A removable formwork for culvert pouring and a method of using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses a non-removable formwork for culvert casting and its application method, belonging to the field of culvert construction technology. It addresses the problem that existing methods for constructing taller culverts require custom production, leading to higher overall construction costs and making transportation and installation inconvenient due to their large size. The formwork includes symmetrically distributed supports one and two, with their tops covered by a top plate. Inside supports one and two, from top to bottom, are a connecting seat and a vertical plate. A heightening seat is installed between the connecting seat and the vertical plate. Both supports one and two are composed of a vertical plate, a heightening seat, and a connecting seat. The number of heightening seats can be adjusted to meet the support requirements of culverts of different heights.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A non-removable formwork for culvert construction and its application method are disclosed. This invention belongs to the field of culvert construction technology, specifically relating to the field of non-removable formwork for culvert construction. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional arched culvert and tunnel construction techniques typically employ full-span scaffolding to support the formwork during the pouring of concrete for highway arched culverts and tunnels. When the concrete is poured and the formwork is removed, all the scaffolding must be dismantled before the next construction step can begin. This method has several drawbacks, including high initial investment in formwork and scaffolding, low turnover rate, low labor efficiency, and cumbersome operation.

[0003] To solve the above problems, precast formwork was invented. However, most precast formwork is currently cast in one piece at the production base. For some tall culverts, custom production is required, which makes the overall construction cost higher. At the same time, due to its large size, it is also very inconvenient to transport and install. In order to meet the construction of wider or taller culverts, we propose a non-removable formwork for culvert casting and its usage method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a non-removable formwork for culvert casting and its usage method, so as to solve the problems mentioned above. For some tall culverts, custom production is required, which results in high overall construction costs. At the same time, due to their large size, they are also very inconvenient for transportation and installation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A non-removable formwork for culvert casting includes symmetrically distributed support one and support two. The tops of support one and support two are covered by a top plate. Inside support one and support two, a connecting seat and a vertical plate are arranged from top to bottom. A heightening seat is installed between the connecting seat and the vertical plate.

[0007] In the technical solution of this application, the overall structure of the culvert is formed by combining support one, support two and top plate. Support one and support two are both composed of connecting seats, raising seats and vertical plates. The number of raising seats can be selected according to the height of the culvert to meet the support requirements of culverts of different heights. This eliminates the need for customization of taller culvert support components, thus greatly reducing the cost of use. At the same time, the use of modular components instead of traditional one-piece components also facilitates transportation and installation.

[0008] Furthermore, horizontal plates are installed at the bottom ends of the opposing surfaces of the internal vertical plates of both the support one and the support two, and inclined plates are installed at the bottom ends of the opposing surfaces of the internal vertical plates of both the support one and the support two. A groove is provided at the top of the vertical plate, and a slot is distributed at the bottom of the groove. A boss is provided at the bottom of the heightening seat corresponding to the position of the groove, and a retaining plate is installed at the bottom of the boss corresponding to the position of the slot.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the boss is provided with limiting guard plates on both sides, which are fastened to the outside of the groove. The top of the heightening seat is provided with a groove, and the bottom of the groove is provided with slots. The bottom of the connecting seat is provided with a boss, which is corresponding to the groove. A card plate is installed at the bottom of the boss, which is fastened inside the slot.

[0010] Furthermore, the surface of the connecting seat is provided with a Z-shaped platform, and the two sides of the top plate are provided with buckle plates corresponding to the Z-shaped platform. The buckle plates are provided with through holes, and the top of the connecting seat is provided with a locking post corresponding to the through hole.

[0011] Furthermore, an auxiliary support is provided between the first support and the second support. The top of the auxiliary support is connected to a widening frame via an extension seat. One side of the top of the widening frame is installed on the top of the first support, and a top plate is also installed between the other side of the top of the widening frame and the top of the second support. Inclined plates are provided on both sides of the bottom of the auxiliary support.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the widening frame is provided with an auxiliary connecting plate. The connection structure between the auxiliary connecting plate and the heightening seat corresponds to the connection structure between the heightening seat and the connecting seat. The connection structure between the auxiliary support and the heightening seat corresponds to the connection structure between the heightening seat and the support. The top of the auxiliary connecting plate is provided with a sub-plate. One side of the sub-plate is also provided with a buckle plate. The other side of the sub-plate is provided with a Z-shaped platform. A connecting hole is opened on the buckle plate on the side of the sub-plate. A second connecting groove is opened on the side of the connecting hole. A first connecting groove is opened on the side of the through hole in the top plate. The through hole, the first connecting groove, the second connecting groove and the connecting hole are connected. Fastening plates are installed in adjacent first and second connecting grooves. The bottom of the fastening plate is provided with protruding posts that are respectively stuck inside the through hole and the connecting hole.

[0013] A method for using a non-removable formwork for culvert casting includes the following steps:

[0014] 1) Foundation pit treatment: Excavate the foundation pit and treat the foundation for those that do not meet the bearing capacity requirements; lay a gravel cushion layer at the bottom of the foundation, compact it, and then pour a concrete base layer; test the elevation and flatness of the concrete base layer, and level the parts that do not meet the requirements with high-strength cement mortar.

[0015] 2) Formwork selection: Prepare support one, support two, top slab, auxiliary support and widening frame according to the specifications of the culvert to be constructed, and transport them to the construction site by transport vehicles;

[0016] 3) Assembly of support formwork: Install vertical plates on both sides of the bottom of the foundation pit. When installing, pay attention to the alignment of the horizontal plates with the pit walls. Select the appropriate number of extension seats according to the depth of the foundation pit. Then install the extension seats on the top of the vertical plates. Install the connecting seat on the top of the uppermost extension seat to complete the assembly of support one and support two. Waterproof glue is filled on the contact surfaces between the vertical plates and the extension seats, as well as between the extension seats and the connecting seats. Rubber waterproof pads are also installed. The auxiliary supports between support one and support two are installed in the same way.

[0017] 4) Assembly of top formwork: Install the widening frame between the top of support one and the top of the auxiliary support. Also install the widening frame between the auxiliary supports. Install the top plate between the auxiliary support and support two. Connect the adjacent widening frames with fastening plates. At the same time, connect the adjacent widening frames and the top plate with fastening plates. This completes the installation.

[0018] 5) Re-pouring of the base slab: Re-build the steel reinforcement cage at the bottom of the foundation pit, with the horizontal plate placed inside the steel reinforcement cage, and then pour the concrete fixing layer; check the elevation and flatness of the concrete base layer, and use high-strength cement mortar to level any parts that do not meet the requirements.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. Both support one and support two are composed of vertical plates, heightening seats and connecting seats. The number of heightening seats can be adjusted to meet the needs of culvert support at different heights.

[0021] 2. The auxiliary support and widening frame designed in this invention are used in combination with support one, support two and the top plate. Thus, by adjusting the number of auxiliary supports and widening frames used, the application of culverts of different widths can be met, thereby expanding the scope of application.

[0022] 3. In addition to the card plate and card slot structure between the vertical plate and the height-increasing seat, as well as between the height-increasing seat and the connecting seat, there are also limit guard plate one and limit guard plate two designed to prevent tilting. This ensures the firmness of the connection between the two. Furthermore, the design of the fastening plate also increases the firmness of the connection between the top plate and the widening frame.

[0023] 4. In this invention, the foundation is leveled and poured first, and then the required support one, support two and auxiliary support are installed. After the installation is completed, the steel cage is woven and poured. This allows the bottom of support one, support two and auxiliary support to be firmly fixed in the foundation, thereby preventing the whole structure from moving. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the widened three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the widened first cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the widened second cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0028] 1-Support 1; 2-Support 2; 3-Top plate; 4-Auxiliary support; 5-Widening frame; 6-Vertical plate; 7-Horizontal plate; 8-Sloping plate; 9-Heightening seat; 10-Groove 1; 11-Protrusion 1; 12-Limiting guard plate 1; 13-Slot 1; 14-Slot 1; 15-Connecting seat; 16-Slot 2; 17-Slot 2; 18-Groove 2; 19-Protrusion 2; 20-Limiting guard plate 2; 21-Z-shaped platform; 22-Through hole; 23-Connecting groove 1; 24-Card post; 25-Snap plate; 26-Auxiliary connecting plate; 27-Sub-plate; 28-Connecting hole; 29-Connecting groove 2; 30-Fastening plate; 31-Protruding post. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a non-removable formwork for culvert casting includes symmetrically distributed supports 1 and 2. The tops of supports 1 and 2 are covered by a top plate 3. Inside supports 1 and 2, connecting seats 15 and vertical plates 6 are arranged from top to bottom. A heightening seat 9 is installed between connecting seats 15 and vertical plates 6.

[0032] In the technical solution of this application, the culvert support structure is formed by combining support 1, support 2 and top plate 3. Support 1 and support 2 are both composed of connecting seat 15, raising seat 9 and vertical plate 6. The number of raising seats 9 can be selected according to the height of the culvert to meet the support requirements of culverts of different heights. This eliminates the need for customization of taller culvert support components, thus greatly reducing the cost of use. At the same time, the use of modular components instead of traditional integrated components also facilitates transportation and installation.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, based on embodiment 1, horizontal plates 7 are installed at the bottom of the opposing surfaces of the vertical plates 6 inside support 1 and support 2. The horizontal plates 7 increase the overall contact area with the ground, thereby improving the stability of the installation. Inclined plates 8 are installed at the bottom of the opposing surfaces of the vertical plates 6 inside support 1 and support 2. This makes the corresponding surfaces of support 1 and support 2 both inclined plates 8, which makes the area closer to the ground narrower, thereby increasing the water flow rate and reducing the accumulation of sand and gravel. The top of the vertical plate 6 is provided with a groove 10, and the bottom of the groove 10 is provided with a slot 13. The bottom of the riser 9 is provided with a boss 11 at the position corresponding to the groove 10. The bottom of the boss 11 is provided with a locking plate 14 at the position corresponding to the slot 13. Through the correspondence between the boss 11 and the groove 10, the locking plate 14 is inserted into the slot 13, thereby making the vertical plate 6 and the riser 9 have a good connection firmness.

[0035] The bottom of the boss 11 is provided with limiting guard plates 12 that are fastened to the outside of the groove 10, which can prevent the connection between the vertical plate 6 and the riser 9 from being misaligned. The top of the riser 9 is provided with a groove 18, and the bottom of the groove 18 is provided with slots 16. The bottom of the connecting seat 15 is provided with a boss 19 corresponding to the groove 18. A retaining plate 17 is installed at the bottom of the boss 19 and is fastened inside the slot 16, which ensures the connection between the connecting seat 15 and the riser 9. The user can adjust the number of risers 9 used according to the height of the culvert.

[0036] The surface of the connecting seat 15 is provided with a Z-shaped platform 21. The top plate 3 is provided with buckle plates 25 on both sides corresponding to the Z-shaped platform 21. The buckle plates 25 are provided with through holes 22. The top of the connecting seat 15 is provided with a locking post 24 corresponding to the through hole 22, which ensures a good connection between the top plate 3 and the connecting seat 15.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] like Figures 2 to 4As shown in the figure, based on embodiment 1, an auxiliary support 4 is provided between support 1 and support 2. The top of the auxiliary support 4 is connected to a widening frame 5 via a heightening seat 9. One side of the top of the widening frame 5 is installed on the top of support 1, and a top plate 3 is also installed between the other side of the top of the widening frame 5 and the top of support 2. This allows the user to select and use the auxiliary support 4 and the widening frame 5 according to the width of the culvert, thereby meeting the needs of culverts of different widths. Inclined plates 8 are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the auxiliary support 4 to reduce the accumulation of sand and gravel at the bottom end.

[0039] An auxiliary connecting plate 26 is provided at the bottom of the widening frame 5. The connection structure between the auxiliary connecting plate 26 and the heightening seat 9 corresponds to the connection structure between the heightening seat 9 and the connecting seat 15. The connection structure between the auxiliary support 4 and the heightening seat 9 corresponds to the connection structure between the heightening seat 9 and the support 1. A sub-plate 27 is provided at the top of the auxiliary connecting plate 26. A buckle plate 25 is also provided on one side of the sub-plate 27. A Z-shaped platform 21 is provided on the other side of the sub-plate 27. An opening is provided on the buckle plate 25 on the side of the sub-plate 27. A connecting hole 28 is provided, and a connecting groove 29 is provided on the side of the connecting hole 28. A connecting groove 23 is provided on the side of the through hole 22 in the top plate 3. The through hole 22, the connecting groove 23, the connecting groove 29 and the connecting hole 28 are connected to each other. Fastening plates 30 are installed in adjacent connecting grooves 23 and 29. The bottom end of the fastening plate 30 is provided with protruding posts 31 that are respectively stuck in the through hole 22 and the connecting hole 28, ensuring the connection between the top plate 3 and the sub-plate 27.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] A method for using a non-removable formwork for culvert casting includes the following steps:

[0042] 1. Foundation pit treatment: Excavate the foundation pit and treat the foundation for those that do not meet the bearing capacity requirements; lay a gravel cushion layer at the bottom of the foundation, compact it, and then pour a concrete base layer; test the elevation and flatness of the concrete base layer, and level the parts that do not meet the requirements with high-strength cement mortar.

[0043] 2. Formwork selection: Prepare support 1, support 2, top slab 3, auxiliary support 4 and widening frame 5 according to the specifications of the culvert to be constructed, and transport them to the construction site by transport vehicles;

[0044] 3. Assembly of support formwork: Install vertical plates 6 on both sides of the bottom of the foundation pit. During installation, pay attention to the alignment of the horizontal plates 7 with the pit walls. Select the appropriate number of extension seats 9 according to the depth of the foundation pit. Then install the extension seats 9 on the top of the vertical plates 6. Install the connecting seat 15 on the top of the uppermost extension seat 9. This completes the assembly of support 1 and support 2. Waterproof glue is filled on the contact surfaces of the vertical plates 6 and extension seats 9, as well as the contact surfaces of extension seats 9 and connecting seats 15. Rubber waterproof pads are also installed. The auxiliary support 4 between support 1 and support 2 is installed in the same way.

[0045] 4. Assembly of the top formwork: Install the widening frame 5 between the top of support 1 and the top of auxiliary support 4. Also install the widening frame 5 between auxiliary supports 4. Install the top plate 3 between auxiliary support 4 and support 2. Connect the adjacent widening frames 5 with fastening plates 30. At the same time, connect the adjacent widening frames 5 and the top plate 3 with fastening plates 30. This completes the installation.

[0046] 5. Re-pouring of the base slab: Rebuild the steel reinforcement cage at the bottom of the foundation pit. The horizontal plate 7 should be placed inside the steel reinforcement cage. Then pour the concrete fixing layer. Check the elevation and flatness of the concrete base layer. Use high-strength cement mortar to level any parts that do not meet the requirements.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-removable formwork for culvert casting, characterized in that: It includes symmetrically distributed support one (1) and support two (2), the top of support one (1) and support two (2) are covered by a top plate (3), and the inside of support one (1) and support two (2) is arranged from top to bottom as a connecting seat (15) and a vertical plate (6), and a heightening seat (9) is installed between the connecting seat (15) and the vertical plate (6); A horizontal plate (7) is installed at the bottom of the opposing surfaces of the vertical plates (6) inside the support one (1) and the support two (2). An inclined plate (8) is installed at the bottom of the opposite surfaces of the vertical plates (6) inside the support one (1) and the support two (2). A groove one (10) is provided at the top of the vertical plate (6). A slot one (13) is distributed at the bottom of the groove one (10). A boss one (11) is provided at the bottom of the heightening seat (9) corresponding to the position of the groove one (10). A locking plate one (14) is installed at the bottom of the boss one (11) corresponding to the position of the slot one (13). The bottom of the boss (11) is provided with limiting guard plate (12) on both sides, which is fastened to the outside of the groove (10). The top of the heightening seat (9) is provided with groove (18). The bottom of the groove (18) is provided with slot (16). The bottom of the connecting seat (15) is provided with boss (19) corresponding to groove (18). The bottom of the boss (19) is provided with a card plate (17) that is fastened inside the slot (16).

2. The formwork for culvert casting that does not need to be removed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the connecting seat (15) is provided with a Z-shaped platform (21), and the top plate (3) is provided with buckle plates (25) on both sides corresponding to the Z-shaped platform (21). The buckle plates (25) are provided with through holes (22), and the top of the connecting seat (15) is provided with a locking post (24) corresponding to the through hole (22).

3. The formwork for culvert casting that does not need to be removed according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary support (4) is provided between the support one (1) and the support two (2). The top of the auxiliary support (4) is connected to a widening frame (5) via a heightening seat (9). One side of the top of the widening frame (5) is installed on the top of the support one (1), and a top plate (3) is also installed between the other side of the top of the widening frame (5) and the top of the support two (2). Inclined plates (8) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the auxiliary support (4).

4. The formwork for culvert casting that does not need to be removed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the widening frame (5) is provided with an auxiliary connecting plate (26). The connection structure between the auxiliary connecting plate (26) and the heightening seat (9) corresponds to the connection structure between the heightening seat (9) and the connecting seat (15). The connection structure between the auxiliary support (4) and the heightening seat (9) corresponds to the connection structure between the heightening seat (9) and the support (1). The top end of the auxiliary connecting plate (26) is provided with a sub-plate (27). One side of the sub-plate (27) is also provided with a buckle plate (25). The other side of the sub-plate (27) is provided with a Z-shaped platform (21). 7) A connecting hole (28) is provided on the side of the buckle plate (25). A connecting groove 2 (29) is provided on the side of the connecting hole (28). A connecting groove 1 (23) is provided on the side of the through hole (22) in the top plate (3). The through hole (22), connecting groove 1 (23), connecting groove 2 (29) and connecting hole (28) are connected to each other. Fastening plates (30) are installed in adjacent connecting groove 1 (23) and connecting groove 2 (29). The bottom end of the fastening plate (30) is provided with protrusions (31) that are respectively stuck in the through hole (22) and connecting hole (28).

5. A method for using a non-removable formwork for culvert casting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: 1) Foundation pit treatment: Excavate the foundation pit and treat the foundation for those that do not meet the bearing capacity requirements; lay a gravel cushion layer at the bottom of the foundation, compact it, and then pour a concrete base layer; test the elevation and flatness of the concrete base layer, and level the parts that do not meet the requirements with high-strength cement mortar. 2) Selection of templates: Prepare support one (1), support two (2), top plate (3), auxiliary support (4) and widening frame (5) according to the specifications of the culvert to be constructed, and transport them to the construction site by transport vehicles; 3) Assembly of support template: Install vertical plates (6) on both sides of the bottom of the foundation pit. When installing, pay attention to the horizontal plate (7) corresponding to the pit wall. Select the appropriate number of lifting seats (9) according to the depth of the foundation pit. Then install the lifting seats (9) on the top of the vertical plate (6). Install the connecting seat (15) on the top of the uppermost lifting seat (9). This completes the assembly of support one (1) and support two (2). Waterproof glue is filled on the contact surfaces of the vertical plate (6) and the lifting seat (9) and the lifting seat (9) and the connecting seat (15). Rubber waterproof pads are also set. The auxiliary support (4) between support one (1) and support two (2) is installed in the same way. 4) Assembly of top formwork: Install a widening frame (5) between the top of support one (1) and the top of auxiliary support (4), and also install a widening frame (5) between auxiliary support (4). Install a top plate (3) between auxiliary support (4) and support two (2). Connect adjacent widening frames (5) with fastening plates (30). At the same time, connect adjacent widening frames (5) and top plate (3) with fastening plates (30). Thus, the installation is completed. 5) Re-pouring of the base plate: Rebuild the steel reinforcement frame at the bottom of the foundation pit. The horizontal plate (7) should be placed inside the steel reinforcement frame. Then pour the concrete fixing layer. Check the elevation and flatness of the concrete base. Use high-strength cement mortar to level the parts that do not meet the requirements.

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