A device for extracting astragalus polysaccharide from astragalus and a process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a device for extracting astragalus polysaccharide from astragalus and a process thereof, and relates to the technical field of astragalus polysaccharide extraction. The device comprises an alternate type crushing mechanism, a rotary type boiling separation mechanism and a multiple centrifugal mechanism. The alternate type crushing mechanism comprises a crushing barrel, a bottom plate, two air cylinders I, an upper support, a horizontal sliding frame, a lead screw and a stepping motor I. The bottom plate is provided with two shafts which are symmetrically rotatably arranged at the lower end of the crushing barrel. The two air cylinders I are rotatably connected with the extension rods on the bottom plate, and the cylinder bodies of the air cylinders I are rotatably arranged on the extension rods on the crushing barrel. The device can continuously extract astragalus polysaccharide. The crushing device adopts an alternate type crushing mode, continuously crushes the astragalus and realizes continuous crushing work. The boiling water tank is provided with multiple water tanks, and new feeding can be continuously connected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Astragalus polysaccharide extraction technology, and in particular to an apparatus and process for extracting Astragalus polysaccharides from Astragalus. Background Technology

[0002] Astragalus polysaccharide is a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide extracted, concentrated, and purified from the dried roots of Astragalus mongholicus or Astragalus membranaceus, both belonging to the legume family. It is pale yellow, with a fine, uniform powder free of impurities, and is hygroscopic. Astragalus polysaccharide is composed of hexuronic acid, glucose, fructose, rhamnose, arabinose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid, among other components. It can be used as an immune stimulant or regulator, and also possesses antiviral, antitumor, anti-aging, anti-radiation, anti-stress, and antioxidant effects. Currently, the extraction of astragalus polysaccharide mainly employs methods such as water-boiling-alcohol precipitation, alcohol-alkali extraction, microwave extraction, ultrafiltration, and cellulase extraction. Among these methods, water-boiling-alcohol precipitation is the most cost-effective and therefore the most widely used.

[0003] The invention disclosed in application number CN202223512241.3 is an Astragalus polysaccharide extraction device, including an extrusion cylinder, an extraction mechanism provided on the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder, a motor fixedly connected to one side of the extrusion cylinder, a support plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion cylinder, an extraction device fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, a slag storage tank slidably engaged on the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder, and the bottom of the extrusion cylinder communicating with the top of the extraction device.

[0004] The aforementioned device can only extract a certain amount of astragalus polysaccharide each time it is used. After extraction, the inside needs to be cleaned before the next extraction, which wastes a lot of time and is inefficient. This invention addresses the above-mentioned defects. This device can perform continuous extraction. The crushing device adopts an alternating crushing method to achieve continuous crushing work. In addition, there are multiple boiling water tanks, which can continuously connect new materials. During the use of this device, the centrifuge mechanism can also operate continuously. The centrifuge mechanism has multiple layers, and the discharge of each layer can be controlled independently. The solid-liquid mixture after centrifugation can be discharged without stopping the centrifuge device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution used in this invention is: an apparatus and process for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus, comprising an alternating pulverizing mechanism, a rotary boiling separation mechanism, and a multiple centrifugation mechanism; the alternating pulverizing mechanism comprises: a pulverizing barrel, a base plate, cylinder I, an upper support, a horizontal slide, a lead screw, and a stepper motor I; there are two base plates, symmetrically rotatably mounted on a shaft at the lower end of the pulverizing barrel; there are two cylinders I, the piston rod of cylinder I is rotatably connected to an extension rod on the base plate, and the cylinder body of cylinder I is rotatably mounted on an extension rod on the pulverizing barrel; the horizontal slide is fixedly mounted between the upper supports, the lead screw is rotatably mounted in a circular hole on the horizontal slide, one end of the lead screw is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of stepper motor I, and stepper motor I is fixedly mounted on an extension plate on the horizontal slide.

[0006] Preferably, the alternating crushing mechanism further includes: a drive shaft, blades, and a reciprocating lifting assembly; there are two sets of blades, upper and lower, both fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, and the two sets of blades are spaced a certain distance apart.

[0007] Preferably, the reciprocating lifting assembly includes: a horizontal slider, a driven gear, a stepper motor II, a card, a vertical carriage, a vertical rack, and a stepper motor III; the horizontal slider is slidably mounted on the horizontal carriage, a drive shaft is movably mounted in the middle of the horizontal carriage, a driven gear is slidably mounted on the drive shaft, and the driven gear is in contact with the horizontal slider; the motor gear of stepper motor II meshes with the driven gear, and stepper motor II is fixedly mounted on the side of the horizontal slider; the card is rotatably mounted at the upper end of the drive shaft, the card is fixedly connected to the upper extension plate of the vertical rack, the vertical rack is slidably mounted in the vertical carriage, and the vertical rack meshes with the motor gear of stepper motor III, and stepper motor III is fixedly mounted on the vertical carriage.

[0008] Preferably, the rotary boiling separation mechanism includes: a portal frame, a turntable, a rotating shaft, a sleeve, a base, a servo motor I, a water inlet pipe, a water tank, and a residue separation assembly; the portal frame is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the crushing barrel, and the portal frame is also fixedly connected to the upper support; the turntable is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the sleeve, the sleeve is welded to the base, and a spur gear is fixedly installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft, which meshes with the motor gear of the servo motor I, which is fixedly installed below the base; the water inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the portal frame, the upper end of the water inlet pipe extends out to connect to the water source, and the lower end extends to the top of one of the water tanks; there are four water tanks, which are fixedly arrayed on the turntable with the rotating shaft as the center.

[0009] Preferably, the residue separation assembly includes: a vertical slider, a filter plate I, a servo motor II, a slag discharge trough, a side support, a scraper, and a cylinder II; the vertical slider is slidably installed on the side wall of the water tank, the vertical slider is welded to the filter plate I, the filter plate I is placed inside the water tank, the motor gear of the servo motor II meshes with the rack on the vertical slider, and the servo motor II is fixedly installed on the side of the water tank; the slag discharge trough is fixedly installed on the side support, the scraper is slidably installed in the round hole on the side support, the cylinder body of the guide pipe is fixedly installed on the side support, and the piston rod of the cylinder II is fixedly connected to the scraper.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-stage centrifugation mechanism includes: a guide tube, a centrifuge disc, a servo motor III, a filter plate II, a collection tank, and a centrifugation assembly; the guide tube is fixedly installed at the outlet below the turntable, the number of guide tubes is the same as the water tank, but the length of the guide tubes is different, and the lower opening of the guide tube corresponds to different slots on the centrifuge disc; the centrifuge disc is rotatably installed on the sleeve, the positive teeth of the outer ring of the centrifuge disc mesh with the servo motor III, and the servo motor III is fixedly installed on the portal frame; the collection tank is fixedly installed on the sleeve, and the filter plate II is slidably installed inside the collection tank.

[0011] Preferably, the centrifugal assembly includes: a circular ring plate, an inner lifting frame, a middle lifting frame, an outer lifting frame, and a waterproof electric cylinder assembly; the circular ring plate has three rings, which are consistent with the number of open slots on the centrifugal disc; the three rings of the circular ring plate are slidably mounted on round bars in the corresponding slots of the centrifugal disc, and springs are also installed on the round bars; the center of the inner lifting frame is slidably mounted on a sleeve, the center of the middle lifting frame is slidably mounted on the cylinder wall at the center of the inner lifting frame, and the center of the outer lifting frame is slidably mounted on the cylinder wall at the center of the middle lifting frame; the piston rod of the waterproof electric cylinder assembly is fixedly connected to the extension plate at the center of the inner lifting frame, the middle lifting frame, and the outer lifting frame according to the corresponding positions; round bars are fixedly welded to the outer rings of the inner lifting frame, the middle lifting frame, and the outer lifting frame, and ball bearings are provided on the round bars, with the ball bearings contacting the underside of the circular ring plate.

[0012] Preferably, a heating plate is fixedly installed under the turntable, and the number of heating plates is the same as that of the water tank.

[0013] Preferably, it includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: The astragalus is fed to the top of the grinding bin and poured into one of the bins. Stepper motor II is started, driving the driven gear to rotate. The driven gear drives the transmission shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the blades to rotate, grinding the astragalus. After grinding, the ground astragalus needs to be poured into the water tank. The corresponding cylinder I is started, driving the bottom plate to open, so that the ground astragalus can be poured out smoothly. While pouring the ground astragalus in this bin, the unground astragalus continues to be fed into another bin. At the same time, stepper motor III is started, driving the vertical rack to move upward, which in turn drives the transmission shaft to move upward through the card. Then stepper motor I is started, driving the lead screw to rotate, which drives the horizontal slider to move horizontally to the top of another bin. Then the vertical rack moves downward under the drive until the blades are placed in another bin. This completes the pouring work, and the next cycle of grinding work is carried out in the interval.

[0015] S2: Soaking and boiling are performed. The pulverized astragalus is poured into the water tank. Servo motor I is started, driving the rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable to rotate. The rotation angle is 90 degrees. The empty water tank is moved back to the bottom of the pulverizing bucket, while the water tank filled with material is moved to the bottom of the water inlet pipe. Then the water inlet pipe supplies water to soak the astragalus powder. The heating plate under the turntable is also started, heating while soaking. During the heating time, the water tank will be continuously filled. When the last water tank is filled, the astragalus in the first water tank is heated and moves to the scraper.

[0016] S3: The slag is separated. Servo motor II starts and drives filter plate I to rise. When it rises, it lifts the astragalus slag. At the same time, the liquid flows to the middle and flows into the centrifuge plate through the guide pipe. Before filter plate I rises, the scraper moves to the inside of filter plate I under the drive of cylinder II. When filter plate I is lifted, the scraper moves outward under the drive and pushes the astragalus slag on filter plate I onto the slag discharge trough. The turntable rotates continuously and the boiled liquid is continuously discharged into the centrifuge plate.

[0017] S4: Centrifugal solid-liquid separation is performed. Each interval of the guide tube discharges the boiled liquid into different tanks in the centrifuge plate. The centrifuge plate rotates continuously under the drive of servo motor III. The liquid discharged first is centrifuged and rotated first, and the solid-liquid separation is completed first. When the liquid in one tank of the centrifuge plate is separated into solid and liquid, the corresponding inner lifting frame, middle lifting frame or outer lifting frame is raised under the corresponding drive of the waterproof electric cylinder group, thereby lifting the ring plate. When it is lifted, the ring plate is still rotating and comes into contact with the ball bearings on the inner lifting frame, middle lifting frame or outer lifting frame, minimizing the friction force. At the same time, a gap is created between the ring plate and the centrifuge plate, and the separated solid and liquid flow down. The remaining solid and liquid mixture falls onto filter plate II. Filter plate II can prevent the solid from flowing down, while the liquid flows through filter plate II into the collection tank. The liquid flows out of the collection tank and is then dried after adding ethanol to obtain astragalus polysaccharide.

[0018] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0019] (1) When this device is in use, it can perform continuous extraction. The crushing device adopts an alternating crushing method to achieve continuous crushing work. In addition, there are multiple boiling water tanks, which can continuously connect new materials.

[0020] (2) When this device is in use, the centrifugal mechanism can also operate continuously. The centrifugal mechanism has multiple layers, and each layer can be independently controlled for discharge. The solid-liquid mixture after centrifugation can be discharged without stopping the centrifugal device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an isometric side view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a first-view view of the alternating crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a second perspective view of the alternating crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a third-view diagram of the alternating crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a detailed view of the alternating crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is an isometric side view of the rotary boiling separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a detailed view of the rotary boiling separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a bottom view of the rotary boiling separation mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multiple centrifugation mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the multiple centrifugation mechanism of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a bottom view of the multiple centrifugation mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1. Crushing bucket; 2. Base plate; 3. Cylinder I; 4. Upper support; 5. Horizontal slide; 6. Lead screw; 7. Stepper motor I; 8. Drive shaft; 9. Blade; 10. Horizontal slider; 11. Driven gear; 12. Stepper motor II; 13. Card; 14. Vertical slide; 15. Vertical rack; 16. Stepper motor III; 17. Portal bracket; 18. Turntable; 19. Shaft; 20. Sleeve; 21. Base; 2. Servo Motor I; 23. Inlet Pipe; 24. Water Tank; 25. Vertical Slider; 26. Filter Plate I; 27. Servo Motor II; 28. Slag Discharge Tank; 29. ​​Side Support; 30. Scraper; 31. Cylinder II; 32. Guide Pipe; 33. Centrifuge Disc; 34. Servo Motor III; 35. Filter Plate II; 36. Liquid Collection Tank; 37. Circular Ring Plate; 38. Inner Lifting Frame; 39. Middle Lifting Frame; 40. Outer Lifting Frame; 41. Waterproof Electric Cylinder Assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," and "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. These terms are merely simplified descriptions for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, for ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the accompanying drawings. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein can be interpreted accordingly.

[0037] Implementation, for example Figures 1-13 As shown, an apparatus and process for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus include an alternating pulverizing mechanism, a rotary boiling separation mechanism, and a multiple centrifugation mechanism.

[0038] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the alternating crushing mechanism includes: a crushing barrel 1, a base plate 2, cylinder I3, an upper support 4, a horizontal slide 5, a lead screw 6, and a stepper motor I7; there are two base plates 2, which are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the shaft at the lower end of the crushing barrel 1; there are two cylinders I3, the piston rod of cylinder I3 is rotatably connected to the extension rod on the base plate 2, and the cylinder body of cylinder I3 is rotatably mounted on the extension rod on the crushing barrel 1. Cylinder I3 drives the base plate 2 to rotate, which can open the bottom of the crushing barrel 1, thereby pouring out the crushed astragalus; the horizontal slide 5 is fixedly mounted between the upper support 4, and the lead screw 6 is rotatably mounted in the round hole on the horizontal slide 5. One end of the lead screw 6 is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the stepper motor I7, and the stepper motor I7 is fixedly mounted on the extension plate on the horizontal slide 5.

[0039] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the alternating crushing mechanism also includes: a drive shaft 8, blades 9, and a reciprocating lifting assembly; there are two sets of blades 9, upper and lower, both fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 8, and the two sets of blades 9 are spaced a certain distance apart.

[0040] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the reciprocating lifting assembly includes: a horizontal slider 10, a driven gear 11, a stepper motor II 12, a card 13, a vertical carriage 14, a vertical rack 15, and a stepper motor III 16. The horizontal slider 10 is slidably mounted on the horizontal carriage 5. A drive shaft 8 is movably mounted in the middle of the horizontal carriage 5. The driven gear 11 is slidably mounted on the drive shaft 8. The driven gear 11 is in contact with the horizontal slider 10, and the rotation of the driven gear 11 can drive the drive shaft 8 to rotate. The motor gear of the stepper motor II 12 meshes with the driven gear 11, and the stepper motor II 12 is fixedly mounted on the side of the horizontal slider 10. The card 13 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the drive shaft 8. The card 13 is fixedly connected to the upper extension plate of the vertical rack 15. The vertical rack 15 is slidably mounted in the vertical carriage 14. The up and down sliding of the vertical rack 15 can drive the drive shaft 8 to rise and fall. The vertical rack 15 meshes with the motor gear of the stepper motor III 16, and the stepper motor III 16 is fixedly mounted on the vertical carriage 14.

[0041] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8As shown, the rotary boiling separation mechanism includes: a portal frame 17, a turntable 18, a rotating shaft 19, a sleeve 20, a base 21, a servo motor I 22, a water inlet pipe 23, a water tank 24, and a residue separation assembly; the portal frame 17 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the crushing tank 1, and the portal frame 17 is also fixedly connected to the upper support 4; the turntable 18 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 19, the rotating shaft 19 is rotatably installed inside the sleeve 20, the sleeve 20 is welded to the base 21, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 19 is also fixedly... A spur gear is fixedly installed, which meshes with the motor gear of servo motor I 22. Servo motor I 22 is fixedly installed under the base 21. The water inlet pipe 23 is fixedly installed on the gate-shaped bracket 17. The upper end of the water inlet pipe 23 extends out to connect to the water source, and the lower end extends to the top of one of the water tanks 24. The water inlet pipe 23 can continuously replenish the water source, realizing the continuity of the boiling process. There are four water tanks 24, which are fixedly arrayed on the turntable 18 with the rotating shaft 19 as the center.

[0042] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the residue separation assembly includes: a vertical slider 25, a filter plate I 26, a servo motor II 27, a slag discharge trough 28, a side support 29, a scraper 30, and a cylinder II 31. The vertical slider 25 is slidably installed on the side wall of the water tank 24 and is welded to the filter plate I 26. The filter plate I 26 is placed inside the water tank 24. The motor gear of the servo motor II 27 meshes with the rack on the vertical slider 25. The servo motor II 27 is fixedly installed on the side of the water tank 24. The vertical slider 25 moves upward under the drive, which can drive the filter plate I 26 to separate the boiled astragalus residue from the liquid. The slag discharge trough 28 is fixedly installed on the side support 29. The scraper 30 is slidably installed in the round hole on the side support 29. The cylinder body of the guide pipe 32 is fixedly installed on the side support 29. The piston rod of the cylinder II 31 is fixedly connected to the scraper 30. The cylinder II 31 drives the scraper 30 to move, which can push the astragalus residue on the filter plate I 26 onto the slag discharge trough 28.

[0043] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 11 As shown, the multi-stage centrifugation mechanism includes: a guide tube 32, a centrifuge disc 33, a servo motor III 34, a filter plate II 35, a collection tank 36, and a centrifugation assembly. The guide tube 32 is fixedly installed at the outlet below the turntable 18. The number of guide tubes 32 is the same as that of the water tank 24, but the lengths of the guide tubes 32 are different. The openings at the bottom of the guide tubes 32 correspond to different slots on the centrifuge disc 33. The centrifuge disc 33 is rotatably installed on the sleeve 20. The positive teeth on the outer ring of the centrifuge disc 33 mesh with the servo motor III 34. The servo motor III 34 is fixedly installed on the portal frame 17. The collection tank 36 is fixedly installed on the sleeve 20. The filter plate II 35 is slidably installed inside the collection tank 36. The filter plate II 35 is divided into two halves for easy removal.

[0044] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 12 , Figure 13 As shown, the centrifugal assembly includes: a circular ring plate 37, an inner lifting frame 38, a middle lifting frame 39, an outer lifting frame 40, and a waterproof electric cylinder assembly 41. The circular ring plate 37 has three rings, which are the same number as the number of open slots on the centrifugal disc 33. The three rings of the circular ring plate 37 are slidably mounted on the round bars in the corresponding slots of the centrifugal disc 33. The round bars are also equipped with springs, which generate elastic force to reset the circular ring plate 37. The inner lifting frame 38 is slidably mounted on the sleeve 20 at its center. The middle lifting frame 39 is slidably mounted on the cylinder wall at the center of the inner lifting frame 38 at its center. The outer lifting frame 40 is slidably mounted on the cylinder wall at the center of the middle lifting frame 39 at its center. The piston rod of the waterproof electric cylinder assembly 41 is fixedly connected to the extension plates at the center of the inner lifting frame 38, the middle lifting frame 39, and the outer lifting frame 40 according to their corresponding positions. Round bars are fixedly welded to the outer rings of the inner lifting frame 38, the middle lifting frame 39, and the outer lifting frame 40. The round bars are equipped with balls, which are in contact with the underside of the circular ring plate 37.

[0045] In one alternative embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, a heating plate is fixedly installed under the turntable 18, and the number of heating plates is the same as that of the water tank 24.

[0046] This invention also provides a process for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1: The astragalus is fed to the top of the grinding bucket 1 and poured into one of the buckets in the grinding bucket 1. The stepper motor II 12 is started, which drives the driven gear 11 to rotate. The driven gear 11 drives the transmission shaft 8 to rotate, which in turn drives the blade 9 to rotate, thus grinding the astragalus. After grinding, the ground astragalus needs to be poured into the water tank 24. The corresponding cylinder I 3 is started, which drives the bottom plate 2 to open, so that the ground astragalus can be poured out smoothly. While pouring the ground astragalus in this bucket, the unground astragalus continues to be fed into another bucket. At the same time, the stepper motor III 16 is started, which drives the vertical rack 15 to move upward, which in turn drives the transmission shaft 8 to move upward through the card 13. Then the stepper motor I 7 is started, which drives the lead screw 6 to rotate, which in turn drives the horizontal slider 10 to move horizontally to the top of another bucket. Then the vertical rack 15 moves downward under the drive until the blade 9 is placed in another bucket. This completes the pouring work, and the next cycle of grinding work is carried out in the interval.

[0048] S2: Soaking and boiling are performed. The pulverized astragalus is poured into the water tank 24. The servo motor I 22 is started, driving the rotating shaft 19 to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable 18 to rotate. The rotation angle is 90 degrees. The empty water tank 24 is moved back to below the pulverizing bucket 1, while the water tank 24 filled with material is moved to below the water inlet pipe 23. Then the water inlet pipe 23 supplies water to soak the astragalus powder. The heating plate under the turntable 18 is also started, heating while soaking. During the heating time, the water tank 24 will be continuously filled. When the last water tank 24 is filled, the astragalus in the first water tank 24 is heated and moves to the scraper 30.

[0049] S3: The slag separation is performed. The servo motor II27 starts and drives the filter plate I26 to rise. When it rises, it lifts the astragalus slag. At the same time, the liquid flows to the middle and flows into the centrifuge plate 33 through the guide pipe 32. Before the filter plate I26 rises, the scraper 30 moves to the inner part of the filter plate I26 under the drive of the cylinder II31. After the filter plate I26 is lifted, the scraper 30 moves outward under the drive and pushes the astragalus slag on the filter plate I26 onto the slag discharge trough 28. The turntable 18 rotates continuously, and the boiled liquid is continuously discharged into the centrifuge plate 33.

[0050] S4: Centrifugal solid-liquid separation is performed. Each interval of the guide pipe 32 discharges the boiled liquid into different tanks within the centrifugal disc 33. The centrifugal disc 33 rotates continuously under the drive of the servo motor Ⅲ 34. The liquid discharged first undergoes centrifugal rotation first, completing solid-liquid separation first. Once the solid-liquid separation is complete in one tank of the centrifugal disc 33, the corresponding inner lifting frame 38, middle lifting frame 39, or outer lifting frame 40 rises under the corresponding drive within the waterproof electric cylinder assembly 41, thereby lifting the annular plate 37. While the annular plate 37 is still rotating, it comes into contact with the balls on the inner lifting frame 38, the middle lifting frame 39, or the outer lifting frame 40, minimizing friction. At the same time, a gap is created between the annular plate 37 and the centrifugal disc 33, allowing the separated solid and liquid to flow down. The remaining solid-liquid mixture falls onto the filter plate II 35, which prevents the solid from flowing down, while the liquid passes through the filter plate II 35 and flows into the collection tank 36. The liquid then flows out of the collection tank 36, and after adding ethanol and allowing it to stand and dry, astragalus polysaccharide is obtained.

[0051] Working Principle: This invention continuously pulverizes, boils, and separates Astragalus membranaceus, significantly improving extraction efficiency. First, the Astragalus membranaceus is fed above the pulverizing tank 1 and poured into one of the containers within 1. The stepper motor II 12 is then activated, driving the driven gear 11 to rotate. The driven gear 11 drives the transmission shaft 8, which in turn drives the blade 9 to pulverize the Astragalus membranaceus. After pulverization, the pulverized Astragalus membranaceus is poured into the water tank 24. The corresponding cylinder I 3 is activated, opening the bottom plate 2, allowing the pulverized Astragalus membranaceus to be smoothly extracted. While pouring out the crushed astragalus in this bucket, the feeding continues to pour the uncrushed astragalus into another bucket. At the same time, stepper motor III 16 starts, driving vertical rack 15 to move upward, which in turn drives drive shaft 8 upward via card 13. Then stepper motor I 7 starts, driving lead screw 6 to rotate, which in turn drives horizontal slider 10 to move horizontally above another bucket. Then vertical rack 15 moves downward under the drive until blade 9 is placed in another bucket. This completes the pouring work, and the next cycle of crushing work is carried out in the interval.

[0052] Next, the pulverized astragalus is poured into the water tank 24. The servo motor I 22 is started, driving the rotating shaft 19 to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable 18 to rotate. The rotation angle is 90 degrees, and the empty water tank 24 is moved back to below the pulverizing bucket 1. The water tank 24 filled with material is moved to below the water inlet pipe 23. Then the water inlet pipe 23 supplies water to soak the astragalus powder. The heating plate under the turntable 18 is also started, heating while soaking. During the heating time, the water tank 24 will be continuously filled. When the last water tank 24 is filled, the astragalus in the first water tank 24 is heated and moves to the scraper 30.

[0053] Next, servo motor II 27 starts and drives filter plate I 26 to rise. When it rises, it lifts the astragalus residue and the liquid flows to the middle. It flows into the centrifuge plate 33 through the guide pipe 32. Before filter plate I 26 rises, scraper 30 moves to the inner part of filter plate I 26 under the drive of cylinder II 31. After filter plate I 26 is lifted, scraper 30 moves outward under the drive and pushes the astragalus residue on filter plate I 26 onto the residue discharge trough 28. Turntable 18 rotates continuously and the boiled liquid is continuously discharged into centrifuge plate 33.

[0054] Next, each interval of the guide pipe 32 discharges the boiled liquid into different tanks within the centrifuge disc 33. The centrifuge disc 33 rotates continuously under the drive of the servo motor Ⅲ 34. The liquid discharged first undergoes centrifugal rotation to complete solid-liquid separation. Once solid-liquid separation is complete in one tank of the centrifuge disc 33, the corresponding inner lifting frame 38, middle lifting frame 39, or outer lifting frame 40 rises under the corresponding drive within the waterproof electric cylinder assembly 41, thereby lifting the annular plate 37. When lifted, the annular plate... While the disc 37 is still rotating, it comes into contact with the balls on the inner lifting frame 38, the middle lifting frame 39, or the outer lifting frame 40, minimizing friction. At the same time, a gap is created between the disc 37 and the centrifugal disc 33, allowing the separated solid and liquid to flow down. The remaining solid-liquid mixture falls onto the filter plate II 35, which prevents the solid from flowing down, while the liquid passes through the filter plate II 35 and flows into the collection tank 36. The liquid then flows out of the collection tank 36. After adding ethanol and allowing it to stand and dry, astragalus polysaccharide is obtained.

Claims

1. An apparatus for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus, characterized in that: It includes an alternating crushing mechanism, a rotary boiling separation mechanism, and a multi-centrifugal mechanism; the alternating crushing mechanism includes: a crushing barrel (1), a bottom plate (2), a cylinder I (3), an upper support (4), a horizontal slide (5), a lead screw (6), and a stepper motor I (7); there are two bottom plates (2), which are symmetrically rotated and installed on the shaft at the lower end of the crushing barrel (1); there are two cylinders I (3), the piston rod of the cylinder I (3) is rotatably connected to the extension rod on the bottom plate (2), and the cylinder body of the cylinder I (3) is rotatably installed on the extension rod on the crushing barrel (1); the horizontal slide (5) is fixedly installed between the upper support (4), the lead screw (6) is rotatably installed in the round hole on the horizontal slide (5), one end of the lead screw (6) is fixedly connected to the motor shaft of the stepper motor I (7), and the stepper motor I (7) is fixedly installed on the extension plate on the horizontal slide (5); The rotary boiling separation mechanism includes: a portal frame (17), a turntable (18), a rotating shaft (19), a sleeve (20), a base (21), a servo motor I (22), a water inlet pipe (23), a water tank (24), and a residue separation assembly; the portal frame (17) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the crushing barrel (1), and the portal frame (17) is fixedly connected to the upper support (4); the turntable (18) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (19), the rotating shaft (19) is rotatably installed in the sleeve (20), and the sleeve (20) is connected to the base. The bases (21) are welded together, and a spur gear is fixedly installed at the lower end of the shaft (19). The spur gear meshes with the motor gear of the servo motor I (22), which is fixedly installed below the base (21). The water inlet pipe (23) is fixedly installed on the gate-shaped bracket (17). The upper end of the water inlet pipe (23) extends out to connect to the water source, and the lower end extends to the top of one of the water tanks (24). There are four water tanks (24), which are fixedly arrayed on the turntable (18) with the shaft (19) as the center. The residue separation assembly includes: a vertical slider (25), a filter plate I (26), a servo motor II (27), a slag discharge trough (28), a side support (29), a scraper (30), and a cylinder II (31); the vertical slider (25) is slidably installed on the side wall of the water tank (24), the vertical slider (25) is welded to the filter plate I (26), the filter plate I (26) is placed in the water tank (24), the motor gear of the servo motor II (27) meshes with the rack on the vertical slider (25), and the servo motor II (27) is fixedly installed on the side of the water tank (24); the slag discharge trough (28) is fixedly installed on the side support (29), the scraper (30) is slidably installed in the round hole on the side support (29), the cylinder body of the guide pipe (32) is fixedly installed on the side support (29), and the piston rod of the cylinder II (31) is fixedly connected to the scraper (30).

2. The apparatus for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alternating crushing mechanism further includes: a drive shaft (8), blades (9) and a reciprocating lifting assembly; there are two sets of blades (9), both fixedly installed on the drive shaft (8), and the two sets of blades (9) are spaced a certain distance apart.

3. The apparatus for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reciprocating lifting assembly includes: a horizontal slider (10), a driven gear (11), a stepper motor II (12), a card (13), a vertical carriage (14), a vertical rack (15), and a stepper motor III (16); the horizontal slider (10) is slidably mounted on the horizontal carriage (5), a drive shaft (8) is movably mounted in the middle of the horizontal carriage (5), and a driven gear (11) is slidably mounted on the drive shaft (8), the driven gear (11) being in contact with the horizontal slider (10); the stepper motor II (12) The motor gear meshes with the driven gear (11), and the stepper motor II (12) is fixedly mounted on the side of the horizontal slider (10); the card (13) is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the transmission shaft (8), and the card (13) is fixedly connected to the upper extension plate of the vertical rack (15). The vertical rack (15) is slidably mounted in the vertical slide (14), and the vertical rack (15) meshes with the motor gear of the stepper motor III (16). The stepper motor III (16) is fixedly mounted on the vertical slide (14).

4. The apparatus for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multi-centrifugal mechanism includes: a guide pipe (32), a centrifugal disc (33), a servo motor III (34), a filter plate II (35), a collection tank (36), and a centrifugal assembly; the guide pipe (32) is fixedly installed at the outlet below the turntable (18), the number of guide pipes (32) is the same as the water tank (24), but the length of the guide pipes (32) is different, the opening at the bottom of the guide pipe (32) corresponds to different slots on the centrifugal disc (33), the centrifugal disc (33) is rotatably installed on the sleeve (20), the positive teeth of the outer ring of the centrifugal disc (33) mesh with the servo motor III (34), the servo motor III (34) is fixedly installed on the gate bracket (17); the collection tank (36) is fixedly installed on the sleeve (20), and the filter plate II (35) is slidably installed in the collection tank (36).

5. The apparatus for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The centrifugal assembly includes: a circular ring plate (37), an inner lifting frame (38), a middle lifting frame (39), an outer lifting frame (40), and a waterproof electric cylinder assembly (41); the circular ring plate (37) has three rings, which are the same number as the number of open slots on the centrifugal disc (33). The three rings of the circular ring plate (37) are respectively slidably installed on the round bars in the corresponding slots of the centrifugal disc (33), and springs are also installed on the round bars; the inner lifting frame (38) is slidably installed on the sleeve (20) at the center, and the middle lifting frame (39) is slidably installed on the sleeve (20) at the center. The inner lifting frame (38) is mounted on the cylinder wall at the center of the inner lifting frame (38), and the outer lifting frame (40) is slidably mounted on the cylinder wall at the center of the middle lifting frame (39). The piston rod of the waterproof electric cylinder assembly (41) is fixedly connected to the extension plate at the center of the inner lifting frame (38), the middle lifting frame (39) and the outer lifting frame (40) according to the corresponding position. The inner lifting frame (38), the middle lifting frame (39) and the outer lifting frame (40) are all fixedly welded with round bars, and the round bars are provided with balls. The balls are in contact with the bottom of the circular ring plate (37).

6. The apparatus for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus according to claim 5, characterized in that, A heating plate is fixedly installed under the turntable (18), and the number of heating plates is the same as that of the water tank (24).

7. A process for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus, characterized in that, This includes the device described in claim 6.

8. The process for extracting astragalus polysaccharides from astragalus according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The astragalus is crushed by conveying it to the top of the crushing bucket (1) and pouring it into one of the buckets in the crushing bucket (1). The stepper motor II (12) is started, which drives the driven gear (11) to rotate. The driven gear (11) drives the transmission shaft (8) to rotate, which in turn drives the blade (9) to rotate, crushing the astragalus. After crushing, the crushed astragalus needs to be poured into the water tank (24). The corresponding cylinder I (3) is started, which drives the bottom plate (2) to open, so that the crushed astragalus can be poured out smoothly. While pouring the crushed astragalus in this bucket, Continue feeding the uncrushed Astragalus membranaceus into another bucket. At the same time, stepper motor III (16) starts and drives the vertical rack (15) to move upward, thereby driving the drive shaft (8) to move upward through the card (13). Then stepper motor I (7) starts and drives the lead screw (6) to rotate, thereby driving the horizontal slider (10) to move horizontally above another bucket. Then the vertical rack (15) moves downward under the drive until the blade (9) is placed into another bucket. In this way, the pouring work is completed, and the next cycle of crushing work is carried out in the interval. S2: Soak and boil, pour the crushed astragalus into the water tank (24), start the servo motor I (22) to drive the rotating shaft (19) to rotate, thereby driving the turntable (18) to rotate. The rotation angle is ninety degrees. Move the empty water tank (24) back to the bottom of the crushing bucket (1), and move the water tank (24) filled with material to the bottom of the water inlet pipe (23). Then the water inlet pipe (23) supplies water to soak the astragalus powder. The heating plate under the turntable (18) is also started to heat while soaking. During the heating time, the water tank (24) will be filled continuously. When the last water tank (24) is filled, the astragalus in the first water tank (24) is heated and moves to the scraper (30). S3: The slag is separated. The servo motor II (27) starts and drives the filter plate I (26) to rise. When it rises, the astragalus slag is lifted up. At the same time, the liquid flows to the middle and flows into the centrifuge plate (33) through the guide pipe (32). Before the filter plate I (26) rises, the scraper (30) moves to the inside of the filter plate I (26) under the drive of the cylinder II (31). When the filter plate I (26) is lifted up, the scraper (30) moves outward under the drive and pushes the astragalus slag on the filter plate I (26) onto the slag discharge trough (28). The turntable (18) rotates continuously and the boiled liquid is continuously discharged into the centrifuge plate (33). S4: Centrifugal solid-liquid separation is performed. Each interval of the guide pipe (32) discharges the boiled liquid into different tanks in the centrifugal disc (33). The centrifugal disc (33) rotates continuously under the drive of the servo motor III (34). The liquid discharged first is centrifuged and rotated first to complete the solid-liquid separation. When the solid-liquid separation of the liquid in one tank of the centrifugal disc (33) is completed, the corresponding inner lifting frame (38), middle lifting frame (39) or outer lifting frame (40) is lifted under the corresponding drive in the waterproof electric cylinder assembly (41), thereby lifting the annular plate (37). When lifted... While the circular ring plate (37) is still rotating, it comes into contact with the balls on the inner lifting frame (38), middle lifting frame (39) or outer lifting frame (40), minimizing friction. At the same time, a gap is created between the circular ring plate (37) and the centrifugal disc (33), allowing the separated solid and liquid to flow down. The remaining solid-liquid mixture falls onto filter plate II (35), which prevents the solid from flowing down, while the liquid flows through filter plate II (35) into the collection tank (36), thus allowing the collection tank (36) to flow to the outside. After adding ethanol and allowing it to stand and dry, Astragalus polysaccharide is obtained.

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