A method for constructing supported catalytic materials based on laser ablation technology and application thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a supported catalytic material based on a laser ablation technology and application thereof. The method is to treat a suspension liquid containing a catalytic active component and a carrier material or a suspension liquid containing raw materials for preparing the catalytic active component and the carrier material by a liquid-phase laser ablation technology, and to load the catalytic active component on the carrier material by pulse laser irradiation to obtain the supported catalytic material. The supported micro-nano catalytic material prepared based on the technology is a composite micro-nano structure functional material formed by loading a catalytic active component on a non-catalytic active carrier material, and belongs to a multifunctional supported composite catalyst, which has a good overpotential under alkaline and acidic conditions, has a catalytic performance comparable to a platinum-based catalyst, and can be applied in an electrochemical field or an electrocatalysis field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a supported catalytic material based on a laser ablation technique and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of electrocatalysis, the best and commercially applicable catalytic material is currently platinum metal or platinum-based material. Platinum metal or platinum-based catalytic material can greatly reduce the overpotential of catalytic reaction and increase the energy conversion efficiency in the catalytic process. However, platinum-based material has been limited by the problems of high price and low reserves of platinum resources for a long time. Therefore, most researchers now increase the specific surface area of platinum-based material or disperse platinum-based noble metal on a non-noble metal material (such as carbon-based material) carrier as much as possible to increase the activity of noble metal catalytic sites in the catalytic material, thereby reducing the use amount of platinum-based noble metal in the catalytic material.

[0003] In addition, some researchers are also committed to finding non-noble metal-based catalysts with excellent performance or alloying noble metals with other transition metals or metal compounds to make them a cheap substitute for platinum-based material, and then combining them with a catalyst carrier to form a complete catalytic material. Phosphorus and sulfur-based materials are low in price and have certain electrocatalytic activity, and have become an important exploration direction in the field of catalytic research. At present, many related works have been successful. However, there are few reports on phosphorus and sulfur-based composite metal catalytic materials containing platinum group material active components or non-noble metal active components, or other catalyst active components. As we all know, the catalyst carrier plays a multi-faceted role in the catalytic reaction, including providing an active surface, stabilizing the catalyst, adjusting the reaction conditions, improving the dispersibility and selectivity, etc. By selecting and designing a suitable carrier and loading the catalyst active component on the carrier, the performance of the catalyst can be optimized, the reaction efficiency and product selectivity can be improved, and the development of the field of catalytic science and industry can be promoted. Therefore, dispersing a certain catalytic active component (such as a phosphorus and sulfur-based alloy catalyst) on a non-noble metal material (such as a carbon-based material) carrier as much as possible can effectively increase the active area of the catalytic sites in the catalytic material and simultaneously reduce the use amount of noble metal per unit mass of the catalytic material. Therefore, developing a widely applicable and excellent supported catalytic material preparation technology will have good industrial application prospects. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the primary purpose of the present application is to provide a method for constructing a supported catalytic material based on a laser ablation technique.

[0005] Another purpose of the present application is to provide a supported catalytic material prepared by the above method.

[0006] Still another object of the present application is to provide an application of the supported catalytic material.

[0007] The object of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0008] The method for constructing a supported catalytic material based on a laser ablation technique comprises the following steps: (A) adding a phosphorus-sulfur crystal as a mother material and a noble metal powder into a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, mixing uniformly, and then processing by a laser liquid phase ablation technique to obtain a phosphorus-sulfur alloy state micro-nano particle solution by pulse laser irradiation; (B) adding a carrier into the phosphorus-sulfur alloy state micro-nano particle solution, and continuing to perform pulse laser irradiation to load the catalytic active component on the carrier to obtain the supported catalytic material.

[0009] Preferably, the carrier comprises porous carbon, graphene or MXene Ti3C2, etc.

[0010] Preferably, when the pulse laser irradiation is performed: the energy of the pulse laser is 100-500 mJ, the frequency is 1-50 Hz, and the action time is 1-10 h; a 532 nm YAG laser and a 532 nm total reflection mirror or a 355 nm YAG laser and a 355 nm total reflection mirror are used; and the liquid is made to rotate by stirring or by rotating the container.

[0011] Preferably, the catalytic active component can be a transition metal, a noble metal or a metal compound; and the catalytic active component is a spherical micro-nano particle or a dendritic nano material.

[0012] More preferably, the catalytic active component is a spherical micro-nano particle or a dendritic nano material prepared by taking a phosphorus-sulfur crystal as a mother material and a noble metal.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method for constructing a supported catalytic material based on a laser ablation technique comprises the following steps: (A) adding a phosphorus-sulfur crystal as a mother material and a noble metal powder into a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, mixing uniformly, and then processing by a laser liquid phase ablation technique to obtain a phosphorus-sulfur alloy state micro-nano particle solution by pulse laser irradiation; (B) adding a carrier into the phosphorus-sulfur alloy state micro-nano particle solution, and continuing to perform pulse laser irradiation to load the catalytic active component on the carrier to obtain the supported catalytic material.

[0014] As another preferred embodiment of the present application, the method for constructing a supported catalytic material based on laser ablation technology comprises the following steps: (a) adding a support material into a mixed solution of an organic solvent and water, and processing by a laser liquid phase ablation technology, and completing the stripping of the support material by pulsed laser irradiation; (b) adding a phosphorus-sulfur crystal and a noble metal powder into the solution obtained in step (a), and continuing the pulsed laser irradiation, while preparing the active component of the catalyst and supporting the active component of the catalyst on the carrier, to obtain the supported catalytic material.

[0015] In the above two preferred embodiments, when the pulsed laser irradiation is performed: the energy of the pulsed laser is 100-500 mJ, the frequency is 1-50 Hz, and the action time is 1-10 h; a 532 nm YAG laser and a 532 nm total reflection mirror or a 355 nm YAG laser and a 355 nm total reflection mirror are used; and the liquid is made to rotate by stirring or by rotating the container.

[0016] In the above two preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the phosphorus-sulfur crystal, the noble metal powder and the support material is 1:1:1.

[0017] In the above two preferred embodiments, the noble metal powder is a micron-level noble metal powder.

[0018] In the above two preferred embodiments, the organic solvent is isopropyl alcohol, ethanol or ascorbic acid, and the volume ratio of the organic solvent to water is (2-4):1.

[0019] In the above two preferred embodiments, the volume ratio of the organic solvent to water is most preferably 3:1.

[0020] In the above two preferred embodiments, the phosphorus-sulfur crystal is most preferably copper indium phosphorus sulfide (CuInP2S6).

[0021] The original phosphorus-sulfur crystalline powder [Copper Indium Phosphate Sulfate (CuInP2S6)] has almost no electrocatalytic properties due to its poor conductivity and extremely few active sites. This invention prepares unique supported micro / nano particles through laser liquid phase ablation. The strong effect of the laser breaks the weak chemical bonds in the original phosphorus-sulfur crystalline material (CuInP2S6), and the noble metal atoms in the molten state during laser liquid phase ablation are embedded into the broken chemical bonds of the parent phosphorus-sulfur crystal by the laser, forming phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particles through alloying. These particles are then loaded onto a selected carrier using the laser liquid phase ablation method. The insertion of noble metal atoms, the alteration of the original crystal chemical bonds, and the attachment to the carrier significantly enhance the conductivity of phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nanoparticle materials. Furthermore, the insertion of noble metal atoms and the attachment to the carrier greatly increase the number of active sites in the micro / nanoparticles, resulting in a significant improvement in their catalytic performance. Moreover, the laser liquid phase ablation process itself also enhances the performance of the catalyst and allows it to be reused repeatedly, maximizing the efficiency of the catalytic material and achieving environmentally friendly catalytic reaction behavior.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, copper indium phosphorus sulfide (CuInP2S6) and the noble metal palladium are used as materials. Laser liquid-phase ablation technology is employed to perform laser ablation treatment in a liquid, forming a nanostructure to prepare phosphorus sulfide alloy micro / nano particle materials. These micro / nano particles are then loaded onto a carrier material using a "liquid-phase laser micro-welding" method developed based on the laser liquid-phase ablation strategy, resulting in supported phosphorus sulfide alloy micro / nano particles. The prepared supported phosphorus sulfide alloy micro / nano particles are polycrystalline or amorphous micro / nano particles supported on a sheet-like carrier. They belong to the category of hydrogen evolution catalysts and exhibit excellent catalytic overpotentials in the HER catalysis field, possessing photoelectrocatalytic performance comparable to platinum-based catalysts, and hold promise for applications in the electrochemical field.

[0023] The present invention provides a supported catalytic material prepared by the above-described preparation method, and specifically provides a supported phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particle.

[0024] The supported phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particle material prepared by this invention is a type of multifunctional electrocatalyst with excellent electrochemical performance under both acidic and alkaline conditions.

[0025] This invention provides the application of the above-mentioned supported catalytic materials in the field of electrochemistry.

[0026] The supported phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particle material prepared by the method of this invention is a multifunctional electrocatalyst. It exhibits good overpotential under both acidic and alkaline conditions and has photoelectrocatalytic performance comparable to platinum-based catalysts. At the same time, it solves the cost problem of platinum-based catalysts and the problems of material selection and loading technology for palladium-based catalysts. It can be used to prepare materials with catalytic effects and can even be combined with conductive hydrogels and aerogels for the catalytic decomposition of gases such as CH4, thus having broad application value.

[0027] Preferably, the electrochemical field is the electrochemical hydrogen evolution field or the electrochemical oxygen reduction field.

[0028] It should be noted that the supported phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nanoparticles of the present invention can also be synthesized by other means, such as hydrothermal methods, and obtained by changing the compounds used, such as other sulfides, phosphides, or nitrides. Furthermore, the phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nanoparticles of the present invention can also be obtained by means such as chemical vapor deposition.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. This invention disperses the catalytically active components (transition metals, noble metals, or metal compounds) as much as possible on a non-noble metal material (such as a carbon-based material) support using a certain technique, which can increase the activity of catalytic sites in the catalytic material and at the same time reduce the amount of noble metals used in the catalytic material.

[0031] 2. The supported phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particle composite material prepared by this invention belongs to a class of multifunctional composite catalysts. It has good overpotential under both alkaline and acidic conditions and has catalytic performance comparable to platinum-based catalysts. It can be applied in the fields of electrochemistry or photoelectrocatalysis. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 , 2 Figures 1 and 3 are TEM images of graphene-loaded CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles obtained under 355 nm laser light in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 4 The image shows the electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance of micro / nano particles obtained by laser irradiation of copper indium phosphorus sulfide (CuInP2S6). Figure 4 In this context, CIPS refers to micro / nano particles obtained by laser processing of copper indium phosphorus sulfide (CuInP2S6).

[0034] Figure 5 Electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance of micro / nanoparticles obtained by loading palladium on copper indium phosphorus sulfide (CuInP2S6); Figure 5 In this context, CIPS@Pd refers to the phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particles prepared in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 6 The graph shows the electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance of the graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 1 at low current density.

[0036] Figure 7 The graph shows the electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance of graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 1 under high current density.

[0037] Figure 8 , 9 10 are TEM images of MXeneTi3C2 loaded CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles obtained under 355 nm laser irradiation in Example 2.

[0038] Figure 11 The graph shows the electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance of MXeneTi3C2-loaded CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 2 at low current densities.

[0039] Figure 12 The graph shows the electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance of MXeneTi3C2-loaded CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 2 under high current density.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a process flow diagram and apparatus diagram of the present invention; Figure 13 In the diagram, 1 represents a high-energy laser (the laser can be a nanosecond, picosecond, or femtosecond laser with a wavelength of 248nm-532nm), 2 represents a laser beam guiding system, 3 represents a liquid-phase laser ablation reaction zone, 41 represents a rotating container device, 42 represents a computer that controls the rotating device, and 5 represents the micro-nano structures generated in the high-energy laser ablation reaction. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are conventional methods, and the experimental materials used in the following embodiments are all available through conventional commercial channels.

[0043] Example 1: Preparation of graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles

[0044] (1) 10 mg of copper indium phosphorus sulfide parent material and 10 mg of precious metal powder palladium (micron-sized) were dispersed in a mixed solution of isopropanol and water in a volume ratio of 3:1, with a total solution volume of 50 mL. The well-dispersed mixed solution was placed in a glass bottle and ultrasonically dispersed at room temperature. Then the glass bottle was fixed on a magnetic stirrer and the magnetic stirrer was kept running continuously (the speed can be set to 100-800 rpm). A 355 nm YAG laser and a 355 nm total reflection mirror were used to irradiate the mixed solution with a pulsed laser at the bottle mouth. The energy of the pulsed laser was 100 mJ, the frequency was 50 Hz, and the irradiation time was 1 h to obtain a phosphorus sulfide alloy micro-nano particle solution.

[0045] (2) 10 mg of graphene (few-layer graphene) was added to the phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particle solution obtained in step (1). A 355 nm YAG laser and a 355 nm total reflection mirror were used to irradiate the mixed solution with a pulsed laser at the bottle mouth. The magnetic stirrer was kept running during the irradiation process. The pulsed laser action time was 0.5 h, and graphene-loaded CIPS@Pd micro / nano particles were obtained. The energy of the pulsed laser was 100 mJ and the frequency was 50 Hz.

[0046] Example 2: Preparation of MXeneTi3C2-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles

[0047] (1) Disperse 10 mg MXeneTi3C2 into a mixed solution of isopropanol and water in a volume ratio of 3:1, with a total solution volume of 50 mL. Place the well-dispersed mixed solution in a glass bottle and ultrasonically disperse it evenly at room temperature. Then fix the glass bottle on a magnetic stirrer and keep the magnetic stirrer running continuously (the speed can be set to 100-800 rpm). Use a 355 nm YAG laser and a 355 nm total reflection mirror to irradiate the mixed solution with a pulsed laser at the bottle mouth. The energy of the pulsed laser is 100 mJ, the frequency is 50 Hz, and the irradiation time is 0.5 h to complete the carrier exfoliation. Carrier exfoliation can increase the active specific surface area of ​​the carrier, so that more catalytic particles are loaded on the carrier.

[0048] (2) Add 10 mg of copper indium phosphorus sulfur parent material and 10 mg of precious metal powder palladium (micron-sized) to the solution in step (1). Continue to use a 355 nm YAG laser and a 355 nm total reflection mirror to irradiate the mixed solution with a pulsed laser at the bottle mouth. During the irradiation process, the magnetic stirrer is kept running. The pulsed laser action time is 1 h to obtain MXeneTi3C2 loaded CIPS@Pd micro-nano particles. The energy of the pulsed laser is 100 mJ and the frequency is 50 Hz.

[0049] Experimental Example 1: Performance Analysis of Graphene-Supported CIPS@Pd Micro / Nano Particles

[0050] (1) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis

[0051] The graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 1 were used as test samples, and TEM analysis was performed on them using a 200kV transmission electron microscope. The obtained TEM images are shown below. Figures 1-3 As shown in the TEM image, the obtained graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles are spherical micro / nanoparticles or dendritic nanomaterials uniformly distributed on graphene.

[0052] (2) Electrochemical performance testing

[0053] All electrocatalytic performance tests were conducted using a three-electrode system. The working electrode was a glassy carbon electrode loaded with graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nano particles, the counter electrode was a graphite rod electrode, and the reference electrode was a silver / silver chloride electrode under acidic conditions and a mercury / mercury oxide electrode under alkaline conditions. The electrolyte consisted of 0.5M sulfuric acid solution and 0.1M or 1M potassium hydroxide solution. The working electrode was prepared as follows:

[0054] Weigh out 5 mg of copper indium phosphorus sulfide micro-nano particles obtained by laser treatment (copper indium phosphorus sulfide parent material was obtained by laser irradiation according to step (1) of Example 1), phosphorus sulfide alloy micro-nano particles, and graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro-nano particles obtained in Example 1. Add 975 μL of deionized water, then add 5 μL of 5 wt% Nafion dispersion. After ultrasonic dispersion, take 5 μL of the prepared catalyst ink and drop it onto the polished glassy carbon electrode surface. Let it dry naturally at room temperature to obtain the working electrode.

[0055] The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under acidic conditions was tested in 0.5 M sulfuric acid, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figures 6 and 7. The scan rate of the linear scanning voltammetry is 5 mV / s.

[0056] Depend on Figure 4 The electrochemical performance graphs show that, under acidic conditions, the micro / nano particles obtained by laser treatment of copper indium phosphorus sulfide exhibit excellent performance at 10 mA / cm². -2 The overpotential corresponding to the current density is only -649mV, indicating that the micro / nano particles obtained by laser treatment of copper indium phosphorus sulfide exhibit poor electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance; Figure 5 The electrochemical performance graphs show that the micro / nano particles obtained by supporting palladium with copper indium phosphorus sulfide (i.e., phosphorus sulfide alloy micro / nano particles) exhibit excellent performance at 10 mA / cm². -2The overpotential corresponding to the current density is -178mV, and its electrocatalytic performance is significantly improved compared to laser-treated copper indium phosphorus sulfide, but still far inferior to graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nano particles; Figure 6 As shown, graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles were subjected to [a process] at 10 mA cm⁻¹. -2 The overpotential corresponding to the current density is only -128mV, indicating that the catalyst obtained by laser-assisted graphene-supported noble metal alloy exhibits the best electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. Meanwhile, as... Figure 7 As shown, graphene-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles also exhibit excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under high current density.

[0057] Experimental Example 2: Performance Analysis of MXeneTi3C2 Loaded with CIPS@Pd Micro / Nano Particles

[0058] (1) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis

[0059] Using the MXeneTi3C2-loaded CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 2 as the test sample, TEM analysis was performed using a 200kV transmission electron microscope. The obtained TEM images are shown below. Figures 8-10 As shown in the TEM image, the prepared MXeneTi3C2-loaded CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles are spherical micro / nanoparticles or dendritic nanomaterials with uniform scale distribution loaded on MXeneTi3C2.

[0060] (2) Electrochemical performance testing

[0061] All electrocatalytic performance tests were conducted using a three-electrode system. The working electrode was a glassy carbon electrode loaded with MXeneTi3C2 and CIPS@Pd micro / nano particles, the counter electrode was a graphite rod electrode, and the reference electrode was a silver / silver chloride electrode under acidic conditions and a mercury / mercury oxide electrode under alkaline conditions. The electrolyte consisted of 0.5M sulfuric acid solution and 0.1M or 1M potassium hydroxide solution. The preparation method of the working electrode was as follows:

[0062] Weigh 5 mg of MXeneTi3C2-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nano particles obtained in Example 2, add 975 μL of deionized water, then add 5 μL of 5 wt% Nafion dispersion, and after ultrasonic dispersion, take 5 μL of the prepared catalyst ink droplet on the polished glassy carbon electrode surface and let it dry naturally at room temperature to obtain the working electrode.

[0063] The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under acidic conditions was tested in 0.5 M sulfuric acid, and the results are as follows: Figure 11 and 12 As shown. The scan rate of the linear scan voltammetry is 5 mV / s.

[0064] Depend on Figure 4 The electrochemical performance graphs show that, under acidic conditions, the micro / nano particles obtained by laser treatment of copper indium phosphorus sulfide exhibit excellent performance at 10 mA / cm². -2 The overpotential corresponding to the current density is only -649mV, indicating that the micro / nano particles obtained by laser treatment of copper indium phosphorus sulfide exhibit poor electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance; Figure 5 The electrochemical performance graphs show that the micro / nano particles obtained by supporting palladium with copper indium phosphorus sulfide (i.e., phosphorus sulfide alloy micro / nano particles) exhibit excellent performance at 10 mA cm⁻¹. -2 The overpotential corresponding to the current density is -178mV, and its electrocatalytic performance is significantly improved compared to laser-treated copper indium phosphorus sulfide, but it is still far inferior to MXeneTi3C2-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nano particles; Figure 11 As shown, MXeneTi3C2 loaded with CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles at 10 mA cm⁻¹ -2 The overpotential corresponding to the current density is only -136mV, indicating that the MXeneTi3C2-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles exhibit the best electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. Meanwhile, as... Figure 12 As shown, MXeneTi3C2-supported CIPS@Pd micro / nanoparticles also exhibit excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under high current density.

[0065] The above results demonstrate that after high-energy laser treatment in a liquid specifically mixed with graphene or MXeneTi3C2 carrier, a uniformly distributed supported composite catalytic material is formed. The effect of high-energy laser improves the mass transfer of the catalyst, giving it higher charge transfer efficiency and thus exhibiting excellent electrochemical hydrogen evolution performance.

[0066] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing supported catalytic materials based on laser ablation technology, characterized in that, This method involves treating a suspension containing phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particles and a support material using liquid-phase laser ablation technology, and then loading the catalyst active components onto the support material using pulsed laser irradiation to obtain the supported catalyst material. The phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro / nano particles are prepared by adding phosphorus-sulfur crystals and noble metal powder together into a mixed solution of organic solvent and water, mixing them, processing them with laser liquid phase ablation technology, and then irradiating them with pulsed laser. Alternatively, the method may include the following steps: (a) adding the carrier to a mixed solution of organic solvent and water, treating it with laser liquid phase ablation technology, and using pulsed laser irradiation to complete the carrier exfoliation; (b) adding phosphorus-sulfur crystals and noble metal powder to the solution obtained in step (a), continuing to perform pulsed laser irradiation, and simultaneously preparing the catalyst active component and loading the catalyst active component onto the support to obtain the supported catalyst material; When performing pulsed laser irradiation: the energy of the pulsed laser is 100-500 mJ, the frequency is 1-50 Hz, and the treatment time is 1-10 h; The carrier material includes porous carbon, graphene, or MXeneTi3C2.

2. The method for constructing supported catalytic materials based on laser ablation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (A) adding phosphorus-sulfur crystals and noble metal powder together into a mixed solution of organic solvent and water, mixing well, and then processing by laser liquid phase ablation technology to obtain a phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro-nano particle solution by pulsed laser irradiation; (B) adding a carrier to the phosphorus-sulfur alloy micro-nano particle solution, and continuing to irradiate with pulsed laser to load the catalyst active component onto the carrier to obtain the supported catalyst material.

3. The method for constructing supported catalytic materials based on laser ablation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method employs a 532nm YAG laser and a 532nm total reflection mirror or a 355nm YAG laser and a 355nm total reflection mirror; the liquid is made to rotate by stirring or by rotating the container.

4. A method for constructing supported catalytic materials based on laser ablation technology according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the phosphorus-sulfide crystals, noble metal powder and carrier material is 1:1:1; The organic solvent is isopropanol, ethanol or ascorbic acid, and the volume ratio of the organic solvent to water is (2-4):1; The phosphorus-sulfur crystal is copper indium phosphorus-sulfur.

5. A supported catalytic material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-4.

6. The application of the supported catalytic material according to claim 5 in the field of electrochemistry.

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