A dual-axis milling head and method of machining

Abstract

The application discloses a double-shaft milling head, which comprises a mounting base, a first cutter shaft, a second cutter shaft, a first milling cutter disc arranged at the output end of the first cutter shaft, a second milling cutter disc arranged at the output end of the second cutter shaft, a first driving mechanism for driving the first cutter shaft to rotate, a linkage mechanism arranged between the first cutter shaft and the second cutter shaft, and a second driving mechanism for driving the second cutter shaft to move in the vertical direction; the linkage mechanism comprises a first gear arranged on the first cutter shaft and a second gear arranged on the second cutter shaft, the first gear and the second gear are engaged with each other, and the thickness of the first gear is greater than that of the second gear; when the second driving mechanism drives the second milling cutter disc to be located at a lower limit position, the cutter surface of the second milling cutter disc extends below the first milling cutter disc; and when the second driving mechanism drives the second milling cutter disc to be located at an upper limit position, the cutter surface of the first milling cutter disc is located below the second milling cutter disc. By adopting the above scheme, the equipment cost can be reduced, and a corresponding machining method is further provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of milling head, in particular to a double-shaft milling head and a processing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing double-shaft milling head needs two motors to drive the rotation of two cutter shafts, and also needs two sets of moving mechanisms to respectively drive a single cutter shaft to move in the vertical direction to realize the conversion of processing between the two milling heads, so the equipment cost is high, and therefore needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a double-shaft milling head and a processing method, which can realize the rotation of two milling heads driven by a single motor, and the longitudinal movement of the cutter shaft can be completed by only one set of moving mechanism, greatly reducing the equipment cost. In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0004] A double-shaft milling head, comprising a mounting seat, a first cutter shaft, a second cutter shaft, a first milling cutter head arranged at the output end of the first cutter shaft, a second milling cutter head arranged at the output end of the second cutter shaft, a first driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the first cutter shaft, a linkage mechanism arranged between the first cutter shaft and the second cutter shaft, and a second driving mechanism for driving the second cutter shaft to move in the vertical direction; the linkage mechanism comprises a first gear arranged on the first cutter shaft and a second gear arranged on the second cutter shaft, the first gear and the second gear are engaged with each other, and the thickness of the first gear is greater than that of the second gear; when the second driving mechanism drives the second milling cutter head to be located at the lower limit position, the cutter face of the second milling cutter head extends below the first milling cutter head, and when the second driving mechanism drives the second milling cutter head to be located at the upper limit position, the cutter face of the first milling cutter head is located below the second milling cutter head.

[0005] Further, the second driving mechanism comprises a fixedly arranged piston cylinder and a piston sleeve arranged in the piston cylinder, an end face of the piston sleeve is provided with a through mounting hole, the second cutter shaft passes through the mounting hole of the piston sleeve and is rotationally connected with the piston sleeve, and the piston sleeve drives the second cutter shaft to move in the vertical direction.

[0006] Further, the piston cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a cylinder cover which is detachably connected to the cylinder body, the piston sleeve is of a split structure, the piston sleeve comprises a first sleeve body and a second sleeve body which are detachably connected to each other, an inner wall of the first sleeve body is provided with a first bearing mounting groove, a limiting step is arranged on the inner wall of the second sleeve body close to the first bearing mounting groove, the second cutter shaft is mounted in the mounting hole of the piston sleeve through a bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is mounted in the first bearing mounting groove and is limited by the limiting step; a second bearing mounting groove is arranged on the second cutter shaft, and the inner ring of the bearing is arranged in the second bearing mounting groove.

[0007] Further, the piston cylinder is provided with a first hydraulic oil channel and a second hydraulic oil channel, the first hydraulic oil channel penetrates to the bottom of the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the second hydraulic oil channel penetrates to the top of the inner wall of the cylinder body.

[0008] Further, the second driving mechanism further comprises a driving oil cylinder, the driving oil cylinder is installed on the mounting seat, the output shaft of the driving oil cylinder is connected with the piston sleeve through a support, and the piston sleeve is driven to move up and down relative to the piston cylinder through the driving oil cylinder.

[0009] Further, the thickness difference between the first gear and the second gear is greater than or equal to the stroke of the second cutter shaft in the vertical direction.

[0010] Further, the mounting seat is fixedly provided with a first rotating seat, a second rotating seat and a third rotating seat, the first rotating seat and the third rotating seat are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the mounting seat, the second rotating seat is arranged above the first rotating seat, the first cutter shaft is rotatably arranged on the first rotating seat and the second rotating seat, the second cutter shaft is rotatably arranged on the third rotating seat, the second cutter shaft can move in the vertical direction relative to the third rotating seat, and the first driving mechanism is a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is connected with the top end of the first cutter shaft.

[0011] Further, the back of the mounting seat is provided with a mounting plate, the mounting seat is connected with the mounting plate through a first screw rod mechanism arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the mounting plate is connected with the machine table of the milling machine through a second screw rod mechanism arranged in the transverse direction.

[0012] A processing method using the foregoing double-shaft milling head, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) the first cutter shaft is driven to rotate through the first driving mechanism, and then the first milling cutter disc and the second milling cutter disc are driven to rotate, the first milling cutter disc and the second milling cutter disc have a height difference, and the milling cutter disc located at the lower side is rotated and used to process the workpiece;

[0014] (2) the second cutter shaft is driven to move in the vertical direction through the second driving mechanism, and the milling cutter disc originally located at the upper side is arranged below the other milling cutter disc, and then the milling cutter disc located at the lower side is driven to process the workpiece through the first driving mechanism.

[0015] Further, the milling cutter disc used to process the workpiece in step (1) is the second milling cutter disc, and the milling cutter disc used to process the workpiece in step (2) is the first milling cutter disc.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, a first cutter shaft and a second cutter shaft are set up, and the first and second cutter shafts are linked together by a meshing first gear and a second gear. Therefore, the first drive mechanism can drive the first and second cutter shafts to rotate. When machining is required using the first milling cutter disc, the second drive mechanism drives the second cutter shaft to move upward, and the second milling cutter disc at the bottom of the second cutter shaft moves upward, with its cutting face above that of the first milling cutter disc. Therefore, machining can be performed using the first milling cutter disc. When it is necessary to switch to machining using the second milling cutter disc, the second drive mechanism drives the second cutter shaft to move downward, and the cutting face of the second milling cutter disc moves below that of the first milling cutter disc. Therefore, the goal of driving the rotation of two cutter shafts with one first drive mechanism and switching between the first and second milling cutter discs with one second drive mechanism is achieved, greatly saving the cost of the dual-axis milling head. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the front of a dual-axis milling head.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the back of a dual-axis milling head.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a dual-axis milling head when the second milling cutter head is in the lower limit position.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a dual-axis milling head when the second milling cutter head is in the upper limit position.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the use of a hydraulic cylinder to drive the second cutter shaft to move vertically. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a dual-axis milling head includes a mounting base 1, a first cutter shaft 2, a second cutter shaft 3, a first milling cutter disc 4 disposed at the output end of the first cutter shaft 2, a second milling cutter disc 5 disposed at the output end of the second cutter shaft 3, a first drive mechanism for driving the first cutter shaft 2 to rotate, a linkage mechanism disposed between the first cutter shaft 2 and the second cutter shaft 3, and a second drive mechanism for driving the second cutter shaft 3 to move in the vertical direction.

[0024] The back of the mounting base 1 is provided with a mounting plate 6, and the mounting base 1 is connected with the mounting plate 6 through a first screw rod mechanism 7 arranged longitudinally. The mounting plate 6 is connected with the machine table of the milling machine through a second screw rod mechanism (not shown in the figure) arranged transversely. Therefore, the first screw rod mechanism 7 and the second screw rod mechanism are used to realize the movement of the double-shaft milling head in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

[0025] The second driving mechanism includes a piston cylinder 8 fixedly arranged on the mounting base 1 and a piston sleeve 9 arranged in the piston cylinder 8. The end face of the piston sleeve 9 is provided with a through mounting hole. The second cutter shaft 3 passes through the mounting hole of the piston sleeve 9 and is rotationally connected with the piston sleeve 9. The piston sleeve 9 drives the second cutter shaft 3 to move in the vertical direction. Specifically, the piston cylinder 8 includes a cylinder body 10 and a cylinder cover 11 detachably connected to the cylinder body 10. The piston sleeve 9 is of a split structure and includes a first sleeve body 14 and a second sleeve body 15 which are detachably connected to each other. The inner wall of the first sleeve body 14 is provided with a first bearing mounting groove 18. The inner wall of the second sleeve body 15 is provided with a limiting step 17 near the first bearing mounting groove 18. The second cutter shaft 3 is mounted in the mounting hole of the piston sleeve 9 through a bearing 16. The outer ring of the bearing 16 is mounted in the first bearing mounting groove 18 and is limited by the limiting step 17. The second cutter shaft 3 is provided with a second bearing mounting groove 19. The inner ring of the bearing is arranged in the second bearing mounting groove 19. The second bearing mounting groove 19 is formed by a sleeve 30 arranged on the second cutter shaft and a step arranged on the second cutter shaft.

[0026] The piston cylinder is provided with a first hydraulic oil passage 12 and a second hydraulic oil passage 13. The first hydraulic oil passage 12 penetrates to the bottom of the inner wall of the cylinder body 10. The second hydraulic oil passage 13 penetrates to the top of the inner wall of the cylinder body 10. The up-and-down movement of the piston sleeve 9 is realized by feeding oil into the first hydraulic oil passage 12 or the second hydraulic oil passage 13.

[0027] As shown in Figure 5 As another driving structure of the piston sleeve 9, the second driving mechanism further includes a driving oil cylinder 37. The driving oil cylinder 37 is mounted on the mounting base. The output shaft of the driving oil cylinder 37 is connected with the piston sleeve 9 through a support 38. The piston sleeve 9 is driven by the driving oil cylinder 37 to move up and down relative to the piston cylinder 8.

[0028] The mounting base 1 is fixedly provided with a first rotary seat 20, a second rotary seat 21 and a third rotary seat 22. The first rotary seat 20 and the third rotary seat 22 are fixedly arranged on the bottom of the mounting base 1. The second rotary seat 21 is arranged above the first rotary seat 20. The first cutter shaft 2 is rotationally mounted on the first rotary seat 20 and the second rotary seat 21. The second cutter shaft 3 is rotationally mounted on the piston cylinder 8 and the third rotary seat 22. The second cutter shaft 3 can move in the vertical direction relative to the third rotary seat 22. The first driving mechanism is a motor 23. The output shaft of the motor 23 is connected with the top end of the first cutter shaft 2.

[0029] When the second driving mechanism drives the second cutter head 5 to the lower limit position, the cutting surface of the second cutter head 5 extends below the first cutter head 4, and when the second driving mechanism drives the second cutter head 5 to the upper limit position, the cutting surface of the first cutter head 4 is below the second cutter head 5.

[0030] The linkage mechanism comprises a first gear 24 arranged on the first cutter shaft 2 and a second gear 25 arranged on the second cutter shaft 3, the first gear 24 and the second gear 25 are engaged with each other, the thickness of the first gear 24 is greater than the thickness of the second gear 25, and the thickness difference between the first gear 24 and the second gear 25 is greater than or equal to the stroke of the second cutter shaft 3 in the vertical direction, so that the first gear 24 and the second gear 25 can always be engaged when the second cutter shaft 3 moves in the vertical direction.

[0031] In addition, the second cutter shaft 3 is also provided with a tool changing mechanism, the tool changing mechanism comprises a tool changing oil cylinder 35 and a tool changing rod 36, the second cutter shaft 3 adopts a hollow structure, the top of the tool changing rod 36 extends outside the top end of the second cutter shaft 3, the bottom of the tool changing rod 36 extends to the position of the second cutter head 5 installed on the bottom end of the second cutter shaft 3, the tool changing oil cylinder 35 is installed on the mounting seat 1, and the output shaft of the tool changing oil cylinder 35 acts on the top end of the tool changing rod 36 to realize the tool changing operation of the second cutter head 5.

[0032] A processing method of a double-shaft milling head, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) The first cutter shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the first driving mechanism, thereby driving the first cutter head 4 and the second cutter head 5 to rotate, the first cutter head 4 and the second cutter head 5 have a height difference, wherein the lower second cutter head 5 rotates and performs the first processing on the workpiece;

[0034] (2) The second cutter shaft 3 is driven to move in the vertical direction by the second driving mechanism, and the originally upper first cutter head 4 is arranged below the second cutter head 5, and then the first cutter head 4 is driven by the first driving mechanism to perform the second processing on the workpiece.

[0035] According to the technical scheme, the first cutter shaft 2 and the second cutter shaft 3 are connected through the first gear 24 and the second gear 25, and the first cutter shaft 2 and the second cutter shaft 3 are driven to rotate by the first driving mechanism. When the first milling cutter 4 is needed to process, the second cutter shaft 3 is driven to move upward by the second driving mechanism, the second milling cutter 5 at the bottom of the second cutter shaft 3 moves upward and the cutter surface of the second milling cutter 5 is above the cutter surface of the first milling cutter 4, so that the first milling cutter 4 can be used for processing. When the second milling cutter 5 is needed to process, the second cutter shaft 3 is driven to move downward by the second driving mechanism, and the cutter surface of the second milling cutter 5 is below the first milling cutter 4. Therefore, the first driving mechanism drives two cutter shafts to rotate, and the second driving mechanism switches the first milling cutter 4 and the second milling cutter 5, which greatly saves the cost of the double-shaft milling head.

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above, but the present application is not limited to the above. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual-axis milling head, characterized in that: It includes a mounting base, a first cutter shaft, a second cutter shaft, a first milling cutter disc disposed at the output end of the first cutter shaft, a second milling cutter disc disposed at the output end of the second cutter shaft, a first drive mechanism for driving the first cutter shaft to rotate, a linkage mechanism disposed between the first cutter shaft and the second cutter shaft, and a second drive mechanism for driving the second cutter shaft to move in the vertical direction; The linkage mechanism includes a first gear mounted on a first cutter shaft and a second gear mounted on a second cutter shaft. The first gear and the second gear mesh with each other, and the thickness of the first gear is greater than the thickness of the second gear. When the second drive mechanism drives the second milling cutter disc to the lower limit position, the cutting face of the second milling cutter disc extends below the first milling cutter disc; when the second drive mechanism drives the second milling cutter disc to the upper limit position, the cutting face of the first milling cutter disc is below the second milling cutter disc. The second driving mechanism includes a fixedly mounted piston cylinder and a piston sleeve disposed inside the piston cylinder. The end face of the piston sleeve is provided with a through mounting hole. The second cutter shaft passes through the mounting hole of the piston sleeve and is rotatably connected to the piston sleeve. The piston sleeve drives the second cutter shaft to move in the vertical direction. The piston cylinder includes a cylinder body and a cylinder head detachably connected to the cylinder body. The piston sleeve is a split structure, and the piston sleeve includes a first sleeve body and a second sleeve body detachably connected to each other. The inner wall of the first sleeve body is provided with a first bearing mounting groove, and the inner wall of the second sleeve body is provided with a limiting step near the first bearing mounting groove. The second cutter shaft is installed in the mounting hole of the piston sleeve through a bearing, and the outer ring of the bearing is installed in the first bearing mounting groove and limited by the limiting step. The second cutter shaft is provided with a second bearing mounting groove, and the inner ring of the bearing is disposed in the second bearing mounting groove.

2. The dual-axis milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston cylinder is provided with a first hydraulic oil passage and a second hydraulic oil passage. The first hydraulic oil passage extends to the bottom of the inner wall of the cylinder, and the second hydraulic oil passage extends to the top of the cylinder.

3. The dual-axis milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second drive mechanism also includes a drive cylinder, which is mounted on a mounting base. The output shaft of the drive cylinder is connected to the piston sleeve via a bracket, and the piston sleeve is driven to move up and down relative to the piston cylinder by the drive cylinder.

4. The dual-axis milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness difference between the first gear and the second gear is greater than or equal to the stroke of the second cutter shaft in the vertical direction.

5. The dual-axis milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base is fixedly provided with a first rotating seat, a second rotating seat and a third rotating seat. The first rotating seat and the third rotating seat are fixedly located at the bottom of the mounting base, and the second rotating seat is located above the first rotating seat. The first cutter shaft is rotatably mounted on the first rotating seat and the second rotating seat, and the second cutter shaft is rotatably mounted on the third rotating seat. The second cutter shaft can move vertically relative to the third rotating seat. The first driving mechanism is a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is connected to the top end of the first cutter shaft.

6. The dual-axis milling head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base is provided with a mounting plate on its back. The mounting base is connected to the mounting plate via a longitudinally arranged first lead screw mechanism. The mounting plate is connected to the milling machine table via a transversely arranged second lead screw mechanism.

7. The machining method of the dual-axis milling head according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) The first cutter shaft is driven to rotate by the first drive mechanism, which in turn drives the first milling cutter disk and the second milling cutter disk to rotate. The first milling cutter disk and the second milling cutter disk have a height difference, wherein the lower milling cutter disk rotates and processes the workpiece. (2) The second cutter shaft is driven to move vertically by the second drive mechanism so that the milling cutter disk originally located above is located below the other milling cutter disk, and then the milling cutter disk located below is driven by the first drive mechanism to process the workpiece.

8. The processing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The milling cutter used to process the workpiece in step (1) is the second milling cutter, and the milling cutter used to process the workpiece in step (2) is the first milling cutter.

Images