A shaped charge tube for shaped light surface blasting and a method for installing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a shaped charge tube for shaped charge smooth blasting and a mounting method thereof, which comprises a tube body spliced by a plurality of tube segments; opposite sides in the interior of each tube segment are provided with shaped charge strips, and each tube segment comprises, in sequence, a blasting segment, a charging segment and a lengthening segment; the inner wall of the blasting segment is provided with a plurality of annular first limiting plates which are uniformly distributed; a conical detonation cap is movably assembled in the blasting segment; a first notch part is formed in the surface of the charging segment, and the corresponding central angle of the first notch part on the cross section is an obtuse angle; a second notch part which is in communication with the first notch part is formed in the surface of the lengthening segment, the corresponding central angle of the second notch part on the cross section is an acute angle, and the second notch part extends to the end face of the end of the lengthening segment which is away from the charging segment. The application is used for solving the problems that the existing technology is prone to charging difficulty and interference with the shaped charge effect after the lengthening of the shaped charge tube, and achieving the purposes of reducing the charging difficulty, improving the operation efficiency and the like on the basis of ensuring the stability of the shaped charge direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, specifically to a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, shaped charge blasting technology has been increasingly promoted and applied in tunnel construction. PVC shaped charge tubes are widely used, where emulsion explosives are loaded into the tube, which is then placed into a pre-drilled borehole. The orientation of the shaped charge groove within the tube achieves directional shaped charge blasting. For boreholes with greater depth, detonation at different depths is required within a single borehole. Currently, on construction sites, multiple explosives are typically placed into separate shaped charge tubes, which are then tied to bamboo poles or blasting rods at different lengths before being inserted into the borehole as a whole. This method makes it impossible to accurately determine the orientation of the shaped charge tube after it is inserted into the borehole. The tube may rotate relative to the bamboo pole or blasting rod during insertion, causing the shaped charge direction to deviate from the designed direction.

[0003] To overcome the aforementioned problems, some existing technologies have emerged, such as extending the length of the shaped charge tube and using connectors to splice it together. However, these existing technologies still require loading the explosive from the end of the shaped charge tube. Extending the tube length leads to difficulties in loading the explosive, inconvenience in driving the explosive to the bottom of the tube, and the risk of damage due to long-distance explosive movement. Furthermore, cutting slits in the shaped charge tube's detonation area interferes with the shaped charge effect and reduces the precision of controlled blasting. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the existing shaped charge tubes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method, so as to solve the problems of difficulty in charging and interference with the shaped charge effect that easily occur after lengthening the shaped charge tube in the prior art, and to achieve the purpose of reducing the difficulty of charging and improving the efficiency of operation while ensuring the stability of the shaped charge direction.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A shaped charge tube for smooth blasting includes a tube body spliced ​​from several tube segments; each tube segment has shaped charge strips on opposite sides inside, and each tube segment includes a blasting section, a charge section and a lengthening section connected in sequence.

[0007] The blasting section has several annularly distributed first limiting plates on its inner wall at the end away from the charging section. A conical detonating cap is movably installed inside the blasting section. The first limiting plates are used to restrict the conical detonating cap from leaving the interior of the blasting section.

[0008] The surface of the charge section has a first notch, and the central angle corresponding to the first notch in the cross-section is an obtuse angle;

[0009] The surface of the extension section has a second notch that communicates with the first notch. The central angle of the second notch in the cross-section is an acute angle, and the second notch extends to the end face of the extension section away from the charge section.

[0010] To address the problems of difficulty in charging and interference with the shaped charge effect that easily arise when lengthening the shaped charge tube in existing technologies, this invention first proposes a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting. The tube body of this application is composed of several tube segments spliced ​​together. The specific splicing method is not limited here, and any existing pipe splicing technology that can be implemented by those skilled in the art can be used, such as splicing through threads, snaps, quick connectors, etc. Shaped charge strips are provided on opposite sides within each tube segment, and each tube segment includes a blasting section, a charging section, and a lengthening section distributed sequentially. Therefore, shaped charge strips are distributed within the blasting section, the charging section, and the lengthening section.

[0011] The blasting section has several annularly distributed first limiting plates at its end to prevent the conical detonating cap from falling out of the shaped charge tube. The surface of the charging section has a first notch with an obtuse central angle on its cross-section, which makes the opening of the first notch larger and facilitates the loading of emulsion explosives. The surface of the extension section has a second notch with an acute central angle, so the opening of the second notch is necessarily smaller than that of the first notch. Since the second notch extends to the end face of the extension section away from the charging section, it is convenient to use external tools to enter the second notch and slide it all the way to the first notch, thereby pushing the explosives loaded in the first notch into the blasting section.

[0012] As can be seen, this application obtains the tube body of the shaped charge tube by splicing several tube segments. According to the length of the borehole and the required charging depth, several tube segments of different lengths can be flexibly selected and matched. Explosives are loaded into the tube segments that need to be filled, while the tubes that do not need to be filled with explosives are directly used for lengthening. Since each tube segment has a shaped charge strip, after the tube segments are spliced ​​in the specified orientation, the orientation of the shaped charge strip at the borehole opening is the same as the orientation of the shaped charge strip at the bottom of the borehole. The workers can determine the orientation of the shaped charge strip at the borehole opening, thereby overcoming the problem of uncertain shaped charge direction that may occur when using bamboo poles or rams to send the shaped charge tube into the existing technology. This reduces the uncontrollability of the shaped charge direction and improves the accuracy and precision of shaped charge smooth blasting in tunnel construction. Furthermore, although this application lengthens the traditional shaped charge tube, it also abandons the end-loading method. Instead, the explosive is loaded directly into the charging section adjacent to the blasting section, and then the loaded explosive is pushed into the blasting section by external force. Therefore, the problems of inconvenience in loading explosives due to the long length of the shaped charge tube, and inconvenience in driving the emulsion explosive a long distance from the end to the bottom of the tube, are avoided. The loaded explosive has a shorter movement distance within the tube body in this application, and is less prone to problems such as skin damage caused by friction during long-distance movement. Since this application pushes the loaded explosive into the blasting section, where it is detonated, and the blasting section does not have any notches but maintains a complete annular structure in the circumferential direction, the defects of cutting slits in the detonation area that interfere with the shaped charge effect are also avoided.

[0013] Furthermore, in existing technologies, adjacent explosives are generally connected by detonating cords. However, due to the segmented splicing and segmented loading method used in this application, it is not convenient to directly connect the detonating cord. Therefore, this application has a conical detonating cap movably placed at the front end of the blasting section. In actual use, the explosive closer to the orifice between two adjacent explosives is detonated first, and its detonation energy is transferred to the conical detonating cap. The conical detonating cap instantly breaks through the obstruction of the first limiting plate and continues to move towards the bottom of the orifice, colliding with the explosive closer to the bottom of the orifice and detonating the next explosive. Therefore, the operation method of transferring detonation energy through the conical detonating cap can complement and cooperate with the structural features of this application to ensure the stable use of the shaped charge tube of this application.

[0014] Furthermore, assembly slots for installing shaped charge bars are provided on both opposite sides of the inner wall of the pipe section. One end of the assembly slot is located inside the blasting section, and the other end extends to the end face of the extension section away from the charge section. The two shaped charge bars are slidably fitted in the assembly slots on both sides.

[0015] In existing technologies, the shaped charge strip inside the shaped charge tube is generally directly integrated into the tube body, such as by casting with a specific mold and solidifying it as a single piece. This method is not conducive to fully compressing the explosive when assembling the emulsion explosive, nor is it conducive to ensuring that the explosive is fully filled in the shaped charge tube. This is why, in existing technologies, after loading the explosive, it is necessary to insert a corresponding tool at the end of the shaped charge tube to apply pushing force to the emulsion explosive multiple times. The purpose is not only to compress the volume of the emulsion explosive so that it is at the bottom of the shaped charge tube, but also to improve the full filling of the emulsion explosive in the tube.

[0016] The shaped charge strip in this design uses a prefabricated structure connected to the shaped charge tube. It can be installed separately in each tube section, and the shaped charge strip can be installed from the end of the extension section after the emulsion explosive is loaded. This fully utilizes the characteristics of emulsion explosives used in smooth shaped charge blasting, such as low mechanical sensitivity and strong deformation capability. The shaped charge strip actively achieves full contact with the emulsion explosive, rather than passively squeezing it inward as in traditional processes. This allows for simultaneous compression and compaction of the emulsion explosive during the installation process, significantly improving the filling fullness of the emulsion explosive within the blasting section. Furthermore, since the assembly slot and the second notch extend to the end of the extension section, it is convenient to insert the shaped charge strips on both sides into the corresponding assembly slots from the end of the extension section, and use external tools to drive the shaped charge strips towards the blasting section from the second notch, ensuring rapid and efficient installation of this design.

[0017] Furthermore, in the radial direction, the width of the groove opening of the assembly groove is smaller than the width of the groove bottom; the energy-concentrating strip is V-shaped, with the tip of the V-shape pointing radially inward and the two ends of the V-shape pointing radially outward respectively matching the two side walls of the assembly groove; the bottom end of the energy-concentrating strip is closed by a base plate.

[0018] The width of the assembly slot opening is smaller than the width of the slot bottom to prevent the shaped charge strip from falling off radially. This ensures that the shaped charge strip, entering the assembly slot from the end, can only move axially, avoiding radial movement to guarantee a stable shaped charge effect. The bottom end of the shaped charge strip is closed by a base plate, so that when the shaped charge strip comes into contact with the emulsion explosive, the base plate provides a flat surface to push the emulsion explosive to deform, thereby increasing the contact area, reducing pressure, and improving operational safety.

[0019] Furthermore, the two shaped charge bars within any pipe section are fixedly connected by a second limiting plate and an end connecting plate; the distance between the second limiting plate and the bottom end of the shaped charge bar is equal to 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the total length of the blasting section; the end connecting plate is located at the top of the shaped charge bar.

[0020] This solution, through the second limiting plate and the end connecting plate, ensures the integrity of two opposing shaped charge strips, allowing for simultaneous installation when assembling any section of the shaped charge strip, avoiding the need for separate installation of the two strips and improving installation efficiency. Furthermore, in the shaped charge smooth blasting process for tunnel construction, the loading depth of the emulsion explosive is generally required to be between 1 / 2 and 2 / 3 of the length of the traditional shaped charge tube. This solution sets the distance between the second limiting plate and the bottom end of the shaped charge strip to 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the total length of the blasting section. During the simultaneous loading of the two shaped charge strips, the ends of the strips first contact the sides of the emulsion explosive, causing it to deform. Then, as the shaped charge strip penetrates deeper, the second limiting plate contacts the middle area of ​​the emulsion explosive, propelling it forward. When the shaped charge strip reaches the bottom of its travel, the emulsion explosive is fully inside the blasting section and has sufficiently deformed to contact the blasting section wall, ensuring that the emulsion explosive is located in the bottom 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 area of ​​the blasting section. Therefore, it can be seen that the second limiting plate of this solution not only serves to connect the two opposing shaped charge bars and improve their overall integrity, but also functions as a limiting component to drive the emulsion explosive to a designated position.

[0021] Those skilled in the art should understand that the bottom end of the shaped charge bar mentioned in this application refers to the end of the shaped charge bar facing the bottom of the borehole after it is installed in the corresponding pipe section; conversely, the top end of the shaped charge bar refers to the end of the shaped charge bar facing the borehole opening after it is installed in the corresponding pipe section.

[0022] Furthermore, the end connecting plate has a first strip-shaped hole, the long axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the energy-concentrating strip; it also includes a pushing assembly for pushing the energy-concentrating strip to slide within the assembly groove. The pushing assembly includes a push plate, a first connecting rod connected below the push plate, a first positioning member connected to the first connecting rod, and a first strip-shaped member connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod. The first positioning member cannot pass through the first strip-shaped hole, and the first strip-shaped member matches the first strip-shaped hole. The width of the first connecting rod is less than the width of the second notch. The distance between the first positioning member and the first strip-shaped member is equal to or greater than the thickness of the end connecting plate. The distance between the first positioning member and the push plate is greater than the distance from the assembly groove to the top of the pipe section.

[0023] This solution involves inserting the energy-concentrating strip into the corresponding assembly slot, and then using a pushing assembly to move the energy-concentrating strip towards the blasting section. Specifically, when the end connecting plate is outside the extension section, the first strip-shaped member passes through the first strip-shaped hole until the first positioning member abuts against the surface of the end connecting plate. The pushing assembly is then rotated 90° so that the long axis of the first strip-shaped member is perpendicular to the long axis of the first strip-shaped hole, pushing the push plate and causing the first connecting rod to enter the second notch. The push plate is continuously pushed forward until the energy-concentrating strip is pushed to the bottom of the assembly slot.

[0024] Furthermore, the push plate is rectangular in shape, and the long axis of the push plate is perpendicular to the long axis of the first strip.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a central connecting plate connected between the two energy-concentrating strips. The central connecting plate is located between the second limiting plate and the end connecting plate. A second strip-shaped hole is formed on the central connecting plate, and the major axis of the second strip-shaped hole is perpendicular to the axis of the energy-concentrating strip. It also includes a positioning assembly for positioning the energy-concentrating strip. The positioning assembly includes an arc-shaped plate, a second connecting rod connected below the arc-shaped plate, a second positioning element connected to the second connecting rod, and a second strip-shaped element connected to the bottom of the second connecting rod.

[0026] The second positioning member cannot pass through the second strip hole, and the second strip member matches the second strip hole; the distance between the second positioning member and the second strip hole is equal to or greater than the thickness of the middle connecting plate;

[0027] The long axis of the arc-shaped plate is parallel to the long axis of the second strip; the second connecting rod is located on the concave side of the arc-shaped plate, and the arc-shaped plate matches the first notch; both circumferential ends of the arc-shaped plate are provided with clamping components for clamping the wall of the charge section.

[0028] In existing technologies, emulsion explosives are positioned entirely by the frictional resistance between themselves and the tube wall after being loaded into the shaped charge tube. This inevitably carries a risk of retraction after the applied thrust is released. In this application, due to the presence of a loading section, if the explosive retracts to that section, it may interfere with the shaped charge blasting effect. To overcome this problem, this solution also includes a positioning component. The central connecting plate between the two shaped charge bars enhances the overall integrity of the shaped charge ring and facilitates positioning by the positioning component. When the shaped charge bar reaches the bottom of the assembly slot, the central connecting plate is located at the loading section, facilitating the installation of the positioning component from the first notch. During installation, the second strip-shaped component passes through the second strip-shaped hole until the second positioning component abuts against the surface of the middle connecting plate. The positioning assembly is rotated 90° so that the long axis of the second strip-shaped component is perpendicular to the long axis of the second strip-shaped hole, and the arc-shaped plate is positioned on the first notch. Then, the two ends of the arc-shaped plate are clamped to the two ends of the first notch by the clamping assembly, which can realize the positioning of the positioning assembly and thus the positioning of the shaped charge strip, preventing the shaped charge strip and emulsion explosive from retracting.

[0029] The arc-shaped plate matches the first notch, ensuring that the central angle and radius of the arc-shaped plate are consistent with the first notch. The clamping assembly can clamp the wall of the charging section using any existing technology, and is not limited here.

[0030] Furthermore, a connecting ring is fixedly sleeved at the front end of the pipe segment, and several splicing rods are fixedly connected to the connecting ring. The splicing rods extend forward towards the corresponding pipe segment, and a radially inward positioning ball is provided at the front end of the splicing rod. Several positioning grooves are opened at the rear end of the pipe segment, and the positioning grooves correspond one-to-one with the positioning balls. When two adjacent pipe segments are spliced ​​together, the positioning balls of the latter pipe segment enter the positioning grooves of the former pipe segment one by one.

[0031] This solution specifically defines the splicing structure between adjacent pipe segments. As the front end of the subsequent pipe segment approaches the end of the preceding pipe segment, the splicing rods at the front end of the subsequent pipe segment are radially outwards, and the positioning balls are attached to the outer wall of the end of the preceding pipe segment. As the subsequent pipe segment advances, when its front end approaches the end of the preceding pipe segment, the positioning balls precisely enter their corresponding positioning grooves, thus achieving the splicing between the two adjacent pipe segments. This splicing method ensures that the orientation of the two adjacent pipe segments is consistent, avoiding misalignment that could cause deviation in the energy focusing direction.

[0032] This application also provides a method for installing a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting, including:

[0033] S1. Based on the borehole length and the required charge depth, select several pipe sections of different lengths for length matching;

[0034] S2. Assemble each pipe segment in sequence, and determine whether explosives need to be loaded into the current pipe segment during assembly.

[0035] If the currently spliced ​​pipe segment needs to be filled with explosives: Insert the conical detonating cap into the pipe segment from the rear end of the extension section, and use gravity to make the conical detonating cap slide down into the blasting section until it is blocked by the first limiting plate; put the emulsion explosive into the charging section from the first notch; insert the shaped charge bar into the corresponding assembly slot from the rear end of the extension section, and push the shaped charge bar towards the blasting section until all the emulsion explosive has entered the blasting section; splice the current pipe segment to the rear end of the previous pipe segment;

[0036] If the currently spliced ​​pipe segment does not require explosive loading: insert the conical detonating cap into the pipe segment from the rear end of the matching length section, and use gravity to make the conical detonating cap slide down into the blasting section until it is blocked by the first limiting plate; splice the current pipe segment to the rear end of the previous pipe segment;

[0037] S3. Connect the last emulsion explosive to the detonating cord. The last emulsion explosive refers to the emulsion explosive closest to the borehole opening.

[0038] Furthermore, the method for splicing the current pipe segment to the rear end of the previous pipe segment includes: adjusting the orientation of the current pipe segment to be consistent with the previous pipe segment, gradually bringing the front end of the current pipe segment closer to the rear end of the previous pipe segment, so that each splicing rod at the front end of the current pipe segment is opened up, and the positioning ball on each splicing rod contacts the outer wall of the rear end of the previous pipe segment; continuing to push the current pipe segment forward until each positioning ball enters the positioning groove of the previous pipe segment.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The present invention provides a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method. Workers can determine the orientation of the shaped charge strip at the borehole opening, thereby overcoming the problem of uncertain shaped charge direction that may occur when bamboo poles or rams are used to insert the shaped charge tube in the prior art. This reduces the uncontrollability of the shaped charge direction and improves the accuracy and precision of smooth blasting in tunnel construction.

[0041] 2. The present invention provides a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method, which abandons the method of loading explosives from the end. Instead, the explosives are directly loaded into the charging section adjacent to the blasting section, and then the loaded explosives are pushed into the blasting section by external force. Therefore, the problems of inconvenience in loading explosives due to the long length of the shaped charge tube and inconvenience in driving the emulsion explosives from the end to the bottom of the tube are not present. The loaded explosives have a shorter movement stroke in the tube body of this application, and are not prone to problems such as damage to the outer skin caused by friction during long-distance movement.

[0042] 3. The present invention provides a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method. The explosive is detonated in the blasting section, and the blasting section does not have any gaps or slits, but maintains a complete ring structure in the circumferential direction. Therefore, it avoids the defect of interfering with the shaped charge effect by cutting slits in the detonation area.

[0043] 4. The present invention provides a shaped charge tube for shaped charge blasting and its installation method. By setting a conical detonating cap, it overcomes the technical problem that it is not convenient to directly connect the detonating cord after segment splicing.

[0044] 5. The present invention discloses a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method. After loading emulsion explosive, a shaped charge strip is then installed from the end of the extension section. This fully utilizes the characteristics of emulsion explosive used in smooth blasting, such as low mechanical sensitivity and strong deformation ability. The shaped charge strip actively achieves full contact with the emulsion explosive, rather than passively squeezing the emulsion explosive inward as in traditional processes, so that it makes as much contact as possible between the shaped charge strip and the tube wall. Thus, the emulsion explosive can be compressed and compacted simultaneously during the installation of the shaped charge strip, and the filling fullness of the emulsion explosive in the blasting section can be significantly improved.

[0045] 6. The present invention provides a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method. The second limiting plate not only connects two opposing shaped charge strips and improves their overall integrity, but also serves as a limiting component to drive the emulsion explosive to a designated position.

[0046] 7. The present invention provides a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting and its installation method, which can realize the positioning of the shaped charge strip and avoid the retraction of the shaped charge strip and the emulsion explosive.

[0047] 8. The present invention provides a shaped charge tube for shaped charge blasting and its installation method. The unique splicing method can ensure that the orientation of two adjacent tube sections is consistent, avoiding misalignment that would cause the shaped charge direction to deviate. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and form part of this application, do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the conical detonating cap in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the extension section in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the blasting section in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the charge section in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the extension section in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-concentrating strip in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0060] 1-Blasting section, 2-Charging section, 3-Extension section, 4-Condensing bar, 5-First limiting plate, 6-First notch, 7-Second notch, 8-Assembly groove, 9-Base plate, 10-Second limiting plate, 11-End connecting plate, 12-First strip hole, 13-Push plate, 14-First connecting rod, 15-First strip component, 16-First positioning component, 17-Connecting ring, 18-Splicing rod, 19-Positioning ball, 20-Positioning groove, 21-Arc plate, 22-Middle connecting plate, 23-Second strip hole, 24-Second connecting rod, 25-Second positioning component, 26-Second strip component, 27-Conical detonating cap, 28-Clamping groove. Detailed Implementation

[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] Example 1:

[0063] A type of shaped charge tube for smooth blasting, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes a pipe body spliced ​​together from several pipe sections; each pipe section has a shaped charge bar 4 on both sides inside, and each pipe section includes a blasting section 1, a charging section 2 and a lengthening section 3 connected in sequence.

[0064] The blasting section 1 has several annularly distributed first limiting plates 5 on its inner wall at the end away from the charging section 2. A conical detonating cap 27 is movably installed inside the blasting section 1. The first limiting plates 5 are used to restrict the conical detonating cap 27 from leaving the interior of the blasting section 1.

[0065] The surface of the charge section 2 has a first notch 6, and the central angle corresponding to the first notch 6 in the cross-section is an obtuse angle;

[0066] The surface of the extension section 3 has a second notch 7 that communicates with the first notch 6. The central angle of the second notch 7 in the cross-section is an acute angle, and the second notch 7 extends to the end face of the extension section 3 away from the charge section 2.

[0067] In this embodiment, a connecting ring 17 is fixedly sleeved at the front end of the pipe segment, and a plurality of splicing rods 18 are fixedly connected to the connecting ring 17. The splicing rods 18 extend forward toward the corresponding pipe segment, and a radially inward positioning ball 19 is provided at the front end of the splicing rod 18. A plurality of positioning grooves 20 are opened at the rear end of the pipe segment, and the positioning grooves 20 correspond one-to-one with the positioning balls 19. When two adjacent pipe segments are spliced ​​together, the positioning balls 19 of the latter pipe segment enter the positioning grooves 20 of the former pipe segment one by one.

[0068] Preferably, the connection strength between the first limiting plate 5 and the inner wall of the blasting section 1 is relatively low, such as by intentionally making the connection between the two relatively thin, or by using hot melt spot welding, so as to ensure that the conical detonating cap can stably break through the obstruction of each first limiting plate under the action of the upstream detonation energy. The number of first limiting plates should not be too large, preferably 3 to 6 plates evenly distributed in a ring.

[0069] In this embodiment, the length of the blasting section can be equal to the total length of the traditional shaped charge tube in the shaped charge smooth blasting of tunnel construction, generally 15 to 20 cm.

[0070] In this embodiment, both the energy-concentrating strip and the pipe section are made of PVC material.

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] A shaped charge tube for smooth blasting, based on Example 1, such as... Figures 1 to 9 As shown, assembly slots 8 for installing shaped charge strips 4 are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the pipe section. One end of the assembly slot 8 is located in the blasting section 1, and the other end extends to the end face of the extension section 3 away from the charge section 2. The two shaped charge strips 4 are slidably fitted in the assembly slots 8 on both sides.

[0073] In the radial direction, the width of the groove opening of the assembly groove 8 is smaller than the width of the groove bottom; the energy-concentrating strip 4 is V-shaped, with the tip of the V-shape pointing radially inward and the two radially outward ends of the V-shape respectively matching the two side walls of the assembly groove 8; the bottom end of the energy-concentrating strip 4 is closed by the base plate 9. In this embodiment, the assembly groove 8 is preferably a dovetail groove.

[0074] Two energy-concentrating strips 4 within any pipe section are fixedly connected by a second limiting plate 10 and an end connecting plate 11; the distance between the second limiting plate 10 and the bottom end of the energy-concentrating strip 4 is equal to 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the total length of the blasting section 1; the end connecting plate 11 is located at the top of the energy-concentrating strip 4.

[0075] The end connecting plate 11 has a first strip-shaped hole 12, the long axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the energy-concentrating strip 4. It also includes a pushing assembly for pushing the energy-concentrating strip 4 to slide within the assembly groove 8. The pushing assembly includes a push plate 13, a first connecting rod 14 connected below the push plate 13, a first positioning member 16 connected to the first connecting rod 14, and a first strip-shaped member 15 connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod 14. The first positioning member 16 cannot pass through the first strip-shaped hole 12, and the first strip-shaped member 15 matches the first strip-shaped hole 12. The width of the first connecting rod 14 is less than the width of the second notch 7. The distance between the first positioning member 16 and the first strip-shaped member 15 is equal to or greater than the thickness of the end connecting plate 11. The distance between the first positioning member 16 and the push plate 13 is greater than the distance from the assembly groove 8 to the top of the pipe section. The push plate 13 is cuboid in shape, and its long axis is perpendicular to the long axis of the first strip-shaped member 15. In this embodiment, the first positioning member 16 has a cross-shaped structure.

[0076] In a more preferred embodiment, the front end face of the second limiting plate can be thickened / widened to increase the contact area between the second limiting plate and the emulsion explosive and better propel the emulsion explosive forward as a whole.

[0077] In a more preferred embodiment, the distance between the first positioning member and the first strip member is equal to the thickness of the end connecting plate, so that when the first positioning member abuts against the surface of the end connecting plate, the first strip member is located at the lower end of the end connecting plate. When the pushing assembly is rotated, the upper surface of the first strip member can contact the lower surface of the end connecting plate, so that the first strip member and the first positioning member can clamp the end connecting plate inside, further improving the stability and reliability when pushing the energy-concentrating strip.

[0078] In addition, the opening of the first notch 6 and the second notch 7 must not affect the sliding of the energy-concentrating strip 4 in the assembly groove 8, and the first notch must ensure that the conical detonator cap 27 does not fall off from there.

[0079] Example 3:

[0080] A shaped charge tube for smooth blasting, based on Example 1, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a central connecting plate 22 connecting the two energy-concentrating strips 4. The central connecting plate 22 is located between the second limiting plate 10 and the end connecting plate 11. A second strip-shaped hole 23 is formed on the central connecting plate 22, and the long axis of the second strip-shaped hole 23 is perpendicular to the axis of the energy-concentrating strip 4. It also includes a positioning component for positioning the energy-concentrating strip 4, as shown in the figure. Figure 10As shown, it includes an arc-shaped plate 21, a second connecting rod 24 connected below the arc-shaped plate 21, a second positioning member 25 connected to the second connecting rod 24, and a second strip member 26 connected to the bottom of the second connecting rod 24. The second positioning member 25 cannot pass through the second strip hole 23, and the second strip member 26 matches the second strip hole 23. The distance between the second positioning member 25 and the second strip hole 23 is equal to or greater than the thickness of the middle connecting plate 22. In this embodiment, the second positioning member 25 has a cross-shaped structure.

[0081] The long axis of the arc-shaped plate 21 is parallel to the long axis of the second strip 26; the second connecting rod 24 is located on the concave side of the arc-shaped plate 21, and the arc-shaped plate 21 matches the first notch 6; both circumferential ends of the arc-shaped plate 21 are provided with clamping components for clamping the wall of the charge section 2.

[0082] In a more preferred embodiment, the distance between the second positioning member and the second strip is equal to the thickness of the central connecting plate 22, so that when the second positioning member abuts against the surface of the central connecting plate, the second strip is located at the lower end of the central connecting plate. When the pushing assembly is rotated, the upper surface of the second strip can contact the lower surface of the central connecting plate, so that the second strip and the second positioning member can clamp the central connecting plate inside, further improving the stability of the energy-concentrating strip.

[0083] In addition, the length of the arc-shaped plate 21 is less than the length of the first notch to ensure that the arc-shaped plate can rotate.

[0084] In a more preferred embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, the clamping assembly includes clamping grooves 28 formed on both circumferential end faces of the arc-shaped plate 21. The clamping grooves 28 penetrate the arc-shaped plate 21 axially, and the width of the clamping grooves 28 is equal to or greater than the thickness of the arc-shaped plate 21. Furthermore, structures such as protruding teeth can be provided on the inner wall of the clamping grooves 28 to increase friction and improve clamping stability, or magnetically attracted magnets can be provided on the inner walls of both sides of the clamping grooves 28 to further improve clamping stability.

[0085] Example 4:

[0086] A method for installing a shaped charge tube for smooth blasting, used for installing such... Figures 1 to 10 The shaped charge tube for smooth blasting shown specifically includes:

[0087] S1. Based on the borehole depth and the required charge depth, select several pipe sections of different lengths for length matching; for example, for a borehole depth of 2m and a charge gap of 50cm, select four 50cm long pipe sections for splicing.

[0088] S2. Assemble each pipe segment in sequence, and determine whether explosives need to be loaded into the current pipe segment during assembly.

[0089] If the currently spliced ​​pipe segment needs to be filled with explosives: Insert the conical detonating cap 27 into the pipe segment from the rear end of the extension section 3, and use gravity to make the conical detonating cap 27 slide down into the blasting section 1 until it is blocked by the first limiting plate 5; put the emulsion explosive into the charging section 2 from the first notch 6; insert the shaped charge bar 4 with the end away from the end connecting plate 11 facing forward into the corresponding assembly slot 8 from the rear end of the extension section 3, push the shaped charge bar 4 towards the blasting section 1 until all the emulsion explosive enters the blasting section 1, and position the shaped charge bar 4; splice the current pipe segment to the rear end of the previous pipe segment;

[0090] If the currently spliced ​​pipe segment does not require the loading of explosives: insert the conical detonating cap 27 into the pipe segment from the rear end of the matching long section 3, and use gravity to make the conical detonating cap 27 slide down into the blasting section 1 until it is blocked by the first limiting plate 5; splice the current pipe segment to the rear end of the previous pipe segment;

[0091] S3. Connect the last emulsion explosive to the detonating cord.

[0092] In addition, if the currently spliced ​​pipe section does not require the filling of explosives, shaped charge strips can be installed into the pipe section as needed.

[0093] The method of using a pushing assembly to push the energy-concentrating strip 4 toward the blasting section 1 includes: when the end connecting plate is outside the extension section, the first strip-shaped member passes through the first strip-shaped hole until the first positioning member abuts against the surface of the end connecting plate; the pushing assembly is rotated 90° so that the long axis of the first strip-shaped member is perpendicular to the long axis of the first strip-shaped hole; the push plate is pushed so that the first connecting rod enters the second notch; the push plate is continuously pushed forward until the energy-concentrating strip is pushed to the bottom of the assembly groove.

[0094] The positioning of the energy-concentrating strip 4 using the positioning component includes the following steps: The second strip-shaped member passes through the second strip-shaped hole until it abuts against the surface of the central connecting plate. The positioning component is then rotated 90° so that the long axis of the second strip-shaped member is perpendicular to the long axis of the second strip-shaped hole, and the arc-shaped plate is positioned precisely on the first notch. The two ends of the arc-shaped plate are then clamped at the two ends of the first notch using the clamping component. Alternatively, after installing the positioning component, the pushing component can be rotated 90° to remove the first strip-shaped member 15 from the first strip-shaped hole 12. The pushing component can then be removed entirely from the second notch 7 or the end of the extension section for future use.

[0095] The method of splicing the current pipe segment to the rear end of the previous pipe segment includes: adjusting the orientation of the current pipe segment to be consistent with the previous pipe segment, gradually bringing the front end of the current pipe segment closer to the rear end of the previous pipe segment, so that each splicing rod 18 at the front end of the current pipe segment is opened up, and the positioning ball 19 on each splicing rod 18 contacts the outer wall of the rear end of the previous pipe segment; continuing to push the current pipe segment forward until each positioning ball 19 enters the positioning groove 20 of the previous pipe segment.

[0096] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Additionally, the term "connection" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection via other components.

[0097] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaped charge tube for smooth blasting, characterized in that, It includes a pipe body spliced ​​from several pipe sections; each pipe section has a shaped charge bar (4) on both sides inside, and each pipe section includes a blasting section (1), a charging section (2) and a lengthening section (3) connected in sequence. The blasting section (1) has several annularly distributed first limiting plates (5) on its inner wall at the end away from the charging section (2). A conical detonating cap (27) is movably installed inside the blasting section (1). The first limiting plates (5) are used to restrict the conical detonating cap (27) from leaving the blasting section (1). The surface of the charge section (2) has a first notch (6), and the central angle corresponding to the first notch (6) in the cross-section is an obtuse angle; The surface of the extension section (3) is provided with a second notch (7) that communicates with the first notch (6). The central angle of the second notch (7) on the cross-section is an acute angle, and the second notch (7) extends to the end face of the extension section (3) away from the charge section (2). Assembly slots (8) for installing shaped charge strips (4) are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the pipe section. One end of the assembly slot (8) is located in the blasting section (1), and the other end extends to the end face of the extension section (3) away from the charging section (2). The two shaped charge strips (4) are slidably fitted in the assembly slots (8) on both sides respectively. Two shaped charge bars (4) within any pipe section are fixedly connected by a second limiting plate (10) and an end connecting plate (11); the distance between the second limiting plate (10) and the bottom end of the shaped charge bar (4) is equal to 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 of the total length of the blasting section (1); the end connecting plate (11) is located at the top of the shaped charge bar (4); It also includes a middle connecting plate (22) connecting the two energy-concentrating strips (4), the middle connecting plate (22) being located between the second limiting plate (10) and the end connecting plate (11), the middle connecting plate (22) having a second strip hole (23) with the long axis of the second strip hole (23) perpendicular to the axis of the energy-concentrating strip (4); it also includes a positioning component for positioning the energy-concentrating strip (4), the positioning component including an arc plate (21), a second connecting rod (24) connected below the arc plate (21), a second positioning element (25) connected to the second connecting rod (24), and a second strip element (26) connected to the bottom of the second connecting rod (24), the second positioning element (25) being unable to pass through the second strip hole (23), the second strip element (26) matching the second strip hole (23); the distance between the second positioning element (25) and the second strip element (26) being equal to or greater than the thickness of the middle connecting plate (22); The long axis of the arc plate (21) is parallel to the long axis of the second strip (26); the second connecting rod (24) is located on the concave side of the arc plate (21), and the arc plate (21) matches the first notch (6); both circumferential ends of the arc plate (21) are provided with clamping components for clamping the wall of the charging section (2).

2. The shaped charge tube for smooth blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the radial direction, the width of the groove opening of the assembly groove (8) is smaller than the width of the groove bottom; the energy-concentrating strip (4) is V-shaped, with the tip of the V-shape pointing radially inward and the two ends of the V-shape pointing radially outward respectively matching the two side walls of the assembly groove (8); the bottom end of the energy-concentrating strip (4) is closed by the bottom plate (9).

3. A shaped charge tube for smooth blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end connecting plate (11) has a first strip hole (12) with the long axis of the first strip hole (12) perpendicular to the axis of the energy-concentrating strip (4); it also includes a pushing component for pushing the energy-concentrating strip (4) to slide in the assembly groove (8). The pushing component includes a push plate (13), a first connecting rod (14) connected below the push plate (13), a first positioning member (16) connected to the first connecting rod (14), and a first strip member (15) connected to the bottom of the first connecting rod (14). The first positioning member (16) cannot pass through the first strip hole (12). The first strip member (15) matches the first strip hole (12). The width of the first connecting rod (14) is less than the width of the second notch (7). The distance between the first positioning member (16) and the first strip member (15) is equal to or greater than the thickness of the end connecting plate (11). The distance between the first positioning member (16) and the push plate (13) is greater than the distance from the assembly groove (8) to the top of the pipe section.

4. A shaped charge tube for smooth blasting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The push plate (13) is rectangular, and the long axis of the push plate (13) is perpendicular to the long axis of the first strip (15).

5. A shaped charge tube for smooth blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting ring (17) is fixedly sleeved at the front end of the pipe segment. Several splicing rods (18) are fixedly connected to the connecting ring (17). The splicing rods (18) extend forward of the corresponding pipe segment, and a radially inward positioning ball (19) is provided at the front end of the splicing rod (18). Several positioning grooves (20) are opened at the rear end of the pipe segment. The positioning grooves (20) correspond one-to-one with the positioning balls (19). When two adjacent pipe segments are spliced ​​together, the positioning balls (19) of the latter pipe segment enter the positioning grooves (20) of the former pipe segment one by one.

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