A method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing

Abstract

A method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing includes the following steps: S1. Install an auxiliary block on the grinding head to determine the deviation of the working wheel's rotation axis relative to the B-axis in the Z direction; S2. Return the B-axis and C-axis of the machine tool to zero, and extend the working wheel mounting rod to position the working wheel in its working state; S3. Use a dial indicator to adjust the end face of the auxiliary block to be parallel to the XY plane of the machine tool, i.e., perpendicular to the Z-axis; S4. Determine the Z-axis deviation ΔZ; S5. Determine the X-axis deviation ΔX of the working wheel center relative to the C-axis; S6. Determine the Y-axis deviation ΔY of the working wheel center relative to the C-axis axis. This method allows for the determination of the working wheel offset parameters under different working wheel models, working wheel mounting rods, and working wheel installation methods. Compensation can then be performed on the machine tool and machining model, ensuring that the working wheel position in the theoretical model closely matches the actual position on the machine tool. This facilitates the adjustment of the blade machining surface and machining range, reduces adjustment time, and significantly improves the polishing quality of the blades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of belt grinding and polishing technology, and relates to CNC belt grinding and polishing of aero-engine blades, particularly to a method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing. Background Technology

[0002] The surface roughness and leading and trailing edge morphology of aero-engine blades significantly affect their intake and exhaust performance, thus greatly influencing engine performance. Polishing removes CNC milling cutter marks from the blades to ensure the surface roughness meets design requirements; therefore, polishing has a crucial impact on blade surface quality.

[0003] CNC belt grinding and polishing has advantages such as stable processing, good surface uniformity of processed blades, and good leading and trailing edge morphology, and has begun to be widely used in the polishing of aero-engine blades.

[0004] In CNC belt grinding and polishing, the rotating abrasive belt driven by the work wheel comes into contact with the surface of the workpiece, thereby grinding and polishing the surface. For example... Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of a certain type of belt grinder head. Theoretically, the center of the working wheel is located at the intersection of the extended lines of the B-axis and C-axis of the machine tool. In actual operation, changes in the working wheel mounting rod, working wheel model, or working wheel installation method can all cause deviations in the working wheel. These deviations manifest as the Z-direction deviation of the working wheel's rotation axis relative to the B-axis, the X-direction deviation of the working wheel center relative to the C-axis, and the Y-direction deviation of the working wheel center relative to the C-axis. The specific deviations are as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown. If the deviation of the working wheel is not found and compensated, the post-processing program performed under the theoretical condition of the machine tool will result in deviation when running on the actual machine tool. At best, it will cause the machined surface to deviate from the theoretical machined surface, making debugging difficult. At worst, it will cause the blade size to exceed the tolerance, the leading and trailing edge morphology to not meet the requirements, and the blade to be scrapped.

[0005] Existing belt grinders use fixed-model working wheels and mounting rods for fixed operation, resulting in zero working wheel deviation. However, in actual processing, to improve efficiency and save costs, it is necessary to select working wheels of different widths and diameters based on the shape characteristics of different blades, and to change the working wheel mounting rods, which leads to deviations between the working wheels and their theoretical positions. Therefore, determining the working wheel deviation of the machine tool is of great significance for improving the polishing quality of belt grinding blades. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to propose a method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing, thereby solving the deviation in the position of the working wheel caused by changing the working wheel model, the working wheel mounting rod, and the installation method in the belt grinding machine.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Install an auxiliary block on the grinding head to determine the deviation of the working wheel's rotation axis relative to the B axis in the Z direction;

[0009] S2. Return the machine tool's B and C axes to zero, extend the work wheel mounting rod, and position the work wheel in the working position.

[0010] S3. Use a dial indicator to adjust the end face of the auxiliary block to be parallel to the XY plane of the machine tool, that is, perpendicular to the Z axis;

[0011] S4. Determine the Z-axis deviation ΔZ;

[0012] S5. Determine the deviation ΔX of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis in the X direction;

[0013] S6. Determine the deviation ΔY of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis axis in the Y direction.

[0014] Preferably, step S4 is specifically implemented as follows:

[0015] S401. Fix the dial indicator in a fixed position on the machine tool, ensuring the dial indicator probe points in the positive Z-axis direction. Operate the machine tool in manual mode until the outer ring of the B-axis rotary bearing contacts the dial indicator, ensuring the contact point lies in a plane parallel to the XY plane and tangent to the outer ring of the B-axis bearing. Record the Z-value of the machine tool coordinate system at this point, denoted here as Z0. B And record the percentage values;

[0016] S402. Continue moving the machine tool until the dial indicator contacts the end face of the auxiliary block, and until the dial indicator reading is consistent with that in step S401. Record the machine tool coordinate value Z at this time, which is denoted as Z1. 块1 Thus, the distance L from the B-axis to the end face of the auxiliary block can be obtained. B块 For Z 块1 –Z B +R B , where R B The radius of the B-axis bearing;

[0017] S403. Change the position of the dial indicator, manually operate the machine tool to move the grinding head until the end face of the auxiliary block contacts the dial indicator, and record the Z value of the machine tool coordinate system at this time, which is denoted as Z here. 块2 And record the percentage values;

[0018] S404. Keeping the dial indicator in the same position, move the machine tool until the outer circle of the dial indicator's working wheel contacts the dial indicator, ensuring that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the XY plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel, and make the dial indicator reading consistent with that in step S403. Record the Z value of the machine tool coordinate system at this time, denoted as Z.轮 The distance L in the Z direction from the axis of rotation of the working wheel to the end face of the auxiliary block is obtained. 轮块 For Z 轮 -R 轮 -Z 块2 , where R 轮 The radius of the working wheel;

[0019] S405. Based on steps S401 to S405, the deviation L of the center of the working wheel relative to the center of the B-axis in the Z direction can be obtained. 轮B For L B块 +L 轮块 L 轮B That is, ΔZ; if L 轮B If the value is positive, the axis of the working wheel will deviate from the axis of the B axis in the positive Z direction; otherwise, it will deviate in the negative Z direction.

[0020] Preferably, step S5 is specifically implemented as follows:

[0021] S501. Fix the dial indicator at a fixed position on the machine tool, make the dial indicator probe point to the positive direction of the Y axis, rotate the C axis to the +90° position, operate the machine tool in manual mode, make one end face of the working wheel contact the dial indicator, record the Y1 value of the machine tool system after contact, and record the dial indicator reading.

[0022] S502. Move the grinding head to a safe position, rotate the C-axis to -90° position, move the machine tool so that the other end face of the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and record the dial indicator reading as consistent with step S501. Record the machine tool system Y2 value after contact.

[0023] S503. With the dial indicator position unchanged, during the process of the C-axis position changing from +90° to -90°, the change in the Y-coordinate value is |Y2-Y1|=|T / 2+ΔX-(T / 2-ΔX)|=2ΔX, where T is the thickness of the working wheel. Therefore, the deviation ΔX=|Y2-Y1| / 2 is obtained. If Y1>Y2, the center of the working wheel deviates from the C-axis axis ΔX in the positive X direction, and vice versa.

[0024] Preferably, step S6 is specifically implemented as follows:

[0025] S601. Fix the dial indicator at a fixed position on the machine tool, so that the dial indicator probe points to the negative direction of the X-axis. Rotate the C-axis to the +90° position. Operate the machine tool in manual mode so that the outer ring of the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and ensure that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the YZ plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel. Record the machine tool system X1 value after contact and record the dial indicator reading.

[0026] S602. Move the grinding head to a safe position, rotate the C-axis to -90°, move the machine tool so that the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and ensure that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the YZ plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel, and make and record the dial indicator reading consistent with step S601, and record the machine tool system X2 value after contact.

[0027] S603. With the dial indicator position unchanged, the change in the X-coordinate value during the C-axis rotation from +90° to -90° is |X2-X1|=|R 轮 +ΔY-(R 轮 -ΔY)|=2ΔY, where R 轮 Let X be the radius of the working wheel. Therefore, the deviation ΔY = |X2 - X1| / 2 is obtained. If X1 > X2, the center of the working wheel will deviate from the C-axis axis ΔY in the positive Y direction, and vice versa.

[0028] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] Existing belt abrasive grinders primarily use fixed-model workwheels and mounting rods in a fixed combination, with the workwheel offset error defaulting to zero. This invention proposes a method for eliminating workwheel offset error in CNC belt abrasive polishing. Under different workwheel models, workwheel mounting rods, and workwheel installation methods, the workwheel offset parameters can be determined, and then compensation can be performed on the machine tool and machining model. This ensures that the workwheel position in the theoretical model closely matches its position on the actual machine tool, facilitating the adjustment of the blade machining surface and machining range, reducing adjustment time, and significantly improving the blade polishing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a grinding head for a certain type of belt grinder.

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the deviation ΔZ of the rotation axis of the working wheel relative to the rotation axis of the B-axis in the Z direction;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the deviations ΔX and ΔY of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis rotation axis in the X and Y directions;

[0034] Figure 4A schematic diagram illustrating the method for determining the deviation ΔZ of the rotation axis of the working wheel relative to the rotation axis of the B-axis in the Z direction;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the method for determining the deviation ΔX of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis axis in the X direction;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the method for determining the deviation ΔY of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis in the Y direction;

[0037] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the input of post-parameters from a belt grinder into the program processing software. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0040] like Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of a grinding head for a certain type of belt grinder. This is not limited to this specific model and can be applied to other belt grinder models. Theoretically, the center of the working wheel is located at the intersection of the B-axis and C-axis of the machine tool. That is, the deviations of the working wheel's rotation axis relative to the B-axis in the Z-direction (ΔZ), the working wheel center relative to the C-axis in the X-direction (ΔX), and the working wheel center relative to the C-axis in the Y-direction (ΔY) are all 0. However, in practice, using different lengths, models, and installation methods of the working wheels will all lead to deviations in the post-parameters of the working wheel, specifically ΔZ, ΔX, and ΔY, as shown below. Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown.

[0041] Combination Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Due to the limiting effect of the Y-axis travel of the belt grinder, an auxiliary block is installed on the grinding head to determine the deviation of the working wheel rotation axis relative to the B-axis in the Z direction.

[0043] S2. Return the machine tool's B and C axes to zero, extend the work wheel mounting rod, and position the work wheel in the working position.

[0044] S3. Use a dial indicator to adjust the end face of the auxiliary block to be parallel to the XY plane of the machine tool, that is, perpendicular to the Z axis;

[0045] S4. Determine the Z-axis deviation ΔZ;

[0046] S5. Determine the deviation ΔX of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis in the X direction;

[0047] S6. Determine the deviation ΔY of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis axis in the Y direction.

[0048] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the specific operation steps of step S4 are as follows:

[0049] S401. Fix the dial indicator in a fixed position on the machine tool, ensuring the dial indicator probe points in the positive Z-axis direction. Operate the machine tool in manual mode until the outer ring of the B-axis rotary bearing contacts the dial indicator, ensuring the contact point lies in a plane parallel to the XY plane and tangent to the outer ring of the B-axis bearing. Record the Z-value of the machine tool coordinate system at this point, denoted here as Z0. B And record the percentage values;

[0050] S402. Continue moving the machine tool until the dial indicator contacts the end face of the auxiliary block, and until the dial indicator reading is consistent with that in step S401. Record the machine tool coordinate value Z at this time, which is denoted as Z1. 块1 Thus, the distance L from the B-axis to the end face of the auxiliary block can be obtained. B块 For Z 块1 –Z B +R B , where R B The radius of the B-axis bearing;

[0051] S403. Change the position of the dial indicator, manually operate the machine tool to move the grinding head until the end face of the auxiliary block contacts the dial indicator, and record the Z value of the machine tool coordinate system at this time, which is denoted as Z here. 块2 And record the percentage values;

[0052] S404. Keeping the dial indicator in the same position, move the machine tool until the outer circle of the dial indicator's working wheel contacts the dial indicator, ensuring that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the XY plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel, and make the dial indicator reading consistent with that in step S403. Record the Z value of the machine tool coordinate system at this time, denoted as Z. 轮 The distance L in the Z direction from the axis of rotation of the working wheel to the end face of the auxiliary block is obtained. 轮块 For Z 轮 -R 轮 -Z 块2 , where R 轮 The radius of the working wheel;

[0053] S405. Based on steps S401 to S405, the deviation L of the center of the working wheel relative to the center of the B-axis in the Z direction can be obtained. 轮B For L B块 +L 轮块 L 轮B That is, ΔZ; if L 轮B If the value is positive, the axis of the working wheel will deviate from the axis of B in the positive Z direction; otherwise, it will deviate in the negative Z direction.

[0054] Combination Figure 5 As shown, step S5 involves the following specific steps:

[0055] S501. Fix the dial indicator at a fixed position on the machine tool, make the dial indicator probe point to the positive direction of the Y axis, rotate the C axis to the +90° position, operate the machine tool in manual mode, make one end face of the working wheel contact the dial indicator, record the Y1 value of the machine tool system after contact, and record the dial indicator reading.

[0056] S502. Move the grinding head to a safe position, rotate the C-axis to -90° position, move the machine tool so that the other end face of the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and record the dial indicator reading as consistent with step S501. Record the machine tool system Y2 value after contact.

[0057] S503. With the dial indicator position unchanged, during the process of the C-axis position changing from +90° to -90°, the change in the Y-coordinate value is |Y2-Y1|=|T / 2+ΔX-(T / 2-ΔX)|=2ΔX, where T is the thickness of the working wheel. Therefore, the deviation ΔX=|Y2-Y1| / 2 is obtained. If Y1>Y2, the center of the working wheel deviates from the C-axis axis ΔX in the positive X direction, and vice versa.

[0058] Combination Figure 6 As shown, step S6 involves the following specific steps:

[0059] S601. Fix the dial indicator at a fixed position on the machine tool, so that the dial indicator probe points to the negative direction of the X-axis. Rotate the C-axis to the +90° position. Operate the machine tool in manual mode so that the outer ring of the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and ensure that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the YZ plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel. Record the machine tool system X1 value after contact and record the dial indicator reading.

[0060] S602. Move the grinding head to a safe position, rotate the C-axis to -90°, move the machine tool so that the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and ensure that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the YZ plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel, and make and record the dial indicator reading consistent with step S601, and record the machine tool system X2 value after contact.

[0061] S603. With the dial indicator position unchanged, the change in the X-coordinate value during the C-axis rotation from +90° to -90° is |X2-X1|=|R 轮 +ΔY-(R 轮 -ΔY)|=2ΔY, where R 轮 Let X be the radius of the working wheel. Therefore, the deviation ΔY = |X2 - X1| / 2 is obtained. If X1 > X2, the center of the working wheel will deviate from the C-axis axis ΔY in the positive Y direction, and vice versa.

[0062] The ΔX, ΔY, and ΔZ determined by the above method are processed to obtain post-processing parameters, which are then input into a system such as... Figure 7 The software program shown makes the position of the working wheel in the model more consistent with the actual position of the machine tool working wheel, and the actual machining effect of the output machining program is more consistent with the machining effect of the theoretical model.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install an auxiliary block on the grinding head to determine the deviation of the working wheel's rotation axis relative to the B axis in the Z direction; S2. Return the machine tool's B and C axes to zero, extend the work wheel mounting rod, and position the work wheel in the working position. S3. Use a dial indicator to adjust the end face of the auxiliary block to be parallel to the XY plane of the machine tool, that is, perpendicular to the Z axis; S4. Determine the Z-axis deviation ΔZ; S5. Determine the deviation ΔX of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis in the X direction; S6. Determine the deviation ΔY of the center of the working wheel relative to the C-axis axis in the Y direction; The specific steps for step S4 are as follows: S401. Fix the dial indicator in a fixed position on the machine tool, ensuring the dial indicator probe points in the positive Z-axis direction. Operate the machine tool in manual mode until the outer ring of the B-axis rotary bearing contacts the dial indicator, ensuring the contact point lies in a plane parallel to the XY plane and tangent to the outer ring of the B-axis bearing. Record the Z-value of the machine tool coordinate system at this point, denoted here as Z0. B And record the percentage values; S402. Continue moving the machine tool until the dial indicator contacts the end face of the auxiliary block, and until the dial indicator reading is consistent with that in step S401. Record the machine tool coordinate value Z at this time, which is denoted as Z1. 块1 Thus, the distance L from the B-axis to the end face of the auxiliary block can be obtained. B块 For Z 块1 –Z B +R B , where R B The radius of the B-axis bearing; S403. Change the position of the dial indicator, manually operate the machine tool to move the grinding head until the end face of the auxiliary block contacts the dial indicator, and record the Z value of the machine tool coordinate system at this time, which is denoted as Z here. 块2 And record the percentage values; S404. Keeping the dial indicator in the same position, move the machine tool until the outer circle of the dial indicator's working wheel contacts the dial indicator, ensuring that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the XY plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel, and make the dial indicator reading consistent with that in step S403. Record the Z value of the machine tool coordinate system at this time, denoted as Z. 轮 The distance L in the Z direction from the axis of rotation of the working wheel to the end face of the auxiliary block is obtained. 轮块 For Z 轮 -R 轮 -Z 块2 , where R 轮 The radius of the working wheel; S405. Based on steps S401 to S405, the deviation L of the center of the working wheel relative to the center of the B-axis in the Z direction can be obtained. 轮B For L B块 +L 轮块 L 轮B That is, ΔZ; if L 轮B If the value is positive, the axis of the working wheel will deviate from the axis of B in the positive Z direction; otherwise, it will deviate in the negative Z direction. The specific steps for step S5 are as follows: S501. Fix the dial indicator at a fixed position on the machine tool, make the dial indicator probe point to the positive direction of the Y axis, rotate the C axis to the +90° position, operate the machine tool in manual mode, make one end face of the working wheel contact the dial indicator, record the Y1 value of the machine tool system after contact, and record the dial indicator reading. S502. Move the grinding head to a safe position, rotate the C-axis to -90° position, move the machine tool so that the other end face of the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and record the dial indicator reading as consistent with step S501. Record the machine tool system Y2 value after contact. S503. With the dial indicator position unchanged, during the process of the C-axis position changing from +90° to -90°, the change in the Y-coordinate value is |Y2-Y1|=|T / 2+ΔX-(T / 2-ΔX)|=2ΔX, where T is the thickness of the working wheel. Therefore, the deviation ΔX=|Y2-Y1| / 2 is obtained. If Y1>Y2, the center of the working wheel deviates from the C-axis axis ΔX in the positive X direction, and vice versa.

2. The method for eliminating the offset error of the working wheel in CNC belt grinding and polishing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for step S6 are as follows: S601. Fix the dial indicator at a fixed position on the machine tool, so that the dial indicator probe points to the negative direction of the X-axis. Rotate the C-axis to the +90° position. Operate the machine tool in manual mode so that the outer ring of the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and ensure that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the YZ plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel. Record the machine tool system X1 value after contact and record the dial indicator reading. S602. Move the grinding head to a safe position, rotate the C-axis to -90°, move the machine tool so that the working wheel contacts the dial indicator, and ensure that the contact point is located in a plane parallel to the YZ plane and tangent to the outer ring of the working wheel, and make and record the dial indicator reading consistent with step S601, and record the machine tool system X2 value after contact. S603. With the dial indicator position unchanged, the change in the X-coordinate value during the C-axis rotation from +90° to -90° is |X2 - X1| = |R 轮 +ΔY-(R 轮 -ΔY)|=2ΔY, where R 轮 Let X be the radius of the working wheel. Therefore, the deviation ΔY = |X2 - X1| / 2 is obtained. If X1 > X2, the center of the working wheel will deviate from the C-axis axis in the positive Y direction by ΔY, and vice versa.

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