Detachable and adjustable turning, boring and milling cutter based on vortex line control cutter head

Abstract

The application discloses a detachable and adjustable turning, boring and milling cutter based on a vortex line control cutter head, which comprises a cutter seat and a cutter head, and a driven bevel gear is arranged in the cutter seat; a vortex line groove which is diffused from the center to the outside is arranged on the side of the driven bevel gear away from the teeth; two limiting discs are arranged on the side of the cutter seat close to the vortex line groove, and the two limiting discs are symmetrically arranged about the center of the cutter seat; two cutter handle seats which can be bidirectionally close to or away from each other are arranged on the limiting disc and are used for adjusting the radial opening and closing size of the turning, boring and milling cutter; cutter handle bodies are arranged on the cutter handle seats, and the two cutter handle bodies are matched to clamp the cutter head. The cutter head is detachable, different cutter heads of different materials can be replaced according to different use places or materials, the situation that the whole machine is maintained or replaced due to the wear of the cutter head of the integrally formed milling cutter is avoided, and the shutdown rate and the debugging and processing risk are reduced. The cutter head is adjustable and controllable through the driven bevel gear, the driving bevel gear, the guide column and the vortex line groove, and the applicability of the cutter is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to turning and boring milling tools, and more specifically, to a turning and boring milling tool with a detachable and adjustable cutter head based on a spiral curve control. Background Technology

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool primarily used to machine rotating workpieces using a cutting tool. It is the most important type of metal cutting machine tool, and is the most numerous and prevalent type in general machine manufacturing plants; it is also known as the "mother machine." Drills, reamers, taps, dies, and knurling tools can also be used on lathes for various machining operations. The function of a lathe is to cut rotating surfaces of various sizes and shapes, as well as helical surfaces.

[0003] A boring machine primarily uses a boring bar to bore pre-drilled holes in a workpiece. Typically, the rotation of the boring bar is the primary motion, while the movement of the boring bar or workpiece constitutes the feed motion. It is mainly used for machining high-precision holes or for finishing multiple holes in a single positioning operation. Additionally, it can be used to machine other surfaces related to hole finishing. Boring machines are essential equipment for machining large box-shaped parts, and are particularly adept at threading, machining external diameters, and end faces.

[0004] A milling machine is a machine tool that uses a milling cutter to machine various surfaces of a workpiece. Typically, the rotation of the milling cutter is the primary motion, while the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter constitutes the feed motion. Milling machines are versatile machine tools that can machine planes (horizontal and vertical), grooves (keyways, T-slots, dovetail grooves, etc.), geared parts (gears, splined shafts, sprockets), helical surfaces (threads, helical grooves), and various curved surfaces. Furthermore, they can be used for machining rotating surfaces, internal holes, and for cutting off sections. When a milling machine is working, the workpiece is mounted on the worktable or indexing head. The rotation of the milling cutter is the primary motion, supplemented by the feed motion of the worktable or milling head, allowing the workpiece to achieve the desired machined surface. Due to its multi-bladed intermittent cutting, milling machines have high productivity. Simply put, a milling machine is a machine tool capable of milling, drilling, and boring workpieces.

[0005] In the existing technology, the cutting head, tool holder, and tool holder seat of turning, boring, and milling cutters are usually integrally formed, which makes it inconvenient to disassemble and replace the cutting head with a suitable material and size according to the actual use site or material. This limits the use of the cutter and reduces its applicable range. In particular, the demand for milling cutters is relatively large, and once the cutting head is damaged, the whole machine needs to be replaced, resulting in a waste of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a turning, boring, and milling cutter with a detachable and adjustable cutter head based on a vortex control, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the cutter head, cutter holder, and cutter holder seat are integrally formed, which makes it inconvenient to disassemble and replace the cutter head according to the actual use location or material, thus limiting the use of the cutter and its application range.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a turning, boring, and milling cutter with a detachable and adjustable cutter head based on a vortex curve control, comprising:

[0008] The tool holder has a knob on its side wall and an active bevel gear inside. The knob is connected to the active bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear meshes with the active bevel gear. The driven bevel gear has a vortex groove that spreads outward from the center on the side away from the teeth.

[0009] A limiting plate is fitted onto the side of the driven bevel gear away from the teeth; a mounting groove is formed in the middle of the limiting plate;

[0010] Two tool holders are slidably mounted in the mounting slots of the limiting plate. A guide post is inserted into the side of the tool holder near the scroll groove, and the other end of the guide post is engaged in the scroll groove and can move along the scroll groove.

[0011] There are two blade handle bodies, each mounted on a separate blade holder, used to secure the blade head.

[0012] In one embodiment, a slider is provided on the side of the tool holder near the vortex groove, and a groove is provided on the limiting plate to adapt to the slider for sliding.

[0013] In one embodiment, the handle body and the handle seat are slidably connected, and the handle body can be pushed forward along the handle seat axially to adjust the axial depth of the cutter head.

[0014] Furthermore, a corrugated groove is provided along the axial direction on the mating surface of the tool holder seat and the tool holder body. Preferably, the corrugated groove includes a plurality of single grooves evenly distributed along the axial direction, and the distance between adjacent single grooves is not less than 1 mm.

[0015] In one embodiment, a center seat is provided on the side of the tool holder away from the vortex groove, and a clamping shank is provided on the center seat.

[0016] In one embodiment, a pressure plate is fixed to the end of the handle body for engaging and locking the blade head. When the blade head is umbrella-shaped, a locking groove is provided on the back of the umbrella surface.

[0017] In one embodiment, an adjustment assembly is provided at the axial center of the tool holder. The adjustment assembly includes a push pin, one end of which is provided with a push head for abutting the tool head, and the other end of which is provided with an adjustment block. A spring is sleeved on the outside of the push pin.

[0018] Preferably, the knob is provided with a dial.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention provides a corrugated groove along the axial direction on the mating surface of the tool holder and the tool holder body. The corrugated groove can increase the contact area between the two, improve the interlocking force between them, and enable them to fit more tightly and firmly. This facilitates the precise positioning of the tool tip and improves the impact resistance and vibration resistance of the tool tip. On the other hand, the corrugated groove can adjust the interlocking position between the two, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the axial depth of the tool tip and improving the applicability of the milling cutter to different tool tips.

[0021] 2. The cutting head of this invention is detachable and adjustable, which makes it easy to replace the cutting head with a different material according to the usage location or material. This reduces the frequency of machine maintenance and replacement required for one-piece milling cutters due to cutting head wear, as well as the downtime and debugging risks.

[0022] 3. This invention achieves adjustable and controllable tool head through driven bevel gear, driving bevel wheel, guide post and scroll groove. When the driving bevel wheel drives the driven bevel gear to rotate, under the action of the guide post and scroll groove, the two tool holders will move closer or further apart along the limiting plate, which is used to adjust the radial opening and closing size of the turning boring and milling cutter to suit different sizes of tool heads and improve its applicability.

[0023] 4. The present invention is equipped with an adjustment component, which can adjust the position of the ejector pin by means of a spring, thereby more reliably resisting the cutter head, effectively reducing vibration and improving processing quality. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the tool in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a perspective structural diagram of the entire cutting tool in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the meshing relationship between the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear in one embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex and guide column in one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of the unassembled tool holder;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the tool holder seat, the tool holder body and the pressure plate in one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the adjustment component and the cutter head in one embodiment.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Tool holder; 11. Knob; 12. Driving bevel gear; 13. Driven bevel gear; 131. Scroll groove; 2. Tool head; 21. Slot; 22. Umbrella handle; 3. Limiting plate; 31. Slide groove; 4. Tool holder seat; 41. Slider; 42. Guide post; 43. Wave groove; 5. Tool holder body; 6. Pressure plate; 7. Center seat; 71. Clamping handle; 8. Adjustment assembly; 81. Center pin; 82. Adjustment block; 83. Center head; 84. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0034] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0038] See Figure 1-7 This invention provides a turning and boring milling cutter with a detachable and adjustable cutter head based on a vortex control, including a cutter holder 1. The cutter holder 1 is a bevel gear holder with a groove inside. A driven bevel gear 13 is installed in the groove. A hole is opened in the side wall of the cutter holder 1, and a knob 11 is installed on the outside of the hole. A driving bevel wheel 12 is installed in the hole. The knob 11 is connected to the driving bevel wheel 12, and the driving bevel wheel 12 is meshed with the driven bevel gear 13. Optionally, a connecting shaft is welded inside the knob 11. The connecting shaft passes through the side wall of the cutter holder 1 and is fixedly connected to the driving bevel wheel 12.

[0039] A spiral groove 131 is provided on the side of the driven bevel gear 13 away from the teeth, which radiates outward from the center; two limiting disks 3 are fixed on the side near the spiral groove 131, and the two limiting disks 3 are symmetrically arranged about the center of the tool holder 1.

[0040] There is a certain preview space between the two limiting discs 3, forming a mounting groove. Two tool holders 4 that can slide along the groove to move closer together or further apart are engaged in the groove. This is used to adjust the radial opening and closing size of the turning and boring cutter to suit different sizes of cutter heads 2. Preferably, the knob 11 is equipped with a scale. By turning the knob on the scale, one can clearly know the angle of clockwise or counterclockwise rotation, thereby clearly knowing the opening and closing size of the two tool holders 4.

[0041] A guide post 42 is inserted and installed on the side of the tool holder 4 near the scroll groove 131, and the other end of the guide post 42 is inserted into the scroll groove 131 and can move along it.

[0042] The tool holder 4 is provided with a tool holder body 5, and the two tool holder bodies 5 cooperate to clamp the tool head 2; preferably, the tool holder body 5 can be pushed along the axial direction to adjust the axial depth of the tool head 2.

[0043] With the above structure, the cutter head 2 is detachable, which makes it easy to replace the cutter head 2 with different materials according to the usage location or material. This avoids the need for whole machine maintenance and replacement due to wear of the one-piece milling cutter head 2, which increases downtime and reduces the risk of debugging and processing.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, a slider 41 is provided on the side of the tool holder 4 near the vortex groove 131, and a sliding groove 31 is provided on the limiting plate 3 to match the slider 41 for sliding, so as to facilitate the sliding opening and closing of the two tool holders 4.

[0045] Furthermore, a corrugated groove 43 is provided axially on the mating surface of the tool holder 4 and the tool holder body 5. The two corrugated grooves 43 are matched and engaged to achieve a tight fit between the tool holder 4 and the tool holder body 5. On the one hand, the corrugated groove 43 can increase the contact area and engagement force between the two, so that the two can fit more tightly and firmly, and cooperate with each other to facilitate the precise positioning of the tool head 2. At the same time, it is also beneficial to improve the impact resistance and vibration resistance of the tool head 2. On the other hand, the corrugated groove 43 can adjust the engagement position between the two, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the axial depth of the tool head 2 and improving the applicability of the tool disc to different tool heads 2.

[0046] Preferably, the corrugated groove 43 includes several single grooves evenly distributed along the tool axis, with the distance between adjacent single grooves not less than 1mm, which facilitates the operator to calculate how much the size has been adjusted each time a single groove is pushed in or pushed out.

[0047] Furthermore, the handle body 5 is also provided with a pressure plate 6 for locking the blade head 2. In this embodiment, the blade head 2 is umbrella-shaped, and a locking groove 21 is provided on the back of the umbrella surface. While the handle body 5 presses the umbrella handle 22, the pressure plate 6 extends into the groove 21 on the back of the blade head 2 to double fix the blade head 2 and improve the firmness of the blade head 2 installation.

[0048] Based on the above structure, a center seat 7 is provided on the side of the tool holder 1 away from the spiral groove 131, and a clamping shank 71 is provided on the center seat 7. An adjustment assembly 8 is also provided at the axial center position of the tool holder 1 and the tool holder 4. The adjustment assembly 8 includes a center pin 81, which passes through the driven bevel gear 13. Its top 83 abuts against the end of the handle 22 of the tool head 2. The other end of the center pin 81 is connected to an adjustment block 82. A spring 84 is also sleeved on the outside of the center pin 81. The position of the center pin 81 is adjusted by the spring 84, thereby ensuring that the top 83 abuts against the tool head 2, effectively reducing vibration and improving machining quality.

[0049] When the driving bevel wheel (12) rotates, the driven bevel gear (13) moves accordingly. At this time, the tool holder (4) on the back of the driven bevel gear (13) will move along the spiral groove (131) under the traction of the guide post (42). Since the left and right directions of the tool holder (4) and the guide post (42) are limited by the limiting plate (3); at the same time, since the spiral trajectory extends and spreads from the center to the far end, the spiral groove between the two spiral lines also extends from near to far. This spiral groove can squeeze or push the two guide posts (42) apart, so that the tool holder (4) as a whole exhibits the movement in the up and down direction, that is, the two tool holders 4 face each other or move away from each other along the mounting groove of the limiting plate 3, which is used to adjust the radial opening and closing size of the turning and boring cutter to suit different sizes of cutter heads 2.

[0050] The dimensions of the bevel gear and the spiral curve are designed according to the actual adjustment accuracy / sensitivity requirements. Specifically, the spiral groove (131) should adopt an Archimedean spiral. According to the polar equation of the Archimedean spiral, r = a + bθ, when θ = 0, a is the distance from the starting point to the origin of the polar coordinates. b is the value that increases with each unit angle r of the helix. Changing parameter a is equivalent to rotating the helix, while changing parameter b is equivalent to controlling the distance between two adjacent curves.

[0051] The gear ratio of the active bevel gear (12) and the driven bevel gear (13) is determined based on their number of teeth. Then, the parameters of the vortex are determined by combining the control rules of the Archimedes spiral.

[0052] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0053] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A turning, boring, and milling tool with a detachable and adjustable cutter head based on vortex curve control, characterized in that, include: The tool holder (1) has a knob (11) on its side wall and an active bevel gear (12) and a driven bevel gear (13) inside. The knob (11) and the active bevel gear (12) are connected, and the driven bevel gear (13) and the active bevel gear (12) are meshed. The driven bevel gear (13) has a vortex groove (131) that spreads outward from the center on the side away from the teeth. The limiting plate (3) is fitted to the side of the driven bevel gear (13) away from the teeth; a mounting groove is provided in the middle of the limiting plate (3); Two tool holders (4) are slidably installed in the mounting slot of the limiting plate (3). A guide post (42) is inserted and installed on the side of the tool holder (4) near the volute groove (131). The other end of the guide post (42) is inserted into the volute groove (131) and can move along the volute groove (131). Two tool holder bodies (5) are installed on the two tool holders (4) respectively and are used to clamp the tool head (2). When the driving bevel wheel (12) rotates, the driven bevel gear (13) moves accordingly. The tool holder (4) on the back of the driven bevel gear (13) moves along the spiral groove (131) under the traction of the guide post (42). The left and right directions of the tool holder (4) and the guide post (42) are limited by the limiting plate (3). The spiral groove (131) squeezes or pushes the two guide posts (42) apart, so that the tool holder (4) faces each other or moves away from each other along the mounting groove of the limiting plate (3), which is used to adjust the radial opening and closing size of the turning boring and milling cutter to suit different sizes of cutter heads (2). The reduction ratio between the driving bevel gear (12) and the driven bevel gear (13) is determined based on the number of teeth of both. The spiral groove (131) adopts an Archimedean spiral, and the spiral parameters are determined according to the control rules of the Archimedean spiral. The control rules of the Archimedean spiral are as follows: According to the polar coordinate equation of the Archimedean spiral ; hour, The distance from the starting point to the origin of the polar coordinate system. , For each unit angle increase of the spiral The parameters are changed accordingly with the increase in value. Equivalent to rotating a spiral, changing parameters This is equivalent to controlling the distance between two adjacent curves.

2. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder (4) is provided with a slider (41) on the side near the vortex groove (131), and the limiting plate (3) is provided with a sliding groove (31) that is adapted to the slider (41) to achieve sliding.

3. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle body (5) and the handle seat (4) are slidably connected. The handle body (5) can be pushed along the handle seat (4) axially to adjust the axial depth of the cutter head (2).

4. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tool holder seat (4) and the tool holder body (5) are provided with a wave groove (43) along the axial direction on the mating surface.

5. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The corrugated groove (43) includes a number of single grooves evenly distributed along the axial direction, and the distance between adjacent single grooves is not less than 1 mm.

6. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder (1) is provided with a top seat (7) on the side away from the vortex groove (131), and a clamping handle (71) is provided on the top seat (7).

7. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the handle body (5) is fixed with a pressure plate (6) for engaging and clamping the cutter head (2).

8. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cutter head (2) is umbrella-shaped, and a locking groove (21) is provided on the back of the umbrella surface.

9. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustment assembly (8) is provided at the axial center of the tool holder (1). The adjustment assembly (8) includes a push pin (81). One end of the push pin (81) is provided with a push head (83) for abutting the tool head (2). The other end of the push pin (81) is provided with an adjustment block (82). A spring (84) is sleeved on the outside of the push pin (81).

10. The turning and boring milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knob (11) is equipped with a dial.

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