A gas supply and distribution system regional balance analysis and early warning method and device

Abstract

The application provides a gas supply system regional balance analysis and early warning method and device, relates to the conveying technical field of the gas supply system, and comprises the following steps: dividing the gas supply system into different levels according to the pipe network pressure grade and dividing the gas supply system into multiple regions according to the physical structure; a process simulation model is established for the high-pressure and high-pressure pipe network; the change characteristics of the process parameters when the pipe network leaks are obtained according to the process simulation model; the early warning thresholds of the flow monitoring points are respectively set according to the change characteristics; when the process parameters of the detection points exceed the corresponding early warning thresholds, alarm and positioning are performed; for the medium-pressure pipe network, the key nodes are determined, and the medium-pressure pipe network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipe network regions; the pressure acquisition equipment of each medium-pressure pipe network region collects pressure information in real time, and the collected pressure information is compared with the corresponding simulation pressure in correlation; when the correlation coefficient is lower than a threshold value, early warning and positioning are performed. The application uses process simulation, pressure monitoring and flow comparison, and improves the abnormal alarm performance of the gas supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas transmission and distribution system technology, and in particular to a method and device for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, gas transmission and distribution system accidents have occurred frequently, causing significant casualties and property losses. It is urgent to carry out risk prevention and control from both the pipeline network end and the user end to ensure safe production.

[0003] Currently, commonly used methods for detecting leaks in oil and gas pipelines are divided into two categories: external detection and internal detection. External detection includes distributed fiber optic detection and vehicle-mounted handheld detectors, while internal detection includes negative pressure wave method, acoustic method, pressure point analysis method, flow balance method, simulation model method, and internal detection method. The practicality evaluation indicators for oil and gas pipeline leak detection methods generally include sensitivity, real-time performance, false alarm rate, location accuracy, ease of maintenance, cost, and whether continuous detection is possible. Table 1 shows a comparative analysis of the advantages, disadvantages, and application scenarios of the commonly used pipeline leak detection methods.

[0004]

[0005] Comparison shows that the negative pressure wave method and the acoustic wave method have better overall performance. However, the negative pressure wave method is mainly for pressure pipelines. For urban gas pipelines, the internal medium is gas, which makes the leak detection and location technology for gas pipelines unique. Due to the characteristics of gas itself, such as high compressibility, low density, and wide transmission pressure range, the negative pressure wave generated by the leak is not significant relative to the original gas pressure in the pipeline, meaning it cannot be detected by pressure sensors. Therefore, although the negative pressure wave method is widely used in liquid pipelines, it is not suitable for urban gas pipelines. The acoustic wave method can propagate in various media. However, its high-frequency components attenuate relatively quickly during propagation due to their short wavelength and high frequency. For long-distance transmission, the signal may not be detected due to attenuation.

[0006] Currently, gas pipeline leak and third-party damage detection mainly rely on vehicle and manual patrols. While SCADA systems have alarm functions for abnormal process parameters, alarm thresholds are often selected based on design parameters, and their effectiveness in addressing leaks and other abnormal conditions needs improvement. Considering the operational characteristics of the gas pipeline network, data acquisition, and ease of implementation in production management systems, this paper attempts to comprehensively apply flow balance and simulation model methods to effectively narrow down the leak location range, providing targeted guidance for rapid response and effective handling during manual inspections. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method and device for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems. Targeting the operational characteristics of gas pipeline networks, it addresses both the pipeline network end and the user end, comprehensively utilizing process simulation, pressure monitoring, and flow comparison to establish an effective method and device for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems. This enables the prevention and control of leakage risks at the pipeline network end and the prevention and control of abnormal gas consumption risks at the user end.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for regional balance analysis and early warning of a gas transmission and distribution system, comprising:

[0009] The gas transmission and distribution system is divided into different levels according to the pipeline pressure level and into multiple areas according to the physical structure.

[0010] For high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks, each high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area is composed of two adjacent pressure regulating stations / cabinets and intermediate pipe sections, and a process simulation model is established.

[0011] The process simulation model is used to obtain the characteristics of process parameter changes when a gas transmission and distribution system pipeline leaks;

[0012] Based on the different characteristics of process parameter changes at flow monitoring points when leaks occur at different locations in the pipeline network, separate early warning thresholds for process parameter fluctuation detection are set for each flow monitoring point.

[0013] Each flow monitoring point monitors the flow at each location in the pipeline network in real time. When the process parameters of the monitoring point fluctuate beyond the corresponding warning threshold, an alarm is triggered. Based on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area where the monitoring point is located, the leak point is located between two pressure regulating stations / cabinets.

[0014] For medium-pressure pipeline networks, key nodes are identified within the network, and the network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipeline regions based on these key nodes. Pressure acquisition devices are then added to each medium-pressure pipeline region.

[0015] Pressure acquisition devices in each medium-pressure pipeline area collect pressure information in real time and compare it with the corresponding simulated pressure. When the correlation coefficient is lower than the threshold, an early warning is issued, indicating that there is a leak in the medium-pressure pipeline area.

[0016] The two nodes with the lowest correlation coefficient in the medium-pressure pipeline network area are selected, and the leak point is located between the two nodes.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines are divided into the first level, medium-pressure pipelines into the second level, and large users into the third level.

[0018] Based on the hierarchical division, the different levels of the pipeline network are divided into regions according to the physical structure as the main principle.

[0019] As a further improvement to the present invention, the different levels of the pipeline network are divided into regions based on the physical structure as the main principle, including:

[0020] The pressure regulating stations and pressure regulating cabinets are traversed along the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines in the gas transmission and distribution system. At the pipeline branch point, the area before the branch point is regarded as n high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network areas, and the area after the branch point is regarded as m high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network areas, until all pressure regulating stations and pressure regulating cabinets on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines have been traversed.

[0021] All regions are sorted to eliminate duplicate names and duplicate regions caused by circular structures. Ultimately, each region consists of two adjacent voltage regulating stations, voltage regulating stations and voltage regulating cabinets, or voltage regulating cabinets and voltage regulating cabinets.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, when there is a medium-pressure pipeline network after the pressure regulating station or pressure regulating cabinet, the medium-pressure pipeline network is regarded as a medium-pressure pipeline network area. If multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas are connected, the multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas are regarded as a medium-pressure pipeline network area.

[0023] As a further improvement to the present invention, a process simulation model is established, including:

[0024] Based on the GIS map of the pipeline network and the collection of various data in the pipeline network, the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, energy conservation equation and boundary values ​​of process parameters of each node in the pipeline network are combined to establish a process simulation model. The nodes include gate stations, pressure regulating stations, pressure regulating cabinets and users.

[0025] Adjust the gas transmission efficiency of the pipeline in the simulation model to calibrate the simulation model so that the actual results of the process parameters collected by the data acquisition equipment installed at various points in the pipeline network are consistent with the simulation results.

[0026] As a further improvement to the present invention, the simulation model is calibrated, including:

[0027] Multiple process parameters, including pressure, flow rate, and temperature, need to be monitored at locations in the pipeline network where pressure levels change. These pressure level changes include high pressure becoming sub-high pressure and sub-high pressure becoming medium pressure.

[0028] As a further improvement to the present invention, during the simulation model calibration process, the process parameters of the node equipment in the gas transmission and distribution system are remotely transmitted, including:

[0029] When the sub-high pressure becomes a medium-pressure direct user, the user's process parameters are directly collected and uploaded to the gas transmission and distribution system;

[0030] When the secondary high voltage is adjusted to medium voltage only through the voltage regulator cabinet and not connected to the user, the process parameters of the voltage regulator cabinet need to be collected and uploaded.

[0031] As a further improvement of the present invention, flow monitoring points are added to the medium-pressure pipeline network area, and the flow monitoring points and the pressure monitoring points are modified to transmit process parameters remotely, so that the collected data is uploaded to the gas transmission and distribution system.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, key nodes are identified in the medium-pressure pipeline network, and the medium-pressure pipeline network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipeline network regions based on each key node, including:

[0033] Based on graph theory, all equipment connecting pipelines in the medium-pressure pipeline network is taken as vertices of the graph. The large-scale graph vertex cover incremental algorithm is used to maximize the area of ​​the graph covered by the lines associated with all vertices and obtain the key nodes.

[0034] The present invention also provides a regional balance analysis and early warning device for a gas transmission and distribution system, comprising: a regional division module, a process simulation model establishment and application module, and an early warning and positioning module;

[0035] The region division module is used for:

[0036] The gas transmission and distribution system is divided into different levels according to the pipeline pressure level and into multiple areas according to the physical structure.

[0037] For medium-pressure pipeline networks, key nodes are identified within the medium-pressure pipeline network, and the medium-pressure pipeline network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas based on each key node;

[0038] The process simulation model establishment and application module is used for

[0039] For high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks, each high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area is composed of two adjacent pressure regulating stations / cabinets and intermediate pipe sections, and a process simulation model is established.

[0040] The process simulation model is used to obtain the characteristics of process parameter changes when a gas transmission and distribution system pipeline leaks;

[0041] The early warning and positioning module is used for:

[0042] Based on the characteristics of process parameter changes at different locations in the pipeline network when leaks occur, process parameter fluctuation detection and early warning thresholds are set for each flow monitoring point. Each flow monitoring point monitors the flow at each location in the pipeline network in real time. When the process parameter fluctuation at the flow monitoring point exceeds the corresponding early warning threshold, an alarm is triggered. Based on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area where the monitoring point is located, the leak point is located between two pressure regulating stations / cabinets.

[0043] Pressure acquisition devices in each medium-pressure pipeline area collect pressure information in real time and compare it with the corresponding simulated pressure. When the correlation coefficient is lower than the threshold, an early warning is issued, indicating that there is a leak in the medium-pressure pipeline area. The two nodes with the smallest correlation coefficient in the medium-pressure pipeline area are selected, and the leak point is located between the two nodes.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0045] This invention addresses both the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure gas pipelines at the pipeline end and the medium-pressure gas pipelines at the user end. By comprehensively utilizing process simulation, pressure monitoring, and flow comparison, it establishes an effective method and device for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems. This enables the prevention and control of leakage risks at the pipeline end and abnormal gas consumption risks at the user end. Compared with existing vehicle-based and manual gas pipeline leakage detection methods, this invention achieves faster leakage response and handling, more effectively narrows the leakage location range, and plays a better role in preventing and controlling abnormal risks caused by gas leaks.

[0046] This invention establishes a process simulation model, obtains the process parameter characteristics when a pipeline leaks based on the simulation model, and sets alarm thresholds for flow monitoring points, thereby enabling more accurate identification of leaks and improving the abnormal alarm performance of the gas transmission and distribution system. The flow balance method effectively narrows the range for locating leaks in the pipeline. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a regional balance analysis and early warning method for a gas transmission and distribution system disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an urban gas pipeline network disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical flow balance analysis disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the results of determining key nodes in a medium-pressure pipeline network using a graph theory method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a regional balance analysis and early warning method for a gas transmission and distribution system, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1. Divide the gas transmission and distribution system into different levels according to the pipeline pressure level and into multiple areas according to the physical structure;

[0055] in,

[0056] Obtain the number of gate stations, pressure regulating stations, pressure regulating cabinets / boxes, and users in the gas transmission and distribution system, as well as the number of stations with remote transmission capabilities and the types of remote transmission process parameters. If the gas transmission and distribution system does not have high-pressure / secondary high-pressure pipelines, directly divide it into medium-pressure pipelines; if it includes both high-pressure / secondary high-pressure pipelines and medium-pressure pipelines, classify them according to pressure level as the primary principle.

[0057] High-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines are classified into the first level, medium-pressure pipelines into the second level, and large users into the third level.

[0058] Based on the hierarchical division, the different levels of the pipeline network are divided into regions according to the physical structure as the main principle.

[0059] Furthermore, the pipeline network at different levels is divided into regions based primarily on its physical structure, including:

[0060] For the first level, starting from the gate station, the pressure regulating stations and pressure regulating cabinets are traversed along the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines in the gas transmission and distribution system. At the pipeline branch point, the area before the branch point is regarded as n high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network areas, and the area after the branch point is regarded as m high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network areas (n in and m out). This process is repeated until all pressure regulating stations and pressure regulating cabinets on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines have been traversed.

[0061] All regions are sorted to eliminate duplicate names and duplicate regions caused by circular structures. Ultimately, each region consists of two adjacent voltage regulating stations, voltage regulating stations and voltage regulating cabinets, or voltage regulating cabinets and voltage regulating cabinets.

[0062] Furthermore,

[0063] When a medium-pressure pipeline network is located after a pressure regulating station or pressure regulating cabinet, the medium-pressure pipeline network is considered as a medium-pressure pipeline network area. If multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas are interconnected, then the multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas are considered as a single medium-pressure pipeline network area.

[0064] S2. For high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks, each high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area is composed of two adjacent pressure regulating stations / cabinets and intermediate pipe sections, and a process simulation model is established.

[0065] The establishment of a process simulation model includes:

[0066] Based on the GIS map of the pipeline network and the collection of various data in the pipeline network, the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, energy conservation equation and boundary values ​​of process parameters of each node in the pipeline network are combined to establish a process simulation model. The nodes include gate stations, pressure regulating stations, pressure regulating cabinets and users.

[0067] The gas transmission efficiency of the pipeline in the simulation model was adjusted to calibrate the model, ensuring that the actual results of the process parameters collected by the data acquisition equipment installed at various points in the pipeline network were consistent with the simulation results, thus proving that the simulation model was accurate and usable.

[0068] Furthermore, the simulation model is calibrated, including:

[0069] Multiple process parameters, including pressure, flow rate, and temperature, need to be monitored at locations in the pipeline network where pressure levels change. These pressure level changes include high pressure becoming sub-high pressure and sub-high pressure becoming medium pressure.

[0070] Furthermore, during the simulation model calibration process, the process parameters of the gas transmission and distribution system's node equipment are remotely transmitted, including:

[0071] When the sub-high pressure becomes a medium-pressure direct user, the user's process parameters are directly collected and uploaded to the gas transmission and distribution system;

[0072] When the secondary high voltage is adjusted to medium voltage only through the voltage regulator cabinet and not connected to the user, the process parameters of the voltage regulator cabinet need to be collected and uploaded.

[0073] S3. Obtain the characteristics of process parameter changes when a gas transmission and distribution system pipeline leaks, based on the process simulation model;

[0074] in,

[0075] The application of the corrected high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network simulation model can be used to perform a large number of simulation calculations, summarize its operating laws, such as normal characteristics, dynamic characteristics, temperature characteristics, etc., and in particular, summarize the characteristics of process parameter changes when leakage occurs.

[0076] S4. Based on the change characteristics of process parameters at the corresponding flow monitoring points when leaks occur at different locations in the pipeline network, set the early warning threshold for process parameter fluctuation detection at each flow monitoring point.

[0077] S5. Each flow monitoring point monitors the flow at each location in the pipeline network in real time. When the process parameters of the monitoring point fluctuate beyond the corresponding warning threshold, an alarm is triggered. Based on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area where the monitoring point is located, the leak point is located between two pressure regulating stations / cabinets.

[0078] in,

[0079] Based on the division of the high-level pipeline network area in S2 into any two adjacent pressure regulating stations, or pressure regulating stations and pressure regulating cabinets, or pressure regulating cabinets and pressure regulating cabinets, the location of leakage in the high-level pipeline network can be determined between any two pressure regulating stations or pressure regulating cabinets.

[0080] S6. For medium-pressure pipelines, identify key nodes in the medium-pressure pipeline network, divide the medium-pressure pipeline network into multiple medium-pressure pipeline areas based on each key node, and add pressure acquisition equipment to each medium-pressure pipeline area.

[0081] in,

[0082] The acquisition of process parameters for the second-level medium-pressure pipeline network is almost non-existent. In order to realize the regional balance analysis and early warning of this pipeline network, in addition to making necessary remote parameter modifications for users, it is also necessary to add flow monitoring points in the medium-pressure pipeline network in order to achieve multi-level, gridded metering balance analysis.

[0083] Increase flow monitoring points in medium-pressure pipeline areas, and upgrade both flow and pressure monitoring points to remote transmission of process parameters, so that the collected data can be uploaded to the gas transmission and distribution system.

[0084] Furthermore,

[0085] Based on graph theory, all equipment connecting pipelines in the medium-pressure pipeline network is considered as vertices of the graph. A large-scale graph vertex cover incremental algorithm is used to maximize the area of ​​the graph covered by lines associated with all vertices, and the minimum vertex is obtained, thus identifying the key node. The formula is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] Based on key nodes, formulate hardware transformation principles, increase pressure and flow acquisition equipment, ensure data acquisition conditions for medium-pressure pipeline networks, and improve the timeliness and accuracy of flow balance analysis.

[0088] S7. Pressure acquisition equipment in each medium-pressure pipeline area collects pressure information in real time and compares it with the corresponding simulated pressure. When the correlation coefficient is lower than the threshold, an early warning is issued, indicating that there is a leak in the medium-pressure pipeline area.

[0089] in,

[0090] By comparing the correlation between the collected pressure and the simulated pressure, it can be seen from the characteristics of the leakage condition that there is a pressure drop depression in the pipeline network when the leakage occurs. The correlation of the pressure data is used to determine whether there is a pressure drop depression in the entire pipeline network. When the correlation coefficient r is lower than the threshold, it indicates that there is a leakage in the network.

[0091] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the correlation coefficient r is:

[0092]

[0093] S8. Select the two nodes with the smallest correlation coefficient in the medium-pressure pipeline area and locate the leak point between the two nodes.

[0094] in,

[0095] Initially determine whether a leak has occurred in the pressure depression area. If not, then search for the leaking pipe section and conduct a two-way test to determine the only leaking pipe section. Use the pressure drop ΔP per unit time of the node as a necessary condition for determining the leaking pipe section, and take the two nodes with the smallest correlation coefficient, i.e. the two ends of the leak, as a sufficient condition.

[0096] The timeliness and accuracy of S6 to S8 for balance analysis and early warning of various areas of the second-level medium-pressure pipeline network are significantly improved.

[0097] The present invention also provides a regional balance analysis and early warning device for a gas transmission and distribution system, comprising: a regional division module, a process simulation model establishment and application module, and an early warning and positioning module;

[0098] The region division module is used for:

[0099] The gas transmission and distribution system is divided into different levels according to the pipeline pressure level and into multiple areas according to the physical structure.

[0100] For medium-pressure pipelines, key nodes are identified within the medium-pressure pipeline network, and the medium-pressure pipeline network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipeline regions based on each key node.

[0101] The process simulation model establishment and application module is used for

[0102] For high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks, each high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area is composed of two adjacent pressure regulating stations / cabinets and intermediate pipe sections, and a process simulation model is established.

[0103] The characteristics of process parameter changes when a gas transmission and distribution system pipeline leaks are obtained based on the process simulation model.

[0104] The early warning and positioning module is used for:

[0105] Based on the characteristics of process parameter changes at different locations in the pipeline network when leaks occur, process parameter fluctuation detection and early warning thresholds are set for each flow monitoring point. Each flow monitoring point monitors the flow at each location in the pipeline network in real time. When the process parameter fluctuation at the flow monitoring point exceeds the corresponding early warning threshold, an alarm is triggered. Based on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area where the monitoring point is located, the leak point is located between two pressure regulating stations / cabinets.

[0106] Pressure acquisition devices in each medium-pressure pipeline area collect pressure information in real time and compare it with the corresponding simulated pressure. When the correlation coefficient is lower than the threshold, an early warning is issued, indicating that there is a leak in the medium-pressure pipeline area. The two nodes with the smallest correlation coefficient in the medium-pressure pipeline area are selected, and the leak point is located between the two nodes.

[0107] Example:

[0108] Assume the gas pipeline network structure of a certain town is as follows: Figure 2 As shown:

[0109] Step 1: Based on the branch company's pipeline network structure diagram, divide the network into three layers and four areas: "Gate Station - Pressure Regulating Station - User". The flow balance analysis of "Gate Station - Pressure Regulating Station" aims to achieve the following: Small Zhouyi = Majuqiao Gate Station + Xiexin Pressure Regulating Station + 2-1 Area Pressure Regulating Station + Liming Pressure Regulating Box (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (As shown).

[0110] Step 2: In order to correct the accuracy of the high-pressure pipeline network simulation model, it is necessary to carry out remote transmission modification of 33 pressure regulating cabinets in the pipeline network (1 high-pressure to sub-high-pressure, 32 sub-high-pressure to medium-pressure). According to the modification principle, there are five cases, and the modification priority is gradually reduced. (1) 2-1 pressure regulating station, modify the remote transmission of pressure, flow and temperature; (2) 10 units modified with user end, modify the remote transmission of pressure and temperature; (3) Loop, 8 units, add remote transmission of flow, pressure and temperature; (4) Area, 2 units, add remote transmission of flow, pressure and temperature; (5) Other, 12 units, add remote transmission of flow, pressure and temperature, as shown in the table below:

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] The results of the leakage working pressure change trend analysis are obtained by applying the corrected process simulation model, and a reasonable alarm threshold can be set accordingly.

[0114] Step 3: The user information in the example is as follows: Industrial users: 39; Heating users: 155; Public and commercial service users: 234; Others: 2, Total: 430. Gas consumption data for 2021 is shown in the table below:

[0115] Serial Number Username Gas consumption in 2021 percentage Remark 1 GCL Power Plant 187499061 50.41928 SCADA has been transmitted 2 Mercedes-Benz 24390964 6.558831 3 Pioneer Heat Power No. 5 25869495 6.956415 4 Tiantan Biological Products 21009823 5.649629 5 Pioneer Heat Power No. 2 19610483 5.27334 6 Pioneer Heat Power No. 3 15659568 4.210923 7 Anran Xingda 14882638 4.002003 SCADA has been notified. 8 Mercedes-Benz heating boiler 6708865 1.804042 9 Hua Mingzhenyu 4972795 1.337205 10 Warm Home 3478065 0.935266 11 Green bamboo 2790645 0.750416 12 Tongyizhong 2559508 0.688262 13 Luhaiyuan Area 1, 2, and 3 2306986 0.620358 14 Youth Apartment 1970208 0.529797 15 Kanglong Cultural City 1723552 0.46347 total 90.19923

[0116] According to the 2021 gas consumption data, the top 15 users accounted for 90% of the total non-residential gas consumption. Among them, the flow data of GCL Power Plant and Anran Xingda have been entered into SCADA. According to the user transformation principle, after the flow remote transmission transformation of the remaining 13 users is completed, 90% of the non-residential gas consumption can be monitored. The rest will be replaced by historical data, waiting for the IoT meter transformation.

[0117] Step 4: Implementing graphical methods for adding flow and pressure monitoring points to medium-pressure pipeline networks, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, a large-scale graph vertex coverage incremental algorithm is applied to identify 10 key modification nodes. The example network is then divided into 8 regions. Based on balance analysis and early warning in each region, balance analysis and early warning for the entire region are achieved. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0118] Q Node1 =Q Node2 +Q Node3

[0119] =Q 区域4 +Q Node4 +Q Node3

[0120] =Q 区域4 +Q 区域3 +Q Node5 +Q Node3

[0121] =Q 区域4 +Q 区域3 +Q 区域2 +Q Node6 +Q Node3

[0122] =Q 区域4 +Q 区域3 +Q 区域2 +Q 区域1 +Q Node3

[0123] =Q 区域4 +Q 区域3 +Q 区域2 +Q 区域1 +Q Node3

[0124] =Q 区域4 +Q 区域3 +Q 区域2 +Q 区1 +Q 区域5 +Q 区域6 +Q Node7

[0125] =Q 区域4 +Q 区域3 +Q 区域2 +Q 区域1 +Q 区域5 +Q 区域6 +Q Node8 +Q Node9

[0126] =Q 区域4 +Q 区3 +Q 区域2+Q 区域1 +Q 区域5 +Q 区域6 +Q 区域8 +Q 区域7

[0127] Advantages of this invention:

[0128] The flow balance method and simulation model method of this invention belong to the process parameter analysis method. Their advantages include being based on existing on-site process parameter data collection, requiring minimal hardware modifications, and having lower costs and maintenance. Furthermore, due to the stable operation of high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines and the good existing data foundation, the identification of abnormal operating conditions is relatively certain, and the leakage location range can be narrowed down to the pressure regulating cabinet room with pressure monitoring.

[0129] This invention, based on the modification of process parameter acquisition, gradually realizes real-time pressure monitoring of high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks and three-level, multi-regional transmission and distribution balance analysis of the entire pipeline network. By setting monitoring areas according to pressure and risk levels, the location of leaks in high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks is narrowed down to the pressure regulating cabinet room; unbalanced areas within medium- and low-pressure pipeline networks can be quickly located, providing targeted guidance for manual inspections in leaking or stolen areas; and the accuracy and timeliness of flow balance analysis are significantly improved.

[0130] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for regional balance analysis and early warning of a gas transmission and distribution system, characterized in that, include: The gas transmission and distribution system is divided into different levels according to the pipeline pressure level and into multiple areas according to the physical structure. For high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks, a process simulation model is established for each high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline area, consisting of two adjacent pressure regulating stations / cabinets and intermediate pipe sections. Based on the pipeline network GIS map and the collected data, the mass conservation equations, momentum conservation equations, energy conservation equations, and boundary values ​​of process parameters for each node in the pipeline network are established to create a process simulation model. Nodes include gate stations, pressure regulating stations, pressure regulating cabinets, and users. The pipeline gas transmission efficiency in the process simulation model is adjusted to calibrate the model, ensuring that the actual results of the process parameters collected by the data acquisition equipment installed at various points in the pipeline network are consistent with the simulation results. The process simulation model is used to obtain the characteristics of process parameter changes when a gas transmission and distribution system pipeline leaks; Based on the characteristics of the changes in process parameters at the corresponding flow monitoring points when leaks occur at different locations in the pipeline network, separate early warning thresholds for process parameter fluctuation detection are set for each flow monitoring point. Each flow monitoring point monitors the flow at each location in the pipeline network in real time. When the process parameters of the monitoring point fluctuate beyond the corresponding warning threshold, an alarm is triggered. Based on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area where the monitoring point is located, the leak point is located between two pressure regulating stations / cabinets. For medium-pressure pipeline networks, key nodes are identified within the network, and the network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipeline regions based on these key nodes. Pressure acquisition devices are then added to each medium-pressure pipeline region. Pressure acquisition devices in each medium-pressure pipeline area collect pressure information in real time and compare it with the corresponding simulated pressure. When the correlation coefficient is lower than the threshold, an early warning is issued, indicating that there is a leak in the medium-pressure pipeline area. The two nodes with the lowest correlation coefficient in the medium-pressure pipeline network area are selected, and the leak point is located between the two nodes.

2. The method for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: High-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines are classified into the first level, medium-pressure pipelines into the second level, and large users into the third level. Based on the hierarchical division, the different levels of the pipeline network are divided into regions according to the physical structure as the main principle.

3. The method for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipeline network is divided into different levels based primarily on its physical structure, including: The pressure regulating stations and pressure regulating cabinets are traversed along the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines in the gas transmission and distribution system. At the pipeline branch point, the area before the branch point is regarded as n high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network areas, and the area after the branch point is regarded as m high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network areas, until all pressure regulating stations and pressure regulating cabinets on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipelines have been traversed. All regions are sorted to eliminate duplicate names and duplicate regions caused by circular structures. Ultimately, each region consists of two adjacent voltage regulating stations, voltage regulating stations and voltage regulating cabinets, or voltage regulating cabinets and voltage regulating cabinets.

4. The method for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems according to claim 3, characterized in that: When a medium-pressure pipeline network is located after a pressure regulating station or pressure regulating cabinet, the medium-pressure pipeline network is considered as a medium-pressure pipeline network area. If multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas are interconnected, then the multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas are considered as a single medium-pressure pipeline network area.

5. The method for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process simulation model is calibrated, including: Multiple process parameters, including pressure, flow rate, and temperature, need to be monitored at locations in the pipeline network where pressure levels change. These pressure level changes include high pressure becoming sub-high pressure and sub-high pressure becoming medium pressure.

6. The method for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process simulation model calibration process, the gas transmission and distribution system undergoes remote transmission modification of node equipment process parameters, including: When the sub-high pressure becomes a medium-pressure direct user, the user's process parameters are directly collected and uploaded to the gas transmission and distribution system; When the secondary high voltage is adjusted to medium voltage only through the voltage regulator cabinet and not connected to the user, the process parameters of the voltage regulator cabinet need to be collected and uploaded.

7. The method for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: Increase flow monitoring points in medium-pressure pipeline areas, and upgrade both flow and pressure monitoring points to remote transmission of process parameters, so that the collected data can be uploaded to the gas transmission and distribution system.

8. The method for regional balance analysis and early warning of gas transmission and distribution systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: Key nodes are identified in the medium-pressure pipeline network, and the network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipeline regions based on these key nodes, including: Based on graph theory, all equipment connecting pipelines in the medium-pressure pipeline network is taken as vertices of the graph. The large-scale graph vertex cover incremental algorithm is used to maximize the area of ​​the graph covered by the lines associated with all vertices and obtain the key nodes.

9. An apparatus for implementing the regional balance analysis and early warning method for a gas transmission and distribution system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: The module includes a region division module, a process simulation model establishment and application module, and an early warning and positioning module. The region division module is used for: The gas transmission and distribution system is divided into different levels according to the pipeline pressure level and into multiple areas according to the physical structure. For medium-pressure pipeline networks, key nodes are identified within the medium-pressure pipeline network, and the medium-pressure pipeline network is divided into multiple medium-pressure pipeline network areas based on each key node; The process simulation model establishment and application module is used for For high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline networks, each high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area is composed of two adjacent pressure regulating stations / cabinets and intermediate pipe sections, and a process simulation model is established. The process simulation model is used to obtain the characteristics of process parameter changes when a gas transmission and distribution system pipeline leaks; The early warning and positioning module is used for: Based on the characteristics of the changes in process parameters at the corresponding flow monitoring points when leaks occur at different locations in the pipeline network, separate early warning thresholds for process parameter fluctuation detection are set for each flow monitoring point. Each flow monitoring point monitors the flow at each location in the pipeline network in real time. When the process parameters of the flow monitoring point fluctuate beyond the corresponding warning threshold, an alarm is triggered. Based on the high-pressure and sub-high-pressure pipeline network area where the monitoring point is located, the leak point is located between two pressure regulating stations / cabinets. Pressure acquisition devices in each medium-pressure pipeline area collect pressure information in real time and compare it with the corresponding simulated pressure. When the correlation coefficient is lower than the threshold, an early warning is issued, indicating that there is a leak in the medium-pressure pipeline area. The two nodes with the smallest correlation coefficient in the medium-pressure pipeline area are selected, and the leak point is located between the two nodes.

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