Structural thermal insulation integrated exterior wall and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a structure heat preservation integrated outer wall and a manufacturing method thereof, the vertical light steel keel of the outer wall comprises multiple groups of reinforcing keels and C-shaped keels arranged side by side in the width direction of the wall body, the reinforcing keel is close to the outer leaf wall, at least one C-shaped keel is arranged on the side of each reinforcing keel, the calcium silicate board is installed on the two sides of the reinforcing keel and the C-shaped keel and forms reinforcing keel cavities and C-shaped keel cavities; the thickness of the inner leaf wall is not less than 30 mm, and the thickness of the outer leaf wall is not less than 50 mm. The wall body of the application does not need to use asbestos fiber as a heat preservation material, and can meet the energy saving requirements of local areas including cold northern areas, the wall body has high keel strength, good bearing capacity and is not easy to deform, and forms a flexible connection with the building main body, the wall body can adapt to slight displacement of the main structure and reduce the possibility of wall body cracking.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of prefabricated building, in particular to a structure thermal insulation integrated external wall and a manufacturing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] According to article 3.5.9 of industry standard JG / T578-2021 "Technical requirements for prefabricated building wall", the fireproof performance of external wall is not lower than GB / 8624 non-combustible A level requirement, but the A level thermal insulation material commonly used in the market is only rock wool, glass wool and slag wool, and the production process of the product is to melt rock, quartz sand and slag at high temperature, and then extract rock wool, glass wool and slag wool filaments, and then make rock wool, glass wool and slag wool products. Not only a large amount of energy is consumed, and a large amount of carbon emission is increased, but also the fatal defect of stone wool fiber including rock wool, glass wool and slag wool is that one gram of stone wool fiber contains more than one million fine fibers, which is 300 times smaller than sand. A large amount of broken fiber dust will be generated during production, transportation, installation, use and demolition of glass wool structure, and people will inhale three-micron fine stone wool fiber into the lungs and cannot be removed or metabolized. If the time is long, it will become an asbestos lung, which will affect the human respiratory system for a long time, and the asbestos lung will change into mesothelioma, lung cancer, throat cancer and ovarian cancer. The standard of near zero energy consumption building energy saving heat transfer coefficient k value in the southern mild area is 0.6-0.8, and the standard of super low energy consumption building energy saving heat transfer coefficient k value in the northern cold area is 0.15. The building energy saving standard in the northern cold area is nearly four times higher than that in the southern mild area. According to the JG / 578 industry standard, non-combustible A level fireproof material must be used, and a large amount of thermal insulation material including graphiteene extruded board and other difficult B1 level thermal insulation material must be replaced by rock wool insulation board, glass wool insulation board and slag wool made of stone wool fiber. Because of the demand for industry products, the influence of occupational hazards on production personnel cannot be ignored. Moreover, the building using such material has a great hidden danger of injury to the demolition personnel when it is demolished. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an external wall board which does not need stone wool fiber as thermal insulation material and can meet the local energy saving requirements. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a structure thermal insulation integrated external wall and a manufacturing method thereof, which does not need stone wool fiber as thermal insulation material and can meet the local energy saving requirements including the northern cold area.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme provided by the present application is: a structure thermal insulation integrated peripheral wall, comprising a plurality of vertical light steel keels, a steel mesh and inner and outer leaf walls, the vertical light steel keel comprises a plurality of groups of reinforced keels and C-shaped keels arranged side by side in the width direction of the wall body, the reinforced keel is close to the outer leaf wall, at least one C-shaped keel is arranged on the side of each reinforced keel, and a calcium silicate board is arranged on both sides of the reinforced keel and the C-shaped keel to form a reinforced keel cavity and a C-shaped keel cavity; a plurality of horizontal support keels are arranged on the outermost calcium silicate boards of the reinforced keel and the C-shaped keel, the steel mesh is arranged on the support keel, and the outer side of the steel mesh is the inner and outer leaf walls, the thickness of the inner leaf wall is not less than 30 mm, and the thickness of the outer leaf wall is not less than 50 mm.

[0005] The present application is heat-insulated by a plurality of structure cavities, and the calcium silicate board is used as the partition plate of each cavity, which has high strength, light weight, small thermal conductivity and excellent non-combustibility, heat insulation, fireproofing and sound insulation. The reinforced keel and the C-shaped keel are both groove-shaped and have a certain thickness in the width direction, and a plurality of cavities are formed by the calcium silicate board as the partition plate. The C-shaped keel with a width is creatively arranged side by side on the side of the reinforced keel as the main bearing, and the number of cavities is determined according to the regional climate and the building thermal insulation and energy saving requirements, and at least two cavities are arranged side by side, and the heat insulation effect is further improved by the thicker inner and outer leaf walls. The horizontal support keel can strengthen the framework and form a gap between the steel mesh and the calcium silicate board, so that the leaf wall material can pass through the steel mesh to completely wrap the leaf wall and improve the strength of the leaf wall. Moreover, a plurality of vertical keels are arranged side by side, and the wall body has high strength.

[0006] Further, in order to improve the strength of the reinforced keel and increase the overall strength of the keel, the cross section of the reinforced keel is a groove-shaped opening, a plurality of keel reinforcing plates are arranged at the opening, the keel reinforcing plates connect the two sides of the reinforced keel, and a hole for penetrating through the keel is arranged on the groove bottom surface of the reinforced keel. A plurality of reinforced keels are arranged in the direction of the wall surface, the reinforced keels are connected by a plurality of horizontal through keels, and the through keels penetrate through the groove bottom surface of the reinforced keel and are fixed to the reinforced keel.

[0007] Further, in order to facilitate installation and positioning, the upper and lower ends of each group of reinforced keels and C-shaped keels arranged side by side in the width direction of the wall are connected to the building main structure by the same connecting steel plate accessory; the connecting steel plate accessory comprises a horizontal steel plate and a vertical steel plate perpendicular to each other, and the vertical steel plate is connected to the groove bottom surface of each group of reinforced keels and C-shaped keels. The upper and lower ends of the wall body are connected to the building main structure by the connecting steel plate accessory instead of rigid connection, so that the wall body can adapt to the displacement of the main structure and reduce the possibility of wall cracking.

[0008] Further, the length of the vertical steel plate is greater than the length of the horizontal steel plate, the horizontal steel plate is connected to the middle of the upper end of the vertical steel plate, and vertical long holes for mounting screws are arranged on the vertical steel plate, which facilitate the screws to be installed in the appropriate position and adapt to the expansion of the wall.

[0009] Further, the long holes are two rows, and one end of each keel corresponds to four long holes in the upper and lower rows.

[0010] Further, in order to achieve the effects of lightness and heat preservation, the inner and outer leaf walls are wrapped with lightweight concrete on the steel mesh, the lightweight concrete is connected to the calcium silicate board through the steel mesh, and the lightweight concrete is recycled concrete including stone powder concrete, construction waste solid waste, or lightweight ceramsite concrete, or fine stone concrete.

[0011] Further, when the height of the outer envelope wall is less than 4.5 meters, the floor slab of each floor extends out of the envelope wall by 25-30 mm. The extended floor slab forms a decorative strip, and the entire wall is located on the floor slab, which is firmly and reliably installed and is not easy to fall off, overcoming the safety hazard of falling down and injuring pedestrians caused by the falling of various external wall panels (bodies). Moreover, the horizontally arranged expansion joints hidden in each layer are arranged at this position, and the shrinkage displacement of the wall caused by temperature difference can be controlled within the expansion joints at the decorative strip, overcoming the cracking defect of the wall.

[0012] Further, when the height of the outer envelope wall is greater than 4.5 meters and is located at the top floor of the house, the middle and top of the outer envelope wall are provided with T-shaped beams, and the two sides of the T-shaped beams protrude from the wall surface by 25-30 mm. For walls with a higher height, the waist beam and top beam are added to the middle and top, and the two sides of the beam protruding from the wall surface also serve as wall surface decorative protrusions, and the expansion joints are arranged at the decorative strips, facilitating the decorative treatment of the expansion joints.

[0013] Further, as an embodiment, the upper part of the T-shaped beam is a reinforced concrete structure, and the lower part is a profile steel structure, and the steel bars of the upper reinforced concrete are welded and fixed on the lower profile steel.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a structural thermal insulation integrated external retaining wall, which is used to manufacture the structural thermal insulation integrated external retaining wall, comprising the following steps: (1) fixing the connecting steel plate accessories to the specified position of the cantilevered floor panel or floor with nails according to design requirements, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the reinforced keel to the vertical steel plate of the connecting steel plate accessories with self-tapping screws; (2) installing multiple reinforced keels on a wall, and then passing the through keel through the reinforced keel and fixing it to the reinforced keel; (3) covering the two sides of the reinforced keel with calcium silicate board and fixing it to the reinforced keel with self-tapping screws to form a first cavity, and then passing multiple C-shaped keels through The screws are connected to the calcium silicate board and the reinforced keel, and the upper and lower ends of the C-shaped keel are connected to the long holes of the connecting steel plate accessories with self-tapping screws, and then the covered calcium silicate board is connected and fixed on the other side of the C-shaped keel by self-tapping screws to form a second cavity, thereby forming a three-board two-cavity thermal insulation structure, or according to the building energy-saving requirements, the C-shaped keel and the calcium silicate board are sequentially installed on the outside of the second cavity to form a third cavity, forming a four-board three-cavity thermal insulation structure; (4) Support keels and steel mesh are sequentially installed on both sides of the three-board two-cavity or four-board three-cavity, and then the lightweight concrete is sprayed or applied to wrap the steel mesh and compacted to form the inner leaf wall and the outer leaf wall.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the wall does not require asbestos fiber as insulation material, and can meet local energy-saving requirements including cold areas in the north. In addition, the wall keel has high strength, good bearing capacity, and is not easy to deform. It also forms a flexible connection with the main body of the building. The wall can adapt to the displacement of the main structure and reduce the possibility of wall cracking. Decorative strips are also provided to beautify and cover expansion joints, and avoid the safety hazard of decorative panels falling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the outer retaining wall of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the outer retaining wall and the connecting steel plate accessories.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure from the left view direction.

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reinforced keel and the through keel

[0020] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure for connecting steel plate accessories.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the protruding structure of the building floor panel with a floor height of 3.5m-4.5m.

[0022] Figure 7This is one of the schematic diagrams of the wall structure of a building with a floor height of more than 4.5m.

[0023] Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram of the wall structure of a building with a floor height of more than 4.5m.

[0024] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a structural insulation integrated exterior retaining wall 10 includes multiple vertical light steel keels, steel mesh 7, inner leaf wall 8, and outer leaf wall 4. The vertical light steel keels include multiple groups of reinforced keels 1 and C-shaped keels 2 arranged in parallel in the width direction of the wall. The reinforced keel 1 is close to the outer leaf wall 4 as the most important supporting skeleton. At least one C-shaped keel 2 is arranged next to each reinforced keel 1. Multiple parallel reinforced keels 1 and C-shaped keels 2 form a group, and the wall strength is further increased. Figure 1 As can be seen, the width of the reinforced keel 1 is greater than that of the C-shaped keel 2. The cross-section of the reinforced keel 1 is a channel-shaped channel with one side open. The opening is provided with multiple spaced keel reinforcement plates 11, which connect the two side surfaces of the reinforced keel. The channel bottom 12 of the reinforced keel 1 also has a hole 13 for passing through the keel. Multiple reinforced keels 1 are arranged in the vertical direction of the enclosure wall. The reinforced keels 1 are connected by multiple horizontal through keels 14, which pass through the channel bottom 12 of the reinforced keel 1 and are fixed to the reinforced keel 1.

[0026] The calcium silicate board 3 is installed on both sides of the reinforced keel 1 and C-shaped keel 2 to form reinforced keel cavities and C-shaped keel cavities, and the number of C-shaped keels 2 determines the number of heat insulation cavities. The reinforced keel 1 and the C-shaped keel 2 are both grooves with a certain thickness in the width direction, and multiple cavities are formed by the calcium silicate board 3 as a partition. The C-shaped keel 2 with a width is creatively arranged beside the reinforced keel 1 which is the main load-bearing structure, and the number of cavities is determined according to the regional climate and the building energy-saving requirements. At least two cavities are arranged in parallel. A plurality of horizontal support keels 6 are installed on the outermost calcium silicate board 3 of the reinforced keel 1 and the C-shaped keel 2, and the support keels 6 are fixed by self-tapping screws passing through the calcium silicate board 3 and the C-shaped keel 2 / reinforced keel 1. A steel mesh 7 is installed on the support keel 6, and the outer side of the steel mesh 7 is an inner leaf wall 8 and an outer leaf wall 4. The thickness of the inner leaf wall 8 is not less than 30mm, and the thickness of the outer leaf wall 4 is not less than 50mm. In order to achieve the effect of light weight and heat preservation, the inner leaf wall 8 and the outer leaf wall 4 are wrapped with lightweight concrete on the steel mesh 7. The lightweight concrete is connected to the calcium silicate board 3 through the steel mesh 7, and the lightweight concrete is recycled concrete including stone powder concrete, construction waste solid waste, or lightweight ceramsite concrete, or fine stone concrete. Heat insulation is achieved through multiple structural cavities, and the calcium silicate board 3 as a partition of each cavity has high strength, light weight, small thermal conductivity, excellent non-combustibility, heat insulation, fireproofing and sound insulation. The horizontal support keel 6 can strengthen the framework and provide a gap between the steel mesh 7 and the calcium silicate board 3, so that the leaf wall material can completely wrap the steel mesh 7, and the strength of the leaf wall is improved.

[0027] As Figures 2 to 4 shown, in order to facilitate installation and positioning, the upper and lower ends of each set of reinforced keel 1 and C-shaped keel 2 arranged in parallel in the width direction of the enclosing wall are connected to the building main structure by the same connecting steel plate accessory 5. The connecting steel plate accessory 5 includes a horizontal steel plate 51 and a vertical steel plate 52 which are perpendicular to each other, and the vertical steel plate 52 is connected to the groove bottom surface of each set of reinforced keel 1 and C-shaped keel 2. The length of the vertical steel plate 52 is greater than the length of the horizontal steel plate 51, and the horizontal steel plate 51 is connected to the upper middle part of the vertical steel plate 52. A vertical long slot hole 521 for installing a screw 53 is arranged on the vertical steel plate 52, and the long slot hole 521 is arranged in two rows. One end of each keel corresponds to four long slot holes 521 in the upper and lower two rows. The long slot hole 521 facilitates the screw 53 to select an appropriate position for installation and adapts to the expansion and contraction of the wall body. The upper and lower ends of the wall body are connected to the building main structure by the connecting steel plate accessory 5 instead of rigid connection, so that the wall body can adapt to the displacement of the main structure and reduce the possibility of wall cracking.

[0028] As Figure 6As shown, when the height of the outer enclosure wall 10 is less than 4.5 meters, i.e. the floor height is less than 4.5 meters, the length of the floor panel 9 extending out of the outer enclosure wall 10 is 25-30 mm, the overhanging floor panel 9 forms a decorative strip, the wall body is located on the floor panel 9, is firmly and reliably installed, and is not easy to fall off, overcoming the safety hazard of falling down and injuring pedestrians caused by the falling of each outer wall panel (body). Moreover, the horizontally arranged expansion joint of each floor is arranged at this position, and the shrinkage displacement of the wall body caused by temperature difference can be controlled in the expansion joint at the decorative strip, overcoming the cracking defect of the wall body.

[0029] If the height of the outer enclosure wall 10 is greater than 4.5 meters and is located at the top floor of the house, the middle and top of the outer enclosure wall 10 are provided with T-shaped beams 101, as shown in Figure 7 The two sides of the T-shaped beam 101 protrude from the wall surface by 25-30 mm. For the wall with a higher floor height, the waist beam and top beam are added to the middle and top, and the two sides of the beam protrude from the wall surface, which also serves as a wall surface decorative protrusion, and the expansion joint is arranged at the decorative strip, facilitating the decorative treatment of the expansion joint. In the embodiment, the T-shaped beam 101 is a reinforced concrete structure. Of course, as shown in Figure 8 The upper part of the T-shaped beam 101 is a reinforced concrete structure, and the lower part is a profile steel structure. The steel bars of the upper reinforced concrete are welded and fixed on the lower profile steel.

[0030] The application also provides a manufacturing method for manufacturing the above-mentioned structure of the integrated outer enclosure wall 10, comprising the following steps: (1) fixing the horizontal steel plate 51 of the connecting steel plate accessory 5 at the specified position of the overhanging floor panel 9 or the floor by nailing according to the design requirements, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the reinforcing type batten 1 to the vertical steel plate 52 of the connecting steel plate accessory 5 by self-tapping screws, and the self-tapping screws pass through the long hole 521 of the vertical steel plate 52 to fix the two; (2) after the installation of the reinforcing type batten 1 of one wall is completed, the through batten 14 is passed through and fixed to the reinforcing type batten 1, which can be fixed by screwing or lashing; (3) covering the medium-density calcium silicate board 3 on both sides of the reinforcing type batten 1 and fixing it to the reinforcing type batten 1 by self-tapping screws to form a first cavity, then connecting the C-shaped batten 2 to the calcium silicate board 3 and the reinforcing type batten 1 by screws, connecting the upper and lower ends of the C-shaped batten 2 to the long hole 521 of the connecting steel plate accessory 5 by self-tapping screws, and then connecting and fixing the covered calcium silicate board 3 on the other side of the C-shaped batten 2 by self-tapping screws to form a second cavity, thereby forming a three-plate two-cavity heat preservation and insulation structure, or according to the building energy saving requirements, the C-shaped batten 2 and the calcium silicate board 3 are sequentially installed outside the second cavity to form a third cavity, becoming a four-plate three-cavity heat preservation and insulation structure; (4) sequentially installing the supporting batten 6 and the steel mesh 7 on both sides of the three-plate two-cavity or four-plate three-cavity, and then spraying or daubing the light concrete to wrap and compact the steel mesh 7 to form the inner leaf wall 8 and the outer leaf wall 4.

[0031] The wall body made by the embodiment does not need asbestos fiber as the thermal insulation material, and can meet the energy saving requirements of the local area including the cold northern area, the wall body has high keel strength and is not easy to deform, and forms a flexible connection with the building main body, the wall body can adapt to the displacement of the main structure, and reduces the possibility of wall body cracking; the decorative strip for beautifying and shielding the expansion joint is arranged, and the safety hazard of the decorative panel falling is avoided.

[0032] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, and all should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A structural insulation integrated exterior retaining wall, comprising a plurality of vertical light steel keels, a steel mesh, and inner and outer leaf walls, characterized in that: The vertical light steel keel includes multiple groups of reinforced keels and C-shaped keels arranged in parallel in the width direction of the wall. The reinforced keel is close to the outer leaf wall. At least one C-shaped keel is arranged next to each reinforced keel. Calcium silicate boards are installed on both sides of the reinforced keel and the C-shaped keel to form a reinforced keel cavity and a C-shaped keel cavity; multiple horizontal supporting keels are installed on the calcium silicate boards on the outermost sides of the reinforced keel and the C-shaped keel, and the steel mesh is installed on the supporting keels. The outer side of the steel mesh is the inner and outer leaf wall. The thickness of the inner leaf wall is not less than 30 mm, and the thickness of the outer leaf wall is not less than 50 mm. The cross-section of the reinforced keel is a groove with an open side, and a plurality of keel reinforcement plates are arranged at intervals at the opening. The keel reinforcement plates connect the two side surfaces of the reinforced keel. A hole for passing the through keel is also provided on the bottom surface of the groove of the reinforced keel. A plurality of the reinforced keels are arranged in the vertical direction of the enclosing wall. The reinforced keels are connected by a plurality of horizontal through keels. The through keels pass through the bottom surface of the groove of the reinforced keel and are fixed on the reinforced keel.

2. The structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of each group of reinforced purlins and C-shaped purlins arranged in parallel in the width direction of the retaining wall are connected to the main structure of the building through the same connecting steel plate accessories; the connecting steel plate accessories include horizontal steel plates and vertical steel plates that are perpendicular to each other, and the vertical steel plates are simultaneously connected to the bottom surface of the groove of each group of reinforced purlins and C-shaped purlins.

3. The structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the vertical steel plate is greater than that of the horizontal steel plate. The horizontal steel plate is connected to the middle of the upper end of the vertical steel plate. Vertical long holes for installing screws are provided on the vertical steel plate.

4. The structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two rows of long holes, and one end of each keel corresponds to the upper and lower rows of four long holes.

5. The structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner leaf wall and the outer leaf wall are wrapped with lightweight concrete on the steel mesh, and the lightweight concrete passes through the steel mesh and connects with the calcium silicate board. The lightweight concrete includes stone powder concrete, recycled concrete from construction waste solid waste, lightweight ceramsite concrete, or fine stone concrete.

6. The structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the height of the outer retaining wall is less than 4.5 meters, the floor panel of each floor extends out of the retaining wall by 25-30 mm.

7. The structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the height of the outer retaining wall is greater than 4.5 meters and is located on the top floor of the house, T-shaped beams are provided at the middle and top of the outer retaining wall, and both sides of the T-shaped beams protrude from the wall surface by 25-30 mm.

8. The structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper horizontal portion of the T-beam is a reinforced concrete structure, while the lower portion is a section steel structure. The steel bars of the upper reinforced concrete are welded and fixed to the section steel of the lower portion.

9. A method for manufacturing a structural thermal insulation integrated exterior retaining wall, characterized by: The method for manufacturing the structural insulation integrated exterior wall as described in claim 5 comprises the following steps: (1) fixing the connecting steel plate fittings to the specified position of the cantilevered floor panel or floor with nails according to the design requirements, and fixing the upper and lower ends of the reinforced keels to the vertical steel plates of the connecting steel plate fittings with self-tapping screws; (2) installing multiple reinforced keels of a wall, and then passing the through keel through the reinforced keel and fixing it thereto; (3) covering the two sides of the reinforced keel with calcium silicate board and fixing it to the reinforced keel with self-tapping screws to form a first cavity, and then fixing multiple C-shaped keels to the calcium silicate board and the reinforced keel with screws. (4) Install supporting keels and steel mesh on both sides of the three-plate two-cavity or four-plate three-cavity insulation structure in sequence, and then spray or apply the lightweight concrete to wrap the steel mesh and compact it to form the inner leaf wall and outer leaf wall.

Images