A method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal. The existing buildings are above-ground buildings, the internal structures are demolished and the original external walls of historical style are retained; and an underground foundation pit is excavated under the existing buildings to build a basement. The present invention is conducive to ensuring the protection of the original external walls during the construction process through the setting of wall protection frames, and the original holes are used to make the installation of the wall protection frames more stable; through two-stage underpinning, firstly, a support structure is formed by wall beams, pin keys and underpinning beams to ensure the construction of the demolition of the wall protection frames and internal structures; and then through the setting of internal supports, it is conducive to ensuring the safety of the foundation pit support structure and facilitating the subsequent excavation of the basement foundation pit; through the construction of new shear walls and basements, on the one hand, the new shear walls are conducive to bearing the force of the original external walls; on the other hand, the new shear walls are integrated with the new basement external walls and connected as a whole, which can further improve the durability of the original buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of renovation and expansion of existing buildings, and in particular to a method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal. Background Art

[0002] In many cities with a long cultural history, the historical buildings and their cultural value cannot be ignored. However, since they were built in the early days, they usually have small spaces, multiple partition walls, small doors and windows, and most of them have no underground space. Years of use have caused these buildings to have problems such as aging structures, outdated facilities and difficult parking, which do not meet the functional requirements of modern cities. If these buildings are simply preserved, they and the history they carry will soon lose their vitality and be forgotten by the times.

[0003] To ensure that they maintain their historical value and lasting vitality, they are integrated with modern life and develop in sync with the city. How to preserve the original style of these buildings in urban renewal, continue the city's cultural heritage, and how to reasonably develop urban underground resources to meet the needs of future development are important issues and challenges facing urban renewal. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal, which is used to solve technical problems such as protection of the facade walls of buildings with historical features and value, construction of basements, and underpinning construction during the process.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal, wherein the existing buildings are above-ground buildings, the internal structure is demolished and the original external walls of the historical style are retained; and an underground foundation pit is excavated under the existing buildings to build a basement;

[0007] The specific steps are as follows:

[0008] Step 1: Remove the outdoor attached buildings of the existing buildings, manually dig pipelines, and construct guide trenches; carry out protective removal of the non-load-bearing components on the first floor of the existing buildings;

[0009] Step 2: Carry out underpinning pile construction. Before construction, use 3D software to simulate and calculate the force and layout of the underpinning piles. The underpinning piles are divided into outdoor underpinning piles and indoor underpinning piles. The outdoor underpinning piles and indoor underpinning piles are constructed below the existing ground where the existing building is located. The outdoor underpinning piles and indoor underpinning piles are constructed at the same time, and both have the function of underpinning the upper load and serving as retaining soil.

[0010] Step 3: Excavate indoors and outdoors to the designed bottom elevation of the underpinning beam, construct pin keys, wall beams, and underpinning beams, thereby forming the outdoor part of the underpinning system; transfer the upper load to the outdoor underpinning piles and indoor underpinning piles through the wall beams and underpinning beams;

[0011] Step 4: Install a wall protection frame on the outside of the original wall, wherein the middle part of the wall protection frame is reliably connected to the original wall without damage by using a window hole;

[0012] Step 5: After the wall protection frame is installed, the protection work of the existing wall is completed; the indoor structure of the existing building is dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom; the dismantling work is all done by static removal, and the dismantling is done to the indoor ground;

[0013] Step 6: In combination with the top plate and beam design of the new basement, the inner support is set up. The inner support is cast by concrete and forms the indoor part of the underpinning system. The inner support is supported by indoor underpinning piles. When the concrete strength of the inner support reaches the design strength, the underground foundation pit below is excavated.

[0014] Step 7: The earthwork of the underground foundation pit is excavated in sections and layers as required; the original foundation and indoor foundation under the original wall are all removed by static force; anchor rods or supports are set according to design requirements to excavate to the base; a new raft slab, a new basement exterior wall and a new top slab are constructed; the area under the original foundation is backfilled with low-grade concrete in a timely manner as the construction progresses; thus, the force transmission system of the original wall and the new basement structure is converted;

[0015] Step 8. Then carry out sequential construction, including underground structure construction, superstructure construction, setting up new shear walls on the inside of the original walls, restoring the roof and decorating it; finally, restore the external temporary buildings, green space and original appearance.

[0016] Furthermore, there are two wall-clamping beams, which are arranged in parallel and clamped on both sides of the original outer wall; the height of the wall-clamping beam is not less than the height of the replacement beam and the inner support; and the wall-clamping beam is arranged along the entire length of the original outer wall.

[0017] Furthermore, the pin key is a rectangular piece, which is arranged at intervals in the length direction of the original exterior wall and is densely arranged at the transition point of the original exterior wall; a full-length wall clamping beam is arranged at both ends of the length direction of the pin key, and the inner side surface of the wall clamping beam is integrally connected to the roughened part of the original exterior wall.

[0018] Furthermore, the wall protection frame is arranged throughout the original exterior wall height range, and a layer of horizontal support is arranged at the roof elevation; at least one row of outdoor underpinning piles is arranged at the bottom of the wall protection frame; the bottom of the wall protection frame is firmly connected to the underpinning beam through anchor bolts pre-embedded in the underpinning beam, and the underpinning beam is rigidly connected to the outdoor underpinning piles as a whole.

[0019] Furthermore, the wall protection frame comprises frame columns, a first frame beam and a second frame beam vertically connected thereto, and a frame web bar connected between the frame columns and arranged obliquely;

[0020] The first cross beam of the frame is arranged at vertical intervals on the frame columns and is arranged close to the original outer wall, and the second cross beam of the frame is connected and fixed in the original hole of the original outer wall.

[0021] Furthermore, the original foundation at the bottom of the original exterior wall is an extended foundation, and outdoor underpinning piles and indoor underpinning piles are arranged on both sides of the original foundation; the length of the outdoor underpinning piles and the indoor underpinning piles is greater than the depth of the underground foundation pit.

[0022] Furthermore, after the basement is completed, the indoor underpinning piles are removed from the basement floor, leaving the basement floor below the basement floor as underground support piles to support the newly built raft slab and superstructure of the basement.

[0023] Furthermore, the inner support is a mesh support, and a full-length beam is arranged near one side of the original wall, and indoor underpinning piles are arranged under the inner support.

[0024] Furthermore, the newly built shear wall is integrally connected to the newly built basement exterior wall and the inner side surfaces are flush with each other.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0026] 1) The present invention is conducive to ensuring the protection of the original external wall during the construction process by setting up the wall protection frame, and the original holes are used to make the installation of the wall protection frame more stable without damaging the original wall;

[0027] 2) The present invention adopts two-stage underpinning. First, an integral underpinning structure is formed by pin keys, wall clamping beams, underpinning beams and underpinning piles to ensure the construction of wall protection frames and internal structure removal, thus completing the first integral underpinning. The internal support is set to ensure the safety of the foundation pit support structure, which is convenient for the subsequent excavation of the basement foundation pit. Then, through the construction of the new basement outer wall, the original wall is directly placed on the new basement outer wall, thus completing the second integral underpinning.

[0028] 3) The present invention builds new shear walls and basements. On the one hand, the new shear walls are conducive to bearing the force of the original outer wall; on the other hand, the new shear walls and the new basement outer wall are integrated into an integrated design and integrally connected, which can further improve the durability of the original building.

[0029] The present invention is an effective method for developing the underground space of these buildings while repairing and renovating them, which can save money, avoid a large amount of demolition and construction waste disposal costs, and make full use of existing buildings and space resources. This method can not only avoid excessive urban expansion, but also optimize existing land resources. At the same time, it also provides us with an opportunity to improve the internal structure and function of buildings and enhance the overall function of the city without changing the urban structure. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be explained in the subsequent description, and part of them will become obvious from the description, or can be understood through the implementation of the present invention; the main purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the schemes specifically pointed out in the description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an outdoor underpinning pile, an outdoor underpinning pile and a connection structure thereof;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the wall protection frame and its connection structure;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the construction of a new basement structure;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a completed construction drawing of an existing building.

[0034] Figure numbers: 1-original outer wall, 2-original foundation, 3-wall protection frame, 31-frame columns, 32-frame web members, 33-frame first crossbeam, 34-frame second crossbeam, 4-outdoor replacement piles, 5-underground foundation pit, 6-underpinning system, 61-wall beam, 62-pin key, 63-underpinning beam, 64-internal support, 7-indoor replacement piles, 8-existing ground, 9-basement ground, 10-new basement structure, 101-new basement outer wall, 102-new raft, 11-new shear wall, 12-new top plate, 13-underground support piles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Taking the renovation of a historical building in a certain city as an example, the existing building is an above-ground building, the internal structure is demolished and the original outer wall 1 of the historical style is retained; and an underground foundation pit 5 is excavated under the existing building to build a basement.

[0036] Combined with Figures 1 to 4 The method of developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal is further explained as shown in the figure. The specific steps are as follows:

[0037] Step 1: Demolish outdoor attachments of existing buildings, manually dig pipelines, and construct guide trenches; carry out protective demolition of non-load-bearing components on the first floor of existing buildings.

[0038] Step 2: Carry out underpinning pile construction. Before construction, the force and arrangement position of the underpinning piles are simulated and calculated by three-dimensional software. The underpinning piles are divided into outdoor underpinning piles 4 and indoor underpinning piles 7. The outdoor underpinning piles 4 and indoor underpinning piles 7 are constructed below the existing ground 8 where the existing building is located. The outdoor underpinning piles 4 and indoor underpinning piles 7 are constructed at the same time, and both have the function of underpinning the upper load and serving as retaining wall.

[0039] In this embodiment, the original foundation 2 at the bottom of the original exterior wall 1 is an extended foundation, and outdoor underpinning piles 4 and indoor underpinning piles 7 are arranged on both sides of the original foundation 2; the length of the outdoor underpinning piles 4 and the indoor underpinning piles 7 is greater than the depth of the underground foundation pit 5.

[0040] Step 3: Excavate indoors and outdoors to the designed bottom elevation of the underpinning beam 63, construct the pin key 62, the wall beam 61 and the underpinning beam 63, thereby forming the outdoor part of the underpinning system (6); the upper load is transferred to the outdoor underpinning pile 4 through the wall beam 61 and the underpinning beam 63.

[0041] In this embodiment, there are two wall-clamping beams 61, which are arranged in parallel and clamped on both sides of the original outer wall 1; the height of the wall-clamping beam 61 is not less than the height of the underpinning beam 63 and the inner support 64; the wall-clamping beam 61 is arranged along the entire length of the original outer wall 1. The pin keys 62 are rectangular pieces, which are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the original outer wall 1 and are densely arranged at the transition part of the original outer wall 1; the full-length wall-clamping beams 61 are arranged at both ends of the length direction of the pin keys 62, and the inner side surface of the wall-clamping beam 61 is integrally connected with the roughened part of the original outer wall 1.

[0042] The wall protection frame 3 is arranged throughout the height range of the original outer wall 1, and a layer of horizontal support is arranged at the roof elevation; at least one row of outdoor underpinning piles 4 is arranged at the bottom of the wall protection frame 3. The bottom of the wall protection frame 3 is firmly connected to the underpinning beam 63 through anchor bolts pre-buried in the underpinning beam 63, and the underpinning beam 63 is rigidly connected to the outdoor underpinning pile 4 as a whole.

[0043] In this embodiment, the pin key 62 is cast by inserting a hole in the original outer wall 1 below the existing ground 8, with a cross-sectional size of 25cm×80cm, and is arranged at intervals of about 1.7m along the wall. The wall beam 61 is about 25cm wide and 80cm thick. The pin key 62 and the wall beam 61 are conversion components to ensure the transfer of the upper wall load. The underpinning beam 63 is 250cm wide and 80cm thick, and is arranged along the outer wall. The underpinning beam 63 transfers the upper load to the underpinning pile.

[0044] Step 4: Install the wall protection frame 3 on the outside of the original wall, wherein the middle part of the wall protection frame 3 is reliably connected to the original wall without damage by using the window hole.

[0045] In this embodiment, the wall protection frame 3 includes a frame column 31, a first frame beam 33 and a second frame beam 34 vertically connected thereto, and a frame web 32 connected between the frame columns 31 and arranged obliquely; the first frame beam 33 is vertically spaced between the frame columns 31 and is arranged close to the original outer wall 1, and the second frame beam 34 is connected and fixed in the original hole of the original outer wall 1. The wall protection frame 3 is composed of H-shaped steel, channel steel and steel pipe.

[0046] Step 5: After the wall protection frame 3 is installed, the protection work of the existing wall is completed; the indoor structure of the existing building is dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom; the dismantling work is all done by static excision, and the dismantling is done to the indoor floor.

[0047] Step six: In combination with the top plate and beam design of the newly built basement, an internal support 64 is set up. The internal support 64 is cast by concrete and thus forms the indoor part of the underpinning system 6. The bottom of the internal support 64 is supported by indoor underpinning piles 7. When the concrete strength of the internal support 64 reaches the design strength, the underground foundation pit 5 below is excavated.

[0048] In this embodiment, the inner support 64 is a mesh support, and a full-length beam is arranged near one side of the original wall, and an indoor underpinning pile 7 is arranged below the inner support 64 .

[0049] Step 7. The earthwork of the underground foundation pit 5 is excavated in sections and layers as required; the original foundation 2 and indoor foundation under the original wall are all removed statically; anchor rods or supports are additionally set according to design requirements and the excavation continues to the base; a new basement exterior wall 101, a new raft 102 and a new top plate 12 are constructed, and a new shear wall 11 is set inside the original wall; thus, the force transmission system of the original wall and the new basement structure 10 is converted.

[0050] In this embodiment, after the basement is completed, the indoor underpinning piles 7 are removed above the basement floor 9, leaving the basement floor 9 below as underground support piles 13 to support the newly built raft 102 and upper structure of the basement. The thickness of the newly built shear wall 11 is greater than the thickness of the original outer wall 1, and the newly built shear wall 11 is integrally connected with the newly built basement outer wall 101 and the inner side is flush.

[0051] Step 8. Then carry out sequential construction, including underground structure construction, superstructure construction, roof restoration and decoration; the area under the original foundation 2 is backfilled with low-grade concrete in time with the progress of construction; finally, external temporary construction, green space restoration and original appearance restoration are carried out.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that a technician familiar with the technical field can think of within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal, characterized in that: The existing building is an above-ground building, the internal structure is demolished and the original exterior wall (1) of the historical style is retained; and an underground foundation pit (5) is excavated under the existing building to build a basement; The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Remove the outdoor attached buildings of the existing buildings, manually dig pipelines, and construct guide trenches; and carry out protective removal of the non-load-bearing components on the first floor of the existing buildings; Step 2: Perform underpinning pile construction. Before construction, three-dimensional software is used to simulate and calculate the force and arrangement position of the underpinning piles. The underpinning piles are divided into outdoor underpinning piles (4) and indoor underpinning piles (7). The outdoor underpinning piles (4) and indoor underpinning piles (7) are constructed below the existing ground (8) where the existing building is located. The outdoor underpinning piles (4) and indoor underpinning piles (7) are constructed simultaneously, and both have the functions of underpinning the upper load and serving as soil retaining. Step 3: excavate indoors and outdoors to the designed bottom elevation of the underpinning beam (63), construct the pin key (62), the wall beam (61), and the underpinning beam (63), thereby forming the outdoor part of the underpinning system (6); transfer the upper load to the outdoor underpinning pile (4) through the wall beam (61) and the underpinning beam (63); There are two wall-clamping beams (61), which are arranged in parallel and clamped on both sides of the original outer wall (1); the height of the wall-clamping beams (61) is not less than the height of the underpinning beams (63) and the inner supports (64); the wall-clamping beams (61) are arranged along the entire length of the original outer wall (1); The pin keys (62) are rectangular pieces, and are arranged at intervals in the lengthwise direction of the original external wall (1), and are densely arranged at the transition point of the original external wall (1); both ends of the pin keys (62) in the lengthwise direction are provided with full-length wall clamping beams (61), and the inner side surface of the wall clamping beam (61) is integrally connected to the roughened part of the original external wall (1); Step 4: Install a wall protection frame (3) on the outside of the original wall, wherein the middle of the wall protection frame (3) is reliably connected to the original wall without damage by using a window hole; The wall protection frame (3) is arranged throughout the entire length of the height range of the original external wall (1), and a layer of horizontal support is arranged at the roof elevation; at least one row of outdoor underpinning piles (4) is arranged at the bottom of the wall protection frame (3); the bottom of the wall protection frame (3) is firmly connected to the underpinning beam (63) via anchor bolts pre-buried in the underpinning beam (63), and the underpinning beam (63) is rigidly connected to the outdoor underpinning pile (4) as a whole; Step 5: After the wall protection frame (3) is installed, the protection work of the existing wall is completed; the indoor structure of the existing building is dismantled layer by layer from top to bottom; the dismantling work is all done by static excision, and the dismantling is done to the indoor floor; Step 6: In combination with the top plate and beam design of the newly built basement, an inner support (64) is set. The inner support (64) is cast by concrete and forms the indoor part of the underpinning system (6). The inner support (64) is supported by indoor underpinning piles (7). When the concrete strength of the inner support (64) reaches the design strength, the underground foundation pit (5) below is excavated. The inner support (64) is a mesh support, and a full-length beam is arranged near one side of the original wall, and an indoor underpinning pile (7) is arranged below the inner support (64); Step 7: The earthwork of the underground foundation pit (5) is excavated in sections and layers as required; the original foundation (2) under the original wall and the indoor foundation are all removed by static force; anchor rods or supports are set according to design requirements and the excavation continues to the base; a new raft slab (102), a new basement exterior wall (101) and a new top slab (12) are constructed; the area under the original foundation is backfilled with low-grade concrete in a timely manner as the construction progresses; thus, the force transmission system of the original wall and the new basement structure (10) is converted; Step 8: Then carry out construction in sequence, including underground structure construction, upper structure construction, roof restoration and decoration, and set up a new shear wall (11) inside the original wall. The area under the original foundation (2) is backfilled with low-grade concrete in a timely manner as the construction progresses; finally, carry out external temporary construction restoration, green space restoration and original style restoration; The thickness of the newly built shear wall (11) is greater than the thickness of the original exterior wall (1), and the newly built shear wall (11) is integrally connected to the newly built basement exterior wall (101), and the inner side surfaces are flush with each other.

2. A method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The wall protection frame (3) comprises frame columns (31), a first frame crossbeam (33) and a second frame crossbeam (34) vertically connected to the frame columns (31), and a frame web (32) connected between the frame columns (31) and arranged obliquely; The first frame cross beam (33) is arranged at intervals vertically on the frame columns (31) and is arranged close to the original outer wall (1), and the second frame cross beam (34) is inserted and fixed in the original hole of the original outer wall (1).

3. A method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The original foundation (2) at the bottom of the original outer wall (1) is an extended foundation, and outdoor underpinning piles (4) and indoor underpinning piles (7) are arranged on both sides of the original foundation (2); the length of the outdoor underpinning piles (4) and the indoor underpinning piles (7) is greater than the depth of the underground foundation pit (5).

4. A method for developing underground space of existing buildings in urban renewal as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: After the basement is completed, the indoor underpinning piles (7) are removed from the basement floor (9) and the basement floor (9) is left as underground support piles (13) to support the newly built raft slab (102) and upper structure of the basement.

Images