Intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magneto-rheological shear thickening damper for bridge pier and method
By designing an intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers, and utilizing the four-stage combined operation of the main and auxiliary pistons and piston rods, as well as the shear hardening and magnetorheological effect of the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid, the passive collision resistance energy consumption problem of existing bridge pier anti-collision devices is solved, achieving the effect of multiple uses and high-efficiency energy consumption collision resistance and vibration reduction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGSU UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
Smart Images
Figure CN117385819B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of dampers, and more particularly to an intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper and method for bridge piers. Background Technology
[0002] The research and application of shear-thickening materials and magnetorheological materials in bridge pier collision protection are still lacking both domestically and internationally. Currently, the mainstream bridge pier collision protection devices available both domestically and internationally include: steel caisson collision protection devices, flexible steel wire rope loop collision protection devices, composite material energy dissipation collision protection devices, and rubber fender collision protection devices. However, the energy dissipation of these devices is passive, relying solely on structural deformation to offset the impact force from the ship. Furthermore, in steel caisson collision protection devices, as the impact force gradually increases, the ship and the device crush each other, resulting in irreversible damage. This not only harms both devices but may also threaten the overall performance of the bridge pier. While self-floating composite material collision protection devices can achieve collision energy dissipation and a certain degree of self-recovery, their output is much smaller than that of steel caisson devices. Moreover, the failure mode of composite material collision protection devices is brittle, meaning that once they fail, their output will be significantly reduced. Regardless of whether it is a steel caisson or self-floating composite material collision protection device, the damage after failure is enormous, and repair is extremely difficult and costly.
[0003] Although shear-thickening materials can help vibration damping actuators achieve adaptive and self-reinforcing functions based on external load excitation, this is only a passive response to external stimuli, and the performance cannot be directionally controllable. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers designed to withstand ship collisions. Through the coordinated operation and load-bearing of four stages—main and auxiliary pistons and piston rod—the device achieves effective force output targeting different stages of the elastic-plastic deformation of steel. Utilizing the shear hardening and magnetorheological effects of the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid, the damper achieves high-adjustment performance, fast response speed, and intelligent adjustment for high-energy-consuming impact resistance and vibration reduction. By integrating the damper with the anti-collision device in a prefabricated, embedded manner, the load-bearing capacity of the anti-collision device during both elastic and plastic deformation stages is effectively improved, reducing the damage range caused by repeated collisions with bridge piers. This allows the anti-collision device to be reused multiple times to withstand impacts of different ship classes.
[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.
[0006] A smart anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers includes a cylinder, a first piston rod, a second piston rod, and a third piston rod; one end of the first piston rod is connected to an external component, and the other end extends into the cylinder; a first main piston is disposed on the first piston rod; a first auxiliary piston is floatingly disposed on the first piston rod, and the first auxiliary piston is close to the left end of the cylinder.
[0007] One end of the second piston rod is placed inside the first main piston, and the other end extends into a groove on the third piston rod; a second main piston is provided at one end of the third piston rod, and a second auxiliary piston is floating on the third piston rod; the second auxiliary piston is close to the right end of the cylinder; the cylinder is filled with magnetorheological shear thickening liquid.
[0008] In the above scheme, both the first and second auxiliary pistons are provided with displacement hysteresis chambers, and both the first and third piston rods are provided with annular pressure plates; the annular pressure plates are located in the displacement hysteresis chambers.
[0009] In the above scheme, excitation coils are provided on both the first main piston and the second main piston, and damping channels are provided inside the first main piston and the second main piston; the gap between the first auxiliary piston and the second auxiliary piston and the cylinder is a damping channel.
[0010] In the above scheme, the excitation coil has two sets separated by a magnetic isolation ring, which are divided into an inner excitation coil and an outer excitation coil.
[0011] In the above scheme, a third end cap is provided near the right end of the cylinder of the third piston rod; the third end cap is used to support the third piston rod.
[0012] In the above scheme, the first piston rod is connected to an external component through a tenon and mortise plug, and the external component is a pressure plate; the tenon and mortise plug is set on the tenon and mortise insertion fixing device, and the tenon and mortise insertion fixing device is provided with a ball groove, which cooperates with the ball on the pressure plate.
[0013] In the above scheme, the sphere can rotate 0~30° relative to the tenon and mortise joint fixing device.
[0014] In the above scheme, a first end cover and a second end cover are provided on both the left and right sides of the cylinder; a Y-shaped sealing ring is provided between the first end cover and the first piston rod; the second end cover is connected to the fixing plate by tenon and mortise joints.
[0015] In the above scheme, the intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper used for bridge piers is installed inside the anti-collision device. Beneficial effects
[0016] 1. The device of this invention has a progressive four-stage design corresponding to different deformations of the outer steel of the anti-collision device. The first stage corresponds to elastic deformation of the steel, the second stage corresponds to small plastic deformation of the steel, the third stage corresponds to large plastic deformation of the steel, and the fourth stage corresponds to plastic failure of the steel. It provides the advantage of corresponding impact output damping force for different elastic-plastic deformation conditions of the steel, realizing the effect of progressive output and energy consumption of the magnetorheological shear thickening damper in stages, thereby improving the output performance of the anti-collision device within the limited deformation range.
[0017] 2. Addressing the problem of passive impact resistance and energy consumption in traditional bridge pier anti-collision devices, this invention utilizes a magnetorheological shear thickening fluid that combines the coupling effects of shear hardening and magnetorheology. This enables the damper to rapidly absorb and release energy in response to ship collisions, and flexibly adjust the damping force. The damper achieves strong adjustable performance in response to impacts, fast response speed, and intelligent adjustment of the device to resist high-energy-consuming impacts and reduce vibrations.
[0018] 3. The present invention is integrated with the anti-collision device in a modular and embedded manner, which effectively improves the load-bearing capacity of the anti-collision device during the elastic and plastic deformation stages, reduces the damage range caused by repeated collisions between ships and bridge piers, and achieves the effect that the anti-collision device can be used multiple times to cope with collisions of different ship classes.
[0019] 4. The device of this invention is installed inside an anti-collision device, which is mounted on a bridge pier. After the steel of the anti-collision device is compressed and deformed, the corresponding damping force is output through the damper of this invention. In this invention, the properties of the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid are changed by altering the current in the excitation coil, thereby providing the effect of providing the corresponding damping force.
[0020] 5. In this invention, the cylinder head is connected to the pressure plate and cylinder head through ball joints and tenon joints, so that even if the pressure plate in the anti-collision device rotates at a certain angle, the damper can still stably output the corresponding damping force. In addition, the cylinder head is connected to the fixed plate in the anti-collision device through tenon joints, which has strong structural stability. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This invention relates to a schematic diagram of a magnetorheological shear thickening damper structure;
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the piston rod involved in the process;
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-section involved in the process;
[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sections of the first main piston and the first auxiliary piston involved in the process;
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the ball joint involved in the process;
[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tenon mold insert fitting involved in the process;
[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first-stage piston assembly involved in the method of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second-stage piston assembly involved in the method of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third-stage piston assembly involved in the method of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the third-stage piston assembly involved in the method of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit involved in the first excitation coil of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit involved in the second excitation coil of the present invention.
[0033] Figure label:
[0034] 1-Pressure plate; 2-Tenon and tenon joint fixing device; 3-Tenon and tenon plug; 4-First piston rod; 5-First end cap; 6-First main piston; 7-Cylinder; 8-Second piston rod; 9-First auxiliary piston; 10-Second auxiliary piston; 11-Excitation coil; 13-Second main piston; 14-Third piston rod; 15-Second end cap; 17-X sealing ring; 18-Third end cap; 19-Fixing plate; 20-Y sealing ring; 21-Magnetic isolation ring; 22-Damping channel; 23-Magnetorheological shear thickening fluid; 24-Displacement hysteresis chamber; 31-Tenon and tenon fixing groove; 32-Tenon and tenon fixing bolt; 41-Annular pressure plate; 43-Hemispherical hinge. Detailed Implementation
[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0038] A smart anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers includes a cylinder 7, a first piston rod 4, a second piston rod 8, and a third piston rod 14; one end of the first piston rod 4 is connected to an external component, and the other end extends into the cylinder 7; a first main piston 6 is provided on the first piston rod 4; a first auxiliary piston 9 is floatingly provided on the first piston rod 4, and the first auxiliary piston 9 is close to the left end of the cylinder 7.
[0039] One end of the second piston rod 8 is placed inside the first main piston 6, and the other end extends into the groove opened on the third piston rod 14; a second main piston 12 is provided at one end of the third piston rod 14, and a second auxiliary piston 10 is floatingly provided on the third piston rod 14; the second auxiliary piston 10 is close to the right end of the cylinder 7; the cylinder 7 is filled with magnetorheological shear thickening liquid 23.
[0040] In the above scheme, both the first auxiliary piston 9 and the second auxiliary piston 10 are provided with displacement hysteresis chambers 24, and both the first piston rod 4 and the third piston rod 14 are provided with annular pressure plates 41; the annular pressure plates 41 are provided in the displacement hysteresis chambers 24.
[0041] In the above scheme, excitation coils 11 are provided on the first main piston 6 and the second main piston 12, and damping channels 22 are provided inside the first main piston 6 and the second main piston 12; the gap between the first auxiliary piston 9 and the second auxiliary piston 10 and the cylinder 7 is the damping channel 22.
[0042] In the above scheme, the excitation coil 11 has two sets separated by a magnetic isolation ring 21, which are divided into an inner excitation coil and an outer excitation coil.
[0043] In the above scheme, a third end cap 15 is provided near the right end of the cylinder 7 of the third piston rod 14; the third end cap 15 is used to support the third piston rod 14.
[0044] In the above scheme, the first piston rod 4 is connected to the external component through the tenon and mortise plug 3, and the external component is the tenon and mortise insertion fixing device 2; the tenon and mortise plug 3 is set on the tenon and mortise insertion fixing device 2, and the tenon and mortise insertion fixing device 2 is provided with a ball groove, which cooperates with the hemispherical hinge 43 on the pressure plate 1.
[0045] In the above scheme, the hemispherical hinge 43 can rotate 0~30° relative to the tenon and mortise joint fixing device.
[0046] In the above scheme, a first end cover 5 and a second end cover 18 are provided on both the left and right sides of the cylinder 7; a Y-shaped sealing ring is provided between the first end cover 5 and the first piston rod 4; the second end cover 18 is connected to the fixing plate 19 by tenon and mortise inserts.
[0047] Combined with appendix Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers includes a first main piston 6, a second main piston 12, an excitation coil 11, a first auxiliary piston 9, a second auxiliary piston 10, a first piston rod 4, a second piston rod 8, a third piston rod 14, an X sealing ring 17, a Y sealing ring 20, a magnetorheological shear thickening fluid 23, a first end cap 5, a second end cap 15, a third end cap 18, a cylinder 7, a steering half-hing device, and a tenon and mortise joint fixing device; the first main piston 6 and the first auxiliary piston 9 are connected in series with the first piston rod 4, and the second main piston 13 and the second auxiliary piston 10 are connected in series with the second piston rod 14, and both the first auxiliary piston 9 and the second auxiliary piston 10 float on the first piston rod 4 and the second piston rod 14.
[0048] The main piston, auxiliary piston, piston rod, and magnetorheological shear thickening fluid 8 are placed inside the cavity of the cylinder 7. The excitation coils 11 are respectively arranged in the first main piston 6 and the second main piston 12 and are connected to the external current power supply. The steering half-hing device 1 is connected to the tenon and mortise joint fixing device on one side, and this tenon and mortise joint fixing device is connected to the first piston rod 4 by tenon and mortise joint. The tenon and mortise joint device on the other side is connected to the second chamber of the cylinder 7 and the anti-collision device. The first main piston 6 and the second main piston 12 are equipped with dual excitation coils, namely, an inner excitation coil and an outer excitation coil. The first main piston 6 and the second main piston 12 have damping channels 22 and magnetic isolation ring slots. Magnetic isolation rings 21 are provided in the magnetic isolation ring slots. The inner excitation coil and the outer excitation coil are separated by magnetic isolation rings 21.
[0049] A displacement hysteresis chamber 24 is provided between the first auxiliary piston 9 and the second auxiliary piston 10. It is driven by annular pressure plates 41 on the first piston rod 4 and the third piston rod 14. When the displacement is small, the first auxiliary piston 9 and the second auxiliary piston 10 maintain their original state. When the displacement is large, the annular pressure plates 41 on the first piston rod 4 and the third piston rod 14 contact the edge of the displacement hysteresis chamber 24, causing the first auxiliary piston 9 and the second auxiliary piston 10 to work together with the first piston rod 4 and the third piston rod 14. The end of the first piston rod 4 has a tenon-and-mortise joint for fixing the device 2. The first end cap 5, the second end cap 15, and the third end cap 18 are located at the connection point of the cylinder body 7 and are fixed by threaded rotation. Grooves are provided at the piston rod through holes of the first end cap 5 and the second end cap 15 on both sides of the cylinder 7 chamber for setting X-sealing rings 17. A groove is provided at the connection point of the cylinder 7 for setting Y-sealing rings 20. A hemispherical hinge 43 is mounted on the pressure plate 1 of the anti-collision device. A spherical groove is located within the tenon-and-mortise joint fixing device 2, with a rotation angle range of 0-30°. The tenon-and-mortise joint fixing device 2 has a tenon-and-mortise fixing groove 31 and is connected to the first piston rod 4 via a tenon-and-mortise fixing bolt 32. Specifically, one side of the pressure plate 1 is connected to the tenon-and-mortise joint fixing device 2 via a spherical structure, and the tenon-and-mortise joint fixing device 2 is connected to the first piston rod 4 via a tenon-and-mortise insert 3. The other side of the device is fixedly connected via tenons at the bottom of the third end cap 18 and the ends of mortises on the fixing plate 19 of the anti-collision device through tenon-and-mortise joints. An intelligent stepped anti-collision magnetorheological damper for the bridge pier is installed within the anti-collision device and fixed via a tenon-and-mortise joint assembly connection.
[0050] The working method of the intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers includes the following stages:
[0051] In the first stage, when the pressure plate 1 is under pressure, the internal excitation coil on the first main piston 6 is energized, and the first piston rod 4 pushes the first main piston 6 to move to the right, causing the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid 23 to flow in the damping channel 22 on the inner and outer sides of the first main piston 6; through the displacement movement of the first main piston 6 and the energization of the internal excitation coil, the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid 23 undergoes shear hardening and magnetorheological effect, thereby providing the required output damping force;
[0052] In the second stage, as the pressure on the pressure plate 1 continues to increase, the first main piston 6 and the first auxiliary piston 9 work together. Specifically, both the inner and outer excitation coils on the first main piston 6 are energized, and while the first piston rod 4 pushes the first main piston 6 to move to the right, the first auxiliary piston 9 moves to the right under the push of the annular pressure plate 41, causing the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid 23 to flow in the damping channels 22 inside and outside the first main piston 6 and the damping channel 22 outside the auxiliary piston. Through the displacement movement of the first main piston 6, the energization of the excitation coil, and the displacement movement of the first auxiliary piston 9, the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid 23 undergoes shear hardening and magnetorheological effect, thereby providing the required output damping force.
[0053] In the third stage, the pressure on the pressure plate 1 is greater than in the second stage. The first main piston 6, the first auxiliary piston 9, and the second main piston 12 work together. Specifically, both the internal and external excitation coils on the first main piston 6 are energized, and the internal excitation coil on the second main piston 12 is energized. The first piston rod 4 pushes the first main piston 6 and the second piston rod 8 to the right to the bottom of the groove of the third piston rod 14, which in turn drives the third piston rod 14 and the second main piston 12 to move to the right. The first auxiliary piston 9 moves to the right under the push of the annular pressure plate 41. This causes the magnetorheological shear thickening liquid 23 to flow in the damping channels 22 on the first main piston 6, the second main piston 12, and the first auxiliary piston 9, causing shear hardening and magnetorheological effects, thereby providing output damping force.
[0054] In the fourth stage, the pressure on the pressure plate 1 is greater than in the third stage. The first main piston 6, the first auxiliary piston 9, the second main piston 12, and the second auxiliary piston 10 work together. Specifically, the inner and outer excitation coils of the first main piston 6 and the second main piston 12 are energized. The first piston rod 4 pushes the first main piston 6 and the second piston rod 8 to the bottom of the groove of the third piston rod 14, causing the second main piston 12 and the third piston rod 14 to move to the right. The first auxiliary piston 9 and the second auxiliary piston 10 move to the right under the push of the annular pressure plate 41. This causes the magnetorheological shear thickening liquid 23 to flow in the damping channel 22 of the first main piston 6, the second main piston 12, the first auxiliary piston 9, and the second auxiliary piston 10, causing shear hardening and magnetorheological effects, thereby providing output damping force.
[0055] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.
Claims
1. A smart anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers, characterized in that, It includes a cylinder (7), a first piston rod (4), a second piston rod (8), and a third piston rod (14); one end of the first piston rod (4) is connected to an external component, and the other end extends into the cylinder (7); a first main piston (6) is provided on the first piston rod (4); a first auxiliary piston (9) is floatingly provided on the first piston rod (4), and the first auxiliary piston (9) is close to the left end of the cylinder (7); One end of the second piston rod (8) is placed inside the first main piston (6), and the other end extends into the groove opened on the third piston rod (14); one end of the third piston rod (14) is provided with the second main piston (12), and a second auxiliary piston (10) is floatingly provided on the third piston rod (14); the second auxiliary piston (10) is close to the right end of the cylinder (7); the cylinder (7) is filled with magnetorheological shear thickening liquid (23); both the first auxiliary piston (9) and the second auxiliary piston (10) are provided with displacement hysteresis chambers (24), and both the first piston rod (4) and the third piston rod (14) are provided with annular pressure plates (41); the annular pressure plates (41) are provided in the displacement hysteresis chambers (24).
2. The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that, Excitation coils (11) are provided on the first main piston (6) and the second main piston (12), and damping channels (22) are provided inside the first main piston (6) and the second main piston (12); the gap between the first auxiliary piston (9) and the second auxiliary piston (10) and the cylinder (7) is the damping channel (22).
3. The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The excitation coil (11) has two sets separated by a magnetic isolation ring (21), which are divided into an inner excitation coil and an outer excitation coil.
4. The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third piston rod (14) is provided with a third end cap (15) near the right end of the cylinder (7); the third end cap (15) is used to support the third piston rod (14).
5. The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first piston rod (4) is connected to an external component through a tenon and mortise insert (3), and the external component is a tenon and mortise insertion fixing device (2); the tenon and mortise insert (3) is set on the tenon and mortise insertion fixing device (2), and the tenon and mortise insertion fixing device (2) is provided with a ball groove, which cooperates with the hemispherical hinge (43) on the pressure plate (1).
6. The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hemispherical hinge (43) can rotate 0~30° relative to the tenon and mortise insert.
7. The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder (7) is provided with a first end cap (5) and a second end cap (18) on both the left and right sides; a Y-shaped sealing ring is provided between the first end cap (5) and the first piston rod (4); the second end cap (18) is connected to the fixing plate (19) by a tenon and mortise insert.
8. The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers is installed inside the anti-collision device.
9. The method of operating the intelligent anti-ship collision progressive magnetorheological shear thickening damper for bridge piers according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following stages: In the first stage, when the pressure plate (1) is under pressure, the internal excitation coil on the first main piston (6) is energized, and the first piston rod (4) pushes the first main piston (6) to move to the right, so that the magnetorheological shear thickening liquid (23) flows in the damping channel (22) on the inner and outer sides of the first main piston (6); through the displacement movement of the first main piston (6) and the energization of the internal excitation coil, the magnetorheological shear thickening liquid (23) undergoes shear hardening and magnetorheological effect, thereby providing the required output damping force; In the second stage, as the pressure on the pressure plate (1) continues to increase, the first main piston (6) and the first auxiliary piston (9) work together. Specifically, the inner excitation coil and the outer excitation coil on the first main piston (6) are energized, and while the first piston rod (4) pushes the first main piston (6) to move to the right, the first auxiliary piston (9) moves to the right under the push of the annular pressure plate (41), so that the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid (23) flows in the damping channels (22) inside and outside the first main piston (6) and the damping channel (22) outside the auxiliary piston. Through the displacement movement of the first main piston (6), the energization of the excitation coil, and the displacement movement of the first auxiliary piston (9), the magnetorheological shear thickening fluid (23) undergoes shear hardening and magnetorheological effect, thereby providing the required output damping force. In the third stage, the pressure plate (1) is under greater pressure than in the second stage. The first main piston (6), the first auxiliary piston (9), and the second main piston (12) work together. Specifically, the internal excitation coil and the external excitation coil on the first main piston (6) are energized, and the internal excitation coil on the second main piston (12) is energized. The first piston rod (4) pushes the first main piston (6) and the second piston rod (8) to move to the right to the bottom of the groove of the third piston rod (14), which drives the third piston rod (14) and the second main piston (12) to move to the right. The first auxiliary piston (9) moves to the right under the push of the annular pressure plate (41). The magnetorheological shear thickening liquid (23) flows in the damping channel (22) on the first main piston (6), the second main piston (12), and the first auxiliary piston (9), causing shear hardening and magnetorheological effect, thereby providing output damping force. In the fourth stage, the pressure plate (1) is under greater pressure than in the third stage. The first main piston (6), the first auxiliary piston (9), the second main piston (12), and the second auxiliary piston (10) work together. Specifically, the excitation coils inside and outside the first main piston (6) and the second main piston (12) are energized. The first piston rod (4) pushes the first main piston (6) and the second piston rod (8) to the bottom of the groove of the third piston rod (14), causing the second main piston (12) and the third piston rod (14) to move to the right. The first auxiliary piston (9) and the second auxiliary piston (10) move to the right under the push of the annular pressure plate (41). This causes the magnetorheological shear thickening liquid (23) to flow in the damping channel (22) of the first main piston (6), the second main piston (12), the first auxiliary piston (9), and the second auxiliary piston (10), causing shear hardening and magnetorheological effect, thereby providing output damping force.