A dust-proof structure for 3D printing equipment

Abstract

A dust-prevention and powder-falling structure for 3D printing equipment includes a powder-falling tank body, a powder-falling fixed shaft, and an eccentric powder-falling buffer plate. The powder-falling fixed shaft is located at the powder inlet of the powder-falling tank body. An eccentric shaft hole is located at a preset position on the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate, which is connected to the powder-falling fixed shaft through the eccentric shaft hole. The eccentric powder-falling buffer plate connected by the powder-falling fixed shaft is in a balanced state, with an angle α between the balanced eccentric powder-falling buffer plate and the horizontal direction. The end of the powder-falling fixed shaft extends beyond the side of the powder-falling tank body and is threaded with a locking nut. The locking nut is locked to the outer wall of the powder-falling tank body to maintain the angle α of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate connected to the powder-falling fixed shaft. This invention controls the powder-falling angle by controlling the weight distribution, effectively changing the powder-falling direction, preventing dust from being raised due to vertical powder fall, ensuring the cleanliness of the printing space, and reducing safety hazards caused by powder cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of 3D printing equipment technology, specifically relating to a dust-proof and powder-falling structure for 3D printing equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, SLM 3D printing equipment directly prints metal powder, with commonly used powder particle sizes ranging from 15-53μm. These powder particles are extremely small and easily generate dust. Dust has a significant impact on both the 3D printing process and the printing equipment itself.

[0003] Among them, the impact on the printing process:

[0004] For 3D printing equipment where the powder dispensing device is positioned above the 3D printer and dispenses powder from top to bottom, a height difference is unavoidable. This height difference is usually determined during the initial design of the equipment and cannot be changed. When the metal powder material is released from the powder dispensing box onto the printing surface via the powder dispensing mechanism, if it is not processed by the intermediate mechanism within the powder dispensing funnel, the metal powder will fall directly onto the printing surface due to gravity. Because the powder particles are extremely small, this easily causes dust pollution, contaminating the entire printing space.

[0005] The impact on printing equipment includes:

[0006] Because 3D printing uses fine metal powders, the equipment itself is less safe during powder cleaning and part removal. Flammable and explosive powders, such as aluminum alloy powder, can easily cause safety hazards to the equipment.

[0007] In conclusion, there is an urgent need for a technical means to control powder dust generated by 3D printing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address this issue, the present invention provides a dust-proof structure for 3D printing equipment, which solves the problem of dust pollution in the printing space caused by the height difference during the top-to-bottom powder spreading action of 3D printing equipment, and the potential safety hazards.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust-proof powder-falling structure for a 3D printing equipment, comprising a powder-falling tank body, a powder-falling fixed shaft, and an eccentric powder-falling buffer plate; the powder-falling fixed shaft is provided at the powder-falling inlet of the powder-falling tank body, and an eccentric shaft hole is provided at a preset position of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate, and the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate is connected to the powder-falling fixed shaft through the eccentric shaft hole;

[0010] The eccentric powder drop buffer plate connected by the powder drop fixed shaft is in a balanced state, and the angle between the eccentric powder drop buffer plate in the balanced state and the horizontal direction is α.

[0011] The end of the powder-discharging fixing shaft extends out of the side of the powder-discharging trough body, and the end of the powder-discharging fixing shaft is threaded with a locking nut.

[0012] The locking nut is locked to the outer wall of the powder dropping trough body so that the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate connected to the powder dropping fixed shaft maintains an included angle α.

[0013] As a preferred solution for the dust and powder prevention structure of 3D printing equipment, the center of the eccentric shaft hole and one end of the eccentric powder buffer plate have a preset distance b, and the center of the eccentric shaft hole and the other end of the eccentric powder buffer plate have a preset distance a.

[0014] Let F be the external force that locks the locking nut and the outer wall of the powder discharge trough body to maintain the eccentric powder discharge buffer plate in a balanced state; let mg be the total weight of the eccentric powder discharge buffer plate.

[0015] The weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate at a preset distance 'a', the weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate at a preset distance 'b', and the external force F have the following relationship:

[0016] b / (a+b)×mg×b / 2=a / (a+b)×mg×a / 2+F×a / 2

[0017] In the formula, b / (a+b)×mg is the weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate at the preset distance b.

[0018] a / (a+b)×mg is the weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate at the preset distance a.

[0019] As a preferred solution for the dust-proof powder-falling structure of 3D printing equipment, the end of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate in a balanced state and the inner wall of the powder-falling inlet of the powder-falling tank body have a first gap f.

[0020] As a preferred solution for the dust and powder prevention structure of 3D printing equipment, the instantaneous velocity of metal powder falling onto the surface of the eccentric powder buffer plate is V0.

[0021] The decomposition rate of the metal powder after passing through the eccentric powder drop buffer plate is V = V0sinα.

[0022] As a preferred solution for dust and powder prevention structure of 3D printing equipment, the functional relationship between the first gap f and the included angle α is: f = a(1-cosα).

[0023] As a preferred solution for dust and powder fall prevention structure of 3D printing equipment, the included angle α between the eccentric powder fall buffer plate and the horizontal direction in the equilibrium state is in the range of 30°≤α≤45°.

[0024] As a preferred solution for the dust-proof structure of 3D printing equipment, the angle α between the eccentric dust-falling buffer plate in a balanced state and the horizontal direction is 30°, 35°, 40° or 45°.

[0025] As a preferred solution for the dust-proof structure of 3D printing equipment, the relationship between the preset distance a of the eccentric dust-falling buffer plate, the preset distance b of the eccentric dust-falling buffer plate and the external force F is: F=(ba) / a×mg.

[0026] As a preferred solution for the dust-proof structure of 3D printing equipment, the relationship between the preset distance a and the preset distance b of the eccentric dust-falling buffer plate is: b = 2a, b = 1.8a or b = 1.5a.

[0027] As a preferred solution for the dust-proof powder-falling structure of 3D printing equipment, a powder-falling box is provided above the powder-falling tank body, and the powder-falling box is connected to the powder-falling tank body through a powder-falling channel; a powder-falling outlet is provided at the lower part of the powder-falling tank body, and the printing plane of the 3D printing equipment is provided at a preset distance below the powder-falling outlet.

[0028] This invention has the following advantages: It comprises a powder-feeding trough body, a powder-feeding fixing shaft, and an eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate. The powder-feeding fixing shaft is located at the powder inlet of the powder-feeding trough body, and an eccentric shaft hole is located at a preset position on the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate. The eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate is connected to the powder-feeding fixing shaft through the eccentric shaft hole. The eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate connected by the powder-feeding fixing shaft is in a balanced state, and the angle between the balanced eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate and the horizontal direction is α. The end of the powder-feeding fixing shaft extends out of the side of the powder-feeding trough body, and a locking nut is threaded onto the end of the powder-feeding fixing shaft. The locking nut is locked to the outer wall of the powder-feeding trough body to maintain the angle α of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate connected to the powder-feeding fixing shaft. This invention controls the powder-feeding angle by controlling the weight distribution, effectively changing the powder-feeding direction of the 3D printing equipment, preventing dust from being generated by vertical powder falling, ensuring the cleanliness of the printing space, and reducing safety hazards caused by powder cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dust and powder prevention structure of the 3D printing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0031] Figure 2This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the dust-proof and powder-falling structure of the 3D printing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the dust-proof and powder-falling structure of the 3D printing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the eccentric powder fall buffer plate in the dust-proof powder fall structure of the 3D printing equipment provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the eccentric design of the eccentric powder fall buffer plate in the dust-proof powder fall structure of the 3D printing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the dust-proof and powder-falling structure of the 3D printing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0036] In the diagram, 1. Toner trough body; 2. Toner fixing shaft; 3. Eccentric toner buffer plate; 4. Eccentric shaft hole; 5. Locking nut; 6. Toner box; 7. Toner channel; 8. Toner outlet; 9. Printing plane. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This invention provides a dust-proof powder-falling structure for a 3D printing device, including a powder-falling tank body 1, a powder-falling fixed shaft 2, and an eccentric powder-falling buffer plate 3; the powder-falling tank body 1 is provided with a powder-falling fixed shaft 2 at the powder-falling inlet, and the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate 3 is provided with an eccentric shaft hole 4 at a preset position, and the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate 3 is connected to the powder-falling fixed shaft 2 through the eccentric shaft hole 4.

[0039] Among them, the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 connected by the powder drop fixed shaft 2 is in a balanced state, and the angle between the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 in the balanced state and the horizontal direction is α.

[0040] Among them, the end of the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2 extends out of the side of the powder-feeding trough body 1, and the end of the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2 is threaded with a locking nut 5.

[0041] Among them, the locking nut 5 and the outer wall of the powder dropping trough body 1 are locked so that the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 connected to the powder dropping fixed shaft 2 maintains the included angle α.

[0042] In this embodiment, the center of the eccentric shaft hole 4 and one end of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 are at a preset distance b, and the center of the eccentric shaft hole 4 and the other end of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 are at a preset distance a; the end of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 in a balanced state and the inner wall of the powder drop inlet of the powder drop trough body 1 have a first gap f.

[0043] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, because the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 is eccentrically designed, under its own weight, the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 rotates around the eccentric shaft hole 4 due to uneven weight distribution. Without external force, the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 tilts to a certain angle α with the horizontal direction, or even becomes perpendicular, to achieve equilibrium. To ensure that the tilt angle of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 and the angle α with the horizontal direction reach the required angle, threads are machined at both ends of the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2. This increases the number of threaded fasteners. Locking nuts 5 are used, and under tightening force, they are tightly fitted to the outer wall of the powder-feeding trough body 1, thereby balancing the frictional force with gravity. Therefore, the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2 uses the friction between itself and the outer wall of the powder-feeding tank body 1 to lock and fix the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2 on both sides of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 to the required position at a specific tilt angle α, so as to determine the final tilt angle position of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3. This changes the original vertical falling direction of the metal powder to an angle with the vertical direction, thereby changing the falling direction and falling speed of the metal powder, and ultimately achieving the effect of reducing dust caused by the falling metal powder.

[0044] See Figure 4 This is a comparative illustration of an eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 and a powder drop buffer plate without an eccentric design. Figure 4 In the process, when the powder drop buffer plate is not eccentrically designed, it has a centrally symmetrical structure. The distance from the right edge of the uneccentric powder drop buffer plate to the inner wall of the powder inlet is g, meaning a second gap g exists. When an eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 is used, the distance from the right edge of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 to the inner wall of the powder inlet is f, meaning a first gap f exists.

[0045] Among them, when the powder drop buffer plate without eccentric design and the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 are of equal length and equal inclination angle, it can be seen that the second gap g is significantly larger than the first gap f. This indicates that the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3 can effectively reduce the gap between the right edge and the inner wall of the powder drop inlet, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of metal powder passing through the gap and further enhancing the powder drop effect of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, let the external force that keeps the locking nut 5 and the outer wall of the powder dropping groove body 1 locked to maintain the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 in a balanced state be F; let the total weight of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 be mg;

[0047] The weight of the preset distance a section of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3, the weight of the preset distance b section of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3, and the external force F have the following relationship:

[0048] b / (a + b)×mg×b / 2 = a / (a + b)×mg×a / 2 + F×a / 2

[0049] In the formula, b / (a + b)×mg is the weight of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 in the preset distance b section;

[0050] a / (a + b)×mg is the weight of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 in the preset distance a section.

[0051] See Figure 5 , specifically, when a = b, the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 is a symmetric structure. Therefore, only when a < b can the eccentric structure requirements be met. Ignoring the uneven mass caused by R1 and R2 to the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 and assuming that the mass of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 is evenly distributed, the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 can be divided with the axis as the boundary. Assuming the total weight of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 is mg, the masses of the a and b sections can be respectively recorded as a / (a + b)×mg and b / (a + b)×mg. To ensure the force balance of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3, an external force F is introduced here. According to the moment balance formula, F and the weights of the a and b sections should satisfy the relationship of b / (a + b)×mg×b / 2 = a / (a + b)×mg×a / 2 + F×a / 2. From this, the relationship between the external force F and a, b can be obtained as F = (b - a) / a×mg.

[0052] It can be seen from F = (b - a) / a×mg that no matter how large the inclination angle α is, as long as the external force F, that is, the friction force between the powder dropping fixed shaft 2 and the outer wall of the powder dropping groove body 1, satisfies the above relationship with the gravity, the powder dropping fixed shaft 2 can achieve force balance, so that the free control of the inclination angle α of the powder dropping fixed shaft 2 can be realized. And the friction force of the powder dropping fixed shaft 2 can be determined by referring to relevant materials according to the characteristics of the material itself.

[0053] Among them, the relationship between the preset distance a and the preset distance b of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate 3 is preferably b = 2a, b = 1.8a or b = 1.5a.

[0054] In this embodiment, the functional relationship between the first gap f and the included angle α is: f = a(1-cosα). The range of the included angle α between the eccentric dust-falling buffer plate 3 in equilibrium and the horizontal direction is: 30°≤α≤45°. According to the definition of the angle of repose, the tilt angle α is generally selected between 30° and 45°, which can control the dust falling effect and effectively avoid dust. In this embodiment, four tilt angles of 30°, 35°, 40° and 45° are selected for dust control.

[0055] See Figure 6 In this embodiment, a powder feeding box 6 is provided above the powder feeding tank body 1, and the powder feeding box 6 is connected to the powder feeding tank body 1 through a powder feeding channel 7; a powder feeding outlet 8 is provided at the lower part of the powder feeding tank body 1, and a printing plane 9 of a 3D printing device is provided at a predetermined distance below the powder feeding outlet 8. The instantaneous velocity of the metal powder falling onto the surface of the eccentric powder feeding buffer plate 3 is V0; the decomposition velocity of the metal powder after passing through the eccentric powder feeding buffer plate 3 is V = V0sinα.

[0056] Specifically, since the distance between the powder-feeding tank body 1 and the printing plane 9 of the equipment is constant, the size of the tilt angle α determines the speed at which the metal powder falls onto the printing surface. Assuming the instantaneous velocity of the metal powder falling onto the surface of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 is V0, according to Newton's second law of motion, the decomposition velocity after passing through the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 should be V = V0sinα. From trigonometric functions, we know that the smaller α is, the smaller V is. Simultaneously, the value of the first gap f also has a certain functional relationship with the tilt angle α, i.e., f = a(1-cosα). Therefore, it can be seen that the smaller α is, the smaller f is, which better meets the usage requirements. However, in order to simultaneously consider the powder-feeding effect and prevent the metal powder from stagnating on the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3, α cannot be too small. Therefore, the tilt angle α is limited, and four values ​​of 30°, 35°, 40°, and 45° are set for dust control.

[0057] In summary, the present invention comprises a powder-discharging trough body 1, a powder-discharging fixing shaft 2, and an eccentric powder-discharging buffer plate 3; the powder-discharging fixing shaft 2 is provided at the powder-discharging inlet of the powder-discharging trough body 1, and an eccentric shaft hole 4 is provided at a preset position of the eccentric powder-discharging buffer plate 3, the eccentric powder-discharging buffer plate 3 is connected to the powder-discharging fixing shaft 2 through the eccentric shaft hole 4; the eccentric powder-discharging buffer plate 3 connected through the powder-discharging fixing shaft 2 is in a balanced state, and the angle between the eccentric powder-discharging buffer plate 3 in the balanced state and the horizontal direction is α; the end of the powder-discharging fixing shaft 2 extends out of the side of the powder-discharging trough body 1, and the end of the powder-discharging fixing shaft 2 is threaded with a locking nut 5; the locking nut 5 is locked to the outer wall of the powder-discharging trough body 1 so that the eccentric powder-discharging buffer plate 3 connected to the powder-discharging fixing shaft 2 maintains the included angle α. Because the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 is eccentrically designed, under its own weight, it rotates around the eccentric shaft hole 4 due to uneven weight distribution. Without external force, the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 tilts to a certain angle α with the horizontal direction, or even becomes perpendicular, before reaching equilibrium. To ensure that the tilt angle α of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 reaches the required angle with the horizontal direction, threads are machined at both ends of the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2. This adds threaded fasteners, and locking nuts 5 are used to tightly fit against the outer wall of the powder-feeding trough body 1 under tightening force, thereby balancing the frictional force with gravity. Therefore, the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2, using the frictional force between itself and the outer wall of the powder-feeding trough body 1, locks the powder-feeding fixing shafts 2 on both sides of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 at a specific inclination angle α to the required position, thus determining the final inclination angle position of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3. This changes the direction of metal powder falling from its original vertical direction to an angle with the vertical direction, altering the falling direction and speed of the metal powder, ultimately reducing the dust generated when the metal powder falls. Assuming the total weight of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 is mg, the masses of segments a and b can be denoted as a / (a+b)×mg and b / (a+b)×mg, respectively. To ensure the force balance of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3, an external force F is introduced. According to the torque balance formula, F and the weights of segments a and b should satisfy the relationship b / (a+b)×mg×b / 2=a / (a+b)×mg×a / 2+F×a / 2. From this, the relationship between the external force F and segments a and b can be derived as F=(ba) / a×mg. From F = (ba) / a × mg, it can be seen that regardless of the tilt angle α, as long as the external force F, i.e., the frictional force between the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2 and the outer wall of the powder-feeding tank body 1, satisfies the above-mentioned relationship with gravity, the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2 can achieve force balance, thus enabling free control of the tilt angle α of the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2. The frictional force of the powder-feeding fixing shaft 2 can be determined by consulting relevant materials based on the characteristics of the material itself. Since the distance between the powder-feeding tank body 1 and the printing plane 9 of the equipment is constant, the size of the tilt angle α determines the speed at which the metal powder falls onto the printing surface.Assuming the instantaneous velocity of the metal falling onto the surface of the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 is V0, according to Newton's second law of motion, the decomposition velocity after passing through the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3 should be V = V0sinα. From trigonometric functions, we know that the smaller α is, the smaller V is. Simultaneously, the value of the first gap f also has a certain functional relationship with the tilt angle α, i.e., f = a(1-cosα). Therefore, it can be seen that the smaller α is, the smaller f is, which better meets the usage requirements. However, in order to simultaneously consider the powder-feeding effect and prevent metal powder from stagnating on the eccentric powder-feeding buffer plate 3, α cannot be too small. Therefore, the tilt angle α is limited, and four values ​​of 30°, 35°, 40°, and 45° are set for dust control. This invention controls the powder-feeding angle by controlling the weight distribution, effectively changing the powder-feeding direction of the 3D printing equipment, preventing dust from being generated by vertical powder falling, ensuring the cleanliness of the printing space, and reducing safety hazards caused by powder cleaning.

[0058] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust-proof structure for 3D printing equipment, characterized in that, It includes a powder dropping trough body (1), a powder dropping fixing shaft (2), and an eccentric powder dropping buffer plate (3); the powder dropping fixing shaft (2) is provided at the powder dropping inlet of the powder dropping trough body (1), and the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate (3) is provided with an eccentric shaft hole (4) at a preset position, and the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate (3) is connected to the powder dropping fixing shaft (2) through the eccentric shaft hole (4); The eccentric powder drop buffer plate (3) connected by the powder drop fixed shaft (2) is in a balanced state, and the angle between the eccentric powder drop buffer plate (3) in the balanced state and the horizontal direction is α. The end of the powder-feeding fixing shaft (2) extends out of the side of the powder-feeding trough body (1), and the end of the powder-feeding fixing shaft (2) is threaded with a locking nut (5). The locking nut (5) and the outer wall of the powder dropping trough body (1) are locked together so that the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate (3) connected to the powder dropping fixed shaft (2) maintains an included angle α. The center of the eccentric shaft hole (4) and one end of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate (3) are at a preset distance b, and the center of the eccentric shaft hole (4) and the other end of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate (3) are at a preset distance a. Let F be the external force that locks the locking nut (5) and the outer wall of the powder dropping trough body (1) to maintain the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate (3) in a balanced state; let mg be the total weight of the eccentric powder dropping buffer plate (3); The weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate (3) at a preset distance a, the weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate (3) at a preset distance b, and the external force F have the following relationship: b / (a+b)×mg×b / 2=a / (a+b)×mg×a / 2+F×a / 2; In the formula, b / (a+b)×mg is the weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate (3) at the preset distance b; a / (a+b)×mg is the weight of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate (3) at the preset distance a; The end of the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate (3) in a balanced state and the inner wall of the powder-falling inlet of the powder-falling trough body (1) have a first gap f; The angle α between the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate (3) in equilibrium and the horizontal direction is in the range of 30°≤α≤45°; The relationship between the preset distance a of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate (3), the preset distance b of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate (3), and the external force F is: F = (ba) / a × mg.

2. The dust-proof and powder-falling structure for a 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The instantaneous velocity of the metal powder falling onto the surface of the eccentric powder drop buffer plate (3) is V0; The decomposition rate of the metal powder after passing through the eccentric powder buffer plate (3) is V = V0sinα.

3. The dust-proof and powder-falling structure for a 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional relationship between the first gap f and the included angle α is: f = a(1-cosα).

4. The dust-proof and powder-falling structure for 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle α between the eccentric powder-falling buffer plate (3) in equilibrium and the horizontal direction is 30°, 35°, 40° or 45°.

5. The dust-proof and powder-falling structure for a 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relationship between the preset distance a and the preset distance b of the eccentric powder buffer plate (3) is: b=2a, b=1.8a or b=1.5a.

6. The dust-proof and powder-falling structure for a 3D printing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder dropper body (1) is provided with a powder drop box (6) above it. The powder drop box (6) is connected to the powder dropper body (1) through a powder drop channel (7). The powder dropper body (1) is provided with a powder drop outlet (8) at the bottom. The printing plane (9) of the 3D printing device is provided at a preset distance below the powder drop outlet (8).

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