A movable construction equipment and method for pouring a side wall of a cover slab culvert

Abstract

The application discloses a movable construction equipment and method for pouring side walls of a cover plate culvert, and the equipment comprises a control system, equipment one and equipment two, the structures of the equipment one and the equipment two are the same, the equipment one comprises a U-shaped bottom plate, a door-shaped frame, a guide plate, a formwork, a through slot, a hoisting mechanism, a guide hole, a guide rod, a telescopic mechanism, a first laser ranging sensor, a lifting mechanism, a positioning mechanism, a connecting hole, a second laser ranging sensor, a walking mechanism and a leveling mechanism. The method comprises the steps of equipment positioning, formwork positioning and pouring. According to the application, two formworks can be accurately positioned without pulling a bolt, the construction process is simplified, the construction efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the side wall pouring can be ensured to be consistent with the construction drawing, the equipment one and the equipment two are cooperatively matched, and the equipment can be suitable for the side wall pouring of the cover plate culvert with various intervals and various included angles.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of construction machinery, in particular to a movable construction equipment and method for pouring side walls of a cover slab culvert. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the construction of cast-in-place cover slab culvert generally needs to build formwork on the support along the wall body. This construction method has the following shortcomings. First, the quality of formwork assembly is difficult to guarantee. In the wall pouring construction, there are too many formworks, and it is inevitable to encounter formwork size mismatch during assembly. The formwork joint after assembly is not tight, and during the pouring of concrete, problems such as leakage and misalignment occur, the quality of construction joints is difficult to control, and the surface of the formed wall body is not smooth. Second, the workload of support assembly and disassembly is huge, and the safety cannot be guaranteed. The traditional cast-in-place cover slab culvert construction needs to set up scaffolding, and the workload of assembly and disassembly is huge. There is a great safety hazard in the erection of the support. Third, the quality of wall pouring is difficult to guarantee. During the installation of the formwork, it is difficult to accurately judge the distance between the formworks with the naked eye, and the visual construction quality is difficult to guarantee. Fourth, the traditional cover slab culvert construction method has a large workload, requires a lot of materials, has a large time span for construction, and has a high cost. The support construction requires a large amount of support materials, and a large amount of manpower is needed for the assembly and disassembly of the support, which is a very large workload. It will consume a lot of time itself, and the support needs to be pre-pressed, which further prolongs the construction time.

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, some patent documents disclose a way of pouring the side walls of the cover slab culvert by using a trolley. For example, the utility model with the application number CN202223560537.2 discloses a trolley for cast-in-place cover slab culvert wall construction, which comprises a trolley load-bearing track beam, a culvert body construction trolley, the trolley load-bearing track beam is located on the culvert body construction trolley, the bottom of the culvert body construction trolley is provided with a walking trolley, and a walking track for the movement of the walking trolley is laid on the culvert foundation; the culvert body construction trolley is assembled by a plurality of vertical columns and scissor braces between the vertical columns, and the two sides of the culvert body construction trolley form a culvert body construction area; a formwork assembly is located outside the culvert body construction trolley to form a to-be-poured segment of the culvert body, an adjustable bracket is provided between the formwork assembly and the culvert body construction trolley, and an assembly part is provided at the end of the adjustable bracket for assembling the formwork assembly. Although it partially solves the above-mentioned technical problems, it still has the following defects:

[0004] 1. The width of the trolley is limited, and when the width of the cover slab culvert is large, the trolley cannot pour the side walls on both sides at the same time.

[0005] 2. Before pouring, the formwork needs to be adjusted repeatedly in width size to adapt to the width of the wall to be poured. After adjustment, the formwork framework needs to be locked by manual operation with a plurality of pull bolts. After pouring, manual disassembly process is also needed. The whole process is complicated and low in construction efficiency.

[0006] 3. Under special process conditions, when the two sides of the wall to be poured have a certain angle, the device is difficult to accurately adjust the position of the formwork. SUMMARY

[0007] The application provides a cover plate culvert side wall pouring mobile construction equipment and method, which aims to solve the problems 1-3 in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the application is:

[0009] A cover plate culvert side wall pouring mobile construction equipment, comprising a control system, equipment one and equipment two, the structure of equipment one and equipment two is the same, and equipment one and equipment two form a trolley structure through mechanical connection or are used in cooperation through signal connection.

[0010] The equipment one comprises a U-shaped bottom plate, a door-shaped frame, a guide plate and a formwork, the U-shaped bottom plate comprises a bottom plate body and a through slot opened on the bottom plate body and penetrating through the rear end of the bottom plate body, the door-shaped frame spans the through slot and the bottom end of the door-shaped frame is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the U-shaped bottom plate, a hoisting mechanism is arranged on the top of the door-shaped frame, a guide plate is slidably connected to the inner surface of each side wall of the door-shaped frame, a plurality of guide holes are opened on the guide plate, a guide rod is slidably connected in the guide hole, the guide rod is perpendicular to the guide plate, and the inner side end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the outer surface of the formwork.

[0011] A telescopic mechanism is further connected between the outer surface of the formwork and the inner surface of the guide plate, a first laser ranging sensor for detecting the distance between the formwork and the guide plate is arranged on the outer surface of the formwork or the inner surface of the guide plate, a lifting mechanism is connected between the outer side end of the guide plate and the U-shaped bottom plate, the top end of the guide plate is connected with the hoisting mechanism through a rope, and the width of the through slot is greater than the width between the outer surfaces of two guide plates.

[0012] The height of the bottom end of the formwork is lower than the height of the bottom end of the guide plate, the through slot is adapted to the guide plate and the formwork to pass through, the tail end of the through slot is provided with a positioning mechanism for positioning the poured wall surface, the lifting mechanism is used to control the lifting of the guide plate and the formwork and to press the bottom end of the formwork against the construction ground, and the side end of the formwork is uniformly arranged with a plurality of connecting holes for connecting side sealing plates.

[0013] The portal frame is equipped with a second laser ranging sensor on one end facing the culvert. The distance and angle between the first device and the second device are calibrated by the second laser ranging sensor. Both the first device and the second device are equipped with a walking mechanism and a leveling mechanism. The control system is electrically connected to the power supply and is configured to control the leveling mechanism, the walking mechanism, the lifting mechanism, the hoisting mechanism, and the telescopic mechanism. The control system is connected to the first laser ranging sensor, the second laser ranging sensor, and the positioning mechanism via wires.

[0014] Preferably, the mechanical connection refers to connecting Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 through a construction platform, with both ends of the construction platform connected to the ends of the portal frames of Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 facing into the culvert, respectively; the signal connection refers to Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 independently completing the pouring of one side wall of the culvert, while simultaneously calibrating their distance and angle with each other through a second laser ranging sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the gantry frame includes two side plates, which are perpendicular to the U-shaped base plate and whose bottom ends are fixedly connected to the U-shaped base plate. The top ends of the two side plates are fixedly connected to a top plate, and the top surface of the top plate is provided with a lifting mechanism along the front-rear direction.

[0016] The lifting mechanism is connected by a rope that is connected to a guide hole vertically set on the top plate and a pre-set connecting ear at the top of the guide plate. The inner surface of the side plate is provided with a straight groove along the longitudinal direction on the front and rear sides respectively. The outer surface of the guide plate is provided with a slider that works with the straight groove. The straight groove and the slider ensure the parallelism between the guide plate and the side plate.

[0017] Preferably, there are four telescopic mechanisms arranged in a rectangular pattern between the template and the guide plate; there are four second laser ranging sensors arranged in a rectangular pattern on the side surface of the gantry frame; and there are several guide holes arranged in a matrix.

[0018] Preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes a servo cylinder and a connecting seat. The fixed end of the servo cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the guide plate, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the connecting seat. The other end of the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the template.

[0019] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate fixedly disposed at the bottom front and rear of the guide plate outer surface and a first hydraulic cylinder. The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped bottom plate at the edge of the through groove. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed plate. The stroke of the first hydraulic cylinder satisfies the condition that the bottom end of the template is pressed against the ground after the template passes through the through groove. The bottom end of the template is provided with an elastic rubber layer.

[0020] Preferably, the side wall of the gantry frame is equipped with a tilt sensor, which is connected to the control system signal via a wire.

[0021] Preferably, the walking mechanism includes a walking wheel disposed on the lower surface of the U-shaped base plate and a drive mechanism for driving the walking wheel to rotate, wherein the walking wheel is a Mecanum wheel.

[0022] Preferably, the leveling mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder, and there are four second hydraulic cylinders arranged in a rectangular shape. The cylinder barrel of the second hydraulic cylinder passes through the lower surface of the U-shaped base plate near the corner and is fixedly connected to the U-shaped base plate. The piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to a foot plate.

[0023] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes two sets of third laser ranging sensors, which are respectively installed on two side walls at the tail end of the channel and used to detect the distance to the poured wall surface.

[0024] Preferably, the second laser ranging sensor is connected to the side surface of the gantry frame via a gimbal structure.

[0025] A construction method for a mobile construction device for pouring sidewalls of a culvert, using two devices connected by signal links, includes the following steps:

[0026] Step S1: Draw the marking lines of the two side walls of the culvert at the construction location according to the construction drawings, and draw the center line of the marking lines. Set the first detection plate at the center line for the positioning mechanism to detect.

[0027] Step S2: Move Device 1 and Device 2 to the two side wall marking lines respectively. The through groove crosses the marking line. When the two sets of third laser ranging sensors detect that the distance between them and the first detection plate is consistent, it means that the midline of the through groove and the marking line is coplanar. At this time, remove the first detection plate and control the system to drive the walking mechanism of Device 1 and Device 2, so that Device 1 and Device 2 move backward by a set distance respectively, and align the rear end of the template with the starting position of the marking line.

[0028] Step S3: The control system starts the second hydraulic cylinder, which extends and lifts the U-shaped base plate, suspending the traveling wheels. Based on the data from the tilt sensor, the extension and retraction of the four second hydraulic cylinders are adjusted to make the U-shaped base plate horizontal, thereby positioning the gantry frame, guide plate, and template in a vertical position.

[0029] The control system determines whether Device 1 and Device 2 are parallel and opposite based on the detection data of the four second laser ranging sensors. If the distance detected by the four second laser ranging sensors is consistent, it means that the templates of Device 1 and Device 2 are in a parallel and opposite state. If the distance error detected by the four second laser ranging sensors exceeds a certain limit, the marking line is rechecked to see if it is drawn correctly.

[0030] Step S4: The control system activates the telescopic mechanism, causing the servo cylinders on both sides of Equipment 1 or Equipment 2 to extend simultaneously, adjusting the distance between the two templates to the width of the wall to be poured; after adjusting the distance between the two templates, the worker connects the side sealing plates between the side ends of the two templates.

[0031] Step S5: The first hydraulic cylinder retracts, the lifting mechanism loosens the rope, the guide plate and template pass through the through groove, the first hydraulic cylinder continues to retract, pressing the bottom of the template and sealing plate tightly to the ground;

[0032] Step S6: Pour concrete;

[0033] Step S7: After the concrete is formed, the workers remove the two sealing plates of equipment one and equipment two. The telescopic mechanism retracts, separating the template from the poured wall surface. The first hydraulic cylinder extends, the template and guide plate are reset, the second hydraulic cylinder retracts, and the traveling wheels touch the ground.

[0034] Step S8: Device 1 and Device 2 move forward a set distance along a straight line. At this time, the two sets of third laser ranging sensors of the positioning mechanism detect the distance between themselves and the poured wall surface, ensuring that the distances are equal. This ensures that Device 1 and Device 2 always keep the center line of the through groove and the side wall marking line coplanar. When the rear end of the template is about to separate from the poured wall surface, the control system stops Device 1 and Device 2 and starts the leveling mechanism to level Device 1 and Device 2.

[0035] Step S9: The telescopic mechanism is activated to restore the two templates to the same width as the wall. The worker installs the sealing plate at the front end of the template. The lifting mechanism continues to lower the template and press it firmly against the ground. The worker checks the gap between the poured wall and the rear end of the two templates and seals it as needed.

[0036] Step S10: Pour concrete. After the concrete has set, continue the construction of the subsequent walls.

[0037] Preferably, in the construction method, when there is a certain angle between the two side walls, a center line mark is drawn between the two side wall marking lines, and a second detection plate is set on the center line mark. By adjusting the pan-tilt structure, the detection light of the second laser rangefinder is made perpendicular to the second detection plate. The angle between the side wall of the portal frame and the second detection plate is calculated based on the Pythagorean theorem of right triangles, using the distance difference detected by the two sets of second laser rangefinders and the distance between the two sets of second laser rangefinders along the side of the portal frame. The control system controls the templates of device one and device two to always maintain the set angle with the second detection plate.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the mobile construction equipment and method for casting the sidewall of a culvert according to the present invention are as follows:

[0039] This invention can precisely position two templates without the need for tie bolts, simplifying the construction process and improving construction efficiency. At the same time, it can ensure that the side wall pouring is consistent with the construction drawings. Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 work together and can be applied to the pouring of culvert side walls with various spacings and angles. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A front view schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 A side view of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 A top view of the structure during the use of this invention.

[0044] Figure 4 A top view of the U-shaped base plate of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 A side view of the guide plate of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 A side view of the template of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the principle of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the principle of Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

[0049] 01. Equipment 1; 02. Equipment 2; 03. Concrete wall; 04. Marking line on the side wall; 05. Center line; 06. First detection plate; 07. Center line mark; 08. Second detection plate; 09. Front detection light beam; 010. Rear detection light beam; 011. Distance difference; 012. Distance between the front and rear sets of second laser rangefinders along the side of the portal frame; 013. Angle between the side wall of the portal frame and the second detection plate; 1. U-shaped base plate; 1-1. Through groove; 1-2. Third laser rangefinder sensor 2. Side plate; 2-1. Linear slide; 3. Traveling wheel; 4. Second hydraulic cylinder; 5. Foot plate; 6. Tilt sensor; 7. First hydraulic cylinder; 8. Fixing plate; 9. Guide plate; 10. Slider; 11. First laser rangefinder; 12. Guide rod; 13. Template; 13-1. Connecting hole; 14. Servo cylinder; 15. Connecting seat; 16. Connecting ear; 17. Rope; 18. Crane motor; 19. Mounting frame; 20. Roller; 21. Second laser rangefinder; 22. Top plate; 23. Guide hole. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The following description provides a detailed explanation of the embodiments of the present invention in a step-by-step manner. This description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or a specific orientational structure and operation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] A mobile construction device for casting the sidewalls of a culvert, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, it includes a control system, Equipment 1 01 and Equipment 2 02. The control system is not shown in the diagram. The specific form of the control system can be set as needed, such as a split type, where Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 are set up with separate control systems, or Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 can be set up with a single control system.

[0054] The structures of Device 1 and Device 2 are the same. Device 1 and Device 2 are connected by mechanical means to form a trolley structure or are used together by signal connection. The trolley structure has been disclosed in some patent documents, and this invention will not go into detail about it.

[0055] Since Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 have the same structure, only the structure of Equipment 1 will be described: Equipment 1 01 includes a U-shaped base plate 1, a portal frame, a guide plate 9, and a template 13. The U-shaped base plate 1 includes a base plate body and a through groove 1-1 formed on the base plate body and extending through the rear end of the base plate body. The portal frame spans the through groove 1-1, and the bottom end of the portal frame is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped base plate 1. The top of the portal frame is equipped with a lifting mechanism, which is a commonly used device, such as... Figure 1 A lifting mechanism is shown, including a lifting motor 18, a roller 20, and a mounting frame 19. The roller 20 is mounted on two mounting frames 19, which are fixed to the top plate of the portal frame. The output shaft of the lifting motor is fixedly connected to the roller shaft and drives the roller to rotate. A rope 17 is wound around the roller.

[0056] Guide plates 9 are slidably connected to the inner surface of each side wall of the portal frame. Several guide holes 23 are provided on the guide plates 9. Guide rods 12 are slidably connected in the guide holes 23. The guide rods 12 are perpendicular to the guide plates 9. The inner end of the guide rods 12 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the template 13.

[0057] A telescopic mechanism is also connected between the outer surface of the template 13 and the inner surface of the guide plate 9. A first laser range sensor 11 is provided on the outer surface of the template 13 or the inner surface of the guide plate 9 to detect the distance between the template and the guide plate. The guide plate and the template are parallel to each other through the cooperation of the guide hole and the guide rod. The distance between the guide plate and the template can be detected by the first laser range sensor. The distance between the two templates can be controlled by controlling the telescopic mechanism.

[0058] A lifting mechanism is connected between the outer end of the guide plate 9 and the U-shaped base plate 1. The top of the guide plate 9 is connected to the lifting mechanism via a rope 17. The width of the through groove 1-1 is greater than the width between the outer surfaces of the two guide plates 9, so that the guide plates and templates can pass through. The bottom height of the template 13 is lower than the bottom height of the guide plate 9, so that it can be pressed tightly to the ground and avoid grout leakage during pouring.

[0059] The through groove 1-1 is adapted to allow the guide plate and template to pass through. The tail end of the through groove 1-1 is equipped with a positioning mechanism for positioning with the already poured wall surface, ensuring that when the side wall is long, the continuously poured side wall maintains the consistency of direction and size, and avoids misalignment and bending.

[0060] The lifting mechanism controls the lifting of the guide plate 9 and the template 13 and presses the bottom of the template 13 firmly against the construction ground. The template 13 has several evenly spaced connecting holes 13-1 on its side for connecting to the side sealing plates (not shown in the figure). The sealing plates close both ends of the two templates. A second laser rangefinder sensor 21 is installed on the side of the portal frame facing the culvert. Device 1 01 and Device 2 02 use the second laser rangefinder sensor 21 to calibrate their distance and angle to each other, thereby ensuring that the sidewalls are constructed according to the construction drawings.

[0061] Both Equipment 1 01 and Equipment 2 02 are equipped with a walking mechanism and a leveling mechanism. The control system is electrically connected to the power supply and is configured to control the leveling mechanism, walking mechanism, lifting mechanism, hoisting mechanism and telescopic mechanism. The control system is connected to the first laser rangefinder, the second laser rangefinder and the positioning mechanism via wires.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] Based on Example 1, this example further discloses:

[0064] The mechanical connection method refers to connecting Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 through a construction platform, with both ends of the construction platform connected to the ends of the portal frames of Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 facing into the culvert, respectively; the implementation method can be referred to the existing patent literature in the background section.

[0065] The signal connection method refers to the following: Device 1 and Device 2 independently complete the pouring of one side wall of the culvert, while at the same time, the distance and angle between them are calibrated by the second laser range sensor 21.

[0066] Example 3:

[0067] Based on Example 2, this example further discloses:

[0068] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the portal frame includes two side plates 2, which are perpendicular to the U-shaped base plate 1 and whose bottom ends are fixedly connected to the U-shaped base plate 1. A top plate 22 is fixedly connected to the top ends of the two side plates 2. A lifting mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the top plate 22 along the front-rear direction. A rope 17 connected to the lifting mechanism is connected to a connecting lug 16 pre-set at the top end of a guide plate 9 through a guide hole vertically provided on the top plate 22. Straight grooves 2-1 are provided longitudinally on the front and rear sides of the inner surface of the side plates 2. A slider 10, which cooperates with the straight grooves 2-1, is provided on the outer surface of the guide plate 9. The straight grooves and slider 10 ensure parallelism between the guide plate and the side plates.

[0069] like Figure 1 , 6As shown, there are 4 telescopic mechanisms, which are arranged in a rectangular pattern between the template and the guide plate. There are 4 second laser ranging sensors 21, which are arranged in a rectangular pattern on the side surface of the gantry frame. There are a number of guide holes 23, which are arranged in a matrix.

[0070] Example 4:

[0071] Based on Example 3, this example further discloses:

[0072] like Figure 1 , 6 As shown, the telescopic mechanism includes a servo cylinder 14 and a connecting seat 15. The fixed end of the servo cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the guide plate 9, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 15. The other end of the connecting seat 15 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the template 13. The distance between the two templates is adjusted by the telescopic movement of the servo cylinder.

[0073] like Figure 1 , 5 As shown, the lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate 8 fixedly disposed at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the outer surface of the guide plate and a first hydraulic cylinder 7. The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped base plate 1 at the edge of the through groove 1-1. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed plate. The stroke of the first hydraulic cylinder 7 satisfies the following condition: after the template 13 passes through the through groove 1-1, the bottom end of the template 13 is pressed tightly against the ground. The bottom end of the template is provided with an elastic rubber layer (not shown in the figure) to prevent grout leakage during the pouring process.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, the side wall of the gantry frame is equipped with a tilt sensor 6, which is connected to the control system signal via a wire.

[0075] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the walking mechanism includes a walking wheel 3 disposed on the lower surface of the U-shaped base plate 1 and a drive mechanism (not shown in the figure) for driving the walking wheel to rotate. The walking wheel 3 is a Mecanum wheel. The structure and principle of the drive mechanism driving the walking wheel are existing technologies.

[0076] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the leveling mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder 4. There are four second hydraulic cylinders 4 arranged in a rectangular shape. The cylinder barrel of the second hydraulic cylinder 4 passes through the lower surface of the U-shaped base plate 1 near the corner and is fixedly connected to the U-shaped base plate 1. The piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected to a foot plate 5.

[0077] Example 5:

[0078] Based on Example 4, this example further discloses:

[0079] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the positioning mechanism includes two sets of third laser ranging sensors 1-2, which are respectively installed on the two side walls at the tail end of the channel and used to detect the distance to the poured wall surface. Its operating principle is described in the following embodiment.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, the second laser rangefinder 21 is connected to the side surface of the gantry frame via a gimbal structure. The gimbal structure facilitates adjustment of the angle of the detection beam from the second laser rangefinder, enabling precise positioning even when the side wall is tilted.

[0081] Example 6:

[0082] Based on Example 5, this example further discloses:

[0083] A construction method for a mobile construction device for pouring sidewalls of a culvert, using two devices connected by signal links, includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S1: As Figure 7 As shown, mark lines 04 for the two side walls of the culvert are drawn at the construction location according to the construction drawings, and the midpoint line 05 of the mark lines is drawn. A first detection plate 06 is set at the midpoint line 05 for the positioning mechanism to detect.

[0085] Step S2: Move Equipment 1 01 and Equipment 2 02 to the two side wall marking lines respectively. The through groove 1-1 crosses the marking line 04. When the two sets of third laser ranging sensors 1-2 detect that the distance between them and the first detection plate 06 is consistent, it means that the midpoint line of the through groove 1-1 and the marking line 04 is coplanar. At this time, remove the first detection plate 06, and control the system to drive the walking mechanism of Equipment 1 and Equipment 2, so that Equipment 1 01 and Equipment 2 02 move backward by a set distance respectively, and align the rear end of the template 13 with the starting position of the marking line 04. In this step, the ground at the construction location should be leveled in advance.

[0086] Step S3: As Figures 1-3 As shown, the control system activates the second hydraulic cylinder 4, which extends and lifts the U-shaped base plate 1, suspending the traveling wheels. Based on the data from the tilt sensor 6, the extension and retraction of the four second hydraulic cylinders 4 are adjusted to make the U-shaped base plate 1 horizontal, thereby positioning the gantry frame, guide plate 9, and template 13 in a vertical position.

[0087] The control system determines whether Device 1 and Device 2 are parallel and opposite based on the detection data of the four second laser ranging sensors 21. If the distances detected by the four second laser ranging sensors 21 are consistent, it means that the templates of Device 1 and Device 2 are in a parallel and opposite state. If the distance error detected by the four second laser ranging sensors exceeds a certain limit, the marking lines are rechecked to see if they are drawn correctly. That is, it is possible that the marking lines on the two side walls are drawn at an angle.

[0088] Step S4: The control system starts the telescopic mechanism, so that the servo cylinders 14 on both sides of the equipment 1 01 or equipment 2 02 extend simultaneously, and adjust the distance between the two templates 13 to the width of the wall to be poured; after adjusting the distance between the two templates 13, the worker connects the side sealing plate between the side ends of the two templates, that is, connects the sealing plate to the connection hole 13-1 by bolts.

[0089] Step S5: The first hydraulic cylinder 7 retracts, the lifting mechanism loosens the rope, the guide plate 9 and template 13 pass through the through groove, the first hydraulic cylinder 7 continues to retract, pressing the template 13 and the bottom end of the sealing plate tightly to the ground; wherein, the lifting mechanism works in conjunction with the action of the first hydraulic cylinder, and at the same time, the lifting mechanism is also used to move the guide plate and template after the stroke of the first hydraulic cylinder has exceeded the stroke.

[0090] Step S6: Pour concrete;

[0091] Step S7: After the concrete is formed, the workers remove the two sealing plates of equipment 1 01 and equipment 2 02. The telescopic mechanism retracts, separating the template 13 from the poured wall surface. The first hydraulic cylinder 7 extends, the template 13 and guide plate 9 are reset, the second hydraulic cylinder 4 retracts, and the traveling wheels touch the ground.

[0092] Step S8: Device 1 01 and Device 2 02 move forward a set distance in a straight line. At this time, the two sets of third laser ranging sensors 1-2 of the positioning mechanism detect the distance between themselves and the poured wall surface, ensuring that the distances are equal. This ensures that Device 1 01 and Device 2 02 always keep the through groove 1-1 and the center line 05 of the side wall marking line 04 coplanar. When the rear end of the template is about to separate from the poured wall surface (the position here can be set as needed), the control system stops Device 1 01 and Device 2 02 and starts the leveling mechanism to level Device 1 and Device 2.

[0093] Step S9: The telescopic mechanism is activated to restore the two templates 13 to the same width as the wall. The worker installs the sealing plate at the front end of the template. The lifting mechanism continues to lower the template 13 and press it firmly against the ground. The worker checks the gap between the poured wall and the rear end of the two templates 13 and seals it as needed.

[0094] Step S10: Pour concrete. After the concrete has set, continue the construction of the subsequent walls.

[0095] Example 7:

[0096] Based on Example 6, this example further discloses:

[0097] like Figure 8 As shown, in the construction method, when there is a certain angle between the two side walls, a center line mark 07 is drawn between the two side wall mark lines 04, and a second detection plate 08 is set on the center line mark 07.

[0098] By adjusting the gimbal structure, the detection rays of the second laser rangefinder (the detection ray 09 on the front side and the detection ray 010 on the rear side) are made perpendicular to the second detection plate 08. The distance difference 011 detected by the two sets of second laser rangefinders and the distance 012 between the two sets of second laser rangefinders along the side of the portal frame are used. The angle 013 between the side wall of the portal frame and the second detection plate is calculated according to the Pythagorean theorem of right triangles. The control system controls the templates of device 1 01 and device 2 02 to always maintain the set angle with the second detection plate 08, that is, the angle 013 between the side wall of the portal frame and the second detection plate.

[0099] This embodiment provides a construction method when two side walls have a certain angle between them, which is especially suitable for the side walls of segmented buildings. It can ensure that the side walls are constructed in accordance with the construction drawings and improve the construction quality.

[0100] Based on the above embodiments, it can be seen that the present invention can accurately position two templates without the need for tie bolts, which simplifies the construction process and improves construction efficiency. At the same time, it can ensure that the side wall pouring is consistent with the construction drawings. The equipment one and equipment two work together and can be applied to the side wall pouring of culverts with various spacings and angles.

[0101] It should be noted that the servo cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, and other structures of the present invention can be replaced with other mechanical structures as needed, and their number can be adjusted as needed to meet strength requirements. The template of the present invention can be configured as a deformation-resistant structure according to existing technology, such as by setting crossbeams and longitudinal beams on the outside of the template, which will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A mobile construction device for casting the sidewalls of a culvert, characterized in that: It includes a control system, Equipment 1, and Equipment 2. Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 have the same structure. Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 are connected by mechanical means to form a trolley structure or are used together by signal connection. The device includes a U-shaped base plate, a portal frame, a guide plate, and a template. The U-shaped base plate includes a base plate body and a through groove formed on the base plate body and extending through the rear end of the base plate body. The portal frame spans the through groove and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped base plate. The top of the portal frame is equipped with a lifting mechanism, and a guide plate is slidably connected to the inner surface of each side wall of the portal frame. The guide plate is provided with several guide holes, and a guide rod is slidably connected in the guide holes. The guide rod is perpendicular to the guide plate, and the inner end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the template. A telescopic mechanism is also connected between the outer surface of the template and the inner surface of the guide plate. A first laser ranging sensor for detecting the distance between the template and the guide plate is provided on the outer surface of the template or the inner surface of the guide plate. A lifting mechanism is connected between the outer end of the guide plate and the U-shaped base plate. The top of the guide plate is connected to the lifting mechanism via a rope. The width of the through groove is greater than the width between the outer surfaces of the two guide plates. The height of the bottom end of the template is lower than the height of the bottom end of the guide plate. The through groove is adapted to allow the guide plate and template to pass through. The tail end of the through groove is equipped with a positioning mechanism for positioning with the already poured wall surface. The lifting mechanism is used to control the lifting of the guide plate and the template and to press the bottom of the template with the construction ground. The side end of the template is evenly arranged with several connecting holes for connecting the side sealing plate. The side end of the portal frame facing the inside of the cover culvert is equipped with a second laser ranging sensor. The distance and angle between the first device and the second device are calibrated by the second laser ranging sensor. Both the first device and the second device are equipped with a walking mechanism and a leveling mechanism. The control system is electrically connected to the power supply and is configured to control the leveling mechanism, walking mechanism, lifting mechanism, hoisting mechanism, and telescopic mechanism. The control system is connected to the first laser rangefinder, the second laser rangefinder, and the positioning mechanism via wires.

2. The mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical connection method refers to connecting Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 through a construction platform, with both ends of the construction platform connected to the ends of the portal frames of Equipment 1 and Equipment 2 facing into the culvert, respectively. The signal connection method refers to the following: Device 1 and Device 2 independently complete the pouring of one side wall of the culvert, while at the same time, the distance and angle between them are calibrated by the second laser range sensor.

3. The mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The gantry frame includes two side plates, which are perpendicular to the U-shaped base plate and whose bottom ends are fixedly connected to the U-shaped base plate. The top ends of the two side plates are fixedly connected to a top plate. The top plate has one lifting mechanism on each of the front and rear directions. The rope connected to the lifting mechanism is connected to the connecting ear at the top of the guide plate through the guide hole vertically set on the top plate. The inner surface of the side plate has a straight slide groove on the front and rear sides respectively. The outer surface of the guide plate has a slider that works with the straight slide groove. The straight slide groove and the slider ensure the parallelism between the guide plate and the side plate. There are four telescopic mechanisms arranged in a rectangular pattern between the template and the guide plate. There are four second laser rangefinders arranged in a rectangular pattern on the side surface of the gantry frame. There are several guide holes arranged in a matrix.

4. The mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism includes a servo cylinder and a connecting seat. The fixed end of the servo cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the guide plate, and the telescopic end is fixedly connected to the connecting seat. The other end of the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the template. The lifting mechanism includes a fixed plate and a first hydraulic cylinder fixedly disposed on the bottom front and rear parts of the outer surface of the guide plate. The fixed end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the U-shaped bottom plate at the edge of the through groove. The telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder extends vertically upward and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed plate. The stroke of the first hydraulic cylinder satisfies the following condition: after the template passes through the through groove, the bottom end of the template is pressed tightly against the ground. The bottom end of the template is provided with an elastic rubber layer.

5. The mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the gantry frame is equipped with a tilt sensor, which is connected to the control system signal via a wire.

6. The mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The walking mechanism includes a walking wheel disposed on the lower surface of the U-shaped base plate and a drive mechanism for driving the walking wheel to rotate. The walking wheel is a Mecanum wheel. The leveling mechanism includes four second hydraulic cylinders arranged in a rectangular pattern. The cylinder barrels of the two second hydraulic cylinders penetrate the lower surface of the U-shaped base plate near the corner and are fixedly connected to the U-shaped base plate. The piston rod end of the two second hydraulic cylinders is connected to a foot plate.

7. The mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes two sets of third laser ranging sensors, which are respectively installed on two side walls at the end of the channel and used to detect the distance to the poured wall surface.

8. The mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The second laser ranging sensor is connected to the side surface of the gantry frame via a gimbal structure.

9. The construction method of a mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 8, characterized in that: Selecting device one and device two for signal connection includes the following steps: Step S1: Draw the marking lines of the two side walls of the culvert at the construction location according to the construction drawings, and draw the center line of the marking lines. Set the first detection plate at the center line for the positioning mechanism to detect. Step S2: Move Device 1 and Device 2 to the two side wall marking lines respectively. The through groove crosses the marking line. When the two sets of third laser ranging sensors detect that the distance between them and the first detection plate is consistent, it means that the midline of the through groove and the marking line is coplanar. At this time, remove the first detection plate and control the system to drive the walking mechanism of Device 1 and Device 2, so that Device 1 and Device 2 move backward by a set distance respectively, and align the rear end of the template with the starting position of the marking line. Step S3: The control system starts the second hydraulic cylinder, which extends and lifts the U-shaped base plate, suspending the traveling wheels. Based on the data from the tilt sensor, the extension and retraction of the four second hydraulic cylinders are adjusted to make the U-shaped base plate horizontal, thereby positioning the gantry frame, guide plate, and template in a vertical position. The control system determines whether Device 1 and Device 2 are parallel and opposite based on the detection data of the four second laser ranging sensors. If the distance detected by the four second laser ranging sensors is consistent, it means that the templates of Device 1 and Device 2 are in a parallel and opposite state. If the distance error detected by the four second laser ranging sensors exceeds a certain limit, the marking line is rechecked to see if it is drawn correctly. Step S4: The control system activates the telescopic mechanism, causing the servo cylinders on both sides of Equipment 1 or Equipment 2 to extend simultaneously, adjusting the distance between the two templates to the width of the wall to be poured; after adjusting the distance between the two templates, the worker connects the side sealing plates between the side ends of the two templates. Step S5: The first hydraulic cylinder retracts, the lifting mechanism loosens the rope, the guide plate and template pass through the through groove, the first hydraulic cylinder continues to retract, pressing the bottom of the template and sealing plate tightly to the ground; Step S6: Pour concrete; Step S7: After the concrete is formed, the workers remove the two sealing plates of equipment one and equipment two. The telescopic mechanism retracts, separating the template from the poured wall surface. The first hydraulic cylinder extends, the template and guide plate are reset, the second hydraulic cylinder retracts, and the traveling wheels touch the ground. Step S8: Device 1 and Device 2 move forward a set distance along a straight line. At this time, the two sets of third laser ranging sensors of the positioning mechanism detect the distance between themselves and the poured wall surface, ensuring that the distances are equal. This ensures that Device 1 and Device 2 always keep the center line of the through groove and the side wall marking line coplanar. When the rear end of the template is about to separate from the poured wall surface, the control system stops Device 1 and Device 2 and starts the leveling mechanism to level Device 1 and Device 2. Step S9: The telescopic mechanism is activated to restore the two templates to the same width as the wall. The worker installs the sealing plate at the front end of the template. The lifting mechanism continues to lower the template and press it firmly against the ground. The worker checks the gap between the poured wall and the rear end of the two templates and seals it as needed. Step S10: Pour concrete. After the concrete has set, continue the construction of the subsequent walls.

10. The construction method of a mobile construction equipment for casting the sidewall of a culvert as described in claim 9, characterized in that: In the construction method described above, when there is a certain angle between two side walls, a center line mark is drawn between the two side wall marking lines, and a second detection plate is set on the center line mark; By adjusting the gimbal structure to make the detection light of the second laser rangefinder perpendicular to the second detection plate, and by using the distance difference detected by the two sets of second laser rangefinders and the distance between the two sets of second laser rangefinders along the side of the portal frame, the angle between the side wall of the portal frame and the second detection plate is calculated according to the Pythagorean theorem of right triangles. The control system controls the templates of device one and device two to always maintain the set angle with the second detection plate.

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