Resource recovery method available in photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The application discloses a recycling method of resources in a photovoltaic module, S1, separating a frame on the photovoltaic module from a photoelectric conversion assembly; S2, transferring the photoelectric conversion assembly to a bearing assembly, and under the conveying action of a chain plate transmission assembly, making the containing part, the bearing assembly and the photoelectric conversion assembly enter into a pyrolysis chamber from the entrance of the pyrolysis chamber; S3, the heat generated by a heating assembly makes the EVA adhesive layer and the backboard in the photoelectric conversion assembly decompose into gas and be discharged, and a part of the remaining substances in the photoelectric conversion assembly which are not pyrolyzed enter into the containing part, and another part of the remaining substances which are not pyrolyzed are located on the bearing assembly; S4, under the continuous driving of the chain plate transmission assembly, when the containing part and the bearing assembly loaded with the remaining substances move along the movement track of the sprocket, the containing part and the bearing assembly loaded with the remaining substances are poured out, and the bearing assembly swings when passing through the sprocket. The application can avoid the pyrolyzed remaining substances from falling into the heating chamber.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the recycling of renewable resources in the field of environmental protection, and in particular to a method for recycling resources available in a photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND

[0002] A photovoltaic module is composed of a frame and a photoelectric conversion assembly. From the front to the back of the photoelectric conversion assembly, there are glass, a first EVA adhesive layer, a silicon wafer, a second EVA adhesive layer, a back plate, and a fluorine film (some photovoltaic modules do not have a fluorine film). The first EVA adhesive layer bonds the glass and the silicon wafer, and the second EVA adhesive layer bonds the silicon wafer and the back plate. The recycled photovoltaic module is disassembled to obtain the precious metals and other objects contained therein. In addition, the separated glass also has corresponding value, for example, the broken glass is sold to glass manufacturers, so disassembling the photovoltaic module has corresponding value.

[0003] There are various methods for disassembling photovoltaic modules, such as "physical separation method" and "pyrolysis method". The "physical separation method" first removes the aluminum frame and the junction box of the module, then crushes the frameless module, separates the tin-coated solder strip and the glass particles, and then grinds the remaining part to obtain metal, silicon powder, back plate particles, and EVA particles by electrostatic separation method. This method ultimately obtains a mixture of different materials, and fails to achieve full separation of single components.

[0004] The pyrolysis method is to soften and decompose the EVA adhesive layer under heating conditions to separate and recycle the layers. CN114769272A discloses a pyrolysis recycling device for waste photovoltaic modules. The working process of the device is as follows: the chain plate continuously operates, high-temperature flue gas of 600-1000℃ is introduced into the ceramic heat storage type heating pipe, the pyrolysis chamber is heated to 300-600℃, and the pyrolysis time is set to 5-30min; after the pyrolysis device is preheated to the required pyrolysis temperature, the photovoltaic module with the aluminum frame and the junction box removed is sent into the first conveying mechanism with the glass face upward through the flexible roller shaft from the sample inlet, the first conveying chain plate is arranged in the middle position below the first conveying mechanism, and the first movable heat insulation baffle is sent into the pyrolysis chamber from left to right on the upper side of the first conveying chain plate. The first movable heat insulation baffle is opened by the chain plate device conveying power when the photovoltaic module passes through, and the baffle is automatically closed after the photovoltaic module passes through. The first movable heat insulation baffle can prevent heat loss of the pyrolysis chamber and maintain an inert atmosphere.

[0005] The pyrolysis chamber chain plate moves under the action of the second conveying mechanism, and the photovoltaic module is continuously subjected to pyrolysis treatment in the moving process, so that the EVA adhesive film, back plate and the like in the photovoltaic module are decomposed, and the pyrolyzed photovoltaic module is mainly composed of complete glass plates and separated battery fragments; the volatile gas generated by pyrolysis is discharged from the pyrolysis gas outlet at the top of the rear end of the pyrolysis chamber, and the battery fragments formed after pyrolysis are discharged from the battery piece outlet at the bottom of the rear end of the pyrolysis chamber. The complete glass plate obtained after pyrolysis enters the second conveying mechanism through the second movable heat insulation baffle by the second conveying chain plate, and a serpentine water cooling pipe is arranged below the conveying surface of the second conveying chain plate; the cooling water in the serpentine water cooling pipe exchanges heat with the complete glass plate conveyed on the second conveying chain plate, and the complete glass plate is cooled and discharged from the glass plate outlet out of the second conveying mechanism.

[0006] For the above-mentioned pyrolysis recycling device, since silicon wafers and glass particles are separated during pyrolysis, the sizes of the silicon wafers and glass particles are different, the pyrolysis chamber chain plate carries the photovoltaic module, and there is a gap between adjacent chain plates, therefore, the pyrolysis products such as silicon wafers and glass particles with a size smaller than the gap distance between adjacent chain plates will fall down through the gap, and the lower side of the pyrolysis chamber chain plate carrying the photovoltaic module is a heating chamber, therefore, after long-term use, the pyrolysis products such as silicon wafers and glass particles will inevitably accumulate in the heating chamber, resulting in reduced heating efficiency, and even causing damage to the heating pipe. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a method for recycling resources in a photovoltaic module, which can prevent the pyrolysis residues from falling into the heating chamber.

[0008] The technical solution to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0009] The method for recycling resources in a photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:

[0010] S1, separating the frame on the photovoltaic module from the photoelectric conversion assembly;

[0011] S2, transferring the photoelectric conversion assembly to the carrier assembly, and under the conveying action of the chain plate transmission assembly, the containing part, the carrier assembly and the photoelectric conversion assembly enter the pyrolysis chamber from the inlet of the pyrolysis chamber;

[0012] S3, the heat generated by the heating assembly decomposes the EVA adhesive layer and the back plate in the photoelectric conversion assembly into gas and discharges, part of the residues of the photoelectric conversion assembly not subjected to pyrolysis enters the containing part, and the other part of the residues of the photoelectric conversion assembly not subjected to pyrolysis is located on the carrier assembly;

[0013] S4, when the chain plate transmission assembly continuously drives the containing part and the bearing assembly to move along the track of the sprocket, the remaining materials contained in the containing part and the bearing assembly are poured out, and the bearing assembly swings when passing through the sprocket of the chain plate transmission assembly.

[0014] In the present application, the containing part containing the remaining materials after the pyrolysis of the photoelectric conversion assembly is arranged on each chain plate, and the bearing assembly for bearing the photoelectric conversion assembly is arranged on the containing part. The two ends of the bearing assembly are movably connected with the adjacent two ends of the two containing parts, and the bearing assembly blocks the space between the two adjacent containing parts. After the photoelectric conversion assembly is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber, part of the remaining materials that are not pyrolyzed enter the containing part, and the remaining materials that are not pyrolyzed include silicon wafers, glass particles and solder strips. The other part of the remaining materials that are not pyrolyzed, i.e. silicon wafers and glass particles, are located on the bearing assembly, so that the remaining materials that are not pyrolyzed are prevented from falling into the heating chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the pyrolysis equipment for the photovoltaic module.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the pyrolysis equipment for the photovoltaic module.

[0017] Figure 3 It is an assembly view of the chain plate, the containing part and the bearing assembly.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the chain plate, the containing part and the bearing assembly moving along the track of the sprocket.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural view of the frame and the partial parts in the photovoltaic module frame disassembling device.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a perspective view of the frame and the partial parts in the photovoltaic module frame disassembling device. Figure 5

[0021] It is an enlarged view of the P part in the photovoltaic module frame disassembling device. Figure 7 Figure 6

[0022] In the drawings, the marks are as follows: pyrolysis chamber A, preheating section A1, pyrolysis section A2, cooling section A3, isolation section A4, heating assembly B, chain plate transmission assembly C, containing part D, bearing assembly E.

[0023] Frame 1, cover 2, sprocket 10, chain 11, chain plate 12, sprocket driver 13, notch 20, bottom plate 21, ring wall 22, containing cavity 23, support limiting part 24, connecting rod 30, spring 31, inner rod 32, outer tube 33, first supporting plate 34, second supporting plate 35, shaft 36.​​

[0024] Frame 41, leg 41a, channel steel 41b, conveying mechanism 42, driver 42a, belt drive 42b, support frame 43, lifting frame 44, lifting driver 45, guide plate 46, support seat 47, adjusting rod 48, locking screw 49, connecting block 50, hydraulic motor 51, gear box 52, first bevel gear 52a, second bevel gear 52b, third bevel gear 52c, fourth bevel gear 52d, rotating shaft 52e, sleeve 52f, box 52g, lead screw 53, power output rod 54, transmission box 55, joint 56, guide rod 57. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the pyrolysis equipment of the photovoltaic module of the present application comprises a pyrolysis chamber A, a heating assembly B, a chain plate transmission assembly C, and a bearing assembly E. The heating assembly B cooperates with the pyrolysis chamber A, and the chain plate transmission assembly C passes through the pyrolysis chamber A. In this embodiment, the pyrolysis chamber A is composed of a rack 1 and a cover 2. The cover 2 is installed on the rack 1. The cover 2 is provided with a pyrolysis waste gas exhaust port. The exhaust port is used to exhaust the waste gas generated by pyrolysis. The exhaust port can be one or more. In this embodiment, a plurality of exhaust ports are provided.

[0026] The heating assembly B is multiple. In this embodiment, the heating assembly B adopts a heating pipe type heater. The heating pipe type heater can adopt a tubular electric heater or a ceramic heat accumulating type heating pipe as in the background art. In this embodiment, the tubular electric heater is preferred. These heating assemblies B are sequentially installed along the transverse direction of the rack 1, thereby forming a preheating section A1 and a pyrolysis section A2. The rack 1 is further provided with a cooling section A3 located downstream of the pyrolysis section A2. The cooling section A3 is provided with a cooling device, such as a cooling fan or a refrigerator. The cooling section A3 is not provided with a heating assembly B.

[0027] Since the pyrolysis section A2 and the cooling section A3 are communicated, the ambient temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 is 550-600℃, and the temperature in the cooling section A3 is room temperature (in the case of using a cooling fan) or lower than room temperature (in the case of using a refrigerator). The temperature of the cooling section A3 is obviously much lower than that of the pyrolysis section A2. If no measures are taken, it is difficult to heat the pyrolysis section A2 to 550-600℃. Even if the pyrolysis section A2 is heated to 550-600℃, a high-power heating assembly B is needed, which will consume more energy. If only the heating temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 is set to 550-600℃, the actual temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 will be lower than the above-mentioned set value due to the influence of the low-temperature airflow diffusion of the cooling section A3. Therefore, the photovoltaic conversion assembly is difficult to fully obtain pyrolysis in the pyrolysis chamber A, and thus there are still EVA and backboard materials in the remaining products after pyrolysis.

[0028] In order to prevent the temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 from not reaching the set value, in the embodiment, an isolation section A4 is arranged between the pyrolysis section A2 and the cooling section A3, and the heating assembly B is arranged in the isolation section A4. The isolation section A4 is heated by the heating assembly B to prevent the low-temperature airflow in the cooling section A3 from directly diffusing to the pyrolysis section A2, so that the heating temperature of the pyrolysis section A2 is maintained within the set heating temperature range. The temperature in the isolation section A4 is lower than that in the pyrolysis section A2. For example, the temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 is 550-600°C, and the temperature in the isolation section A4 is 280-330°C.

[0029] As can be seen from the above, the isolation section A4 is arranged in the embodiment to prevent the low-temperature airflow in the cooling section A3 from directly diffusing to the pyrolysis section A2. On the other hand, the temperature in the isolation section A4 is not very different from that in the pyrolysis section A2 relative to the cooling section A3. Therefore, the environment temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 is ensured, and the heating assembly B with high power consumption is avoided to ensure the environment temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 because only low power consumption is required to reach the environment temperature in the isolation section A4.

[0030] The chain transmission assembly C includes a chain wheel 10, a chain 11, a chain plate 12, and a chain wheel driver 13. The chain wheel driver 13 is connected with the chain wheel 10. The chain wheel 10 is matched with the chain 11. The chain wheel 10 is installed on the rack 1 through a shaft and a bearing assembly. The chain 11 is flexibly matched with the chain wheel 10. The chain plate 12 is connected with the chain 11. The chain wheel driver 13 is composed of a motor and a speed reducer. The input end of the speed reducer is connected with the output end of the motor. The output end of the speed reducer is connected with the shaft supporting the chain wheel 10. The structure of the chain transmission assembly C is prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] Generally, the recycled photovoltaic assembly will cause glass breakage due to transportation or transfer, and few assemblies can maintain the integrity of the glass. In order to prevent some small volume glass and silicon chip particles from falling into the heating chamber (the area of each heating assembly B) through the gap between adjacent chain plates 12, in the embodiment, a containing portion D for containing the residues after the pyrolysis of the photovoltaic assembly is arranged on each chain plate 12. A bearing assembly E for bearing the photovoltaic assembly is further arranged on the containing portion D. The two ends of the bearing assembly E are movably connected with the adjacent two ends of the two containing portions D. The bearing assembly E blocks the gap between the two adjacent containing portions D. After the photovoltaic assembly is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber A, part of the unpyrolyzed residues, including silicon chips, glass particles, and solder strips, enters the containing portion D, and the other part of the unpyrolyzed residues is located on the bearing assembly E. In this way, the unpyrolyzed residues are prevented from falling into the heating chamber.

[0032] Since the movement track of the chain plate transmission assembly C is a ring track formed by alternately connecting straight line segments and circular arc segments, the carrying assembly E swings when moving along the movement track of the sprocket 10, so that the carrying assembly E can smoothly pass through the movement track of the sprocket 10. In this embodiment, a notch 20 is arranged on the accommodating portion D, and the end of the carrying assembly E extends into the notch and is hinged to the accommodating portion D. In this way, the notch 20 provides a space for the carrying assembly E to swing, so as to avoid the carrying assembly E being hindered during the swinging process. The rotation angle of the end of the carrying assembly E in the notch 20 can be greater than 180°, or can be selected to be within 180°. In this embodiment, the rotation angle of the end of the carrying assembly E in the notch 20 is preferably less than 180°.

[0033] In this embodiment, the accommodating portion D includes a bottom plate 21 and a ring wall 22. After the ring wall 22 is fixed to the bottom plate 21, an accommodating cavity 23 for accommodating the residues after the pyrolysis of the photoelectric conversion assembly is formed between the ring wall 22 and the bottom plate 21, and the notch 20 is arranged on the ring wall 22. The bottom plate 21 is fixed to the chain plate 12, for example, by one of the following methods: screwing, riveting, and welding. The ring wall 22 is integrally formed with the bottom plate 21, and the two are preferably integrally formed by casting. When the EVA adhesive layer and the back plate in the photoelectric conversion assembly are pyrolyzed, at least part of the residues that are not pyrolyzed fall into the accommodating cavity 23 formed by the bottom plate 21 and the ring wall 22.

[0034] The accommodating portion D of the present application can also have the following structure: the accommodating portion D includes a ring wall 22, and an accommodating cavity 23 for accommodating the residues after the pyrolysis of the photoelectric conversion assembly is formed between the ring wall 22 and the chain plate 12 after the ring wall 22 is fixed to the chain plate 12, and the notch 20 is arranged on the ring wall 22.

[0035] In this embodiment, in order to enable each accommodating portion D to smoothly move along the track of the sprocket 10, there is a spacing between adjacent two accommodating portions D when the accommodating portion D moves along the track of the sprocket 10. In this embodiment, the length and width of the accommodating portion D are consistent with the length and width of the chain plate 12. Therefore, the spacing between adjacent two accommodating portions D is the same as the spacing between two adjacent chain plates 12. Thus, as long as the chain plate 12 can smoothly move along the track of the sprocket 10, the accommodating portion D can also smoothly move along the track of the sprocket 10.

[0036] The accommodating portion D further includes a supporting and limiting component 24 located in the accommodating cavity 23. One end of the supporting and limiting component 24 is fixed to the ring wall 22, and the supporting and limiting component 24 cooperates with the carrying assembly E to support and limit the swinging angle of the carrying assembly E.

[0037] Due to the support of the support limiting part 24 to the bearing assembly E, the bearing assembly E moving along the straight section of the chain 11 can be kept flat, which facilitates the flatness of the photoelectric conversion assembly on the bearing assembly E, thereby facilitating the uniform heating of the photoelectric conversion assembly.

[0038] Due to the spacing between the two adjacent accommodating parts D, in the embodiment, the bearing assembly E is installed between the two adjacent accommodating parts D, and the spacing between the two adjacent accommodating parts D is shielded by the bearing assembly E, thereby preventing the remaining un-decomposed substances from passing through the spacing between the accommodating part D and the chain plate 12.

[0039] The bearing assembly E includes a connecting rod 30, a swing rod, a supporting part, and a spring 31. One end of the swing rod is hinged to the accommodating part D, and the other end of the swing rod is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 30. The connecting rod 30 can be a rod-shaped part or a plate-shaped part.

[0040] The supporting part is used to bear the photoelectric conversion assembly. The other end of the connecting rod 30 is hinged to the other end of the supporting part. One end of the spring 31 cooperates with one end of the swing rod or the accommodating part D, and the other end of the spring 31 cooperates with the other end of the swing rod or the connecting rod 30 or the supporting part. Each group of bearing assemblies E includes at least two swing rods, two connecting rods 30, and two springs 31. At the two ends of the supporting part, the connecting rod 30, the swing rod, and the spring 31 are symmetrically arranged.

[0041] The swing rod includes an inner rod 32 and an outer tube 33. One end of the inner rod 32 is hinged to the accommodating part D, and one end of the outer tube 33 is sleeved on the inner rod 32 to make the swing rod an extendable or retractable telescopic rod. The other end of the outer tube 33 is hinged to the connecting rod 30. A protrusion is arranged on the outer wall of the inner rod 32, and a sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the outer tube 33. The protrusion and the sliding groove are in sliding cooperation, and when the swing rod is extended or retracted, the inner rod 32 and the outer tube 33 are guided by the cooperation of the protrusion and the sliding groove.

[0042] When the bearing assembly E moves along the movement track of the sprocket 10, i.e., moves along the arc-shaped section of the chain plate transmission assembly C, the spacing between the two adjacent chain plates 12 increases from small to large, thereby increasing the spacing between the two adjacent accommodating parts D. In this case, the two ends of the two swing rods in the same group of bearing assemblies E are respectively subjected to the pulling force from the inner sides of the two adjacent accommodating parts D, so that the swing rods in the bearing assembly E swing and are retracted, i.e., the inner rod 32 and the outer tube 33 swing. As the spacing continuously increases from small to large, the outer tube 33 and / or the inner rod 32 are moved under the extrusion force, so that the swing rod is in a retracted state. In this process, the spring 31 is compressed, and the swing rod drives the connecting rod 30 and the supporting part to swing in turn. This process can be from Figure 4The schematic diagram can be regarded as the process from 12 o'clock to 3 o'clock in a clock. The two swing rods in the same set of bearing assemblies E swing in opposite directions.

[0043] With the continuous movement of the bearing assembly E along the movement track of the sprocket 10, i.e. along the arc segment of the chain transmission assembly C, the distance between the two adjacent chain plates 12 is reduced, and the two ends of the swing rod are subjected to the pushing force from the inner side of the two adjacent accommodating portions D, so that the swing rod in the bearing assembly E swings and is elongated in a reset manner. In this process, the two swing rods in the same set of bearing assemblies E swing in opposite directions under the pushing of the accommodating portion D and the release of the elastic potential energy of the compressed spring 31, and finally reset to the original state in which the supporting member is flat. This process can be seen from Figure 4 The schematic diagram can be regarded as the process from 3 o'clock to 6 o'clock in a clock.

[0044] In this embodiment, the end portions of the two adjacent bearing assemblies E have a distance therebetween to avoid interference between the two adjacent bearing assemblies E when the swing rod swings. Since the heating assembly is located in the annular area formed by the chain transmission assembly C, and the heated airflow flows upward from the bottom, the distance between the end portions of the two adjacent bearing assemblies E allows the hot airflow to directly act on the photoelectric conversion assembly. Similarly, the end portions of the two adjacent chain plates 12 have a distance therebetween, and the two adjacent accommodating portions D also have a distance therebetween, which are also for the hot airflow to flow.

[0045] The supporting member includes a first supporting plate 34, a second supporting plate 35, and a shaft 36, one end of the first supporting plate 34 and one end of the second supporting plate 35 are hingedly connected to the shaft 36. When the swing rod swings under the force, the swing rod transmits the force to the first supporting plate 34 and the second supporting plate 35 through the connecting rod 30, so that the first supporting plate 34 and the second supporting plate 35 rotate around the shaft 30. As can be seen, the supporting member can deform after being subjected to the force, which is beneficial to increase the flexibility of the supporting member and avoid damage to the supporting member due to the inability of the supporting member to deform.

[0046] The supporting member further includes a torsional spring which cooperates with the shaft 36, and the two ends of the torsional spring are connected to the first supporting plate 34 and the second supporting plate 35 respectively, and the torsional spring supports the first supporting plate 34 and the second supporting plate 35. Through the action of the torsional spring, the supporting member is in a flat state when the chain transmission assembly C is in a straight line segment, so as to make the photoelectric conversion assembly in a flat state. When the bearing assembly E moves to the arc segment corresponding to the sprocket 10, the supporting member will deform, and at this time the torsional spring is subjected to the force and accumulates the elastic potential energy. When the bearing assembly E switches from the arc segment to the straight line segment of the chain transmission assembly C, the torsional spring releases the spring potential energy, so that the supporting member returns to the flat state.

[0047] Based on the above pyrolysis equipment, likeFigures 1 to 4 The present invention also provides a method for recycling available resources in photovoltaic modules, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1, separate the frame of the photovoltaic module from the photoelectric conversion module. Figures 5 to 7 As shown, a photovoltaic module frame splitting device of the present invention includes a frame 41, a conveying mechanism 42, a support frame 43, a lifting frame 44, a lifting drive 45, and a splitting mechanism. The frame 41 is located below the splitting mechanism; the conveying mechanism 42 is arranged horizontally along the frame 41; the support frame 43 is located on the inner side of the frame 41; the lifting frame 44 cooperates with the support frame 43; the lifting drive 45 is fixed to the support frame 43, and the lifting drive 45 is connected to the lifting frame 44.

[0049] During operation, the photovoltaic module is placed on the conveying mechanism 42, which conveys the photovoltaic module to the top of the lifting frame 44. The lifting drive 45 operates to drive the lifting frame 44 upward, raising the photovoltaic module so that the frame of the photovoltaic module aligns with the joint 56. The splitting mechanism then operates to perform the splitting operation. After the splitting is completed, the splitting mechanism and the lifting drive 45 are reset. Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the advantage of improving splitting efficiency by automatically loading the photovoltaic module and automatically raising the frame of the photovoltaic module to the splitting position.

[0050] Frame 41 includes legs 41a and channel steel 41b. Conveying mechanism 42 includes driver 42a and belt drive mechanism 42b. Driver 42a is connected to a drive shaft of belt drive mechanism 42b, which is rotatably mounted on channel steel 41b. A belt in belt drive mechanism 42b is connected to the drive shaft, with a portion of the belt located within channel steel 41b. This structure, with a portion of the belt in belt drive mechanism 42b located within channel steel 41b and the remaining portion located outside, achieves the purpose of conveying photovoltaic modules while reducing the height of the device and making the disassembly device compact.

[0051] The frame 41 is provided with a guide mechanism for guiding the frame of the photovoltaic module on both sides of the conveying mechanism 42, which comprises a support assembly and a guide plate 46, the support assembly is fixed with the frame 41, and the guide plate 46 is fixed with the support assembly, and both ends of the guide plate 46 are bent to the outside of the frame 41. The two ends of the guide plate 46 are arranged in a curved shape, which facilitates the feeding and the automatic centering of the photovoltaic module under the action of the guide plate 46 during the conveying process of the photovoltaic module by the conveying mechanism 42. Generally, the size of each photovoltaic module frame is fixed, for example, the distance between the straight sections of the two guide plates 46 is slightly greater than the width of the photovoltaic module frame, and the distance between the curved sections of the two guide plates 46 is greater than the width of the photovoltaic module frame. When the photovoltaic module frame moves from the curved section area to the straight section area, the photovoltaic module is centered under the extrusion action of the guide plate 46, and the photovoltaic module is in gap cooperation with the straight sections of the two guide plates 46 in the straight section area of the guide plate 46.

[0052] The support assembly comprises a support seat 47, an adjusting rod 48 and a locking screw 49, the support seat 47 is fixed with the frame 41, the support seat 47 is provided with a threaded hole on the peripheral surface, and the support seat 47 is provided with an axial through hole; the adjusting rod 48 passes through the through hole on the support seat 47; when the adjusting rod 48 moves to a specified position, the locking screw 49 is threadedly connected with the threaded hole on the support seat 47 and abuts against the adjusting rod 48; and a connecting block 50 is fixed with the adjusting rod 48 and the guide plate 46 respectively.

[0053] For photovoltaic modules of different widths, the locking screw 49 is loosened during use, the adjusting rod 48 is moved, the two opposite guide plates 46 are moved, and the distance between the straight sections of the two guide plates 46 is slightly greater than the width of the photovoltaic module, and then the adjusting rod 48 is locked by the locking screw, so that the distance between the straight sections of the two guide plates 46 is fixed. Therefore, the structure of the present application can be applied to the feeding of photovoltaic modules of different widths.

[0054] The present application also comprises a disassembly mechanism for applying a disassembly force to the photovoltaic module, the disassembly mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor 51 and a transmission mechanism, the hydraulic motor 51 is connected with the input end of the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a gear box 52, a lead screw 53, a power output rod 54 and a transmission box body 55, the gear box 52 comprises a first bevel gear 52a, a second bevel gear 52b, a third bevel gear 52c, a fourth bevel gear 52d, a rotating shaft 52e, a sleeve 52f and a box body 52g, one end of the rotating shaft 52e is fixedly connected with the hydraulic motor 51, the first bevel gear 52a, the second bevel gear 52b, the third bevel gear 52c and the fourth bevel gear 52d are located in the box body 52g, and the first bevel gear 52a, the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c are connected with the box body 52g through first bearings respectively.

[0055] Part of the rotating shaft 52e is located in the box 52g, the rotating shaft 52e is fixedly connected with the first bevel gear 52a, the first bevel gear 52a is engaged with the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c respectively, the sleeve 52f is located in the box 52g, the sleeve 52f is provided with a through hole on the circumferential surface, the rotating shaft 52e passes through the through hole on the sleeve 52f and is matched with the fourth bevel gear 52d through the second bearing, the fourth bevel gear 52d is engaged with the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c respectively.

[0056] One end of the lead screw 53 is connected with the output end of the gear box 52, the third bearing is installed in the sleeve 52f, one end of the lead screw 53 is located in the box 52g, one end of the lead screw 53 is matched with the third bearing, the lead screw 53 in the embodiment is two and symmetrically arranged, one of the lead screws 53 passes through the second bevel gear 52b and is fixed with the second bevel gear 52b, the other lead screw 53 passes through the third bevel gear 52c and is fixed with the third bevel gear 52c, the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c are respectively installed on the side wall of the box 52g through the first bearing.

[0057] The power output rod 54 is threadedly matched with the lead screw 53, the transmission box 55 is arranged outside the gear box 52, the lead screw 53 is located in the transmission box 55, the lead screw 53 is rotatably connected with the transmission box 55, part of the power output rod 54 is located outside the transmission box 55, the part of the power output rod 54 located outside the transmission box 55 is provided with a combination part 56 combined with the frame of the photovoltaic module.

[0058] The split mechanism further comprises a guide rod 57 for smoothly and linearly moving the power output rod 54, the guide rod 57 is slidably matched with the power output rod 54, one end of the guide rod 57 is fixed with the outer wall surface of the gear box 52, the other end of the guide rod 57 is fixed with the inner wall surface of the transmission box 55.

[0059] When the hydraulic motor 51 works, the hydraulic motor 51 drives the rotating shaft 52e to rotate, the rotating shaft 52e drives the first bevel gear 52a to rotate, the first bevel gear 52a transmits power to the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c respectively, the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c rotate, when the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c rotate, the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c drive one of the lead screws 53 to rotate respectively, the lead screw 53 drives the power output rod 54 to move linearly, the combination part 56 at the end of the power output rod 54 is combined with the frame of the photovoltaic module, so as to exert outward pushing force on the frame of the photovoltaic module, under the continuous force of the hydraulic motor 51, the corner code in the frame of the photovoltaic module is broken, and the frame of the photovoltaic module is split.

[0060] In addition, since the fourth bevel gear 52d is engaged with the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c respectively, when the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c rotate, the fourth bevel gear 52d rotates under the driving of the second bevel gear 52b and the third bevel gear 52c. The transmission structure formed by the four bevel gears is very stable during operation, and the force borne by each gear and the bearing matched with the gear is very uniform, which is beneficial to reducing the wear of the bearing.

[0061] S2, the photoelectric conversion assembly is transferred to the bearing assembly E, and the containing part D, the bearing assembly E and the photoelectric conversion assembly are made to enter into the pyrolysis chamber A from the entrance of the pyrolysis chamber A under the conveying action of the chain transmission assembly C. Since the pyrolysis chamber A has the preheating section A1 and the pyrolysis section A2, the photoelectric conversion assembly is preheated in the preheating section A1 of the pyrolysis chamber A first, so that the backboard and the EVA adhesive layer are softened, the temperature in the preheating section A1 is 250-300 DEG C, after the preheating is finished, the photoelectric conversion assembly enters into the pyrolysis section A2 to be pyrolyzed to obtain the silicon wafer glass and the solder strip (the remaining unpyrolyzed substances), and the silicon wafer glass and the solder strip enter into the cooling section A3 along the containing part D and the bearing assembly E to be cooled.

[0062] S3, the EVA adhesive layer and the backboard in the photoelectric conversion assembly are decomposed into gas and discharged by the heat generated by the heating assembly B, the remaining unpyrolyzed substances enter into the containing part D, and the other part of the remaining unpyrolyzed substances is located on the bearing assembly E.

[0063] In the present application, the isolation section A4 is arranged between the pyrolysis section A2 and the cooling section A3, and the heating assembly B is arranged in the isolation section A4. The isolation section A4 is heated by the heating assembly B, so that the low-temperature airflow in the cooling section A3 is prevented from directly diffusing to the pyrolysis section A2, and the heating temperature of the pyrolysis section A2 is maintained in the set heating temperature range.

[0064] S4, when the containing part D and the bearing assembly E loaded with the remaining unpyrolyzed substances move along the movement track of the sprocket 10 under the continuous driving of the chain transmission assembly C, the remaining unpyrolyzed substances (the silicon wafer, the glass and the solder strip) loaded on the containing part D and the bearing assembly E are poured out, and the bearing assembly E swings when passing through the sprocket 10. The specific swinging process has been described in detail in the above pyrolysis device, and will not be described herein.

[0065] The heating temperature in the isolation section A4 is lower than the heating temperature in the pyrolysis section A2, so as to reduce the temperature of the remaining un-pyrolyzed materials moving into the isolation section A4. Since the temperature in the pyrolysis section A2 is 550-600℃, and the temperature in the isolation section A4 is lower than 300℃, when the remaining un-pyrolyzed materials move into the isolation section A4, the temperature of the remaining un-pyrolyzed materials can be reduced. Since the cooling method of the cooling section A3 is air cooling or cooling by cold air generated by a refrigeration device, the energy consumption for cooling the remaining un-pyrolyzed materials from the isolation section A4 is much less than that for cooling the remaining un-pyrolyzed materials directly from the pyrolysis section A2. Therefore, in the present application, the isolation section A4 can not only maintain the heating temperature of the pyrolysis section A2, but also reduce the energy consumption in the subsequent cooling process in the cooling section A3.

[0066] The present application also comprises the step of supplementing oxygen into the pyrolysis chamber A, the oxygen is injected into the pyrolysis chamber A from the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber A, so that the oxygen flows through the area where the heating assembly B is located, and then flows to the photoelectric conversion assembly moving in the pyrolysis chamber. The supplemented oxygen can make the photoelectric conversion assembly be sufficiently pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber A.

[0067] The pyrolysis chamber A is provided with an oxygen content sensor, and the flow of the supplemented oxygen is controlled according to the data detected by the oxygen content sensor. For example, the data collected by the oxygen content sensor is sent to an industrial computer, and the industrial computer controls the opening of the oxygen supplement valve to control the flow of the supplemented oxygen. The oxygen supplement valve is connected with an oxygen supply device, which can be an oxygen cylinder.

[0068] The present application also comprises the step of providing lubricating oil to the chain wheel 10 and the chain 11 by a lubricating oil supply mechanism F, so that the chain 11 will not be stuck when moving along the moving track of the chain wheel 10. The lubricating oil supply mechanism F provides lubricating oil to the chain wheel 10 and the chain 11 respectively during the rotation process.

Claims

1. A method for recycling available resources in photovoltaic modules, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, separating the frame on the photovoltaic module from the photoelectric conversion module; S2, transferring the photoelectric conversion assembly to the carrier assembly (E), and allowing the accommodating portion (D), the carrier assembly (E), and the photoelectric conversion assembly to enter the pyrolysis chamber (A) from the entrance of the pyrolysis chamber (A) under the conveying action of the chain plate transmission assembly (C); S3, the heat generated by the heating component (B) causes the EVA adhesive layer and the backsheet in the photovoltaic conversion component to decompose into gas and be discharged. A portion of the unpyrolyzed residue of the photovoltaic conversion component enters the receiving portion (D), and another portion of the unpyrolyzed residue is located on the supporting component (E); S4, when the chain plate transmission assembly (C) is continuously driven, the accommodating portion (D) and the bearing assembly (E) carrying the residual material move along the motion trajectory of the sprocket (10), causing the residual material carried on the accommodating portion (D) and the bearing assembly (E) to fall outward, and the bearing assembly (E) generates movement when passing the sprocket (10) of the chain plate transmission assembly (C); The accommodating portion (D) is provided with a notch (20), and the end of the bearing assembly (E) extends into the notch and is hinged to the accommodating portion (D); The accommodating portion (D) comprises a bottom plate (21) and a ring wall (22). After the ring wall (22) and the bottom plate (21) are fixed, a accommodating cavity (23) for accommodating the residue after pyrolysis of the photoelectric conversion component is formed between the ring wall (22) and the bottom plate (21). The notch (20) is provided on the ring wall (22). There is a distance between the ends of two adjacent bearing assemblies (E), and the bearing assembly (E) comprises: a connecting rod (30); A swing rod, one end of which is hinged to the accommodating portion (D), and the other end of which is hinged to one end of the connecting rod (30); A supporting component for carrying the photoelectric conversion component, wherein the end of the supporting component is hinged to the other end of the connecting rod (30); A spring (31), one end of the spring (31) cooperates with one end of the swing rod, and the other end of the spring (31) cooperates with the other end of the swing rod; The swing lever comprises an inner rod (32) and an outer tube (33), one end of the inner rod (32) is hinged to the accommodating portion (D), one end of the outer tube (33) is sleeved on the inner rod (32) so that the swing lever becomes a telescopic rod that can be extended or shortened, and the other end of the outer tube (33) is hinged to the connecting rod (30); a protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the inner rod (32), and a slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the outer tube (33), the protrusion and the slide groove are slidably matched, and when the swing lever is extended or shortened, the inner rod (32) and the outer tube (33) are guided by the cooperation of the protrusion and the slide groove.

2. The method for recycling available resources in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the photoelectric conversion component is first preheated in the preheating section (A1) in the pyrolysis chamber (A) to soften the backboard and the EVA adhesive layer. After the preheating is completed, it enters the pyrolysis section (A2) for pyrolysis to obtain the residue. The residue is cooled from the cooling section (A3) along the accommodating portion (D) and the supporting component (E).

3. The method for recycling available resources in photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: An isolation section (A4) is provided between the pyrolysis section (A2) and the cooling section (A3), and the heating component (B) is installed in the isolation section (A4). The isolation section (A4) is heated by the heating component (B) to prevent the low-temperature airflow of the cooling section (A3) from directly diffusing to the pyrolysis section (A2), and to maintain the heating temperature of the pyrolysis section (A2) within a set heating temperature range.

4. The method for recycling available resources in photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating temperature set in the isolation section (A4) is lower than the heating temperature set in the pyrolysis section (A2), so as to reduce the temperature of the residue moved into the isolation section (A4).

5. The method for recycling available resources in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the chain plate (12) in the chain plate transmission assembly (C) moves along the trajectory of the sprocket (10), the distance between two adjacent chain plates (12) increases from a small distance, and the two ends of the swing rod are respectively subjected to the pulling force of the inner sides of the two adjacent accommodating parts (D), so that the swing rod in the bearing assembly (E) swings and shortens.

6. The method for recycling available resources in photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the chain plate (12) in the chain plate transmission assembly (C) moves along the trajectory of the sprocket (10), the distance between two adjacent chain plates (12) decreases, and the two ends of the swing rod are respectively pushed by the inner sides of the two adjacent accommodating portions (D), causing the swing rod in the bearing assembly (E) to swing and extend in a reset manner.

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