Adjustable formwork trolley and construction method
By designing an adjustable formwork trolley, the problem of frequent replacement of formwork devices during foundation pit construction was solved, enabling efficient construction that adapts to changes in tunnel cross-section.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA TIESIJU CIVIL ENGINEERING GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-22
Smart Images
Figure CN117344743B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically to an adjustable formwork trolley and construction method. Background Technology
[0002] In some sections of the underground tunnel, there are abundant groundwater reserves, mainly Quaternary pore water and shallow, slightly confined aquifers. The Quaternary pore water is primarily found in Quaternary alluvial silt and fine sand layers. The support structure and tunnel cross-section change continuously with the depth of the buried strata. Due to the development of groundwater, the safety risks are high. The construction of long foundation pits is difficult, and the pits are prone to instability and collapse.
[0003] In existing technologies, after the excavation of the foundation pit, a support structure needs to be constructed within the pit. However, as the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel continues to change, when the open section of the tunnel adopts a U-shaped trough structure, the cut-and-cover section of the tunnel uses a single-box rectangular structure for the portion with a burial depth of no more than 5m, and a straight-wall arch lining for the portion with a burial depth of more than 5m. The shapes of the support structures constructed within the foundation pit are also different. However, the formwork device for the single-box rectangular structure foundation pit support structure currently used cannot be applied to the formwork device for the straight-wall arch lining. When the cross-sectional shape of the cut-and-cover section changes, another set of formwork devices needs to be configured, which leads to a reduction in construction efficiency and affects the construction progress. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable template trolley and construction method to solve the problems of low construction efficiency and impact on construction progress in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adjustable template trolley, comprising:
[0006] Two first sliders are symmetrically arranged, and a telescopic component is provided between the two first sliders. The telescopic component is used to increase the pressure of the first sliders on the side wall of the pit.
[0007] A first sliding fixing component is provided on the first slider for adjusting the horizontal position of the first slider;
[0008] A deformable support assembly mounted on the first slider for supporting the curved surface of the foundation pit, and
[0009] A lifting component is installed on the first slider and connected to the deformation support component for determining the position of the deformation support component.
[0010] Preferably, the first sliding fixing component includes a plurality of first limiting pins arranged at equal intervals. The first limiting pins are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first slider. A first spring is provided between the top of the first limiting pin and the top of the first slider. The first spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the first limiting pin. The top of the first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the first limiting pin, and the bottom of the first spring is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider.
[0011] Preferably, the first sliding fixing component further includes a support base and a first slide rail disposed at both ends of the bottom of the first slider. The first slide rail is located on the side facing the telescopic component. The support base and the first slide rail are slidably connected to the bottom of the first slider. The top of the first slide rail is provided with a plurality of first limiting grooves arranged in sequence. The first limiting grooves are adapted to the first limiting pins and are engaged with the first limiting pins.
[0012] Preferably, the telescopic component includes a central block, a pressure-applying part at the top of the central block, and telescopic parts at both ends of the central block, wherein the pressure-applying part is in communication with the telescopic parts.
[0013] Preferably, the telescopic part includes a telescopic device housing, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the central block. A telescopic rod track is coaxially sleeved inside the telescopic device housing. One end of the telescopic rod track is fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the central block. A sliding rod is slidably connected inside the telescopic rod track. The end of the sliding rod passes through the side wall of the telescopic device housing, and the other end of the sliding rod is connected to the end of the first slider near the telescopic assembly. An oil storage tank is provided between the telescopic device housing and the telescopic rod track. The oil storage tank and the telescopic rod track are connected, and an oil drain valve is provided at the connection between the oil storage tank and the telescopic rod track.
[0014] Preferably, the pressurizing part includes a piston slide, which is connected to an oil storage tank via an oil outlet pipe. The oil inlet end of the oil outlet pipe is provided with a second one-way valve. The piston slide is connected to a telescopic rod track via an oil inlet pipe. The oil outlet end of the oil inlet pipe is provided with a first one-way valve. A piston is vertically slidably connected inside the piston slide. A lever is hinged to the top of the piston. One end of the lever is fixedly connected to a handle. The other end of the lever is hinged to a second hinge rod. One end of the second hinge rod is hinged to a first hinge rod. One end of the first hinge rod is hinged to the bottom outer wall of the piston slide.
[0015] Preferably, the deformable support assembly includes a vertical rod fixedly connected to the top of the first slider on the side away from the telescopic assembly. Multiple support components are sleeved on the vertical rod. Multiple anchor rods are provided on the side of the support component away from the first slider. A top block is provided at the bottom of the support component. The top block is sleeved on the outer surface of the vertical rod and is slidably connected to the outer surface of the vertical rod. A connecting component is provided between two adjacent support components.
[0016] Preferably, the support assembly includes two symmetrically arranged outer protective plates, and two spaced-apart top plates are fixedly connected between the two outer protective plates. The two outer protective plates and the two top plates form a rectangular structure. An anchor channel is provided at the center of the top plate. Hinge shafts are fixedly connected to the four corners of the outer protective plates. The connecting assembly includes a connecting piece. One end of the connecting piece has two first hinge holes, and the other end of the connecting piece has two second hinge holes. The second hinge holes are rounded rectangular structures, and the inner diameter of the second hinge holes is larger than the diameter of the hinge shafts. The second hinge holes are located on the side closer to the telescopic assembly. The bottom of the outer protective plate is connected to the top of the connecting piece through the first hinge holes, the second hinge holes, and the two hinge shafts. The top of the outer protective plate is connected to the bottom of the connecting piece through the first hinge holes, the second hinge holes, and the two hinge shafts.
[0017] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a connecting rod, one end of which is hinged to the outer wall of the top block, and the other end of which is hinged to a hinge seat. A second slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hinge seat, and the hinge seat is located at the end of the second slider near the telescopic assembly. The second slider is slidably connected to the first slider. A plurality of second limiting grooves are provided at equal intervals on the second slider. A second pin is slidably connected to the inner wall of the first slider. The second pin is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the second pin is engaged with the second limiting groove. A second spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the second pin. One end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the top of the second pin, and the other end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider.
[0018] An adjustable formwork trolley construction method, using the aforementioned adjustable formwork trolley, includes the following steps:
[0019] S1: Fix the expansion joint at the center of the pit surface, and lay support seats and the first slide rail on both sides of the expansion joint;
[0020] S2: Place the first slider on the support base and the first slide rail, and connect the first slider to the telescopic assembly;
[0021] S3: Use the telescopic assembly to make the first slider abut against the side wall of the pit, increasing the pressure on the side wall of the pit;
[0022] S4: Use the lifting assembly to push the support assembly out, so that the support assembly extends beyond the upright part of the deformable support arc surface;
[0023] S5: Install anchor bolts to anchor the deformed section of the support component to the arc-shaped sidewall of the pit.
[0024] S6: Install the formwork between two adjacent support components, and remove the formwork after pouring the concrete;
[0025] S7: Remove this device and construct formwork and pour concrete for the gaps formed by the deformation support components.
[0026] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] This adjustable formwork trolley and construction method utilizes a telescopic component between two first sliders to increase the pressure of the first sliders on the pit sidewall, a first sliding fixing component to adjust the horizontal position of the first sliders, a deformable support component to support the curved surface of the pit, and a lifting component to determine the position of the deformable support component. The lifting component pushes the support component out, causing it to deform beyond the upright and support the curved surface. Anchor bolts are used to anchor the deformed section of the support component to the curved sidewall of the pit. This device can be adjusted according to the size of the pit and is suitable for transition sections between two support sections with different cross-sectional shapes. By fitting the support component onto the upright, this device can be used for pit support of single-box rectangular structures, and can also be used for... The straight-wall arch lining method for foundation pit support simplifies construction equipment, improves construction efficiency, and solves the problem that in existing technologies, after the foundation pit is excavated, a support structure needs to be built inside the pit. However, as the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel continues to change, when the open section of the tunnel adopts a U-shaped trough structure, the cut-and-cover section of the tunnel uses a single-box rectangular structure for the part with a burial depth of no more than 5m, and a straight-wall arch lining for the part with a burial depth of more than 5m. The shape of the support structure built inside the foundation pit is also different. However, the formwork device for the single-box rectangular structure foundation pit support structure currently used cannot be applied to the formwork device for the straight-wall arch lining. When the cross-sectional shape of the cut-and-cover section changes, another set of formwork devices needs to be configured, which leads to a decrease in construction efficiency and affects the construction progress. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic component structure of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the center of the telescopic component of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sliding fixing component, the deformation support component, and the lifting component on the first slider of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;
[0034] Figure 7This is a front view of the support component structure of the present invention;
[0035] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the support component structure of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 9 This is a side view of the support component structure of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 10 This is a front view of the connection component structure of the present invention;
[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the support component and the connecting component of the present invention;
[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor bolt structure of the present invention;
[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.
[0041] In the diagram: 1. First slider; 2. Telescopic assembly; 21. Center block; 22. Pressurizing part; 2201. Piston slide; 2202. Oil outlet pipe; 2203. Second check valve; 2204. Oil inlet pipe; 2205. First check valve; 2206. Piston; 2207. Lever; 2208. Handle; 2209. Second hinge rod; 2210. First hinge rod; 23. Telescopic part; 2301. Telescopic device housing; 2302. Telescopic rod track; 2303. Sliding rod; 2304. Oil reservoir; 2305. Oil drain valve; 3. First sliding fixing assembly; 301. First limit pin; 302. First spring; 303. Support seat; 304. First slide; 305. First... 4. Limiting groove; 41. Deformation support assembly; 42. Upright pole; 43. Support assembly; 44. Outer protective plate; 45. Top plate; 46. Anchor bolt channel; 47. Hinge shaft; 48. Anchor bolt; 49. Hollow anchor bolt; 40. Pressure plate; 41. Bolt; 42. Connecting port; 43. Tip protrusion; 44. Flexible expansion wall; 45. Block; 46. Top block; 47. Connecting assembly; 48. Connecting piece; 49. First hinge hole; 40. Second hinge hole; 50. Lifting assembly; 501. Connecting rod; 502. Hinge seat; 503. Second slider; 504. Second limiting groove; 505. Second pin; 506. Second spring. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0043] like Figure 1-12 As shown, an adjustable template trolley includes two first sliders 1, a telescopic component 2, a first sliding fixing component 3, a deformable support component 4, and a lifting component 5. The two first sliders 1 are symmetrically arranged, with the telescopic component 2 positioned between them. The first sliding fixing component 3 is mounted on the first slider 1, the deformable support component 4 is mounted on the first slider 1, and the lifting component 5 is mounted on the first slider 1 and connected to the deformable support component 4. The telescopic component 2 increases the pressure of the first slider 1 on the sidewall of the foundation pit. The first sliding fixing component 3 adjusts the horizontal position of the first slider 1. The deformable support component 4 supports the curved surface of the foundation pit. The lifting component 5 determines the position of the deformable support component 4. This device can be adjusted according to the size of the foundation pit and is suitable for the transition section between two support sections with different cross-sectional shapes. By fitting the support components onto the uprights, this device can be used for foundation pit support of single-box rectangular structures as well as foundation pit support of straight-wall arched linings, simplifying construction equipment and improving construction efficiency.
[0044] like Figures 1-4As shown, the telescopic assembly 2 includes a central block 21, a pressurizing part 22, and a telescopic part 23. The pressurizing part 22 is located on the top of the central block 21, and a telescopic part 23 is provided at each end of the central block 21. The pressurizing part 22 communicates with the telescopic part 23. The telescopic part 23 includes a telescopic device housing 2301, a telescopic rod track 2302, a sliding rod 2303, an oil storage tank 2304, and an oil drain valve 2305. The telescopic device housing 2301 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the central block 21, and a telescopic part is coaxially sleeved inside the telescopic device housing 2301. The telescopic rod track 2302 has one end fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the center block 21. A sliding rod 2303 is slidably connected inside the telescopic rod track 2302. The end of the sliding rod 2303 passes through the side wall of the telescopic device housing 2301, and the other end of the sliding rod 2303 is connected to the end of the first slider 1 near the telescopic component 2. An oil storage tank 2304 is provided between the telescopic device housing 2301 and the telescopic rod track 2302. The oil storage tank 2304 and the telescopic rod track 2302 are connected. An oil drain valve 2305 is provided at the connection point of the channel 2302. The pressurizing part 22 includes a piston slide 2201, an oil outlet pipe 2202, a second check valve 2203, an oil inlet pipe 2204, a first check valve 2205, a piston 2206, a lever 2207, a handle 2208, a second hinge rod 2209, and a first hinge rod 2210. The piston slide 2201 is connected to the oil storage tank 2304 through the oil outlet pipe 2202. The oil inlet end of the oil outlet pipe 2202 is provided with a second check valve 2203. The piston slide 2201 is connected to the oil storage tank 2304 through the oil inlet pipe 2202. 204 is connected to the telescopic rod track 2302. The oil outlet end of the oil inlet pipe 2204 is equipped with a first one-way valve 2205. A piston 2206 is vertically slidably connected inside the piston slide 2201. A lever 2207 is hinged to the top of the piston 2206. A handle 2208 is fixedly connected to one end of the lever 2207. A second hinge rod 2209 is hinged to the other end of the lever 2207. A first hinge rod 2210 is hinged to one end of the second hinge rod 2209. One end of the first hinge rod 2210 is hinged to the bottom outer wall of the piston slide 2201.
[0045] In the specific implementation process, the handle 2208 is held and repeatedly pressed, causing the piston 2206 to slide in the piston slide 2201. When the piston 2206 rises, the hydraulic oil in the oil reservoir 2304 is drawn into the piston slide 2201, while the hydraulic oil in the telescopic rod track 2302 cannot enter the piston slide 2201 under the action of the first one-way valve 2205. When the piston 2206 falls, the hydraulic oil in the piston slide 2201 enters the telescopic rod track 2302, pushing the sliding rod 2303 out under hydraulic action. At the same time, under the action of the second one-way valve 2203, the hydraulic oil cannot enter the oil reservoir 2304. This process is repeated, causing the sliding rod 2303 to extend continuously, abutting the first slider 1 against the side wall of the pit. As the telescopic component 2 continues to apply force, the support force between the first slider 1 and the side wall of the pit increases.
[0046] After the pressure between the first slider 1 and the side wall of the pit reaches its maximum, the position of the first slider 1 is fixed by the action of the first sliding fixing component 3 set on the first slider 1.
[0047] At this point, the hydraulic pressure of the telescopic component 2 can be released. Then, simply pull the oil drain valve 2305 provided on the telescopic device housing 2301 to connect the telescopic rod track 2302 with the oil storage tank 2304, so that the hydraulic oil in the telescopic rod track 2302 enters the oil storage tank 2304 to achieve pressure relief.
[0048] When using this product, be sure to reset the drain valve 2305 to disconnect the connection between the telescopic rod track 2302 and the oil storage tank 2304.
[0049] The drain valve 2305 is slidably connected to the side wall of the telescopic device housing 2301 and the telescopic rod track 2302. At the same time, the drain valve 2305 has a through hole in the middle to facilitate the hydraulic oil in the oil storage tank 2304 to enter the piston slide 2201.
[0050] like Figures 1-5As shown, the first sliding fixing assembly 3 includes a first limiting pin 301, a first spring 302, a support base 303, a first slide rail 304, and a first limiting groove 305. Multiple first limiting pins 301 are arranged at equal intervals. The first limiting pins 301 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first slider 1. The first spring 302 is disposed between the top of the first limiting pin 301 and the top of the first slider 1, and is sleeved on the outer surface of the first limiting pin 301. The top of the first spring 302 is flush with the top of the first limiting pin 301. The bottom of the first spring 302 is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider 1. The support base 303 and the first slide rail 304 are located at both ends of the bottom of the first slider 1. The first slide rail 304 is located on the side facing the telescopic component 2. The support base 303 and the first slide rail 304 are slidably connected to the bottom of the first slider 1. The top of the first slide rail 304 is provided with a plurality of first limiting grooves 305 arranged in sequence. The first limiting grooves 305 are adapted to the first limiting pins 301 and the first limiting grooves 305 are engaged with the first limiting pins 301.
[0051] The first limiting groove 305 has a right-angled trapezoidal structure. The bottom of the first limiting pin 301 matches the structure of the first limiting groove 305. The right-angled side of the first limiting groove 305 is located on the side closer to the telescopic component 2. This allows the first limiting pin 301 to rise along the inclined plane when the telescopic component 2 pushes the first slider 1 to move. The first spring 302 between the top of the first limiting pin 301 and the first slider 1 is stretched. When the first limiting pin 301 is completely aligned with the other first limiting grooves 305, the first spring... Under the action of 302, the first limiting pin 301 will automatically insert into the first limiting groove 305, so that the first limiting groove 305 and the first limiting pin 301 are engaged. Since the pressure of the pit sidewall on the first slider 1 is directed towards the telescopic component 2, the first slider 1 will move towards the side closer to the telescopic component 2. However, under the action of the right angle side of the first limiting groove 305, the first limiting pin 301 cannot be pushed up, thereby fixing the first slider 1 to ensure the lateral pressure of the first slider 1 on the pit sidewall. The number of first limiting pins 301 is preferably 3.
[0052] like Figures 1-12As shown, the deformable support assembly 4 includes a vertical rod 41, a support assembly 42, anchor bolts 43, a top block 44, and a connecting assembly 45. The vertical rod 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider 1 on the side away from the telescopic assembly 2. Multiple support assemblies 42 are sleeved on the vertical rod 41. Multiple anchor bolts 43 are provided on the side of the support assembly 42 away from the first slider 1. A top block 44 is provided at the bottom of the support assembly 42. The top block 44 is sleeved on the outer surface of the vertical rod 41 and is slidably connected to the outer surface of the vertical rod 41. A connecting assembly 45 is provided between two adjacent support assemblies 42. The support assembly 42 includes two symmetrically arranged outer protective plates 4201. Two spaced top plates 4202 are fixedly connected between the two outer protective plates 4201. The two outer protective plates 4201 and the two top plates 4202 form a rectangular structure. An anchor bolt channel 4203 is provided in the center of the top plate 4202. The four corners of 201 are fixedly connected with hinge shafts 4204. The connecting assembly 45 includes a connecting piece 4501, a first hinge hole 4502 and a second hinge hole 4503. One end of the connecting piece 4501 has two first hinge holes 4502, and the other end of the connecting piece 4501 has two second hinge holes 4503. The second hinge holes 4503 are rounded rectangular structures. The inner diameter of the second hinge holes 4503 is larger than the diameter of the hinge shafts 4204. The second hinge holes 4503 are located on the side close to the telescopic assembly 2. The bottom of the outer protective plate 4201 is connected to the top of the connecting piece 4501 through the first hinge holes 4502, the second hinge holes 4503 and the two hinge shafts 4204. The top of the outer protective plate 4201 is connected to the bottom of the connecting piece 4501 through the first hinge holes 4502, the second hinge holes 4503 and the two hinge shafts 4204.
[0053] Among them, two adjacent support components 42 are movably connected together by a connecting component 45. Four hinge shafts 4204 are fixed at the four corners of the outer protective plate 4201. The hinge shaft 4204 at the bottom of the side of the support component 42 away from the telescopic component 2 is rotatably connected to the first hinge hole 4502 located at the top of the connecting piece 4501. The hinge shaft 4204 at the bottom of the same support component 42 near the telescopic component 2 is movably connected to the second hinge hole 4503 located at the top of the connecting piece 4501.
[0054] The hinge shaft 4204 at the top of the other support assembly 42 on the side away from the telescopic assembly 2 is rotatably connected to the first hinge hole 4502 located at the bottom of the connecting piece 4501, and the hinge shaft 4204 at the top of the same support assembly 42 on the side closer to the telescopic assembly 2 is movably connected to the second hinge hole 4503 located at the bottom of the connecting piece 4501.
[0055] Since the second hinge hole 4503 is a rounded rectangle and its internal size is larger than the diameter of the hinge shaft 4204, when the hinge shaft 4204 on the bottom side of the outer protective plate 4201 of the support assembly 42 is rotatably connected to the first hinge hole 4502 on the top of the connecting piece 4501, another hinge shaft 4204 on the outer protective plate 4201 extends into the second hinge hole 4503. The second hinge hole 4503 provides a larger space for the hinge shaft 4204 located inside it, allowing the support assembly 42 to rotate relative to the connecting assembly 45. The second hinge hole 4503 is located on the side closer to the telescopic assembly 2, allowing multiple support assemblies 42 to bend towards the side closer to the telescopic assembly 2.
[0056] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the lifting assembly 5 includes a connecting rod 501, a hinge seat 502, a second slider 503, a second limiting groove 504, a second pin 505, and a second spring 506. One end of the connecting rod 501 is hinged to the outer wall of the top block 44, and the other end of the connecting rod 501 is hinged to the hinge seat 502. The bottom of the hinge seat 502 is fixedly connected to the second slider 503. The hinge seat 502 is located at the end of the second slider 503 near the telescopic assembly 2. The second slider 503 is slidably connected to the first slider 1. A plurality of second limiting grooves 504 are provided at equal intervals on the second slider 503. The inner wall of the first slider 1 is slidably connected to the second pin 505. The second pin 505 is vertically arranged, and the bottom of the second pin 505 is engaged with the second limiting groove 504. The outer surface of the second pin 505 is fitted with a second spring 506. One end of the second spring 506 is fixedly connected to the top end of the second pin 505, and the other end of the second spring 506 is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider 1.
[0057] When the second slider 503 slides within the first slider 1, it pushes the connecting rod 501 to move through the hinge seat 502. The connecting rod 501 is tilted and its high end is hinged to the side wall of the top block 44, so that when the connecting rod 501 moves, it will push the top block 44 to rise, thereby pushing out several support components 42.
[0058] A second limiting groove 504 is provided on the second slider 503. The second limiting groove 504 has a right-angled trapezoidal structure, with the right-angled side of the second limiting groove 504 located on the side closer to the telescopic component 2. The bottom of the second pin 505 matches the second limiting groove 504. When the second slider 503 slides, the second pin 505 is lifted by the inclined side of the second limiting groove 504, while the second spring 506 is stretched. When the bottom of the second pin 505 enters another corresponding second limiting groove 504, the second spring 506 is stretched. Under the action of the spring 506, the second pin 505 is inserted into another second limiting groove 504. Due to the vertical downward pressure of the top block 44 by several support components 42, the second slider 503 tends to move towards the telescopic component 2. Under the action of the second pin 505, the relative movement between the second slider 503 and the first slider 1 is avoided, thereby realizing the fixation of several support components 42. An anchor channel 4203 is provided in the middle of the two top plates 4202 of the support component 42 for the anchor 43 to pass through.
[0059] Anchor bolt 43 includes a hollow anchor bolt 4301. A pressure plate 4302 is fixed to the tail end of the hollow anchor bolt 4301. A pointed protrusion 4305 is provided at the insertion end of the hollow anchor bolt 4301. A flexible expansion wall 4306 is wrapped around the outside of the hollow anchor bolt 4301. A sealed cavity is formed between the inner wall of the flexible expansion wall 4306 and the outer wall of the hollow anchor bolt 4301. The flexible expansion wall 4306 is located between the pointed protrusion 4305 and the pressure plate 4302. The sealed cavity is connected to the inside of the hollow anchor bolt 4301 through a connecting port 4304. A plug 4307 is provided at the liquid inlet end of the hollow anchor bolt 4301.
[0060] In use, the hollow anchor rod 4301 is inserted into the soil around the foundation pit until the pressure plate 4302 contacts the inner top plate 4202. The pressure plate 4302 and the top plate 4202 are then fixed together with several bolts 4303. Then, the plug 4307 at the tail of the hollow anchor rod 4301 is opened, and grout is injected into the hollow anchor rod 4301. The grout enters the gap between the flexible expansion wall 4306 and the outer wall of the hollow anchor rod 4301 through the connecting port 4304. Under the pressure of the grout injection, the flexible expansion wall 4306 expands, squeezing the soil and further improving the anchoring effect. At the same time, the soil pressure inside the soil increases. Then, the plug 4307 is used to block the inlet of the hollow anchor rod 4301. The soil pressure generated by the soil is transmitted to the top plate 4202 through the pressure plate 4302, and then dispersed by several support components 42, ultimately providing support.
[0061] An adjustable formwork trolley construction method is provided. The adjustable formwork trolley is used, and the construction method includes the following steps:
[0062] S1: Fix the expansion joint at the center of the pit surface, and lay support seats and the first slide rail on both sides of the expansion joint;
[0063] S2: Place the first slider on the support base and the first slide rail, and connect the first slider to the telescopic assembly;
[0064] S3: Use the telescopic assembly to make the first slider abut against the side wall of the pit, increasing the pressure on the side wall of the pit;
[0065] S4: Use the lifting assembly to push the support assembly out, so that the support assembly extends beyond the upright part of the deformable support arc surface;
[0066] S5: Install anchor bolts to anchor the deformed section of the support component to the arc-shaped sidewall of the pit.
[0067] S6: Install the formwork between two adjacent support components, and remove the formwork after pouring the concrete;
[0068] S7: Remove this device and construct formwork and pour concrete for the gaps formed by the deformation support components.
[0069] Specifically, the center of the telescopic component 2 is set at the center of the pit, and the telescopic component 2 is fixed to the surface of the pit. The center block 21 is positioned at the center of the pit. Then, the telescopic device housing 2301 is fixed to the ground. Support seats 303 and first slide rails 304 are laid on both sides of the telescopic component 2, and the support seats 303 and first slide rails 304 are fixed to the surface of the pit. The two first slide rails 304 are located between the two support seats 303. The support seats 303 abut against the edge of the pit. The support seats 303 and first slide rails 304 are used to support the first slider 1. The first slider 1 is placed on the support seats 303 and first slide rails 304, so that the first slider 1 is slidably connected to the support seats 303 and first slide rails 304. The first slider 1 is connected to the movable end of the telescopic component 2. The first slider 1 is placed on the support seats 303 and first slide rails 304. Then, the movable end of the telescopic component 2 is connected to the first slider 1 on both sides respectively.
[0070] The telescopic assembly 2 is used to make the first sliders 1 on both sides abut against the side wall of the pit. The telescopic assembly 2 increases the pressure of the first sliders 1 on the side wall of the pit. When the telescopic assembly 2 pushes the first sliders 1 to move, the first limiting pin 301 rises along the inclined plane under the action of the inclined plane. The first spring 302 between the top of the first limiting pin 301 and the first slider 1 is stretched. When the first limiting pin 301 is completely aligned with the other first limiting grooves 305, the first limiting pin 301 will automatically insert into the first limiting groove 305 under the action of the first spring 302, so that the first limiting groove 305 and the first limiting pin 301 are engaged. Since the pressure of the pit side wall on the first slider 1 is directed towards the telescopic assembly 2, the first slider 1 will move closer to the telescopic assembly 2. However, under the action of the right angle side of the first limiting groove 305, the first limiting pin 301 cannot be pushed up, thereby fixing the first slider 1 to ensure the lateral pressure of the first slider 1 on the pit side wall.
[0071] Using the lifting assembly 5, the deformable support assembly is pushed out by the top block. The portion of the deformable support assembly that extends beyond the upright 41 deforms to match the arc shape of the pit top, providing support for the arc surface. The support assembly 42 located on the upright 41 provides support for the pit sidewall. The lifting assembly 5 is fixed, thus determining the position of the deformable support assembly. When the second slider 503 slides within the first slider 1, it pushes the connecting rod 501 to move through the hinge seat 502. The connecting rod 501 is tilted, and its high end is hinged to the sidewall of the top block 44, allowing the connecting rod 501 to move. When moved, the top block 44 is pushed up, which in turn pushes out multiple support components 42. Several anchor rods 43 are installed on the part of the support component 42 that exceeds the upright 41. The deformed section of the support component 42 is anchored to the arc-shaped side wall of the pit by the anchor rods 43. At the same time, the anchor rods 43 also serve to reinforce the soil. The template matching the structure of the pit side wall is fixedly installed between two adjacent support components 42. Then, the concrete is poured. After the concrete has solidified, the formwork is removed, the device is dismantled, the support component 42 is removed, and the gap formed by the support component 42 is filled with formwork and poured.
[0072] In the specific implementation process, the hollow anchor rod 4301 is inserted into the soil around the foundation pit until the pressure plate 4302 contacts the top plate 4202 located on the inner side. The pressure plate 4302 and the top plate 4202 are fixedly connected together by several bolts 4303. Then, the plug 4307 at the tail of the hollow anchor rod 4301 is opened, and grout is injected into the hollow anchor rod 4301. The grout enters the gap between the flexible expansion wall 4306 and the outer wall of the hollow anchor rod 4301 through the connecting port 4304. Under the pressure of the grout injection, the flexible expansion wall 4306 expands, squeezing the soil and further improving the anchoring effect. At the same time, the soil pressure inside the soil is increased. Then, the plug 4307 is used to block the inlet of the hollow anchor rod 4301.
[0073] The soil pressure generated by the soil is transmitted to the top plate 4202 through the pressure plate 4302, and then dispersed by several support components 42 to finally play a supporting role. Then, the two ends of the matching template are installed on several adjacent support components 42 on the same side of two adjustable template trolleys to complete the template erection, and then the pouring can be carried out.
[0074] After the concrete has solidified, the formwork is removed, the device is moved to the next section that needs to be poured via rails, and the gaps created by several support components 42 are filled by erecting another formwork to complete the pouring of the support structure.
[0075] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An adjustable template trolley, characterized in that, include: Two first sliders (1) are symmetrically arranged, and a telescopic component (2) is provided between the two first sliders (1). The telescopic component (2) is used to increase the pressure of the first sliders (1) on the side wall of the pit. A first sliding fixing component (3) is provided on the first slider (1) for adjusting the horizontal position of the first slider (1); A deformable support assembly (4) is provided on the first slider (1) for supporting the arc surface of the foundation pit. The deformable support assembly (4) includes a vertical rod (41) fixedly connected to the top of the first slider (1) on the side away from the telescopic assembly (2). Multiple support assemblies (42) are sleeved on the vertical rod (41). Multiple anchor rods (43) are provided on the side of the support assembly (42) away from the first slider (1). A top block (44) is provided at the bottom of the support assembly (42). The top block (44) is sleeved on the outer surface of the vertical rod (41). The top block (44) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the vertical rod (41). A connecting assembly (45) is provided between two adjacent support assemblies (42). The support assembly (42) includes two symmetrically arranged outer protective plates (4201), and two spaced-apart top plates (4202) are fixedly connected between the two outer protective plates (4201). The two outer protective plates (4201) and the two top plates (4202) form a rectangular structure. An anchor bolt channel (4203) is provided at the center of the top plate (4202). Hinges (4204) are fixedly connected to the four corners of the outer protective plates (4201). The connecting assembly (45) includes a connecting piece (4501). Two first hinge holes (4502) are opened at one end of the connecting piece (4501), and two second hinge holes (4504) are opened at the other end of the connecting piece (4501). Two hinge holes (4503), the second hinge hole (4503) is a rounded rectangular structure, the inner diameter of the second hinge hole (4503) is larger than the diameter of the hinge shaft (4204), the second hinge hole (4503) is located on the side close to the telescopic component (2), the bottom of the outer protective plate (4201) is connected to the top of the connecting piece (4501) through the first hinge hole (4502), the second hinge hole (4503) and the two hinge shafts (4204), the top of the outer protective plate (4201) is connected to the bottom of the connecting piece (4501) through the first hinge hole (4502), the second hinge hole (4503) and the two hinge shafts (4204); The second hinge hole (4503) is a rounded rectangular structure, and the inner diameter of the second hinge hole (4503) is larger than the diameter of the corner hinge shaft (4204) of the support assembly (42), so that the support assembly (42) can rotate relative to the connecting assembly (45) and bend towards the side closer to the telescopic assembly (2); and A lifting assembly (5) is mounted on the first slider (1) and connected to the deformation support assembly (4) for determining the position of the deformation support assembly (4). The lifting assembly (5) includes a connecting rod (501), one end of which is hinged to the outer wall of the top block (44), and the other end of which is hinged to a hinge seat (502). A second slider (503) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hinge seat (502). The hinge seat (502) is located at the end of the second slider (503) near the telescopic assembly (2). The second slider (503) and the first slider... The block (1) is slidably connected. The second slider (503) is provided with a plurality of second limiting grooves (504) at equal intervals. The inner wall of the first slider (1) is slidably connected with a second pin (505). The second pin (505) is vertically set. The bottom of the second pin (505) is engaged with the second limiting groove (504). The outer surface of the second pin (505) is fitted with a second spring (506). One end of the second spring (506) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second pin (505). The other end of the second spring (506) is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider (1).
2. The adjustable template trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding fixing component (3) includes a plurality of first limiting pins (301) arranged at equal intervals. The first limiting pins (301) are slidably connected to the inner wall of the first slider (1). A first spring (302) is provided between the top of the first limiting pin (301) and the top of the first slider (1). The first spring (302) is sleeved on the outer surface of the first limiting pin (301). The top of the first spring (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the first limiting pin (301). The bottom of the first spring (302) is fixedly connected to the top of the first slider (1).
3. An adjustable template trolley according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sliding fixing component (3) further includes a support base (303) and a first slide rail (304) located at both ends of the bottom of the first slider (1). The first slide rail (304) is located on the side facing the telescopic component (2). The support base (303) and the first slide rail (304) are slidably connected to the bottom of the first slider (1). The top of the first slide rail (304) is provided with a plurality of first limiting grooves (305) arranged in sequence. The first limiting grooves (305) are adapted to the first limiting pins (301). The first limiting grooves (305) and the first limiting pins (301) are engaged.
4. An adjustable template trolley according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic component (2) includes a central block (21), a pressure part (22) is provided at the top of the central block (21), and telescopic parts (23) are provided at both ends of the central block (21). The pressure part (22) is connected to the telescopic part (23).
5. An adjustable template trolley according to claim 4, characterized in that: The telescopic part (23) includes a telescopic device housing (2301), which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the central block (21). A telescopic rod track (2302) is coaxially sleeved inside the telescopic device housing (2301). One end of the telescopic rod track (2302) is fixedly connected to the middle of the side wall of the central block (21). A sliding rod (2303) is slidably connected inside the telescopic rod track (2302). The end of the sliding rod (2303) penetrates the side wall of the telescopic device housing (2301). The other end of the sliding rod (2303) is connected to the end of the first slider (1) near the telescopic component (2). An oil storage tank (2304) is provided between the telescopic device housing (2301) and the telescopic rod track (2302). The oil storage tank (2304) and the telescopic rod track (2302) are connected. An oil drain valve (2305) is provided at the connection between the oil storage tank (2304) and the telescopic rod track (2302).
6. An adjustable template trolley according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressurizing unit (22) includes a piston slide (2201), which is connected to the oil storage tank (2304) via an oil outlet pipe (2202). The oil outlet pipe (2202) has a second check valve (2203) at its inlet end. The piston slide (2201) is connected to the telescopic rod track (2302) via an oil inlet pipe (2204). The oil outlet pipe (2204) has a first check valve (2205) at its outlet end. The piston slide (2201)... 1) A piston (2206) is vertically slidably connected inside. A lever (2207) is hinged to the top of the piston (2206). A handle (2208) is fixedly connected to one end of the lever (2207). A second hinge rod (2209) is hinged to the other end of the lever (2207). A first hinge rod (2210) is hinged to one end of the second hinge rod (2209). One end of the first hinge rod (2210) is hinged to the bottom outer wall of the piston slide (2201).
7. A construction method for an adjustable formwork trolley, characterized in that, The construction method using the adjustable template trolley according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: S1: Fix the expansion joint at the center of the pit surface, and lay support seats and the first slide rail on both sides of the expansion joint; S2: Place the first slider on the support base and the first slide rail, and connect the first slider to the telescopic assembly; S3: Use the telescopic assembly to make the first slider abut against the side wall of the pit, increasing the pressure on the side wall of the pit; S4: Use the lifting assembly to push the support assembly out, so that the support assembly extends beyond the upright part of the deformable support arc surface; S5: Install anchor bolts to anchor the deformed section of the support component to the arc-shaped sidewall of the pit. S6: Install the formwork between two adjacent support components, and remove the formwork after pouring the concrete; S7: Remove this device and construct formwork and pour concrete for the gaps formed by the deformation support components.