Coal low-temperature crushing multi-component gas monitoring system and device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of coal crushing gas monitoring technology, specifically disclosing a low-temperature coal crushing multi-component gas monitoring system and device. The system includes a coal sample crushing tank with a crushing chamber in the middle. The crushing chamber has an exhaust chamber and an intake chamber at its upper and lower ends, respectively. A motor is fixed to the bottom of the coal sample crushing tank, and a sealing plate is fixed to the bottom of the intake chamber. An output shaft is coaxially fixed to the motor, and the output shaft movably passes through the sealing plate and is fitted with a telescopic outer shaft. A limiting connection mechanism is provided between the output shaft and the telescopic outer shaft. The telescopic outer shaft slides through a dust filter layer and is coaxially fixed with crushing blades. A cylinder cavity is coaxially fitted outside the telescopic outer shaft. This invention enables efficient coal sample crushing and gas monitoring, and allows for cyclic cooling to remove heat generated during the coal sample crushing process, enabling the crushing to be carried out at a low temperature, effectively improving experimental accuracy and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal crushing gas monitoring technology, and in particular to a multi-component gas monitoring system and device for low-temperature coal crushing. Background Technology

[0002] During coal crushing and other processes, gases such as methane and carbon monoxide are frequently released. In the enclosed spaces underground, these gases can easily accumulate, posing a safety hazard to mine operations, leading to shutdowns, and even causing gas explosions, poisoning, and asphyxiation. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the gas generation during coal crushing. However, current experimental setups primarily use coal crushing equipment at room temperature, resulting in high-temperature heating that significantly impacts the accuracy of experimental data. Furthermore, the gases produced after crushing require manual collection for composition analysis, lacking automated monitoring and real-time monitoring of their type and concentration. Additionally, the fixed blades during crushing can cause small coal pieces to jam and damage the instrument, resulting in incomplete crushing and affecting experimental results.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve such problems, we propose a multi-component gas monitoring system and device for low-temperature coal crushing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a multi-component gas monitoring system and device for low-temperature coal crushing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A coal low-temperature crushing multi-component gas monitoring system and device includes a coal sample crushing tank. The coal sample crushing tank has a crushing chamber in the middle. The upper and lower ends of the crushing chamber are respectively provided with an exhaust chamber and an air inlet chamber. The upper and lower ends of the crushing chamber are separated from the exhaust chamber and the air inlet chamber by a dust filter layer. A motor is fixed at the bottom of the coal sample crushing tank. A sealing plate is fixed at the bottom of the air inlet chamber. An output shaft is coaxially fixed to the motor. The output shaft moves through the sealing plate and is fitted with a telescopic outer shaft. A limiting connection mechanism is provided between the output shaft and the telescopic outer shaft. The telescopic outer shaft slides through the dust filter layer and is coaxially fixed with crushing tools.

[0007] A cylinder cavity is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the telescopic outer shaft. The lower end of the cylinder cavity is fixedly connected to a sealing plate. A piston is slidably mounted inside the cylinder cavity. The piston is coaxially fixedly connected to the telescopic outer shaft. Several exhaust holes are provided on the top of the cylinder cavity. The piston is located between the exhaust holes and the bottom of the cylinder cavity. An air inlet is provided on the side of the air inlet chamber. A diverter pipe is connected between the air inlet and the bottom of the cylinder cavity. An intermittent pressurization mechanism is provided on the diverter pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the exhaust chamber is located at the top of the coal sample crushing tank, the interior of the exhaust chamber is filled with a cotton layer, and an air outlet and a pressure sensor are installed at the top of the exhaust chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the coal sample crushing tank is provided with a liquid tank on the outside, the coal sample crushing tank is detachably and fixedly installed inside the liquid tank, and the pressure sensor extends to the outside of the liquid tank.

[0010] Preferably, the dust filter layer consists of two circular metal gaskets and one asbestos pad, with the asbestos pad being fitted between the two circular metal gaskets, and the two circular metal gaskets being fitted and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the coal sample crushing tank.

[0011] Preferably, the coal sample crushing tank is provided with a pipeline inlet corresponding to the motor on its side.

[0012] Preferably, the limiting connection mechanism includes a plurality of oblong holes disposed on the side of the telescopic outer shaft. The plurality of oblong holes are all vertically arranged and are evenly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the telescopic outer shaft. The plurality of oblong holes at the same height are equidistantly distributed. A fixed cylinder is slidably inserted into each of the plurality of oblong holes, and the plurality of fixed cylinders are fixedly connected to the side of the output shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a gap is provided between the top of the output shaft and the top of the telescopic outer shaft, and a spring is vertically provided in the gap, with the two ends of the spring being fixedly connected to the output shaft and the telescopic outer shaft respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the crushing tool includes a three-bladed main blade at the lower end and a three-bladed cutter head at the upper end, the three-bladed cutter head being curved upwards.

[0015] Preferably, the intermittent pressurization mechanism includes an expandable and contractible airbag cavity, and the diversion pipe is divided into two sections. One section is fixedly connected and communicates with the airbag cavity and the cylinder cavity, and the other section is fixedly connected and communicates with the air inlet and the cylinder cavity. The other section is equipped with a one-way air valve, and the air inlet is equipped with a diversion interface that connects to the diversion pipe.

[0016] A coal cryogenic crushing multi-component gas monitoring system includes a nitrogen cylinder, a dry air cylinder, an air pump, a gas sensor, a drying tube, a condenser, a U-tube manometer, a rotor flow meter, a computer, a circulating cooling device, a controller, and a vacuum pump. The air pump, rotor flow meter, condenser, drying tube, gas sensor, and coal sample crushing tank form a loop through a tube wheel. The nitrogen cylinder or dry air cylinder is connected to this loop through a pipeline. The controller is electrically connected to a motor. The gas sensor is electrically connected to the computer. The liquid tank is matched and connected to the circulating cooling device. The U-tube manometer or vacuum pump can be connected and matched to this loop.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The present invention designs a coal sample crushing tank structure, which includes an air intake, extension, crushing and filtering section to fully crush the coal sample, prevent the blade rotation from being obstructed, and further improve the accuracy and efficiency of the experiment.

[0019] 2: In this invention, the gas circulates within the system, enabling real-time monitoring of the composition and concentration changes of the generated gas.

[0020] 3: In this invention, the system can significantly improve the high-temperature heating phenomenon of coal samples during the crushing process. The circulating cooling liquid can remove the heat generated during the crushing process, allowing the coal sample to be crushed in a low-temperature environment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coal sample crushing tank and its internal structure according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the output shaft and telescopic outer shaft of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-blade main blade and the three-blade blade head of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Coal sample crushing container; 2. Crushing chamber; 3. Exhaust chamber; 4. Inlet chamber; 5. Dust filter layer; 6. Motor; 7. Sealing plate; 8. Output shaft; 9. Telescopic outer shaft; 10. Cylinder cavity; 11. Inlet; 12. Diverter pipe; 13. Pipeline inlet; 14. Outlet; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Liquid tank; 17. Circular metal washer; 18. Asbestos pad; 19. Piston; 20. Exhaust port; 21. Waist-shaped hole; 22. Fixed cylinder; 23. Spring; 24. Crushing blade; 25. Three-blade main blade; 26. Three-blade cutter head; 27. Airbag cavity; 28. Nitrogen gas. 29. Gas cylinder; 30. Air pump; 31. Gas sensor; 32. Dryer tube; 33. Condenser; 34. U-tube differential pressure gauge; 35. Rotor flow meter; 36. Computer; 37. Circulating cooling device; 38. Controller; 39. Dry air cylinder; 40. First valve; 41. Second valve; 42. First pipeline; 43. Third valve; 44. Second pipeline; 45. Inlet pipe; 46. Sixth valve; 47. Suction pump; 48. Third pipeline; 49. Seventh valve; 50. Eighth valve; 51. Fourth pipeline; 52. Fifth pipeline; 53. Fifth valve. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0028] Reference Figures 1-5 A coal low-temperature crushing multi-component gas monitoring system and device includes a coal sample crushing tank 1, which is internally divided into multiple layers. A crushing chamber 2 is located in the middle of the coal sample crushing tank 1, where the coal sample to be crushed is placed. An exhaust chamber 3 and an intake chamber 4 are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the crushing chamber 2. The upper and lower ends of the crushing chamber 2 are separated from the exhaust chamber 3 and the intake chamber 4 by dust filter layers 5. The two dust filter layers 5 are used to filter coal dust, effectively preventing coal dust from entering the exhaust chamber 3 and the intake chamber 4. A motor 6 is fixed to the bottom of the coal sample crushing tank 1, and a sealing plate 7 is fixed to the bottom of the intake chamber 4. The sealing plate 7 is located on top of the motor 6, separating the motor 6 into a separate cavity. An output shaft 8 is coaxially fixed to the motor 6. When the motor 6 is started, it drives the output shaft 8 to rotate. The output shaft 8 movably passes through the sealing plate 7 and is fitted with a telescopic outer shaft 9. A limiting connection mechanism is provided between the output shaft 8 and the telescopic outer shaft 9, allowing the output shaft 8 to drive the telescopic outer shaft 9 to rotate. The telescopic outer shaft 9 slides through the dust filter layer 5 and is coaxially fixed with the crushing tool 24. The telescopic outer shaft 9 can drive the crushing tool 24 to rotate, and the crushing tool 24 can perform the operation of crushing coal samples.

[0029] A cylinder cavity 10 is coaxially fitted onto the outside of the telescopic outer shaft 9, meaning the telescopic outer shaft 9 slides through the cylinder cavity 10. The lower end of the cylinder cavity 10 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 7. Inside the cylinder cavity 10, a piston 19 is slidably mounted vertically. The piston 19 has a rubber ring or rubber layer along its edge, and the rubber ring or rubber layer is coated with lubricating oil. The lubricating oil facilitates the sliding of the piston 19 and further ensures sealing, resulting in a good sealing effect when the piston 19 slides with the cylinder cavity 10. The piston 19 is coaxially fixedly connected to the telescopic outer shaft 9. The vertical movement of the piston 19 drives the telescopic outer shaft 9 to move vertically. When the telescopic outer shaft 9 rotates, the piston 19 rotates with it. At this time, the edge of the piston 19 slides and fits against the cylinder cavity 10, effectively ensuring a sealing effect. The cylinder chamber 10 has several exhaust holes 20 at its top. The piston 19 is located between the exhaust holes 20 and the bottom of the cylinder chamber 10. The intake chamber 4 has an intake port 11 on its side. A diverter pipe 12 connects the intake port 11 and the bottom of the cylinder chamber 10. When the diverter pipe 12 is installed, a sealing plug can be installed in the intake port 11 to ensure a sealing effect. The diverter pipe 12 is equipped with an intermittent pressurization mechanism. Part of the gas from the intake port 11 enters the intake chamber 4 and passes through the dust filter layer 5 into the crushing chamber 2, while the other part of the gas enters the cylinder chamber 10 from the bottom through the diverter pipe 12. After passing through the intermittent pressurization mechanism, as the air pressure increases, the piston 19 in the cylinder chamber 10 can be lifted by the air pressure, that is, moved upward. When the height of the piston 19 exceeds the height of the exhaust holes 20, the gas rushes out from the exhaust holes 20, and the piston 19 then moves downward.

[0030] As a technical optimization of the present invention, the exhaust chamber 3 is located at the top of the coal sample crushing tank 1 and can be disassembled and removed. The exhaust chamber 3 is filled with a cotton layer, and an air outlet 14 and a pressure sensor 15 are installed on the top of the exhaust chamber 3. The pressure sensor 15 is used to detect the internal air pressure. The cotton layer and the dust filter layer 5 can prevent coal dust from entering the air outlet 14 with the airflow, thereby avoiding the blockage of the pipeline.

[0031] As an optimized technical solution of the present invention, a liquid tank 16 is provided on the outside of the coal sample crushing tank 1. The coal sample crushing tank 1 is detachably and fixedly installed inside the liquid tank 16, and the pressure sensor 15 extends to the outside of the liquid tank 16. The liquid tank 16 is filled with a cryogenic liquid, which is used to cool the coal sample crushing tank 1 and its internal devices as a whole, effectively dealing with the high-temperature heating phenomenon during coal sample crushing and reducing the impact of temperature on the experiment.

[0032] As a technical optimization of the present invention, the dust filter layer 5 is composed of two circular metal washers 17 and one asbestos pad 18. The asbestos pad 18 is fitted between the two circular metal washers 17. The two circular metal washers 17 are fitted and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the coal sample crushing tank 1. The dust filter layer 5 can effectively filter coal powder and ensure the passage of gas.

[0033] As a technical optimization of the present invention, the side of the coal sample crushing tank 1 is provided with a pipeline inlet 13 corresponding to the motor 6. The pipeline inlet 13 is used for wiring the motor 6. When wiring, a sealing plug can be set on the pipeline inlet 13 to ensure internal sealing.

[0034] As a technical optimization of the present invention, the limiting connection mechanism includes a plurality of oblong holes 21 disposed on the side of the telescopic outer shaft 9. The oblong holes 21 are all vertically arranged and evenly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the telescopic outer shaft 9. The oblong holes 21 at the same height are equidistantly distributed. Each oblong hole 21 is slidably inserted with a fixed cylinder 22, and the fixed cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the side of the output shaft 8. The arrangement of the oblong holes 21 and the fixed cylinders 22 allows the telescopic outer shaft 9 to be driven to rotate by the output shaft 8, and also allows the telescopic outer shaft 9 to move up and down.

[0035] As a technical optimization of the present invention, a gap is provided between the top of the output shaft 8 and the top of the telescopic outer shaft 9, and a spring 23 is vertically provided in the gap. The two ends of the spring 23 are fixedly connected to the output shaft 8 and the telescopic outer shaft 9 respectively, and the spring 23 plays the role of assisting the telescopic outer shaft 9 to reset.

[0036] As a technical optimization of the present invention, the crushing cutter 24 includes a three-bladed main cutter 25 disposed at the lower end and a three-bladed cutter head 26 disposed at the upper end. The three-bladed cutter head 26 is curved upward. The arrangement of the three-bladed main cutter 25 and the three-bladed cutter head 26 can effectively crush the coal sample.

[0037] As a technical optimization of the present invention, the intermittent pressurization mechanism includes an expandable and contractible airbag cavity 27. The diversion pipe 12 is divided into two sections. One section is fixedly connected and communicates with the airbag cavity 27 and the cylinder cavity 10, and the other section is fixedly connected and communicates with the air inlet 11 and the cylinder cavity 10. The other section is equipped with a one-way valve. The air inlet 11 is equipped with a diversion interface that connects with the diversion pipe 12. The gas part entering the air inlet chamber 4 through the air inlet 11 is introduced into the airbag cavity 27 through the diversion pipe 12. The air bladder cavity 27 is elastic and has an external limiting shell. As gas continuously enters, the air bladder cavity 27 gradually increases in size. When it reaches a certain volume, it will not expand further. At this time, the one-way valve prevents the gas from flowing back to the air inlet 11 and allows the gas to enter the cylinder cavity 10. This structure makes full use of the gas entering, and the volume of gas used is very small compared to the total air intake, so its impact on the experiment can be ignored. Afterward, when the gas inside the cylinder cavity 10 reaches a certain pressure, it will gradually push up the piston 19 and discharge it from the exhaust port 20 into the intake cavity 4, which will then be used as gas to rush into the crushing chamber 2.

[0038] A multi-component gas monitoring system for low-temperature coal crushing includes a nitrogen cylinder 28, a dry air cylinder 38, an air pump 29, a gas sensor 30, a drying tube 31, a condenser 32, a U-tube manometer 33, a rotor flowmeter 34, a computer 35, a circulating cooling device 36, a controller 37, and a vacuum pump 46. The air pump 29, rotor flowmeter 34, condenser 32, drying tube 31, and gas sensor 30 form a loop with the coal sample crushing tank 1 via a pipe wheel. The nitrogen cylinder 28 or the dry air cylinder 38 is connected to this loop via piping. The controller 37 is electrically connected to a motor 6 to control the motor's start / stop and power. The gas sensor 30 is electrically connected to the computer 35. A liquid tank 16 is matched and connected to the circulating cooling device 36, which circulates and cools the liquid inside the liquid tank 16 to ensure the liquid inside the liquid tank 16 remains at a low temperature. The U-tube manometer 33 or the vacuum pump 46 can be connected and matched to this loop. Nitrogen cylinder 28 and dry air cylinder 38 are respectively equipped with a first valve 39 and a second valve 40 at their ports. Both the first valve 39 and the second valve 40 are connected to air pump 29 via a first pipe 41. A third valve 42 is installed on the first pipe 41. Rotor flow meter 34 and air pump 29 are connected via a second pipe 43. Rotor flow meter 34 is connected to air inlet 11 via an air inlet pipe 44. A sixth valve 45 is installed on the air inlet 44. Air outlet 14 and condenser 32 are connected via a third pipe 47. A seventh valve 48 is installed on the third pipe 47. One end of the third pipe 47 has a connecting port, and an eighth valve is installed on the connecting port. 49. The U-shaped differential pressure gauge 33 and the air pump 46 can be connected to the interface. One end of the third pipeline 47 is connected to the condenser 32. The condenser 32 and the drying tube 31 are connected through the fourth pipeline 50. The drying tube 31 is connected to the gas sensor 30. The gas sensor 30 is electrically connected to the computer 35 to transmit and monitor detection information. The gas sensor 30 and the first pipeline 41 are connected through the fifth pipeline 51. The fifth pipeline 51 is equipped with a fourth valve 52. One end of the fifth pipeline 51 is separated and equipped with a fifth valve 53. The end of the fifth pipeline 51 connected to the first pipeline 41 is located between the third valve 42 and the air pump 29.

[0039] When using this invention, the system can perform low-temperature crushing experiments on coal samples under N2 or air atmospheres. The dry air is a mixture of 79% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. The main operating steps are as follows:

[0040] 1) N2 atmosphere

[0041] Step 1: Remove the oxide layer from the surface of the coal to expose fresh coal, and break large coal blocks into smaller ones;

[0042] Step 2: Weigh the small coal pieces and put them into the crushing chamber 2. Open valves 42, 45, 48 and 49, and close the other valves. Connect the air pump 46 to the eighth valve 49. Start the air pump 46 and evacuate for three minutes.

[0043] Step 3: Open valves 1 (39), 3 (42), 5 (53), 6 (45), and 7 (48), and close the remaining valves. Immediately introduce N2 into the purging device to make the concentration of gases other than N2 zero.

[0044] Step 4: Check the airtightness of the device. Connect the interface at the eighth valve 49 to the U-tube manometer 33, open the fourth valve 52, the sixth valve 45, the seventh valve 48, and the eighth valve 49, and close the remaining valves. Observe whether the water column in the U-tube manometer 33 changes. If there is no change, the airtightness is good.

[0045] Step 5: Repeat the gas replacement in Step 3, continue to introduce N2 for three minutes, then open the fourth valve 52, the sixth valve 45, and the seventh valve 48, and close the remaining valves. Turn on the gas sensor 30 and the circulating cooling device 36. After stabilization, run the air pump 29 and start the motor 6 to conduct a low-temperature coal crushing experiment. The experimental data can be monitored in real time on the computer 35.

[0046] 2) Dry air

[0047] Step 1: Remove the oxide layer from the surface of the coal to expose fresh coal, and break large coal blocks into smaller ones;

[0048] Step 2: Weigh the small coal pieces and put them into the crushing chamber 2. Open valves 42, 45, 48 and 49, and close the other valves. Connect the air pump 46 to the eighth valve 49. Start the air pump 46 and evacuate for three minutes.

[0049] Step 3: Open valves 1 (39), 3 (42), 5 (53), 6 (45), and 7 (48), and close the remaining valves. Immediately introduce N2 into the purging device to make the concentration of gases other than N2 zero.

[0050] Step 4: Check the airtightness of the device. Connect the interface at the eighth valve 49 to the U-tube manometer 33, open the fourth valve 52, the sixth valve 45, the seventh valve 48, and the eighth valve 49, and close the remaining valves. Observe whether the water column in the U-tube manometer 33 changes. If there is no change, the airtightness is good.

[0051] Step 5: Open valves 52 (fourth), 45 (sixth), 48 (seventh), and 49 (eighth), while closing the remaining valves. Connect the vacuum pump 46 to valve 49 and start it to create a vacuum for three minutes. Next, open valves 40 (second), 42 (third), 53 (fifth), 45 (sixth), and 48 (seventh), while closing the remaining valves. Immediately introduce dry air to completely replace the gas in the device. Then, open valves 52 (fourth), 45 (sixth), and 48, while closing the remaining valves. Turn on gas sensor 30 and circulating cooling device 36. After stabilization, run air pump 29 and start motor 6 to conduct a low-temperature coal crushing experiment. Experimental data can be monitored in real time on computer 35.

[0052] In the aforementioned low-temperature coal crushing experiment, the liquid tank 16 absorbs the heat generated during the coal crushing process, keeping the coal sample in a low-temperature stage during crushing. Driven by the motor 6, the crushing blade 24 can crush the coal sample; the uppermost cotton layer and dust filter layer 5 prevent coal dust from entering the air outlet 14 with the airflow, thus avoiding pipe blockage. Under the continuous action of the air pump 29, gas enters the air inlet chamber 4 through the air inlet 11, then enters the crushing chamber 2 through the dust filter layer 5, carrying out the internal gas, i.e., the gas in the coal sample, and circulates the gas. The gas passes through the condenser 32, the drying tube 31, and the gas sensor 30 in sequence. After passing through the condenser 32, the gas temperature is stabilized at around 5°C, ensuring the stability of the gas sensor 30, and the gas composition is detected after passing through the gas sensor 30. The gas circulation process also cools the internal devices, improving the service life of the device.

[0053] Simultaneously, during the gas introduction process, some gas enters through the diverter pipe 12. As gas continues to enter, the volume of the gas chamber 27 gradually increases. When the gas inside the cylinder chamber 10 reaches a certain value, it gradually pushes up the piston 19. The gas pushes the piston 19 upward, and the spring 23 is compressed accordingly. When the piston 19 reaches the exhaust port 20, the gas pressure is released and discharged into the intake chamber 4. The volume of the gas chamber 27 shrinks, and the piston 19 moves downward under the push of the spring 23. The up-and-down movement of the piston 19 drives the telescopic outer shaft 9 to move up and down, which in turn drives the crushing blade 24 to move up and down. This prevents the coal particles from getting stuck on the blade and ensures that the coal is completely crushed. The intermittent gas pressurization mechanism increases and releases gas at regular intervals to achieve the reciprocating movement of the crushing blade 24. This device makes full use of the gas in the system, and the volume of gas used is very small compared to the entire system, so its impact on the experiment is negligible.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal low-temperature crushing multi-component gas monitoring device, comprising a coal sample crushing tank (1), characterized in that, The coal sample crushing tank (1) is provided with a crushing chamber (2) in the middle. The upper and lower ends of the crushing chamber (2) are respectively provided with an exhaust chamber (3) and an air inlet chamber (4). The upper and lower ends of the crushing chamber (2) are separated from the exhaust chamber (3) and the air inlet chamber (4) by a dust filter layer (5). A motor (6) is fixed at the bottom of the coal sample crushing tank (1). A sealing plate (7) is fixed at the bottom of the air inlet chamber (4). An output shaft (8) is fixed coaxially to the motor (6). The output shaft (8) moves through the sealing plate (7) and is fitted with a telescopic outer shaft (9). A limiting connection mechanism is provided between the output shaft (8) and the telescopic outer shaft (9). The telescopic outer shaft (9) slides through the dust filter layer (5) and is coaxially fixed with a crushing tool (24). The telescopic outer shaft (9) is coaxially fitted with a cylinder cavity (10). The lower end of the cylinder cavity (10) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (7). The cylinder cavity (10) is equipped with a piston (19) that slides up and down inside. The piston (19) is coaxially fixedly connected to the telescopic outer shaft (9). The top of the cylinder cavity (10) is provided with several exhaust holes (20). The piston (19) is located between the exhaust holes (20) and the bottom of the cylinder cavity (10). The side of the air inlet (4) is provided with an air inlet (11). A diverter pipe (12) is connected between the air inlet (11) and the bottom of the cylinder cavity (10). The diverter pipe (12) is provided with an intermittent pressurization mechanism. The exhaust chamber (3) is located at the top of the coal sample crushing tank (1). The exhaust chamber (3) is filled with a cotton layer. An air outlet (14) and a pressure sensor (15) are installed at the top of the exhaust chamber (3). The coal sample crushing tank (1) is provided with a liquid tank (16) on the outside. The coal sample crushing tank (1) is detachably and fixedly installed inside the liquid tank (16). The pressure sensor (15) extends to the outside of the liquid tank (16). The intermittent pressurization mechanism includes an expandable and contractible airbag cavity (27), and a diversion pipe (12) is divided into two sections. One section is fixedly connected to and communicates with the airbag cavity (27) and the cylinder cavity (10), and the other section is fixedly connected to and communicates with the air inlet (11) and the cylinder cavity (10). This section is equipped with a one-way air valve, and the air inlet (11) is equipped with a diversion interface that connects to the diversion pipe (12).

2. The coal low-temperature crushing multi-component gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust filter layer (5) consists of two circular metal gaskets (17) and an asbestos pad (18). The asbestos pad (18) is fitted between the two circular metal gaskets (17), and the two circular metal gaskets (17) are fitted and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the coal sample crushing tank (1).

3. The coal low-temperature crushing multi-component gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal sample crushing tank (1) is provided with a pipeline inlet (13) on the side corresponding to the motor (6).

4. The coal cryogenic crushing multi-component gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting connection mechanism includes several waist-shaped holes (21) set on the side of the telescopic outer shaft (9). The several waist-shaped holes (21) are all vertically arranged. The several waist-shaped holes (21) are evenly distributed at the upper and lower ends of the telescopic outer shaft (9). The several waist-shaped holes (21) at the same height are equidistantly distributed. The several waist-shaped holes (21) are all slidably inserted with fixed cylinders (22). The several fixed cylinders (22) are all fixedly connected to the side of the output shaft (8).

5. The coal cryogenic crushing multi-component gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gap is provided between the top of the output shaft (8) and the top of the telescopic outer shaft (9), and a spring (23) is vertically provided in the gap. The two ends of the spring (23) are fixedly connected to the output shaft (8) and the telescopic outer shaft (9) respectively.

6. The coal cryogenic crushing multi-component gas monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing cutter (24) includes a three-bladed main cutter (25) at the lower end and a three-bladed cutter head (26) at the upper end, the three-bladed cutter head (26) being curved upwards.

7. A multi-component gas monitoring system for low-temperature coal crushing, characterized in that, The coal low-temperature crushing multi-component gas monitoring device described in claims 1-6 is included in the system, which includes a nitrogen cylinder (28), a dry air cylinder (38), an air pump (29), a gas sensor (30), a drying tube (31), a condenser (32), a U-shaped differential pressure gauge (33), a rotor flow meter (34), a computer (35), a circulating cooling device (36), a controller (37), and a vacuum pump (46). The air pump (29), rotor flow meter (34), condenser (32), drying tube (31), gas sensor (30) and coal sample crushing tank (1) form a loop through a tube wheel. The nitrogen cylinder (28) or dry air cylinder (38) is connected to the loop through a pipeline. The controller (37) is electrically connected to the motor (6). The gas sensor (30) is electrically connected to the computer (35). The liquid tank (16) is matched and connected to the circulating cooling device (36). The U-shaped differential pressure gauge (33) or vacuum pump (46) can be connected and matched to the loop.

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