A passive minimal lubrication system based on extreme environments

Abstract

A passive minimal lubrication system for extreme environments relates to the field of mechanical processing technology. One air delivery port of an air pump is connected to a nozzle via a first air pipe, which is provided with a first throttle valve. Another air delivery port of the air pump is connected to the air inlet of an air motor via a second air pipe, which is provided with a second throttle valve. The output shaft of the air motor is connected to the input shaft of a peristaltic pump via a coupling. The liquid outlet of a lubricating liquid tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the peristaltic pump via a first liquid delivery pipe, which is connected to the liquid inlet of the nozzle via a second liquid delivery pipe. The other end of the nozzle is provided with a nozzle, and both the nozzle air inlet and the nozzle liquid inlet are connected to the nozzle inner cavity. The present invention can control the nozzle gas-liquid ratio and the nozzle injection speed at any time according to environmental changes, and has better adaptability in extreme environments such as deep sea, deep earth, and deep space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and in particular to a passive minimal lubrication system based on extreme environments. Background Art

[0002] Traditional minimal lubrication systems rely on a motor to supply water to the front-end nozzle. However, due to the limited space and harsh conditions in extreme environments, it is relatively difficult to carry the motor, change the spray speed, and form the atomization state. As a result, traditional lubrication systems are difficult to respond to sudden changes in the environment, and may even fail to operate due to the lack of a power source. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a passive minimal lubrication system based on extreme environments, which can control the nozzle gas-liquid ratio and injection speed at any time according to environmental changes, and has better adaptability in extreme environments such as deep sea, deep earth, and deep space.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve its inventive purpose is: a passive minimal lubrication system based on extreme environments, whose structure is: one air supply port of the air pump is connected to the nozzle air inlet at one end of the nozzle through a first air pipe, and a first throttle valve is provided on the first air pipe, and another air supply port of the air pump is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic motor through a second air pipe, and a second throttle valve is provided on the second air pipe; the output shaft of the pneumatic motor is connected to the input shaft of the peristaltic pump through a coupling; the liquid outlet of the lubricating liquid tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the peristaltic pump through a first liquid supply pipe, and the liquid outlet of the peristaltic pump is connected to the nozzle liquid inlet of the nozzle through a second liquid supply pipe; a nozzle is provided at the other end of the nozzle, and the nozzle air inlet and the nozzle liquid inlet are both connected to the inner cavity of the nozzle.

[0005] During operation, gas output by the air pump passes through the first and second air pipes and is input into the nozzle air inlet and the air motor air inlet, respectively. This input airflow drives the air motor to rotate, which in turn drives the peristaltic pump to rotate. The peristaltic pump draws lubricating fluid from the lubricating fluid tank and inputs it into the nozzle inlet. The lubricating fluid and gas are controlled by the first throttle valve and the second flow valve to reach a predetermined ratio (for example, a 1:7 ratio by volume). After being thoroughly mixed in the nozzle cavity, they are ejected through the nozzle.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the pneumatic motor is a screw-type pneumatic motor, and the coupling is a universal coupling.

[0007] Screw-type pneumatic motors are more stable than vane-type pneumatic motors when running at low speeds, but their structure is relatively complex and they occupy a larger area. In addition, because they require sealing and the output shaft does not rotate at a fixed point, they have higher requirements on working conditions and require relatively stable working conditions. Therefore, they are more often used for minimal lubrication in workshop processing, ultra-precision processing and other working conditions.

[0008] As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pneumatic motor is a vane-type pneumatic motor, and the coupling is a fixed coupling.

[0009] Under high-speed operation, the output of vane-type pneumatic motors is more stable than that of screw-type pneumatic motors. They have a simple structure and are less affected by the external environment, so they are more suitable for use in extreme environments.

[0010] Furthermore, the structure of the nozzle is as follows: it includes an outer tube and an inner tube, the right end of the outer tube is the nozzle air inlet, and the left end is the nozzle; the inner tube is parallelly sleeved inside the middle section of the outer tube, the outer diameter of the right section of the inner tube is adapted to the inner diameter of the outer tube and is fixedly connected, and the fixed connection method here can be a threaded connection or bonding, etc., the nozzle air inlet is connected to the inner cavity of the inner tube, the outer diameters of the left section and the middle section of the inner tube are smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube, and an interlayer liquid delivery cavity is formed between the left section and the middle section of the inner tube and the outer tube; a through hole perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner tube is provided on the outer tube at a position corresponding to the middle section of the inner tube as the nozzle liquid inlet, and the nozzle liquid inlet is connected to the interlayer liquid delivery cavity; the inner cavity of the inner tube and the interlayer liquid delivery cavity are both connected to the inner cavity of the nozzle.

[0011] This structure allows the lubricating liquid and gas to smoothly pass through the interlayer liquid delivery cavity and the inner tube cavity into the nozzle cavity, and then be fully mixed in the nozzle cavity and ejected through the nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, at least two connecting parts are provided between the outer surface of the left section of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube, and the positions and sizes of the connecting parts are set so that the interlayer liquid feeding cavity will not be separated into two parts that are not communicated with each other.

[0013] In this way, the inner tube sleeved on the middle part of the outer tube is made more firm and reliable.

[0014] Furthermore, the nozzle has a conical shape.

[0015] Furthermore, the nozzle cavity is composed of a contraction section and an expansion section. The contraction section has a circular cross-section diameter that decreases from large to small at the inlet of the nozzle cavity and contracts to a narrow throat structure in the middle. The expansion section has a circular cross-section that increases from small to large after the narrow throat to the outlet of the nozzle cavity. The inner tube cavity and the interlayer liquid delivery cavity are both connected to the contraction section.

[0016] This nozzle uses a Laval structure as the inner cavity structure of the nozzle, making the ejected lubricating fluid more stable and discrete, covering a wider area, and its injection effect is better than that of traditional minimal lubrication systems.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The volume of the present invention is smaller than that of the traditional minimal lubrication system, the overall structure is lighter, and the adaptability scenario is wider.

[0019] Second, this invention is a passive system that utilizes a pneumatic motor instead of an electric motor. It offers advantages such as compact size, high power, and high adaptability. The pneumatic motor has excellent quick-start / braking performance, making it suitable for frequent starting applications. It also has high starting torque and can start under load, resulting in a longer service life. It is unaffected by the external environment (because the internal pressure of the pneumatic motor is greater than the external pressure during startup, it can operate in harsh environments such as water, dusty, humid, and dirty environments), and is safe and explosion-proof. Furthermore, it reduces the overall power source, making it suitable for use in extreme environments such as deep-sea mining, where electric motors are inconvenient to carry.

[0020] 3. The throttle valve can be adjusted to adjust the input gas flow rate, which can quickly and easily achieve stepless speed regulation of the pneumatic motor.

[0021] 4. The nozzle of the present invention adopts a Laval structure as the inner cavity structure of the nozzle, and the injection effect obtained from experiments is better than that of the traditional minimal lubrication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A top view of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a right side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the nozzle of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top view of the nozzle of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along AA;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along BB;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along CC;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a top view of Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Figures 1 to 8 A specific embodiment of the passive minimal lubrication system provided by the present invention under extreme environments is shown, and its structure is as follows:

[0034] One air supply port of the air pump 1 is connected to the nozzle air inlet 3a at one end of the nozzle 3 through the first air pipe 2, and a first throttle valve 4 is provided on the first air pipe 2. The other air supply port of the air pump 1 is connected to the air inlet of the air motor 6 through the second air pipe 5, and a second throttle valve 7 is provided on the second air pipe 5; the output shaft of the air motor 6 is connected to the input shaft of the peristaltic pump 9 through the coupling 8; the liquid outlet of the lubricating liquid tank 10 is connected to the liquid inlet of the peristaltic pump 9 through the first liquid supply pipe 11, and the liquid outlet of the peristaltic pump 9 is connected to the nozzle liquid inlet 3b of the nozzle 3 through the second liquid supply pipe 12; the other end of the nozzle 3 is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle air inlet 3a and the nozzle liquid inlet 3b are both connected to the nozzle inner cavity 3c.

[0035] In this embodiment, the nozzle 3, the pneumatic motor 6, and the peristaltic pump 9 are respectively mounted on the chassis base of the lubrication system via a nozzle support 13, a pneumatic motor support 14, and a peristaltic pump support 15.

[0036] In this embodiment, the pneumatic motor 6 is a screw-type pneumatic motor, and the coupling 8 is a universal coupling.

[0037] Since screw pneumatic motors require sealing and the output shaft does not rotate at a fixed point, they have high requirements for working conditions and require relatively stable working conditions. Therefore, they are more commonly used for minimal lubrication in workshop processing, ultra-precision processing and other working conditions.

[0038] In this embodiment, the structure of the nozzle 3 is: it includes an outer tube 301 and an inner tube 302, the right end of the outer tube 301 is the nozzle air inlet 3a, and the left end is the nozzle; the inner tube 302 is parallelly sleeved inside the middle section of the outer tube 301, the outer diameter of the right section of the inner tube 302 is adapted to the inner diameter of the outer tube 301 and is fixedly connected, the nozzle air inlet 3a is connected with the inner tube cavity 3d, the outer diameters of the left and middle sections of the inner tube 302 are smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 301, and an interlayer liquid feeding cavity 3e is formed between the left and middle sections of the inner tube 302 and the outer tube 301; a through hole perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner tube 302 is provided on the outer tube 301 at a position corresponding to the middle section of the inner tube 302 as the nozzle liquid inlet 3b, the nozzle liquid inlet 3b is connected with the interlayer liquid feeding cavity 3e; the inner tube cavity 3d and the interlayer liquid feeding cavity 3e are both connected with the nozzle cavity 3c.

[0039] Two connecting parts 303 are provided between the outer surface of the left section of the inner tube 302 and the inner surface of the outer tube 301. The positions and sizes of the connecting parts are set so that the interlayer liquid feeding cavity 3e will not be separated into two parts that are not connected to each other.

[0040] In this embodiment, the nozzle has a conical shape.

[0041] The nozzle cavity 3c is composed of a contraction section 3c' and an expansion section 3c". The contraction section 3c' has a circular cross-section diameter that decreases from large to small at the inlet of the nozzle cavity 3c and contracts to a narrow throat structure in the middle. The expansion section 3c" has a circular cross-section that increases from small to large after the narrow throat to the outlet of the nozzle cavity 3c. The inner tube cavity 3d and the interlayer liquid feeding cavity 3e are both connected to the contraction section 3c'.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figures 4 to 9 As shown, the structures of this embodiment and embodiment 1 are basically the same, the only difference is that the pneumatic motor 6 is a vane-type pneumatic motor and the coupling 8 is a fixed coupling.

[0044] The output of the vane pneumatic motor is more stable than that of the screw pneumatic motor. It has a simple structure, is less affected by the external environment, and is more suitable for use in extreme environments.

[0045] The above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations and modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not possible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any obvious variations or modifications arising from the technical solution of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A passive minimal lubrication system for extreme environments, characterized by: An air supply port of the air pump (1) is connected to the nozzle air inlet (3a) at one end of the nozzle (3) through a first air pipe (2), a first throttle valve (4) is provided on the first air pipe (2), and another air supply port of the air pump (1) is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic motor (6) through a second air pipe (5), a second throttle valve (7) is provided on the second air pipe (5); the output shaft of the pneumatic motor (6) is connected to the input shaft of the peristaltic pump (9) through a coupling (8); the liquid outlet of the lubricating liquid tank (10) is connected to the liquid inlet of the peristaltic pump (9) through a first liquid supply pipe (11), and the liquid outlet of the peristaltic pump (9) is connected to the nozzle liquid inlet (3b) of the nozzle (3) through a second liquid supply pipe (12); a nozzle is provided at the other end of the nozzle (3), and the nozzle air inlet (3a) and the nozzle liquid inlet (3b) are both connected to the nozzle inner cavity (3c); The structure of the nozzle (3) is as follows: it comprises an outer tube (301) and an inner tube (302); the right end of the outer tube (301) is a nozzle air inlet (3a), and the left end is a nozzle; the inner tube (302) is sleeved in parallel inside the middle section of the outer tube (301); the outer diameter of the right section of the inner tube (302) is adapted to the inner diameter of the outer tube (301) and is fixedly connected; the nozzle air inlet (3a) is communicated with the inner cavity (3d) of the inner tube; the outer diameters of the left section and the middle section of the inner tube (302) are smaller than those of the outer tube (301); The inner diameter of the tube (301) is such that an interlayer liquid feeding cavity (3e) is formed between the left section and the middle section of the inner tube (302) and the outer tube (301); a through hole perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner tube (302) is provided on the outer tube (301) at a position corresponding to the middle section of the inner tube (302) as a nozzle liquid inlet (3b), and the nozzle liquid inlet (3b) is in communication with the interlayer liquid feeding cavity (3e); the inner tube cavity (3d) and the interlayer liquid feeding cavity (3e) are both in communication with the nozzle cavity (3c); At least two connecting portions (303) are provided between the outer surface of the left section of the inner tube (302) and the inner surface of the outer tube (301); The nozzle cavity (3c) is composed of a contraction section (3c') and an expansion section (3c''). The contraction section (3c') has a circular cross-section diameter that decreases from large to small at the inlet of the nozzle cavity (3c) and contracts to a narrow throat structure in the middle. The expansion section (3c'') has a circular cross-section that increases from small to large after the narrow throat to the outlet of the nozzle cavity (3c). The inner tube cavity (3d) and the interlayer liquid delivery cavity (3e) are both connected to the contraction section (3c').

2. The passive minimal lubrication system for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic motor (6) is a screw-type pneumatic motor, and the coupling (8) is a universal coupling.

3. The passive minimal lubrication system for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic motor (6) is a vane-type pneumatic motor, and the coupling (8) is a fixed coupling.

4. The passive minimal lubrication system for extreme environments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle has a conical shape.

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