the part to be treated 2.

[0047] S3: Open the inlet valve 13 and the water pump 15, and send deionized water into the water confinement cavity 12 through the water pump 15 to fill the water confinement cavity 12 to form a water confinement layer. The water confinement cavity 12 is filled with deionized water to form a water confinement layer, ensuring the smooth propagation of the pulsed laser in the water confinement cavity 12.

[0048] S4: Connect the transmission optical cable to the mobile laser shock strengthening equipment 7, start the mobile laser shock strengthening equipment 7, and set the laser shock strengthening process parameters as follows: wavelength 1064nm, pulse width 20ns, pulse energy 6J, spot size 3mm, laser power density 4.24GW / cm2. The pulsed laser generated by the mobile laser shock strengthening equipment 7 is irradiated onto the surface of the area to be treated 2 after passing through the transmission optical fiber 8, focusing lens 9, optical galvanometer 10, light-transmitting partition 11, and water confinement layer. The optical galvanometer 10 is adjusted in real time to perform laser shock strengthening surface treatment on the area to be treated. By controlling the deflection of the optical galvanometer 10, the pulsed laser can perform laser shock strengthening on the entire area to be treated, and the spot overlap rate is controlled to be 50%. The deflection of the optical galvanometer 10 is a reference to existing technology here and will not be described in detail.

[0049] S5: After the laser shock strengthening is completed, open the outlet valve and vacuum pump 16. Vacuum pump 16 will quickly discharge the deionized water in water confinement cavity 12.

[0050] If the area to be processed is too large to be processed in one go, move shell 4 and repeat S1-S5 until all the parts to be processed are fully reinforced.

[0051] In this embodiment, in step S1, an absorbent protective layer 3 is provided on the surface of the part to be treated 2. Whether or not the absorbent protective layer is applied can be determined according to actual needs. When setting the absorbent protective layer 3, the application and inspection of the absorbent protective layer 3 of the entire part to be treated 2 need to be completed before step S1.

[0052] In this embodiment, in S4, the light-transmitting partition 11 is light-transmitting glass.

[0053] In this embodiment, a controller is also provided to control the device of the present invention, such as the opening and closing of the inlet valve 13 and the outlet valve, the start and stop of the water pump 15 and the vacuum pump 16, and the deflection of the optical galvanometer 10. All of these can be connected to this controller. Even the control of the laser shock peening equipment can be connected to this controller to achieve centralized control, which is convenient for operation and use. This is a reference to the prior art here, and will not be elaborated here.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A closed-loop laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer application device, characterized in that: include: A structural enclosure module includes a housing and a deformable cover. The rear end of the deformable cover is fixedly installed on the housing, and the opening angle of the front end of the deformable cover is adjustable. The housing and the deformable cover form an isolation cavity with a front opening and an adjustable opening angle and a rear closed side. The deformable cover is made of flexible tarpaulin; An angle adjustment module, which is installed on the housing to adjust the opening and closing angle of the deformable cover; The water confinement layer application module includes a pump for delivering deionized water into the isolation chamber and a vacuum pump for extracting the deionized water from the isolation chamber. It also includes an optical control module. The structural enclosure module further includes a light-transmitting partition. The light-transmitting partition is disposed in the isolation cavity and divides the isolation cavity into a water-constrained layer cavity and an optical mirror cavity. The optical control module includes a transmission optical cable, a focusing optical mirror, and an optical galvanometer. The transmission optical cable passes through the outer side of the housing and extends to the optical mirror cavity for emitting laser. The focusing optical mirror and the optical galvanometer are arranged sequentially and coaxially along the transmission direction of the laser. The water confinement layer application module also includes an inlet valve and a water inlet pipe. The water pump is connected to the water confinement layer cavity through the water inlet pipe to deliver deionized water into the water confinement layer cavity. The inlet valve is installed on the water inlet pipe to control the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe. The water confinement layer application module also includes an outlet valve and an outlet pipe. The vacuum pump is connected to the water confinement layer cavity through the outlet pipe to extract deionized water from the water confinement layer cavity. The outlet valve is installed on the outlet pipe to control the opening and closing of the outlet pipe. The angle adjustment module consists of multiple telescopic rods, each having a fixed end and a driving end. The fixed end is installed on the housing, and the driving end is installed on the front periphery of the deformable cover. The multiple telescopic rods extend and retract respectively to change the opening and closing angle of the front end of the deformable cover.

2. The closed-type laser shock induced water confinement layer application device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosed structural module also includes a fixing component for fixing the housing in a set position. The fixing component includes a fixing rod and a fixing suction cup. The length of the fixing rod is adjustable. The fixing rod is installed on the housing, and the fixing suction cup is installed at the end of the fixing rod.

3. The closed-type laser shock peening enhanced water confinement layer application device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periphery of the housing is also provided with a sealing ring to improve sealing performance and a handle for easy gripping.

4. A method for applying a closed-loop laser shock osmosis-enhanced water confinement layer, the method being based on the closed-loop laser shock osmosis-enhanced water confinement layer application device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The method specifically includes the following steps: S1: Confirm the location of the part to be processed, and adjust the deformation cover through the angle adjustment module so that the front side of the isolation cavity conforms to the part to be processed; S2: Apply pressure to the housing with the handle to make the suction cup and sealing ring adhere to the surface of the part to be treated; S3: Open the inlet valve and the water pump, and send deionized water into the water confinement layer cavity through the water pump to fill the water confinement layer cavity to form a water confinement layer. S4: Connect the transmission optical cable to the laser shock strengthening equipment. The pulsed laser generated by the laser shock strengthening equipment is irradiated onto the surface of the part to be treated after passing through the transmission optical fiber, focusing optical mirror, optical galvanometer, light-transmitting partition and water confinement layer. The optical galvanometer is adjusted in real time to perform laser shock strengthening on the part to be treated. S5: After laser shock strengthening is completed, open the outlet valve and vacuum pump. The vacuum pump will quickly discharge the deionized water from the water confinement cavity.

5. The method for applying a closed laser shock-enhanced water confinement layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S1, the surface of the part to be treated is covered with an absorbent protective layer.

6. The method for applying a closed laser shock-enhanced water confinement layer according to claim 4, characterized in that: In S4, the light-transmitting partition is light-transmitting glass.

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