Four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine

Abstract

The application provides a four-degree-of-freedom multi-direction forging machine, and relates to the technical field of forging machines. The four-degree-of-freedom multi-direction forging machine comprises a base, an annular rotating table rotatably arranged on the upper end of the base, hydraulic cylinder upper top plates symmetrically arranged on the upper sides of the annular rotating table, a plurality of lifting hydraulic cylinders arranged between the hydraulic cylinder upper top plates and the annular rotating table, forging parts fixedly arranged on the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder upper top plates, the forging parts comprising two support plates, the two support plates being respectively fixedly connected to the upper end front and rear sides of the hydraulic cylinder upper top plates, a driving gear being rotatably arranged between the two support plates on the lower side center, a rotatable rotating plate being arranged on the front side of the driving gear, and lower double gearwheels being rotatably arranged on the two ends of the rotating plate close to the side of the driving gear. The four-degree-of-freedom multi-direction forging machine can realize forging along the vertical direction, and can also realize side forging along the horizontal direction and along a certain inclined angle of the horizontal plane, thereby improving the forging efficiency and economic benefits.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic forging machines, in particular to a four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional forging equipment usually uses hammering to perform one-dimensional extrusion movement on the forged piece, and is forged from the vertical direction and the horizontal direction respectively. The forging equipment and the forging method are only directed to forging in a single direction of the forged piece. If multiple surfaces of the forged piece need to be processed, the forged piece must be repositioned and clamped for re-forging, or processed through other processes. It is difficult to meet the processing requirements of the forged piece with complex shape using the traditional forging equipment. Therefore, casting or die forging is adopted. Although both casting and die forging can obtain complex shapes, they must be directed to a single product to manufacture a mold with better precision, strength and thermal properties in advance. The mold is not interchangeable, which increases the time cost and economic cost. The mechanical properties of the product after casting cannot meet the strength of the forging process. Die forging is limited by equipment capacity and is difficult to forge large forgings with long production cycle and high cost. Even some multi-directional forging machines can realize vertical and horizontal forging, but they can only be directed to the vertical and horizontal orthogonal directions. For the continuous forging surface with a certain angle on the side surface of the forged piece, the forged piece also needs to be turned over and repositioned and clamped. The forging will also affect the shape of other forging surfaces, directly leading to low forging piece qualification rate and low efficiency. For complex forgings, the multi-directional forging machine has a complex forging press structure and is difficult to control. SUMMARY

[0003] (I) Technical problems solved

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine, which can realize side forging along the horizontal direction and the direction with a set inclination angle along the horizontal plane.

[0005] (II) Technical solutions

[0006] The application adopts the following technical scheme: a four-degree-of-freedom multi-direction forging machine, comprising a base, a forging part is arranged on the upper side of the base, the forging part comprises a pair of support plates, the pair of support plates are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the base, a driving gear is rotationally arranged on the lower side between each support plate, a rotatable rotating plate is arranged on the front side of the driving gear, the driving gear and the rotating plate independently rotate around a common center line of symmetry, a lower double gear is rotationally arranged on the side of each end of the rotating plate close to the driving gear, each lower double gear comprises a gear part and a sprocket part and the two parts share a center line of symmetry, the gear part of each lower double gear is engaged with the driving gear, a connecting rod is arranged on the rear side of each lower double gear, the connecting rod is a rod-shaped structure with rotating shafts horizontally arranged on the upper and lower ends, and each lower double gear is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft on the lower end of the adjacent connecting rod; a forging hammer sliding sleeve is rotationally arranged on the upper side between the pair of support plates, a sliding sleeve rotating seat is fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the forging hammer sliding sleeve, an upper rotating shaft is rotationally arranged in the sliding sleeve rotating seat, the upper rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the adjacent side support plate on each end, the rotating shaft on the upper end of each connecting rod is rotationally connected with the adjacent upper double gear and the adjacent end of the forging hammer sliding sleeve on one side, each upper double gear comprises a sprocket part and a gear part connected with each other and sharing a center line of symmetry, a transmission chain is sleeved between the sprocket part of the upper double gear and the sprocket part of the corresponding lower double gear, a side forging hammer is arranged in the forging hammer sliding sleeve, and the side forging hammer comprises a reciprocating movable forging hammer head; each upper double gear is suitable for driving the side forging hammer to slide in the forging hammer sliding sleeve.

[0007] A part of the gear part of each upper double gear penetrates through the through hole of the forging hammer sliding sleeve to the inside of the forging hammer sliding sleeve; the side forging hammer comprises a forging hammer rod, a forging hammer head is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the forging hammer rod, a forging cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the forging hammer rod, the cylinder end of the forging cylinder is connected with the lower end of the forging hammer rod, the piston end of the forging cylinder is fixedly connected with the forging hammer head, a rack is arranged on one side of the middle segment of the forging hammer rod, the middle part of the forging hammer rod is slidingly fitted in the forging hammer sliding sleeve, and the rack is engaged with the gear part of the pair of upper double gears penetrating in the forging hammer sliding sleeve.

[0008] An annular rotating table is rotationally arranged on the upper end of the base, a pair of hydraulic cylinder upper top plates are symmetrically arranged on the upper sides of the annular rotating table, a plurality of lifting hydraulic cylinders are arranged between each hydraulic cylinder upper top plate and the annular rotating table, and each forging part is arranged on the upper end of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder upper top plate.

[0009] Horizontal cross beams are connected between the top ends of the pair of forging parts, a vertical forging hammer is fixedly arranged in the center of the cross beam, the vertical forging hammer comprises a reciprocating movable forging hammer head in the vertical direction, and the vertical forging hammer and the side forging hammer are suitable for being staggered with each other in space.

[0010] An adjustment motor is installed on the front end face of the support plate opposite to the rotating plate. The rotor output end of the adjustment motor passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected coaxially to the central part of the rotating plate. A lifting motor is fixedly installed on the rear end face of the support plate opposite to the drive gear. The rotor output end of the lifting motor passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected coaxially to the drive gear.

[0011] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0012] 1. This invention provides a four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine, which can realize vertical hammering, horizontal hammering and side hammering at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, and realize multi-degree-of-freedom operation of pressing, bending and twisting of forgings on the same forging machine, so as to meet the shape forging requirements of complex forging products.

[0013] 2. This invention provides a four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine, in which the side forging hammer rotates 360 degrees in the horizontal plane according to the surface to be processed of the workpiece, thereby satisfying the multi-directional hammering requirements of the workpiece surface.

[0014] 3. This invention provides a four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine, which increases the adjustment range of the distance between the vertical forging hammer, the side forging hammer and the workpiece surface to be processed by the lifting hydraulic cylinder, avoiding the process of workers moving the workpiece during processing, effectively reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving forging efficiency and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the forged component of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the forged component of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the forged component of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the forged component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a front cross-sectional view of the forged component of the present invention in an inclined state.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a side view of the forging component of the present invention in an inclined state;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the forging hammer sleeve of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the side-forging hammer of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a front cross-sectional view of the side forging hammer of the present invention.

[0027] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0028] 1. Crossbeam; 2. Vertical forging hammer; 3. Side forging hammer; 4. Forging component; 5. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 6. Upper plate of hydraulic cylinder; 7. Base; 8. Forging table; 9. Circular rotating table; 10. Electric wheel; 401. Support plate; 402. Lower double gear; 403. Rotating plate; 404. Drive gear; 405. Connecting rod; 406. Transmission chain; 407. Upper double gear; 408. Forging hammer sleeve; 409. Upper rotating shaft; 410. Adjusting motor; 411. Lifting motor; 412. Square hole; 413. Sleeve adjusting seat; 414. Sleeve rotating seat; 301. Forging hammer rod; 302. Forging hammer head; 303. Rack; 304. Forging cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] refer to Figures 1-9This embodiment describes a four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine, comprising a base 7, with an annular rotating platform 9 rotatably mounted on the upper end of the base 7. An electric wheel 10 is installed inside the annular rotating platform, which can drive the annular rotating platform 9 to rotate around its central axis. Hydraulic cylinder upper plates 6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides above the annular rotating platform 9. Multiple lifting hydraulic cylinders 5 are arranged between the hydraulic cylinder upper plates 6 and the annular rotating platform 9. Forging components 4 are fixedly mounted on the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder upper plates 6. Each forging component 4 includes two support plates 401, which are respectively fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder upper plates. 6. At the upper front and rear sides, a drive gear 404 is rotatably mounted at the lower center between the two support plates 401. A rotatable rotating plate 403 is mounted in front of the drive gear 404. The drive gear 404 and the rotating plate 403 can rotate independently around a common center line of symmetry. Lower double gears 402 are rotatably mounted on both ends of the rotating plate 403 facing the drive gear 404. Each lower double gear 402 includes a gear part and a sprocket part connected to each other, and the two are on the same center line of symmetry. The gear part of each lower double gear 402 meshes with the drive gear 404. Each wheel 402 has a connecting rod 405 on its rear side. The connecting rod 405 is a rod-shaped structure with a horizontally mounted rotating shaft at both the upper and lower ends. Both ends of the rotating plate 403 and each lower double gear 402 are rotatably connected to the rotating shaft at the lower end of the adjacent connecting rod 405. A hollow forging hammer sleeve 408 is rotatably mounted at the upper center between the two support plates 401. A sleeve rotating seat 414 is fixedly mounted at the center of the lower end face of the forging hammer sleeve 408. An upper rotating shaft 409 is mounted inside the sleeve rotating seat 414. Both ends of the upper rotating shaft 409 are fixedly connected to the support plates 401 on both sides, respectively. Each connecting rod... The upper end of 405 is rotatably fitted with an upper double gear 407 via its rotating shaft, and this rotating shaft also passes through the sliding sleeve adjusting seats 413 at both ends of the forging hammer sliding sleeve 408 to achieve rotatable connection. Each upper double gear 407 also includes a sprocket part and a gear part connected to each other and sharing a common symmetrical center line. A transmission chain 406 is sleeved on the outer side of the sprocket part of each upper double gear 407 and the corresponding lower double gear 402 sprocket part. A portion of the gear part of each upper double gear 407 passes through the corresponding square hole 412 of the forging hammer sliding sleeve 408 and extends into the interior of the forging hammer sliding sleeve 408, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0031] refer to Figures 10-11The forging hammer slide sleeve 408 is equipped with a side forging hammer 3. The side forging hammer 3 includes a forging hammer rod 301. A forging hammer head 302 is slidably sleeved on the lower end of the forging hammer rod 301. A forging cylinder 304 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the forging hammer rod 301. The cylinder end of the forging cylinder 304 is connected to the lower end of the forging hammer rod 301. The piston end of the forging cylinder 304 is fixedly connected to the forging hammer head 302. A rack 303 is provided on one side wall of the middle part of the forging hammer rod 301. The middle part of the forging hammer rod 301 is slidably fitted in the forging hammer slide sleeve 408. The rack 303 meshes with the gear part of a pair of upper double gears 407 passing through the forging hammer slide sleeve 408. When the forging cylinder 304 is working, it is suitable for driving the forging hammer head 302 to reciprocate for forging.

[0032] A horizontal beam 1 connects the top ends of a pair of forging components 4 above the annular rotating table 9. A vertical forging hammer 2 is fixedly mounted at the center of the beam 1. The vertical forging hammer 2 has the same structure as the side forging hammer 3 and can forge the upper surface of the workpiece. The upper end of its forging hammer rod is fixedly mounted on the beam 1, and its forging hammer head moves back and forth under the drive of the forging cylinder to forge.

[0033] An adjusting motor 410 is provided on the front end face of the support plate 401 opposite to the rotating plate 403. The rotor output end of the adjusting motor 410 passes through the support plate 401 and is fixedly connected coaxially to the central part of the rotating plate 403. A lifting motor 411 is fixedly provided on the rear end face of the support plate 401 opposite to the driving gear 404. The rotor output end of the lifting motor 411 passes through the support plate 401 and is fixedly connected coaxially to the driving gear 404.

[0034] During operation, the forging component 4 can be angled according to the side surface to be processed of the workpiece. The adjustment motor 410 is started, and the rotating plate 403 rotates with the adjustment motor 410. The two ends of the rotating plate 403 drive the lower ends of the adjacent connecting rods 405. The forging hammer sleeve 408 rotates around the rotating shaft 409 under the drive of the upper ends of the pair of connecting rods 405. The side forging hammer 3 inside the forging hammer sleeve 408 also rotates to complete the angle adjustment. After that, the adjustment motor 410 is de-energized and its rotor is locked, and the hammering direction of the side forging hammer 3 is set. When it is necessary to adjust the distance between the workpiece surface to be processed and the forging hammer head 302 of the side forging hammer 3, the lifting motor 411 is started. The lifting motor 411 drives the drive gear 404 to rotate. The drive gear 404 drives a pair of lower double gears 402 to rotate synchronously through gear meshing. Each lower double gear 402 drives the corresponding upper double gear 407 to rotate synchronously through the transmission chain 406 on it. The gear part of the pair of upper double gears 407 and the rack 303 drive the forging hammer rod 301 of the side forging hammer 3 to slide along the forging hammer slide sleeve 408 through gear and rack meshing, thereby adjusting the distance between the forging hammer head 302 and the workpiece surface to be processed. After that, the lifting motor 411 is de-energized and its rotor is locked. The forging cylinder 304 works to drive the reciprocating movement of the forging hammer head 302 to realize the forging of the workpiece surface to be processed.

[0035] If adjusting the forging component 4 alone cannot adjust the distance between the forging hammer 302 and the workpiece surface to be processed to the set value, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 5 can be activated to control the overall height of the forging component 4. If adjusting the forging component 4 alone cannot adjust the hammering direction of the side forging hammer 3 to the set value, the electric wheel 10 can be activated. The operation of the electric wheel 10 will drive the ring rotating table 9 to rotate as a whole, so that the forging component 4 rotates around the workpiece. Finally, forging can be achieved on the top and sides of the workpiece from all directions.

[0036] The vertical forging hammer 2 and the side forging hammer 3 are along the same... Figure 1 The front and rear directions of the middle base 7 are staggered to prevent interference between the side forging hammer 3 and the vertical forging hammer 2 when the side forging hammer 3 strikes in the horizontal direction.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine, comprising a base (7), characterized in that: A forging component (4) is provided on the upper side of the base (7). The forging component (4) includes a pair of support plates (401), which are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the base (7). A drive gear (404) is rotatably arranged at the lower center of each support plate (401). A rotatable rotating plate (403) is provided in front of the drive gear (404). The drive gear (404) and the rotating plate (403) rotate independently around a common center line of symmetry. The two ends of the rotating plate (403) are close to the drive gear. Each of the driving gears (404) has a lower double gear (402) rotatably mounted on one side. Each lower double gear (402) includes a gear section and a sprocket section, and the two are symmetrical about a central line. The gear section of each lower double gear (402) meshes with the driving gear (404). Each lower double gear (402) has a connecting rod (405) on its rear side. The connecting rod (405) is a rod-shaped structure with a rotating shaft horizontally mounted at both the upper and lower ends. Each lower double gear (402) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft at the lower end of the adjacent connecting rod (405). A forging hammer sleeve (408) is rotatably mounted on the upper center between a pair of support plates (401). A sleeve rotating seat (414) is fixedly mounted on the lower center of the sleeve (408). An upper rotating shaft (409) is rotatably fitted inside the sleeve rotating seat (414). The two ends of the upper rotating shaft (409) are fixedly connected to the adjacent side support plates (401). The rotating shafts at the upper ends of each connecting rod (405) are rotatably connected to the adjacent upper double gear (407) and the adjacent ends of the forging hammer sleeve (408) on one side. Each upper double gear (407) includes a sprocket part and a gear part connected to each other and sharing a common center line of symmetry. A transmission chain (406) is sleeved between the sprocket part of the upper double gear (407) and the sprocket part of the corresponding lower double gear (402). A side forging hammer (3) is provided inside the forging hammer sleeve (408). The side forging hammer (3) includes a forging hammer head (302) that can reciprocate. Each upper double gear (407) is adapted to drive the side forging hammer (3) to slide within the forging hammer sleeve (408).

2. The four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A portion of the gear section of each upper double gear (407) passes through the through hole of the forging hammer sleeve (408) to the interior of the forging hammer sleeve (408); the side forging hammer (3) includes a forging hammer rod (301), a forging hammer head (302) is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the forging hammer rod (301), and a forging cylinder (304) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the forging hammer rod (301), the cylinder body end of the forging cylinder (304) is connected to the forging... The lower end of the hammer rod (301) is connected to the piston end of the forging cylinder (304) and the forging hammer head (302). A rack (303) is provided on one side of the middle section of the forging hammer rod (301). The middle part of the forging hammer rod (301) is slidably fitted in the forging hammer sleeve (408), and the rack (303) meshes with the gear part of a pair of upper double gears (407) passing through the forging hammer sleeve (408).

3. The four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The base (7) is rotatably provided with an annular rotating platform (9). A pair of hydraulic cylinder top plates (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides above the annular rotating platform (9). Multiple lifting hydraulic cylinders (5) are arranged between each hydraulic cylinder top plate (6) and the annular rotating platform (9). Each forging component (4) is arranged on the upper end of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder top plate (6).

4. The four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A horizontal beam (1) is connected between the top ends of the pair of forging components (4). A vertical forging hammer (2) is fixed at the center of the beam (1). The vertical forging hammer (2) includes a forging hammer head (302) that moves back and forth in the vertical direction. The vertical forging hammer (2) and the side forging hammer (3) are spatially staggered.

5. The four-degree-of-freedom multi-directional forging machine according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: An adjusting motor (410) is provided on the front end face of the support plate (401) opposite to the rotating plate (403). The rotor output end of the adjusting motor (410) passes through the support plate (401) and is fixedly connected coaxially to the central part of the rotating plate (403). A lifting motor (411) is fixedly provided on the rear end face of the support plate (401) opposite to the driving gear (404). The rotor output end of the lifting motor (411) passes through the support plate (401) and is fixedly connected coaxially to the driving gear (404).

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