AlTi5B1 alloy and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, and discloses an AlTi5B1 alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein, according to mass fractions, raw materials for preparing the AlTi5B1 alloy include aluminum ingot 78-82 parts, metal titanium powder 1.9-2.1 parts, potassium fluotitanate 9.5-10.5 parts, potassium fluoborate 8-10 parts, calcium fluoride 20-40 parts, sodium nitrate 20-40 parts and sodium carbonate 20-40 parts; the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, taking aluminum ingot and heating and melting; S2, uniformly mixing the potassium fluotitanate and the potassium fluoborate, adding the melted aluminum ingot in batches, stirring and standing; S3, under the condition of heat preservation, adding the metal titanium powder and stirring; S4, removing surface dross, adding the calcium fluoride, the sodium nitrate and the sodium carbonate, stirring, removing surface dross again and obtaining AlTi5B1 alloy liquid; and S5, refining and purifying the AlTi5B1 alloy liquid ingot or rolling into shape. The comprehensive aluminum titanium boron alloy preparation method can reduce the use amount of fluorides and the emission of harmful substances in the production process, reduce the production cost of raw materials and more easily meet the quality requirements of products.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, in particular to an AlTi5B1 alloy and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Aluminum-titanium-boron alloy refiner is the most widely used grain refining type intermediate alloy in the aluminum alloy industry at present, accounting for more than 75% of the refiner products. The AlTi5B1 alloy is an alloy raw material with the largest use amount in aluminum-titanium-boron wire grain refiners and is widely used in the grain refinement of aluminum and aluminum alloys. The production methods of the Al-Ti-B alloy can be divided into the oxide method, the fluorine salt method and the pure titanium particle method according to different raw materials, and can be divided into the aluminum thermal reduction method, the electrolysis method and the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method according to different process means.

[0003] However, the existing aluminum-titanium-boron alloy preparation method has the following problems in actual industrial production: a large amount of fluorides, especially potassium fluotitanate, is used, which can produce a large amount of harmful substance emissions such as fluoride smoke, is very harmful to the environment and the health of the operating personnel, and has high raw material cost, so it is difficult to simultaneously consider efficient production and product quality in actual production. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the technical problems of:

[0005] At present, a large amount of fluorides is usually required in the process for industrial preparation of the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy, the use amount of the fluorides is large, a large amount of toxic substance emissions are produced, serious environmental hazards are brought, and the development of green industry is not conducive; in addition, the raw material cost of the fluorides and the like is high, and in large-scale industrial production, efficient production is also difficult to realize, that is, the industrial production of the aluminum-titanium-boron alloy is difficult and slow to develop.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0007] The application provides an AlTi5B1 alloy, and raw materials for preparing the AlTi5B1 alloy include 78-82 parts of aluminum ingot, 1.9-2.1 parts of titanium powder, 9.5-10.5 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 8-10 parts of potassium fluoroborate, 20-40 parts of calcium fluoride, 20-40 parts of sodium nitrate and 20-40 parts of sodium carbonate.

[0008] The application further provides a preparation method of the AlTi5B1 alloy, which comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1 taking aluminum ingot and heating and melting;

[0010] S2 uniformly mixing the potassium fluotitanate and the potassium fluoroborate, adding the mixed potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoroborate into the melted aluminum ingot in batches, stirring and standing.

[0011] S3 under the condition of keeping warm, adding metal titanium powder, and stirring;

[0012] S4 removing surface scum, adding calcium fluoride, sodium nitrate and sodium carbonate, stirring, removing surface scum again, and obtaining AlTi5B1 alloy liquid;

[0013] S5 refining the AlTi5B1 alloy liquid ingot or purifying, and rolling into shape.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the heating temperature is 720-800℃.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the feeding speed is 20-50kg / min, and the total feeding time is ≤10min.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the feeding is divided into two batches:

[0017] The first batch of feeding: the added mixed material accounts for 50-65% of the total mass of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoroborate;

[0018] The second batch of feeding: the added mixed material accounts for 35-50% of the total mass of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoroborate.

[0019] Preferably, after each batch of feeding is completed, it is kept still for 2-10min.

[0020] Preferably, after the last batch of feeding is completed, the heating temperature is raised to 820-860℃.

[0021] Preferably, in step S3, the keeping warm temperature is 820-860℃, and after the metal titanium powder is added, the stirring is performed for 20-40min.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are reflected in:

[0023] The comprehensive aluminum titanium boron alloy preparation method can effectively reduce the use amount of fluoride and the emission of harmful substances in the production process, and to a certain extent, reduce the production cost of raw materials, more easily meet the quality requirements of products, and can be widely applied to different types of aluminum and aluminum alloy material grain refiners. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. If the reagents or instruments used are not specified by the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be purchased in the market.

[0025] The application provides a preparation method of an AlTi5B1 alloy.

[0026] (1) aluminum ingot is loaded into a medium frequency furnace and heated to 720-800 DEG C and melted;

[0027] (2) potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate are mixed and batched into the furnace, the total feeding time is not more than 10 min, the feeding speed is 20-50 kg / min, graphite rotor and medium frequency furnace electromagnetic induction stirring are adopted, heating is carried out until the melt reaches 820 DEG C or higher, preferably 820-860 DEG C, after complete melting, 5-10 min is kept;

[0028] (3) the temperature is controlled to be kept at 820-860 DEG C, titanium powder is added, and graphite rotor stirring is adopted for 20-40 min;

[0029] (4) the molten potassium fluoroaluminate on the surface of the melt is removed, a mixture of calcium fluoride, sodium nitrate and sodium carbonate is added, surface dross is removed, and AlTi5B1 alloy liquid is obtained;

[0030] (5) the AlTi5B1 alloy liquid is cast into ingot or refined and purified and rolled into shape.

[0031] In the application, the preparation raw materials of the AlTi5B1 alloy include 78-82 parts of aluminum ingot, 1.9-2.1 parts of titanium powder, 9.5-10.5 parts of potassium fluotitanate, 8-10 parts of potassium fluoborate, 20-40 parts of calcium fluoride, 20-40 parts of sodium nitrate and 20-40 parts of sodium carbonate according to mass fraction.

[0032] The AlTi5B1 alloy preparation method provided by the application can reduce the use amount of potassium fluoroaluminate, reduce the fluoride emission amount and reduce the raw material cost.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The materials are weighed according to the following weight: 794 kg of aluminum ingot, 20 kg of titanium powder, 99 kg of potassium fluotitanate, 87 kg of potassium fluoborate, 400 g of calcium fluoride, 300 g of sodium nitrate and 300 g of sodium carbonate.

[0035] (1) aluminum ingot is loaded into a medium frequency furnace and heated to about 720 DEG C and melted;

[0036] (2) mix the potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate uniformly, add 120 kg of the mixture of the potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate into the intermediate frequency furnace within 5 min, then stir for 10 min by using a graphite rotor, control the rotating speed to be 400 r / min, and then stand still for 5 min; pour out the reaction material on the surface, add 66 kg of the mixture of the potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate within 2 min, then stir by using the graphite rotor, control the rotating speed to be 400 r / min, and heat to 820 ℃ during the stirring process;

[0037] (3) control the temperature to be above 820 ℃, add the titanium metal powder, stir for 30 min, and then stand still for 5 min;

[0038] (4) pour out the reaction material on the surface, add the calcium fluoride, sodium nitrate and sodium carbonate, stir to form slag, knock out the surface layer of the floating slag, and obtain the AlTi5B1 alloy liquid.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Take the materials by weighing as follows: aluminum ingot 780 kg, titanium metal powder 19 kg, potassium fluotitanate 95 kg, potassium fluoborate 80 kg, calcium fluoride 800 g, sodium nitrate 100 g, and sodium carbonate 100 g.

[0041] (1) put the aluminum ingot into the intermediate frequency furnace, heat and melt to about 720 ℃;

[0042] (2) mix the potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate uniformly, add 100 kg of the mixture of the potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate into the intermediate frequency furnace within 5 min, then stir for 10 min by using a graphite rotor, control the rotating speed to be 400 r / min, and then stand still for 3 min; pour out the reaction material on the surface, add 75 kg of the mixture of the potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate within 2 min, then stir by using the graphite rotor, control the rotating speed to be 400 r / min, and heat to 840 ℃ during the stirring process;

[0043] (3) control the temperature to be about 840 ℃, add the titanium metal powder, stir for 25 min, and then stand still for 5 min;

[0044] (4) pour out the reaction material on the surface, add the calcium fluoride, sodium nitrate and sodium carbonate, stir to form slag, knock out the surface layer of the floating slag, and obtain the AlTi5B1 alloy liquid.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Take the materials by weighing as follows: aluminum ingot 820 kg, titanium metal powder 21 kg, potassium fluotitanate 105 kg, potassium fluoborate 95 kg, calcium fluoride 800 g, sodium nitrate 200 g, and sodium carbonate 200 g.

[0047] (1) Put aluminum ingot into the intermediate frequency furnace and heat to melt to about 750℃;

[0048] (2) Mix potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoroborate uniformly, and within 5 min, add 140 kg of the mixture of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoroborate to the intermediate frequency furnace, then stir for 10 min using a graphite rotor at a speed of 400 r / min, and then stand for 3 min; pour out the surface layer of the reactant, and within 2 min, add 60 kg of the mixture of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoroborate, then stir using a graphite rotor at a speed of 400 r / min, and in the stirring process, heat to 860℃;

[0049] (3) Control the temperature to about 860℃, add titanium powder, stir for 20 min, and then stand for 5 min;

[0050] (4) Pour out the surface layer of the reactant, cool to about 780℃, add calcium fluoride, sodium nitrate and sodium carbonate, stir to form slag, and tap the surface layer of the floating slag to obtain AlTi5B1 alloy liquid.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The AlTi5B1 alloy liquid is prepared by a conventional fluosalt method:

[0053] (1) Take Al: 94%, Ti: 5%, and B: 1% as the target ratio, and weigh the industrial aluminum ingot, potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluotitanate respectively;

[0054] First, mix potassium fluoroborate and potassium fluotitanate uniformly, add to the intermediate frequency induction furnace, heat, and after the fluosalt is completely melted, add the block-shaped industrial aluminum ingot;

[0055] (2) Continue to heat the intermediate frequency induction furnace, and after the temperature is greater than 800℃, control the reaction temperature in the furnace to be between 800-850℃, stir, stop the furnace and remove the slag to obtain the aluminum titanium boride alloy liquid.

[0056] Test Example

[0057] The preparation methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 are used to produce AlTi5B1 alloy liquid, and the related process parameters and product results in the preparation process are determined, and the results are as shown in Table 1:

[0058] Table 1 Related process and product parameters for producing AlTi5B1 alloy liquid

[0059]

[0060] Among them, the use amount of potassium fluotitanate refers to the mass percentage of the raw material potassium fluotitanate in the total mass of all raw materials, and the use amount of potassium fluoroborate refers to the mass percentage of the raw material potassium fluoroborate in the total mass of all raw materials.

[0061] From the above Table 1, compared with the conventional fluorosalt method used in Comparative Example 1, the use amount of raw material fluorosalt compound can be obviously reduced based on the improvement of the production process, and the deviation of the content of each target component in the product is smaller. That is, the AlTi5B1 production process provided by the present application reduces the use amount of harmful raw material fluorosalt and reduces harmful waste generated in industrial production on the basis of improving the stability of the content of product components.

[0062] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of producing an AlTi5B1 alloy, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: S1 taking aluminum ingot, heating and melting; S2 mixing potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate uniformly, adding the melted aluminum ingot in batches, the feeding speed is 20-50 kg / min, the total feeding time is ≤10 min, stirring, standing; Wherein, the feeding is divided into two batches: The first batch of feeding: the mixed material accounts for 50-65% of the total mass of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate; The second batch of feeding: the mixed material accounts for 35-50% of the total mass of potassium fluotitanate and potassium fluoborate; After each batch of feeding is finished, it is standing for 2-10 min; after the last batch of feeding is finished, heating and warming to 820-860℃; S3 adding metal titanium powder under the condition of heat preservation, stirring; S4 removing surface dross, adding calcium fluoride, sodium nitrate and sodium carbonate, stirring, removing surface dross again, obtaining AlTi5B1 alloy liquid; S5 casting ingot or refining and purifying the AlTi5B1 alloy liquid, and rolling into shape; According to mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the AlTi5B1 alloy are aluminum ingot 78-82 parts, metal titanium powder 1.9-2.1 parts, potassium fluotitanate 9.5-10.5 parts, potassium fluoborate 8-10 parts, calcium fluoride 20-40 parts, sodium nitrate 20-40 parts, and sodium carbonate 20-40 parts.

2. The method of producing an AlTi5B1 alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, In step S1, the heating temperature is 720-800℃.

3. The method of producing an AlTi5B1 alloy according to claim 1, characterized by, In step S3, the heat preservation temperature is 820-860℃, and after adding the metal titanium powder, stirring for 20-40 min.

4. An AlTi5B1 alloy prepared by the preparation method in any one of claims 1 to 3.

Images