A basement foundation pit slope supporting structure and a construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a basement foundation pit slope supporting structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of building construction. The technical scheme is as follows: a slope surface is formed on the foundation pit slope; the supporting structure comprises horizontal rods, protective covers and first anchor rods; one end of the first anchor rod is fixedly connected with the horizontal rod, and the other end is fixed in the soil of the slope surface; one end of the protective cover is rotatably connected with the horizontal rod, and the other end is slidably connected with a second anchor rod which can be hammered into the soil of the slope surface; the protective covers on each horizontal rod are arranged in multiple along the length direction of the slope surface; a bolt rod is detachably connected between every two adjacent protective covers in the width direction and the length direction of the slope surface; a concrete pouring cavity is formed between the protective cover and the slope surface; and a pouring opening which is in communication with the concrete pouring cavity is arranged on the top side of the protective cover. The application has the advantages of convenient and fast construction and good supporting stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and more specifically, to a basement foundation pit slope support structure and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Slope protection technology is a technique used in civil engineering construction to support and protect the surrounding environment. It is an important measure to improve the quality and safety of foundation pit construction in civil engineering projects. It is also essential for ensuring the stability of the soil around the foundation pit and providing sufficient space for basement construction, which is a necessary condition for both earthwork excavation and basement construction.

[0003] Chinese patent CN116733001A discloses a foundation pit slope support structure and construction method. The key technical points are: a slope forming a slope surface, with several anchor holes on the slope surface and anchor rods fixedly installed inside; a steel mesh laid on the slope surface and connected to the anchor rods; a concrete layer on the steel mesh and slope surface; several water filter pipes on the slope surface; and multiple slope sheet piles arranged laterally along the slope surface, with at least one row of slope sheet piles. The main construction method involves vertically driving slope sheet piles into the initially constructed slope surface and arranging multiple slope sheet piles laterally along the slope surface.

[0004] While the above methods can improve the stability of the slope and prevent the slope from sliding due to soil quality or water accumulation, thus improving the reliability and safety of slope support, the construction methods used are similar to the traditional steel mesh and concrete spraying method. Both require the installation of steel mesh over a large area on site. This means that construction workers need to spend a long time on the slope tying the steel mesh, which is difficult and inefficient, and also increases the risk of workers falling.

[0005] Meanwhile, during actual construction, there may be situations where the excavation of the foundation pit is stopped for a period of time after reaching a certain depth. In order to prevent slope collapse accidents, it is necessary to support and protect the slope. However, if the above-mentioned support structure is used, when the excavation of the lower soil continues, the upper support structure that has been completed can easily affect the excavation of the lower soil. Of course, some known technologies have support structures that can be moved upwards a certain distance to avoid the excavation equipment when excavating the lower soil. However, such support structures are generally complex and difficult to construct. Moreover, moving the support structure upwards can easily damage the overall stability of the slope soil.

[0006] Therefore, a new solution is needed to address this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a basement foundation pit slope support structure and construction method, which has the advantages of convenient and quick construction and good support stability.

[0008] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a basement foundation pit slope support structure, wherein a slope surface is formed on the foundation pit slope, the support structure includes a horizontal bar, a cover and a first anchor rod, the horizontal bar extends along the length direction of the slope surface and is arranged in multiple intervals along the width direction of the slope surface, one end of the first anchor rod is fixedly connected to the horizontal bar and the other end is fixed in the soil of the slope surface, one end of the cover is rotatably connected to the horizontal bar and the other end is slidably connected to a second anchor rod that can be hammered into the soil of the slope surface, multiple covers on each horizontal bar are arranged along the length direction of the slope surface, a bolt is detachably connected between each two adjacent covers in the width direction and the length direction of the slope surface, there is a gap between each two adjacent covers in the width direction of the slope surface, a concrete pouring cavity is formed between the cover and the slope surface, and a pouring port communicating with the concrete pouring cavity is provided on the top side of the cover.

[0009] In one embodiment, the crossbar includes multiple steel pipes arranged along the length of the slope and a butt joint fastener that connects and fixes each pair of adjacent steel pipes. The crossbar is fixedly connected to the first anchor rod by a cross joint fastener.

[0010] In one embodiment, the cover includes a cover plate and a surrounding plate surrounding the cover plate. The surrounding plate is located on the side near the slope. Hooks are fixedly connected to the top two sides of the cover plate. The hooks are rotatably hung on a crossbar. A guide limiting piece is fixedly connected to the end of the hook near its opening, which can guide and limit the crossbar within the hook. The guide limiting piece is an arc-shaped metal spring. The pouring port is a long slot opened on the surrounding plate located on the top side of the cover.

[0011] In one embodiment, a steel mesh plate is provided on the opposite side of the slope on the cover plate, and diagonal bracing plates are fixedly connected between the steel mesh plates. The distance between the steel mesh plate and the cover plate is greater than the height of the enclosure plate. The steel mesh plate, diagonal bracing plates and the cover plate form a Z-shape. When the diagonal bracing plates are subjected to force, they can produce deformation that causes the steel mesh plate and the cover plate to move closer to each other. Several anchor nails are provided on the side of the steel mesh plate near the slope.

[0012] In one embodiment, a concrete layer is provided inside the concrete pouring cavity, and the steel mesh plate and the diagonal bracing plate are covered within the concrete layer.

[0013] In one embodiment, the support structure further includes a third anchor rod, and the cover is provided with a plurality of anchor holes at a relative position to the slope surface and a puncturable sealing layer that seals the plurality of anchor holes. The third anchor rod penetrates the puncturable sealing layer and is inserted into the soil of the slope surface.

[0014] In one embodiment, a bolt is welded to the cover, the bolt has a connecting hole through which it can be inserted, and a nut for fixing the bolt is threaded onto the bolt.

[0015] A construction method for a basement foundation pit slope protection structure, comprising any of the aforementioned basement foundation pit slope protection structures, further comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Initially construct the slope surface;

[0017] S2. Install crossbars: Hammer the first anchor into the slope according to the target spacing, attach the crossbar to the end of the first anchor away from the slope, and fix the crossbar and the first anchor in place with cross couplers;

[0018] S3. Install protective covers: Install multiple protective covers side by side on each horizontal bar, and hammer the second anchor rod on the protective cover into the soil of the slope so that the protective cover covers the slope.

[0019] S4. Install the bolts: Secure the bolts between every two adjacent caps in the width and length directions of the slope.

[0020] S5. Avoiding excavation equipment: When the excavation equipment is excavating the next layer of soil, first remove the bolts and second anchors on the bottom cover, then flip the bottom cover upwards around the top crossbar so that the bottom cover is away from the soil to be excavated, so that the excavation equipment can continue to excavate the lower layer of soil. After the bottom cover is flipped, it can be temporarily tied and fixed to the upper cover with wire.

[0021] S6. Restoring support: After the excavation of the lower layer of soil is completed, the bottom cover is flipped down and reset, and the bolts and second anchors on the bottom cover are reinstalled. Then, steps S1 to S4 are repeated to install the support structure for the next layer of slope.

[0022] S7. Complete subsequent support: Repeat steps S1 to S6 to complete the excavation and support of the entire basement foundation pit slope.

[0023] In one embodiment, after step S4 is completed, concrete is poured into the cover except for the lowest cover at the current excavation depth, so that the concrete solidifies into layers in the concrete pouring cavity. After the entire foundation pit slope is excavated, concrete is poured into the cover located at the toe of the foundation pit slope.

[0024] In one embodiment, after completing step S4, the protective cover corresponding to the relatively soft slope can be reinforced. The specific reinforcement method is to penetrate the sealing layer with the third anchor rod and hammer it into the soil.

[0025] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. In this invention, the crossbar, cover, first anchor and second anchor can all be factory-customized and can be modularly installed on site. Construction workers do not need to tie or weld steel mesh on the slope. It has the advantages of convenient and quick installation and high construction efficiency. In addition, during the construction process, construction workers can use the crossbar as a support point to reduce the risk of falling and effectively improve the safety of construction.

[0027] 2. By rotating the cover and the crossbar, the cover can be flipped upwards when excavating the lower soil layer, so that the bottom cover is away from the soil to be excavated, thus avoiding the support structure from affecting the excavation of the lower soil layer. Moreover, only the bottom cover is flipped, which is not easy to damage the overall stability of the slope soil. It is also simple to operate and convenient and quick to construct.

[0028] 3. By setting up several protective covers, and setting up a concrete pouring cavity in each protective cover, a concrete layer can be poured into the concrete pouring cavity to enhance the stability of the protective cover for slope support. It can divide the slope into several small blocks, so that the shear stress of the slope can be distributed to each small block, making it less likely for the entire support structure to fail and cause large-scale landslides. Furthermore, by setting up bolts, all the protective covers on the side away from the slope are connected as one unit, so that the protective covers have mutual traction force, which is conducive to improving the overall stability of the slope support. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basement foundation pit slope support structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front structural diagram of the protective cover in the basement foundation pit slope support structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the protective cover in the basement foundation pit slope support structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the protective cover in the basement foundation pit slope support structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating the construction method of the basement foundation pit slope support structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Slope; 2. Crossbar; 3. Protective cover; 31. Cover plate; 32. Enclosure plate; 321. Pouring port; 33. Hook; 34. Guide limiting plate; 35. Reinforcing mesh plate; 351. Anchor nail; 36. Diagonal brace plate; 4. First anchor rod; 5. Second anchor rod; 6. Bolt rod; 7. Bolt; 8. Pierceable sealing layer. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a basement foundation pit slope support structure, on which a slope surface 1 is formed. The support structure includes crossbars 2, caps 3, and first anchor bolts 4. The crossbars 2 extend along the length direction of the slope surface 1, and multiple crossbars 2 are spaced apart along the width direction of the slope surface 1. One end of the first anchor bolt 4 is fixedly connected to the crossbar 2, and the other end is fixed to the soil of the slope surface 1. One end of the cap 3 is rotatably connected to the crossbar 2, and the other end is slidably connected to a second anchor bolt 5 that can be hammered into the soil of the slope surface 1. The second anchor bolt 5 can specifically be a soil nail. Multiple caps 3 on each crossbar 2 are arranged along the length direction of the slope surface 1. To reduce soil loss, the gap between two adjacent caps 3 along the length direction of the slope surface 1 is small. A bolt 6 is detachably connected between each two adjacent caps 3 in the width and length directions of the slope surface 1. There is a gap between every two adjacent protective covers 3 in the width direction of the slope 1. This gap is a clearance gap, which is sufficient to allow the protective cover 3 to flip normally. After the overall support structure is erected, concrete can be sprayed at this gap to prevent soil loss. A concrete pouring cavity is formed between the protective cover 3 and the slope 1. A pouring port 321 communicating with the concrete pouring cavity is provided on the top side of the protective cover 3.

[0037] In the above setup, the crossbar 2, the cover 3, the first anchor 4 and the second anchor 5 can all be factory-customized and can be modularly installed on site. Construction workers do not need to tie or weld the steel mesh on the slope 1. It has the advantages of convenient and quick installation and high construction efficiency. In addition, during the construction process, construction workers can use the crossbar 2 as a support point, which reduces the risk of falling and effectively improves the safety of construction.

[0038] By rotating the cover 3 to the crossbar 2, when excavating the lower soil, the cover 3 can be flipped upwards, so that the bottom cover 3 is away from the soil to be excavated, thus avoiding the support structure from affecting the excavation of the lower soil. Moreover, only the bottom cover 3 is flipped, which is not easy to damage the overall stability of the slope 1 soil. The operation is simple and the construction is convenient and quick.

[0039] By setting up several protective covers 3 and setting up a concrete pouring cavity in each protective cover 3, a concrete layer can be poured into the concrete pouring cavity to enhance the stability of the protective cover 3 in supporting the slope 1. This can divide the slope 1 into several small blocks, so that the shear stress of the slope 1 can be distributed to each small block, making it less likely for the entire support structure to fail and cause a large-scale landslide on the slope 1. Furthermore, by setting up bolts 6, all the protective covers 3 on the side away from the slope 1 are connected as one unit, so that the protective covers 3 have mutual traction force, which is conducive to improving the overall stability of the slope 1 support.

[0040] In this embodiment, the crossbar 2 includes multiple steel pipes arranged along the length of the slope 1 and a butt joint fastener that connects and fixes each pair of adjacent steel pipes. The crossbar 2 is fixedly connected to the first anchor rod 4 through a cross joint fastener.

[0041] Specifically, when the length of slope 1 is relatively long and the length of a single steel pipe cannot meet the requirements, multiple steel pipes are connected by butt couplers to form the target crossbar 2. The first anchor rod 4 can be in the form of a steel pipe, which is hammered into the soil by engineering machinery. The butt couplers and cross couplers are commonly used couplers in the construction field, but they are not shown in the figure.

[0042] In this embodiment, the cover 3 includes a cover plate 31 and a surrounding plate 32 surrounding the cover plate 31. The surrounding plate 32 is located on the side close to the slope 1. Hooks 33 are fixedly connected to the top two sides of the cover plate 31 respectively. The hooks 33 are rotatably hung on the crossbar 2. A guide limiting piece 34 is fixedly connected to the end of the hook 33 near its opening, which can guide and limit the crossbar 2 within the hook 33. The guide limiting piece 34 is an arc-shaped metal spring. The pouring port 321 is a long strip groove opened on the surrounding plate 32 located on the top side of the cover 3.

[0043] Specifically, the cover 3 can be integrally formed by stamping thin steel plate.

[0044] With the above structure, during construction, the connection between the cover 3 and the crossbar 2 can be quickly completed by inserting the hook 33 of the cover 3 into the crossbar 2. After the connection is completed, the guide limit piece 34 elastically resets, making it difficult for the hook 33 to detach from the crossbar 2 along its opening.

[0045] In this embodiment, a steel mesh plate 35 is provided on the opposite side of the slope 1 on the cover plate 31. Diagonal bracing plates 36 are fixedly connected between the steel mesh plates 35. The distance between the steel mesh plate 35 and the cover plate 31 is greater than the height of the surrounding plate 32. The steel mesh plate 35, the diagonal bracing plates 36 and the cover plate 31 form a Z-shape. When the diagonal bracing plates 36 are subjected to force, they can produce deformation that causes the steel mesh plate 35 and the cover plate 31 to move closer to each other. Several anchor nails 351 are provided on the side of the steel mesh plate 35 closest to the slope 1.

[0046] With the above settings, when the second anchor 5 is hammered into the soil, the steel mesh plate 35 can be partially attached to and embedded into the soil of the slope 1. The setting of the anchor nail 351 further enhances the tightness of the contact between the steel mesh plate 35 and the slope 1. Thus, after the concrete is poured, it has better support stability compared with the traditional method of construction workers tying steel mesh.

[0047] In this embodiment, a concrete layer is provided inside the concrete pouring cavity, and the steel mesh plate 35 and the diagonal bracing plate 36 are covered inside the concrete layer.

[0048] In this embodiment, the support structure further includes a third anchor rod. The cover 3 is provided with a number of anchor holes at a relative position to the slope 1 and a puncturable sealing layer 8 that seals the anchor holes. The third anchor rod penetrates the puncturable sealing layer 8 and is inserted into the soil of the slope 1.

[0049] Specifically, the puncture-resistant sealing layer 8 can be Mylar aluminum foil, rubber sheet, thin iron sheet, etc., bonded to the anchor hole. In other words, it only needs to be able to seal the anchor hole, prevent concrete slurry from overflowing, and allow the third anchor rod to puncture it.

[0050] In this embodiment, a bolt 7 is welded and fixed on the cover 3, and a connecting hole is provided on the bolt 6 for passing through the bolt 7. A nut for fixing the bolt 6 is threaded onto the bolt 7.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this application also discloses a construction method for a basement foundation pit slope support structure, including any of the basement foundation pit slope support structures described above, and further comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1. Initially construct slope 1;

[0053] S2. Install crossbar 2: Hammer the first anchor rod 4 into the slope 1 according to the target spacing, attach the crossbar 2 to the end of the first anchor rod 4 away from the slope 1, and fix the crossbar 2 and the first anchor rod 4 together with cross fasteners.

[0054] S3. Install the protective cover 3: Install multiple protective covers 3 side by side on each horizontal bar 2, and hammer the second anchor rod 5 on the protective cover 3 into the soil of the slope 1 so that the protective cover 3 covers the slope 1.

[0055] S4. Install the bolt 6: Fix the bolt 6 between every two adjacent caps 3 in the width and length directions of the slope 1;

[0056] S5. Avoiding excavation equipment: When the excavation equipment is excavating the next layer of soil, first remove the bolt 6 and the second anchor 5 on the bottom cover 3, then flip the bottom cover 3 upward around the top crossbar 2 so that the bottom cover 3 is away from the soil to be excavated, so that the excavation equipment can continue to excavate the lower layer of soil.

[0057] S6. Restoring support: After the excavation of the lower layer of soil is completed, the bottom cover 3 is flipped down and reset, and the bolts 6 and the second anchor 5 on the bottom cover 3 are reinstalled. Then, steps S1 to S4 are repeated to install the support structure for the next layer of slope 1.

[0058] S7. Complete subsequent support: Repeat steps S1 to S6 to complete the excavation and support of the entire basement foundation pit slope.

[0059] In this embodiment, after completing step S4, concrete is poured into the cover 3 other than the lowest cover 3 at the current excavation depth, so that the concrete solidifies into layers in the concrete pouring cavity. After the entire foundation pit slope is excavated, concrete is poured into the cover 3 located at the toe of the foundation pit slope.

[0060] In this embodiment, after completing step S4, the protective cover 3 corresponding to the relatively soft slope 1 can be reinforced. The specific reinforcement method is to penetrate the sealing layer 8 with the third anchor rod and hammer it into the soil.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A basement foundation pit slope support structure, wherein a slope surface (1) is formed on the foundation pit slope, characterized in that: The support structure includes a crossbar (2), a cover (3), and a first anchor (4). The crossbar (2) extends along the length of the slope (1), and multiple crossbars (2) are spaced apart along the width of the slope (1). One end of the first anchor (4) is fixedly connected to the crossbar (2), and the other end is fixed to the soil of the slope (1). One end of the cover (3) is rotatably connected to the crossbar (2), and the other end is slidably connected to a second anchor (5) that can be hammered into the soil of the slope (1). Multiple caps (3) on the crossbar (2) are arranged along the length of the slope (1). A bolt (6) is detachably connected between each two adjacent caps (3) in the width and length directions of the slope (1). There is a gap between each two adjacent caps (3) in the width direction of the slope (1). A concrete pouring cavity is formed between the caps (3) and the slope (1). A pouring port (321) communicating with the concrete pouring cavity is provided on the top side of the caps (3).

2. The basement foundation pit slope support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crossbar (2) includes multiple steel pipes arranged along the length of the slope (1) and a butt joint fastener that connects and fixes each pair of adjacent steel pipes. The crossbar (2) is fixedly connected to the first anchor rod (4) by a cross joint fastener.

3. The basement foundation pit slope support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (3) includes a cover plate (31) and a surrounding plate (32) surrounding the cover plate (31). The surrounding plate (32) is located on the side close to the slope (1). Hooks (33) are fixedly connected to the top two sides of the cover plate (31). The hooks (33) are rotatably hung on the crossbar (2). A guide limiting piece (34) is fixedly connected to the end of the hook (33) near its opening. The guide limiting piece (34) is an arc-shaped metal spring. The pouring port (321) is a long slot opened on the surrounding plate (32) located on the top side of the cover (3).

4. The basement foundation pit slope support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: A steel mesh plate (35) is provided on the opposite side of the slope (1) of the cover plate (31). An inclined bracing plate (36) is fixedly connected between the steel mesh plates (35). The distance between the steel mesh plate (35) and the cover plate (31) is greater than the height of the surrounding plate (32). The steel mesh plate (35), the inclined bracing plate (36) and the cover plate (31) form a Z-shape. When the inclined bracing plate (36) is subjected to force, it can produce deformation that makes the steel mesh plate (35) and the cover plate (31) move closer to each other. Several anchor nails (351) are provided on the side of the steel mesh plate (35) that is close to the slope (1).

5. The basement foundation pit slope support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The concrete pouring cavity is provided with a concrete layer, and the steel mesh plate (35) and the diagonal bracing plate (36) are covered within the concrete layer.

6. The basement foundation pit slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure also includes a third anchor rod. The cover (3) has several anchor holes and a puncturable sealing layer (8) that seals the anchor holes at a relative position to the slope (1). The third anchor rod penetrates the puncturable sealing layer (8) and is inserted into the soil of the slope (1).

7. The basement foundation pit slope support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bolts (7) are welded and fixed on the cover (3), and a connecting hole is provided on the bolt (7) for passing through the bolt (7). A nut for fixing the bolt (6) is threaded on the bolt (7).

8. A construction method for a basement foundation pit slope protection structure, comprising the basement foundation pit slope protection structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: S1. Initial construction of the slope (1); S2. Install the crossbar (2): Hammer the first anchor rod (4) into the slope (1) according to the target spacing, attach the crossbar (2) to the end of the first anchor rod (4) away from the slope (1), and fix the crossbar (2) and the first anchor rod (4) together with the cross fastener. S3. Install the cover (3): Install multiple covers (3) side by side on each crossbar (2), and hammer the second anchor rod (5) on the cover (3) into the soil of the slope (1) so that the cover (3) covers the slope (1); S4. Install the bolt (6): Fix the bolt (6) between every two adjacent caps (3) in the width and length directions of the slope (1); S5. Avoiding excavation equipment: When the excavation equipment is excavating the next layer of soil, first remove the bolt (6) and the second anchor (5) on the bottom cover (3), then flip the bottom cover (3) upward around the top crossbar (2) so that the bottom cover (3) is away from the soil to be excavated, so that the excavation equipment can continue to excavate the lower layer of soil. S6. Restoring support: After the excavation of the lower layer of soil is completed, the lowermost cover (3) is flipped down and reset, and the bolts (6) and the second anchor (5) on the lowermost cover (3) are reinstalled. Then, steps S1 to S4 are repeated to install the support structure of the next layer of slope (1). S7. Complete subsequent support: Repeat steps S1 to S6 to complete the excavation and support of the entire basement foundation pit slope.

9. The construction method for the basement foundation pit slope support structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: After completing step S4, concrete is poured into the other cover (3) except for the lowest cover (3) at the current excavation depth, so that the concrete solidifies into layers in the concrete pouring cavity. After the entire foundation pit slope is excavated, concrete is poured into the cover (3) located at the slope toe of the foundation pit slope.

10. The construction method for the basement foundation pit slope support structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: After completing step S4, the protective cover (3) corresponding to the relatively soft slope (1) is reinforced. The specific reinforcement method is to penetrate the sealing layer (8) with the third anchor rod and hammer it into the soil.

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