An assembled steel-concrete combined hanging box structure without bottom cover and an assembling method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure and assembly method, relating to the field of bridge construction technology. It includes a pile foundation, with a connecting and fixing frame welded to the top of the pile foundation. Through the cooperation of a first steel frame component and a second steel frame component, during high tide, the overall structure can be adjusted and stabilized by the dynamic forces of the rising and falling tides, ensuring that the combined force of buoyancy and inter-structure cohesion is the same. Furthermore, the connection between the steel-concrete caisson frame and the base plate is prefabricated, facilitating rapid installation and dismantling, enabling bottomless construction, effectively saving construction costs and time. The construction period for a single pier is expected to be shortened by approximately [number] days, reducing construction costs by about 10%. Simultaneously, the overall structure enhances the overall anti-buoyancy and anti-sinking capabilities of the steel-concrete composite caisson, preventing quality and safety accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction technology, specifically to a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure and its assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Cross-sea bridges, as key projects and important components of my country's coastal transportation network, play an irreplaceable role, connecting the inland areas and islands within my country's coastal economic zone. They are crucial nodes and major infrastructure projects on the national economic artery, possessing significant strategic importance. High-pile cap structures, composed of pile groups and pile caps, are widely used in my country's cross-sea bridge projects due to their advantages such as good geological adaptability, low cost, convenient construction, and low risk. As of 2022, major cross-sea bridge projects connecting my country's major coastal economic zones, such as the Donghai Bridge, Hangzhou Bay Bridge, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, Pingtan Strait Railway-Highway Bridge, and Shadiwan Cross-Sea Bridge, all utilize high-pile cap structures for their subfoundations. The main functions of high-pile caps are: connecting multiple piles into a unified structure to jointly bear the superstructure load; and transferring the superstructure load to the tops of each pile through the pile cap. The pile cap is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, equivalent to a shallow foundation. Therefore, pile caps themselves have a bearing capacity similar to shallow foundations, i.e., the pile cap effect. Currently, the conventional construction techniques for high pile caps mainly include the integral steel caisson cofferdam method, the prefabricated steel base plate caisson cofferdam method, and the prefabricated plain concrete base plate caisson cofferdam method.

[0003] However, in the current technology, the overall steel caisson cofferdam method is extremely difficult to dismantle in the later stage. If it is not dismantled, the construction materials will be wasted seriously, and the construction cost will be increased. On the other hand, the prefabricated steel bottom plate caisson cofferdam requires underwater cutting of the side walls and recycling of the bottom plate steel after the foundation is constructed. The construction risk is high, and there is a possibility that the bottom plate steel cannot be completely recycled, resulting in increased steel consumption and failing to meet the needs of construction operations. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new prefabricated bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure and assembly method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure and assembly method to solve the problem that the current construction methods of integral steel caisson cofferdam and prefabricated steel base plate caisson cofferdam, as mentioned in the background art, cannot well meet the construction operation requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure, including a pile foundation, a connecting and fixing frame welded to the top of the pile foundation, a first steel frame component installed on the top of the connecting and fixing frame, a second steel frame component fastened to the side end of the first steel frame component, and the first steel frame component and the second steel frame component forming a bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure;

[0006] The second steel structure component includes a connecting beam frame. Four sets of nut seats are threadedly fastened to the top of the connecting beam frame. Connecting steel plates are fastened to the bottom of the four nut seats. Reinforcing ribs are inserted and installed on the surface of the connecting steel plates. A U-shaped waterproof frame is welded and fastened to the side end of the connecting beam frame. Four sets of drainage holes are opened through the bottom surface of the U-shaped waterproof frame. Two sets of fixed connecting seats are fastened and fastened to the bottom of the left and right ends of the connecting steel plates. H-shaped support corner seats are welded and fixed to the sides of the two sets of fixed connecting seats. A floating positioning column is inserted and fixed inside the side end of the H-shaped support corner seat. Both ends of the bottom connecting rod of the floating positioning column are equipped with wear parts. The surfaces of the two sets of fixed connecting seats... An installation slot is provided through the top, and a reinforcing crossbeam column is inserted and installed inside the installation slot. Two sets of movable connectors are installed on the outer periphery of the reinforcing crossbeam column, and the connecting ends of the movable connectors are inserted and secured by damping connecting columns. A retaining connecting steel plate frame is welded and installed on the side end of the reinforcing crossbeam column. Two sets of locking blocks are installed on the side wall surface of the movable connectors. Elastic spring columns are fastened to the side wall surface of the two sets of locking blocks, and GPRS chips are embedded inside the two sets of locking blocks. A pressurizing air pump is fastened to the side end of the elastic spring column. Three sets of floating airbags are connected to the bottom of the pressurizing air pump through a connecting frame plate, and a submersible water level sensor is installed on the top surface of the three sets of floating airbags.

[0007] Preferably, the first steel structure component includes a steel-concrete assembly frame, and a positioning clamp steel frame is fastened to the side end of the steel-concrete assembly frame. A clamp frame is installed inside the positioning clamp steel frame. After the overall structure is fixed in the preset installation position by using the steel-concrete assembly frame, the clamp frame is installed inside the positioning clamp steel frame. The positioning clamp steel frame and the steel-concrete assembly frame are fastened together, which can improve the accuracy of the lowering and installation position of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite caisson.

[0008] Preferably, threaded mounting grooves are provided on both sides of the surface of the positioning clamp steel frame and the clamp frame. The threaded mounting grooves are internally threaded with clamp long fixing bolts. The clamp long fixing bolts securely install the installation steel frame, the positioning clamp steel frame and the clamp frame. By using the installation of clamp long fixing bolts, the installation steel frame, the positioning clamp steel frame and the clamp frame are fixed in sequence, ensuring the stability of the connection structure.

[0009] Preferably, two sets of preset holes are provided through the two sides of the surface of the clamp frame, and clamp reinforcing ribs are inserted and sealed inside the two sets of preset holes. An I-shaped positioning steel frame is installed inside the clamp frame. With the clamp reinforcing ribs and the two sets of preset holes working together, the rigidity of the assembled steel-concrete composite caisson can be further increased.

[0010] Preferably, rubber limiting plates are embedded and fastened to the left and right end surfaces of the positioning clamp steel frame, and reinforcing ribs are welded and fixed to the left and right side end surfaces of the positioning clamp steel frame. By using the rubber limiting plates and reinforcing ribs, the stability of the overall structure of the positioning clamp steel frame can be ensured under dynamic water conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the I-shaped positioning steel frame is provided with four sets of mounting and fixing grooves, and the top wall surface of the clamping frame is provided with fitting grooves on both the left and right sides. A connecting reinforcing steel plate is installed inside the fitting groove, and the top of the connecting reinforcing steel plate is threaded with four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts. The four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts are threadedly connected to the fitting groove. After the steel frame, positioning clamping steel frame and clamping frame are installed and tightened, the connecting reinforcing steel plate is installed inside the fitting groove, and then tightened with the four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts to further ensure the overall structural stability and improve the compressive strength of the overall structure.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing plate is welded to the side end of the I-shaped positioning steel frame, and a reinforcing bridge plate is installed at the connection end of the reinforcing rib and the positioning clamp steel frame. Four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts are fastened to the outside of the reinforcing bridge plate, so that the sealing plate is welded to the side end of the I-shaped positioning steel frame. Then, the reinforcing bridge plate is fastened to the side of the sealing plate using the four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts, and at the same time, the reinforcing rib, the positioning clamp steel frame and the two end frames of the reinforcing bridge plate are welded and fixed.

[0013] Preferably, a steel-concrete caisson frame is fastened to the top of the connecting reinforcing steel plate and the connecting beam frame. A reinforcing plate is spot-welded to the top of the steel-concrete caisson frame. Reinforcing bars are evenly inserted into the interior of the reinforcing plate through pre-set insertion slots on its surface. A poured cement layer is laid on the top of the steel-concrete caisson frame. Construction workers can then install the steel-concrete caisson frame sequentially. By spot-welding the reinforcing plate and inserting the reinforcing bars, the compressive strength and deformation resistance of the steel-concrete caisson frame are ensured. Then, the poured cement layer is laid and poured.

[0014] Preferably, a side mounting positioning frame is welded to the inner bottom end of the steel-concrete caisson frame, and a groove is provided at the center end of the side of the steel-concrete caisson frame. Two sets of reinforcing members are fitted into the groove and the outer surface of the side mounting positioning frame. With the cooperation of the two sets of reinforcing members, it is easy to protect the four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts, and further install and fit them into the groove, so that the overall structure can be quickly installed and disassembled.

[0015] An assembly method for a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. When prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson construction is required, the steel-concrete frame and the positioning clamp steel frame are welded and fastened using a connecting and fixing framework. Then, the construction workers sequentially install and connect the clamp frame, the I-shaped positioning steel frame, the sealing plate, and the reinforcing bridge plate using clamp long fixing bolts, four sets of reinforcing installation bolts, and four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts. At the same time, the connecting reinforcing steel plate is fitted into the fitting groove opened on the top wall surface of the clamp frame. Then, the clamp reinforcing ribs are inserted and sealed using two sets of pre-set holes to ensure the stability of the overall installation structure. Thus, the overall structure makes the connection between the steel-concrete caisson frame and the base plate a prefabricated installation, which is convenient for quick installation and dismantling, realizes bottomless construction, effectively saves construction costs and shortens the construction period. The construction period of a single pier is expected to be shortened by about 10 days, reducing construction costs by about 10%.

[0017] S2. Next, the steel plate frame and clamp frame are fastened and installed. The connection stability of the steel plate frame and clamp frame is strengthened by the reinforcing crossbeam column. Then, the two sets of fixed connecting seats, H-shaped support corner seats and floating positioning columns are installed in sequence to facilitate the subsequent fastening of the U-shaped waterproof frame to the side of the connecting beam frame. This allows the construction personnel to stand inside the U-shaped waterproof frame during installation and dismantle the work without underwater operation. The four sets of drainage holes facilitate drainage after the tide recedes.

[0018] S3. Next, the movable connector is installed on the outside of the reinforcing beam column. This allows for adjustment and restriction of the movable connector's angle of movement when it is installed by the damping connecting column, with the cooperation of two sets of locking blocks. When the tide is high, the movable connector is affected by the buoyancy of the tide. With the cooperation of the elastic spring column, it can drive the overall structure to adjust and stabilize with the water wave dynamics of the rising and falling tides, reducing the impact of the buoyancy of the tide on the stability of the steel-concrete caisson frame installation.

[0019] S4. Subsequently, with the help of the submersible water level sensor, when the water level reaches the preset height, the conversion electrical signal is transmitted to the pressurization air pump, which then starts to inflate the three sets of floating airbags. This ensures that the resultant force of the buoyancy and the cohesion between the structures is the same, thus ensuring the stability of the overall steel caisson structure. Furthermore, with the cooperation of the GPRS chip and the positioning clamp steel frame, I-shaped positioning steel frame, and clamp frame, the positioning accuracy of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite caisson is improved.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. In this invention, with the cooperation of the first and second steel frame components, construction personnel can easily utilize the clamping long fixing bolts, four sets of reinforcing installation bolts, four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts, clamping frame, I-shaped positioning steel frame, sealing plate, reinforcing bridge plate, connecting reinforcing steel plate, fitting groove, pre-set hole, and clamping reinforcing ribs to ensure the stability of the overall installation structure. Then, the abutment connecting steel plate frame and clamping frame are tightened, and the connection stability of the abutment connecting steel plate frame and clamping frame is strengthened by the reinforcing crossbeam column. Afterwards, the two sets of fixed connecting seats, H-shaped support corner seats, and floating positioning columns are installed sequentially, facilitating the subsequent installation of the U-shaped waterproof frame. The side ends of the connecting beam frame are fastened, allowing construction workers to stand inside the U-shaped waterproof frame during installation without underwater operations. Four sets of drainage holes facilitate drainage after low tide. Next, movable connectors are installed on the outside of the reinforcing crossbeam column. With the cooperation of two sets of locking blocks, the angle of movement of the movable connectors during installation by the damping connecting column can be adjusted and restricted. When the tide is high, the movable connectors are affected by the buoyancy of the tide. With the cooperation of the elastic spring column, the overall structure can be adjusted and stabilized with the water wave dynamics of the rising and falling tides, reducing the impact of the buoyancy of the tide on the stability of the steel-concrete caisson frame installation.

[0022] 2. In this invention, with the cooperation of the first and second steel frame components and the submersible water level sensor, when the water level reaches the preset height, a conversion electrical signal is transmitted to the pressurizing air pump, causing the pressurizing air pump to start and inflate the three sets of floating airbags. This ensures that the resultant force of buoyancy and cohesion between the structures is the same, further ensuring the stability of the overall steel caisson structure. In addition, with the cooperation of the GPRS chip and positioning clamp steel frame, I-shaped positioning steel frame, and clamp frame, the positioning accuracy of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite caisson is improved. At the same time, the overall structure allows the connection between the steel-concrete caisson frame and the base plate to form a prefabricated installation, which facilitates quick installation and dismantling, realizes bottomless construction, effectively saves construction costs and construction time. The construction period of a single pier is expected to be shortened by about 10 days, reducing construction costs by about 10%.

[0023] 3. In this invention, the combination of rubber limiting plates and reinforcing ribs ensures the stability of the overall structure under dynamic water conditions. At the same time, the overall structure enhances the anti-buoyancy and anti-sinking capabilities of the steel-concrete composite caisson, preventing quality and safety accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention, viewed from below.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation and separation structure in a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separation of the first steel frame component in a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a top view of the second steel frame component in a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the separation of the second steel frame component in a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly and installation of the second steel frame component in a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a side view schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second steel frame component in a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Pile foundation; 2. Connecting and fixing structure; 3. First steel structure component; 31. Installing reinforced concrete frame; 32. Positioning clamp steel frame; 33. Reinforcing rib plate; 34. Rubber limiting plate; 35. Clamp frame; 36. Threaded mounting groove; 37. Clamp long fixing bolt; 38. Clamp reinforcing rib; 39. I-shaped positioning steel frame; 391. Fitting groove; 392. Connecting reinforcing steel plate; 393. Reinforcing mounting bolt; 394. Sealing plate; 395. Reinforced bridge plate; 396. Reinforcing self-tapping bolt; 4. Reinforcing concrete caisson frame; 5. Reinforcing bar; 6. Reinforcing plate; 7. 8. Cement layer pouring; 9. Second steel frame component; 10. Connecting beam frame; 11. Nut seat; 12. Connecting steel plate; 13. Reinforcing rib; 14. U-shaped waterproof frame; 15. Drain hole; 16. Fixed connecting seat; 17. H-shaped support corner seat; 18. Floating positioning column; 19. Running part; 10. Movable connecting part; 11. Reinforcing beam column; 22. Anti-fixing connecting steel plate frame; 23. Elastic spring column; 24. Pressurized air pump; 35. Locking block; 46. Floating airbag; 57. Side mounting positioning frame; 68. Slot; 99. Reinforcing component. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-8As shown: A prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure includes a pile foundation 1. A connecting and fixing frame 2 is welded to the top of the pile foundation 1. A first steel frame component 3 is installed on the top of the connecting and fixing frame 2. A second steel frame component 8 is fastened to the side end of the first steel frame component 3, and the first steel frame component 3 and the second steel frame component 8 form a bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure. The second steel frame component 8 includes a connecting beam frame 81, and four sets of nut seats 82 are threadedly fastened to the top of the connecting beam frame 81. A connecting steel plate 83 is fastened to the bottom of the four nut seats 82. A reinforcing rib 84 is inserted and installed on the surface of the connecting steel plate 83. A U-shaped waterproof frame 85 is welded and fastened to the side end of the connecting beam frame 81. Four sets of drainage holes 86 are opened through the bottom surface of the U-shaped waterproof frame 85. Two sets of fixed connecting seats 87 are fastened and installed to the bottom of the left and right ends of the connecting steel plate 83. H-shaped support corner seats 88 are welded and fixed to the sides of the two sets of fixed connecting seats 87. The sides of the H-shaped support corner seats 88 are inserted and fixed inside. The system includes a buoyancy positioning column 89, with running parts 891 installed on both the left and right ends of the bottom connecting rod of the buoyancy positioning column 89. Two sets of fixed connecting seats 87 have through-grooves on their surfaces, and reinforcing crossbeam columns 893 are inserted into the interior of these grooves. Two sets of movable connecting parts 892 are installed on the outer periphery of the reinforcing crossbeam columns 893, with the connecting ends of the movable connecting parts 892 being inserted and secured by damping connecting columns. Furthermore, abutment connectors are welded to the side ends of the reinforcing crossbeam columns 893. The steel plate frame 894 and the movable connecting part 892 are equipped with two sets of locking blocks 897 on their side wall surfaces. The two sets of locking blocks 897 are fastened to the side wall surfaces of their side wall surfaces. The two sets of locking blocks 897 are equipped with GPRS chips. The side ends of the elastic springs 895 are fastened to the pressurizing air pump 896. The bottom of the pressurizing air pump 896 is connected to three sets of floating airbags 898 through the connecting frame plate. The top surfaces of the three sets of floating airbags 898 are equipped with submersible water level sensors.

[0035] according to Figures 1-4 As shown, the first steel structure component 3 includes a steel-concrete assembly frame 31. A positioning clamp steel frame 32 is fastened to the side end of the steel-concrete assembly frame 31. A clamp frame 35 is installed inside the positioning clamp steel frame 32. After the overall structure is fixed in the preset installation position by using the steel-concrete assembly frame 31, the clamp frame 35 is installed inside the positioning clamp steel frame 32. The positioning clamp steel frame 32 and the steel-concrete assembly frame 31 are fastened together, which can improve the accuracy of the lowering and installation position of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite caisson.

[0036] according to Figures 1-4As shown, threaded mounting grooves 36 are provided on both sides of the surface of the positioning clamp steel frame 32 and the clamp frame 35. The threaded mounting grooves 36 are internally threaded with clamp long fixing bolts 37. The clamp long fixing bolts 37 securely install the steel frame 31, the positioning clamp steel frame 32 and the clamp frame 35. By using the installation of clamp long fixing bolts 37, the steel frame 31, the positioning clamp steel frame 32 and the clamp frame 35 are fixed in sequence, ensuring the stability of the connection structure.

[0037] according to Figures 1-4 As shown, two sets of pre-set holes are provided on both sides of the surface of the clamp frame 35. The clamp reinforcing ribs 38 are inserted and sealed inside the two sets of pre-set holes. An I-shaped positioning steel frame 39 is installed inside the clamp frame 35. With the clamp reinforcing ribs 38 and the two sets of pre-set holes, the rigidity of the assembled steel-concrete composite caisson can be further increased.

[0038] according to Figures 1-4 As shown, rubber limiting plates 34 are embedded and fastened to the left and right ends of the positioning clamp steel frame 32, and reinforcing ribs 33 are welded and fixed to the left and right ends of the positioning clamp steel frame 32. By using the rubber limiting plates 34 and reinforcing ribs 33, the positioning clamp steel frame 32 can ensure the stability of the overall structure under dynamic water conditions.

[0039] according to Figures 1-4 As shown, four sets of mounting grooves are provided on the surface of the I-shaped positioning steel frame 39, and fitting grooves 391 are provided on both the left and right sides of the top wall surface of the clamp frame 35. A connecting reinforcing steel plate 392 is installed inside the fitting groove 391. Four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts 393 are threadedly connected to the top of the connecting reinforcing steel plate 392, and the four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts 393 are threadedly connected to the fitting groove 391. After the installation steel frame 31, positioning clamp steel frame 32 and clamp frame 35 are installed and tightened, the connecting reinforcing steel plate 392 is installed inside the fitting groove 391, and then tightened with the four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts 393 to further ensure the overall structural stability and improve the compressive strength of the overall structure.

[0040] according to Figures 1-4 As shown, a sealing plate 394 is welded to the side end of the I-shaped positioning steel frame 39, and a reinforcing bridge plate 395 is installed at the connection end of the reinforcing rib plate 33 and the positioning clamp steel frame 32. Four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts 396 are fastened to the outside of the reinforcing bridge plate 395, so that the sealing plate 394 is welded to the side end of the I-shaped positioning steel frame 39. Then, the reinforcing bridge plate 395 is fastened to the side of the sealing plate 394 using four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts 396, and at the same time, the reinforcing rib plate 33, the positioning clamp steel frame 32 and the two end frames of the reinforcing bridge plate 395 are welded and fixed.

[0041] according to Figures 1-3 As shown, a steel-concrete caisson frame 4 is fastened to the top of the connecting reinforcing steel plate 392 and the connecting beam frame 81. A reinforcing plate 6 is spot-welded to the top of the steel-concrete caisson frame 4. Reinforcing bars 5 are evenly inserted into the interior of the reinforcing plate 6 through pre-set insertion slots on its surface. A cement layer 7 is laid on the top of the steel-concrete caisson frame 4. Then, the construction personnel can install the steel-concrete caisson frame 4 in sequence. By spot-welding the reinforcing plate 6 and inserting the reinforcing bars 5, the compressive strength and deformation resistance of the steel-concrete caisson frame 4 are ensured. Then, the cement layer 7 is laid and poured.

[0042] according to Figures 1-3 As shown, a side mounting positioning frame 9 is welded to the bottom end of the steel-concrete caisson frame 4, and a groove 10 is provided at the center end of the side of the steel-concrete caisson frame 4. Two sets of reinforcing members 11 are fitted and installed on the outer surface of the groove 10 and the side mounting positioning frame 9. With the cooperation of the two sets of reinforcing members 11, it is easy to protect the four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts 393, and further install and fit with the groove 10, so that the overall structure can be quickly installed and disassembled.

[0043] The operation of the GPRS chip, submersible water level sensor, locking block 897, pressurizing air pump 896, and floating airbag 898 in this invention are common knowledge in the field, and their working principles are known technologies. The appropriate model is selected according to actual use. Therefore, the control methods and wiring layout of the GPRS chip, submersible water level sensor, locking block 897, pressurizing air pump 896, and floating airbag 898 will not be explained in detail.

[0044] The usage and working principle of this device are as follows: First, when constructing a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson, the steel-concrete frame 31 and the positioning clamp steel frame 32 are welded and fastened using the connecting and fixing frame 2. Then, construction workers use the clamp long fixing bolts 37, four sets of reinforcing installation bolts 393, and four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts 396 to sequentially install and connect the clamp frame 35, the I-beam positioning steel frame 39, the sealing plate 394, and the reinforcing bridge plate 395. Simultaneously, the connecting reinforcing steel plate 392 is fitted into the fitting groove 391 opened on the top wall surface of the clamp frame 35. Then, the clamp reinforcing ribs 38 are inserted and sealed using two sets of pre-set holes to ensure the stability of the overall installation structure. Finally, the abutment connection is achieved. The steel plate frame 894 and the clamp frame 35 are fastened together. The connection between the steel plate frame 894 and the clamp frame 35 is strengthened by the reinforcing crossbeam column 893. Then, the two sets of fixed connecting seats 87, H-shaped support corner seats 88, and floating positioning columns 89 are installed in sequence to facilitate the subsequent fastening of the U-shaped waterproof frame 85 to the side of the connecting beam frame 81. This allows construction personnel to stand inside the U-shaped waterproof frame 85 during installation and dismantle the structure without underwater operations. Four sets of drainage holes 86 facilitate drainage after low tide. Next, the movable connector 892 is installed on the outside of the reinforcing crossbeam column 893 to facilitate the use of two sets of locking blocks 897. The movable angle of the movable connector 892 is adjusted and limited when installed by the damping connecting column. During high tide, the movable connector 892 is affected by the buoyancy of the tide. With the cooperation of the elastic spring column 895, it can drive the overall structure to adjust and stabilize with the water wave dynamics of the rising and falling tides, reducing the impact of the buoyancy of the tide on the installation stability of the steel-concrete caisson frame 4. Then, with the cooperation of the submersible water level sensor, when the water level reaches the preset height, it can transmit a conversion electrical signal to the pressurization pump 896, so that the pressurization pump 896 can start and inflate the three sets of floating airbags 898. This ensures that the resultant force of the buoyancy and the cohesion between the structures is the same, ensuring the stability of the overall steel caisson structure. In addition, the GPRS chip and the positioning clamp steel frame 32 are also included. With the cooperation of the I-shaped positioning steel frame 39 and the clamp frame 35, the positioning accuracy of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite caisson is improved. At the same time, the overall structure allows the connection between the steel-concrete caisson frame 4 and the base plate to form a prefabricated installation, which is convenient for quick installation and disassembly, realizes construction without sealing the bottom, effectively saves construction costs and shortens the construction period. The construction period of a single pier is expected to be shortened by about 15 days, reducing construction costs by about 10%. After that, the construction personnel can install the steel-concrete caisson frame 4 in sequence. By spot welding the reinforcing plate 6 and the insertion of the steel bar 5, the compressive strength and deformation resistance of the steel-concrete caisson frame 4 are ensured. Finally, the cement layer 7 is poured. The overall construction operation is carried out in segments, which facilitates quality and safety control throughout the entire construction process.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure, characterized in that: The structure includes a pile foundation (1), a connecting and fixing frame (2) is welded and installed on the top of the pile foundation (1), a first steel frame component (3) is installed on the top of the connecting and fixing frame (2), a second steel frame component (8) is fastened to the side end of the first steel frame component (3), and the first steel frame component (3) and the second steel frame component (8) form a bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure. The second steel structure component (8) includes a connecting beam frame (81), the top of which is threadedly fastened with four sets of nut seats (82), the bottom of which is fastened with connecting steel plates (83), and reinforcing ribs (84) are inserted and installed on the surface of the connecting steel plates (83). A U-shaped waterproof frame (85) is welded and fastened to the side end of the connecting beam frame (81), and four sets of drainage holes are formed through the bottom surface of the U-shaped waterproof frame (85). Water hole (86), and two sets of fixed connecting seats (87) are fastened to the bottom of the left and right ends of the connecting steel plate (83). H-shaped support corner seats (88) are welded and fixed to the sides of the two sets of fixed connecting seats (87). A floating positioning column (89) is inserted and fixed inside the side end of the H-shaped support corner seat (88). The bottom end connecting rod of the floating positioning column (89) is equipped with a running part (891) on both the left and right ends of the outer periphery. Among them, the two sets of fixed connecting seats (87) A mounting groove is formed through the surface of the reinforcing beam column (893), which is inserted into the groove. Two sets of movable connectors (892) are installed on the outer periphery of the reinforcing beam column (893), and the connecting ends of the movable connectors (892) are inserted and secured by damping connecting columns. A retaining steel plate frame (894) is welded to the side end of the reinforcing beam column (893), and two sets of locking blocks are installed on the side wall surface of the movable connectors (892). (897) Elastic springs (895) are fastened to the side wall surfaces of the two sets of locking blocks (897), and GPRS chips are embedded inside the two sets of locking blocks (897). A pressurizing air pump (896) is fastened to the side end of the elastic spring (895). Three sets of floating airbags (898) are connected to the bottom of the pressurizing air pump (896) through a connecting frame plate. An immersion-type water level sensor is installed on the top surface of the three sets of floating airbags (898).

2. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first steel structure component (3) includes a steel-concrete frame (31), and a positioning clamp steel frame (32) is fastened to the side end of the steel-concrete frame (31). A clamp frame (35) is installed inside the positioning clamp steel frame (32).

3. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the positioning clamp steel frame (32) and the clamp frame (35) are provided with threaded mounting grooves (36). The threaded mounting grooves (36) are internally threaded with clamp long fixing bolts (37). The clamp long fixing bolts (37) securely install the mounting steel frame (31), the positioning clamp steel frame (32) and the clamp frame (35).

4. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two sets of pre-set holes are provided on both sides of the surface of the clamp frame (35), and clamp reinforcing ribs (38) are inserted and sealed inside the two sets of pre-set holes. An I-shaped positioning steel frame (39) is installed inside the clamp frame (35).

5. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: Rubber limiting plates (34) are embedded and fastened on the left and right end surfaces of the positioning clamp steel frame (32), and reinforcing ribs (33) are welded and fixed on the left and right side surfaces of the positioning clamp steel frame (32).

6. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the I-shaped positioning steel frame (39) is provided with four sets of mounting and fixing grooves, and the top wall surface of the clamp frame (35) is provided with fitting grooves (391) on both the left and right sides. A connecting reinforcing steel plate (392) is installed inside the fitting groove (391), and four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts (393) are threadedly connected to the top of the connecting reinforcing steel plate (392), and the four sets of reinforcing mounting bolts (393) are threadedly connected to the fitting groove (391).

7. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side end of the I-shaped positioning steel frame (39) is welded with a sealing plate (394), and the connection end of the reinforcing rib plate (33) and the positioning clamp steel frame (32) is equipped with a reinforcing bridge plate (395). The external of the reinforcing bridge plate (395) is fastened with four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts (396).

8. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the connecting reinforcing steel plate (392) and the connecting beam frame (81) is fastened with a steel-concrete caisson frame (4). A reinforcing plate (6) is spot-welded to the top of the steel-concrete caisson frame (4). Reinforcing bars (5) are evenly inserted into the inside of the reinforcing plate (6) through pre-set insertion slots on its surface. A poured cement layer (7) is laid on the top of the steel-concrete caisson frame (4).

9. The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steel-concrete caisson frame (4) has a side mounting positioning frame (9) welded to its inner bottom end, and a groove (10) is provided at the center end of the side of the steel-concrete caisson frame (4). Two sets of reinforcing members (11) are fitted and installed on the outer surfaces of the groove (10) and the side mounting positioning frame (9).

10. An assembly method for a prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure, characterized in that, The prefabricated, bottomless steel-concrete composite caisson structure according to claim 9 includes the following steps: S1. When it is necessary to carry out the construction of prefabricated steel-concrete composite caisson without sealing, the steel-concrete frame (31) and the positioning clamp steel frame (32) are welded and fastened using the connecting and fixing frame (2). Then, the construction personnel install and connect the clamp frame (35), the I-shaped positioning steel frame (39), the sealing plate (394) and the reinforcing bridge plate (395) respectively using the clamp long fixing bolt (37), four sets of reinforcing installation bolts (393) and four sets of reinforcing self-tapping bolts (396). At the same time, the connecting reinforcing steel plate (392) is fitted and assembled into the fitting groove (391) opened on the top wall surface of the clamp frame (35). Then, the clamp reinforcing ribs (38) are inserted and sealed using two sets of preset holes to ensure the stability of the overall installation structure. Thus, the connection between the steel-concrete caisson frame (4) and the bottom plate forms a prefabricated installation, which is convenient for quick installation and disassembly, and realizes the construction without sealing. S2. Next, the steel plate frame (894) and the clamp frame (35) are fastened and installed. The connection stability of the steel plate frame (894) and the clamp frame (35) is strengthened by the reinforcing crossbeam column (893). Then, the two sets of fixed connecting seats (87), H-type support corner seats (88), and floating positioning columns (89) are installed and erected in sequence. This makes it easier to fasten the U-shaped waterproof frame (85) to the side of the connecting beam frame (81) in the future. This allows the construction personnel to stand inside the U-shaped waterproof frame (85) during installation and can carry out installation and dismantling operations without underwater operations. The four sets of drainage holes (86) facilitate drainage operations after the tide recedes. S3. Next, the movable connector (892) is installed on the outside of the reinforcing crossbeam column (893) to facilitate the adjustment and restriction of the movable connector (892) when it is installed by the damping connecting column with the cooperation of the two sets of locking blocks (897). When the tide rises, the movable connector (892) is affected by the buoyancy of the tide. With the cooperation of the elastic spring column (895), it can drive the overall structure to adjust and stabilize with the water wave dynamics of the rising and falling tides, thereby reducing the impact of the buoyancy of the tide on the installation stability of the steel-concrete hanging box frame (4). S4. Then, with the help of the submersible water level sensor, when the water level reaches the preset height, the conversion signal is transmitted to the pressurization pump (896), so that the pressurization pump (896) is started and the three sets of floating airbags (898) are inflated. This ensures that the resultant force of the buoyancy and the cohesion between the structures is the same, ensuring the stability of the overall steel caisson structure. In addition, with the cooperation of the GPRS chip and the positioning clamp steel frame (32), the I-shaped positioning steel frame (39), and the clamp frame (35), the positioning accuracy of the prefabricated steel-concrete composite caisson is improved.

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