Gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of machining, and discloses a gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, which comprises the following steps: setting the execution unilateral feeding amount of each stage; performing trial grinding from multiple directions of the gear; correcting the total grinding allowance according to the first to nth stroke grinding conditions of the trial grinding; performing gear grinding according to the corrected total grinding allowance and the execution unilateral feeding amount of each stage, and controlling the position of the gear grinding cooling oil pipe to make the spark in the gear grinding process not exceed the preset height; monitoring the gear grinding machine main shaft current of each dressing interval of the grinding wheel during the gear grinding process, and reducing the number of gear teeth of the grinding wheel dressing corresponding to the dressing interval when the grinding current of the grinding wheel corresponding to the last tooth exceeds the preset increment of the first tooth grinding current. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn can not only avoid gear grinding burn in the grinding process, but also maximize the production efficiency under the conditions of small batch and single piece production of gears with different module.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, more particularly, to a gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn. BACKGROUND

[0002] In small batch and single piece production of large modulus gears, a large amount of grinding heat will inevitably be generated during the gear grinding process after carburizing and quenching. Part of the grinding heat will be taken away by iron filings and cooling liquid, and the other part will be transferred into the surface layer of the processed gear and quickly raise the surface layer temperature of the gear. When a large amount of grinding heat is generated and the temperature rises sharply, and then the cooling liquid is activated, the problem of gear surface burn may occur, which is called grinding burn. Grinding burn will seriously affect the quality and service life of the gear.

[0003] In order to avoid gear surface burn caused by grinding heat, the general method at present is to rely on the experience of gear grinding operators and adopt the method of reducing the single-sided tool engagement amount for grinding. Although this method can effectively avoid the generation of grinding burn and ensure the quality of gear grinding, it reduces the production efficiency and prolongs the production cycle, resulting in poor economic benefits.

[0004] In summary, how to effectively solve the problem of grinding burn in the gear grinding process after carburizing and quenching of gears with different modulus without affecting the production efficiency is a problem that needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, which can effectively solve the problem of grinding burn in the gear grinding process after carburizing and quenching of gears with different modulus without affecting the production efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0007] A gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, comprising:

[0008] According to the basic single-sided feed amount corresponding to the rough grinding stage, the semi-fine grinding stage, the fine grinding stage and the super-fine grinding stage, and according to the modulus size of the ground gear, the auxiliary single-sided allowance correction coefficient is corrected to set the execution single-sided feed amount of each stage;

[0009] Trial grinding is performed from multiple directions of the gear, and the total grinding allowance is corrected according to the first to nth stroke grinding conditions of the trial grinding;

[0010] According to the corrected total grinding allowance and the execution single-sided feed amount of each stage, the gear is ground, and the position of the grinding cooling oil pipe is controlled to make the spark in the grinding process not exceed the preset height;

[0011] In the gear grinding process, the grinding machine spindle current of each dressing interval of the grinding wheel is monitored, and when the grinding current of the last tooth corresponding to the grinding wheel exceeds the preset increment of the first tooth grinding current, the number of teeth corresponding to the dressing of the grinding wheel in the dressing interval is reduced.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, when the modulus of the gear is greater, the corresponding unilateral feed amount is smaller.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, trial grinding is performed from multiple directions of the gear, and the total grinding allowance is corrected according to the first to nth stroke grinding conditions of the trial grinding, specifically including:

[0014] During the trial grinding process, no spark is generated in the first stroke of each direction in the rough grinding stage.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, it further includes:

[0016] During the trial grinding process, when the grinding wheel fails to contact the tooth surface in each direction in the rough grinding stage, the corresponding total grinding allowance is reduced.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, the trial grinding is performed from multiple directions of the gear, specifically including:

[0018] The trial grinding is performed from multiple directions of the gear which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0019] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, the trial grinding is performed from multiple directions of the gear which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, specifically including:

[0020] The trial grinding is performed from 2 to 6 directions of the gear which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, the range of the preset height is 350-450 mm.

[0022] Optionally, in the above-mentioned gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, the basic unilateral feed amount range of the tooth surface in the rough grinding stage is 0.015-0.025 mm, the basic unilateral feed amount range of the tooth surface in the semi-fine grinding stage is 0.012-0.020 mm, the basic unilateral feed amount range of the tooth surface in the fine grinding stage is 0.008-0.012 mm, and the basic unilateral feed amount range of the tooth surface in the super-fine grinding stage is 0.002-0.005 mm.

[0023] The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn provided by the application sets the corresponding single-side feed amount of the rough grinding stage, the semi-precision grinding stage, the precision grinding stage and the super-precision grinding stage respectively, and corrects the total gear grinding allowance through a test mold, and controls the position of the gear grinding cooling oil pipe during the gear grinding process to make the spark during the gear grinding process not exceed the preset height. In addition, the gear grinding machine main shaft current of each dressing interval of the grinding wheel is monitored to adjust the grinding wheel dressing period. Through the above setting, the on-site gear grinding quality of the gear grinding production unit can be prevented and controlled by the technical personnel and the management personnel under the conditions of small batch and single piece production of gears with different modulus, and the experience of the operators is no longer relied on. The gear grinding burn caused by the grinding heat during the gear grinding process can be avoided, and the production efficiency can be maximized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 The flowchart of the gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn of one specific embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 The gear grinding schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 3 The grinding wheel grinding current control schematic diagram.

[0028] The signs in the drawings are as follows:

[0029] Grinding wheel 10, machined area 20, to-be-machined area 30, single-side feed amount h. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiment of the present application discloses a gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn, which can avoid the gear grinding burn during the gear grinding process of gears with different modulus after carburizing and quenching without affecting the production efficiency.

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] Please refer toFigures 1-2 , Figure 1 The flow chart of the gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn in one embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The gear grinding schematic diagram is shown in the figure.

[0033] In some embodiments, the gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn provided by the present application comprises the following steps:

[0034] S1: According to the basic single-feed amount corresponding to the rough grinding stage, the semi-fine grinding stage, the fine grinding stage and the super-fine grinding stage respectively, and according to the modulus size of the ground gear, the single-feed correction coefficient is corrected to set the execution single-feed amount of each stage.

[0035] Through the above setting of the single-feed amount corresponding to each stroke of the rough grinding stage, the semi-fine grinding stage, the fine grinding stage and the super-fine grinding stage, the tooth surface burn caused by grinding heat is avoided, and the production efficiency is ensured. The basic single-feed amount can be determined by the gear modulus 16-20, and the single-feed amount of other modulus gears can be corrected by multiplying the single-feed correction coefficient on the basis of the basic single-feed amount. Specifically, the basic single-feed amount is adjusted and corrected according to the actual grinding gear modulus to obtain the execution single-feed amount of each stage. The single-feed correction coefficient is denoted as K, and the value of K fluctuates around the value 1. The range of the single-feed correction coefficient is 0.4-1.6. A data table can be established for the basic single-feed amount corresponding to the rough grinding stage, the semi-fine grinding stage, the fine grinding stage and the super-fine grinding stage, and the single-feed correction coefficient corresponding to different gear moduli is set in the data table. The single-feed correction coefficient is multiplied by the basic single-feed amount to obtain the corrected execution single-feed amount.

[0036] S2: Trial grinding is performed from multiple directions of the gear, and the total grinding allowance is corrected according to the first to the n-th stroke grinding conditions of the trial grinding.

[0037] Wherein, n is a natural number greater than 1. By correcting the total grinding allowance through trial grinding, the abnormal grinding heat caused by the excessive actual grinding amount of the first stroke of the rough grinding stage of the gear and the tooth surface can be avoided, and the tooth surface burn can be avoided. At the same time, appropriate total allowance can also avoid the invalid movement of the grinding wheel that does not contact the tooth surface in the excessive stroke of the grinding wheel, so as to ensure high production efficiency.

[0038] S3: The gear is ground according to the corrected total grinding allowance and the execution single-feed amount of each stage, and the position of the grinding cooling oil pipe is controlled to make the spark in the grinding process not exceed the preset height.

[0039] In the gear grinding process, the spark is always controlled not to exceed the preset height, which can be achieved by frequent visual inspection of the grinding spark, controlling the position of the grinding cooling oil pipe to ensure good cooling and avoid heat accumulation. When the grinding spark exceeds the preset height during grinding, the machine should be stopped to adjust the position of the cooling oil pipe, so as to better avoid tooth surface burning.

[0040] S4: Monitor the grinding machine spindle current of each dressing interval of the grinding wheel during gear grinding. When the grinding current of the last tooth corresponding to the grinding wheel exceeds the preset increment of the first tooth grinding current, reduce the number of teeth to be dressed in the dressing interval.

[0041] Grinding current refers to the grinding machine spindle current, please refer to Figure 3 By monitoring the grinding current during grinding to control the grinding wheel dressing frequency, ensure the sharpness of the grinding wheel, and reduce the grinding heat. It can be understood that the grinding interval between the dressing interval and the adjacent two sides of the grinding wheel is corrected. For example, the initial setting is to dress the grinding wheel once every m teeth, and m is a natural number greater than 1, and the specific value is set according to the actual situation. The grinding current of the first tooth here refers to the first tooth slot processed in a grinding wheel dressing interval, such as the first tooth slot processed when the grinding is restarted after the grinding wheel dressing is completed. Correspondingly, the last tooth processed before the grinding wheel is dressed again is a grinding wheel dressing interval. Specifically, when the grinding current of the last tooth in the grinding wheel dressing interval increases by more than N% compared with the grinding current of the first tooth, the number of teeth to be dressed each time should be reduced.

[0042] By setting the feed amount corresponding to the rough grinding stage, semi-fine grinding stage, fine grinding stage and super-fine grinding stage, and correcting the feed amount by trial, and controlling the position of the grinding cooling oil pipe during grinding to make the spark during grinding not exceed the preset height, the gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burn provided by the application can prevent and control the on-site gear grinding quality of the technical personnel and management personnel of the gear grinding production unit under the conditions of small batch and single piece production of gears with different module sizes. It is no longer dependent on the experience of the operator. It can not only avoid gear grinding burn caused by grinding heat during grinding, but also can maximize the production efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments, when setting the execution unilateral feed amount of each stage in step S1 above, the larger the module of the gear, the smaller the corresponding unilateral feed amount. That is, the execution unilateral feed amount is inversely related to the module of the gear, so as to better provide the corresponding gear grinding method for gears with different modules. When the basic unilateral feed amount is corrected by multiplying the correction coefficient, that is, the larger the module of the gear, the smaller the value of the correction system K.

[0044] In some embodiments, in step S2, the trial grinding is performed from multiple orientations of the gear, and the total grinding allowance is corrected according to the first to the n-th stroke grinding conditions of the trial grinding, specifically including: in the trial grinding process, the first stroke in each direction of the rough grinding stage is controlled to not generate sparks. In the trial grinding process, the first stroke in any direction of the rough grinding stage is controlled to not generate sparks, that is, the grinding wheel is not allowed to contact the part, so as to avoid that the total grinding allowance is set too small and the first contact between the grinding wheel and the part causes grinding burn and cracks.

[0045] In some embodiments, in step S2, the trial grinding is performed from multiple orientations of the gear, and the total grinding allowance is corrected according to the first to the n-th stroke grinding conditions of the trial grinding, specifically including: in the trial grinding process, the first stroke in each direction of the rough grinding stage is controlled to not generate sparks. In the trial grinding process, the first stroke in any direction of the rough grinding stage is controlled to not generate sparks, that is, the grinding wheel is not allowed to contact the part, so as to avoid that the total grinding allowance is set too small and the first contact between the grinding wheel and the part causes grinding burn and cracks.

[0046] In some embodiments, in step S2, the trial grinding is performed from multiple orientations of the gear, specifically including: the trial grinding is performed from multiple orientations of the gear which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The number of trial grinding directions is set according to the size of the part diameter, and the multiple trial grinding directions are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction to determine the rationality of the front allowance setting, which can better correct the total grinding allowance.

[0047] In some embodiments, in step S2, the trial grinding is performed from multiple orientations of the gear which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, specifically including: the trial grinding is performed from 2 to 6 orientations of the gear which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. For example, for gears with a diameter of φ500-3000mm, the trial grinding can be performed in 2 to 6 directions to determine the rationality of the front allowance setting.

[0048] In some embodiments, the preset height range corresponding to the sparks in the grinding process is 350-450mm. That is, the gear is ground according to the corrected total grinding allowance and the execution single feed amount of each stage, and the position of the grinding cooling oil pipe is controlled to ensure that the sparks in the grinding process do not exceed the above-mentioned preset height, specifically, the sparks do not exceed 400mm. Specifically, the grinding sparks can be frequently observed, the position of the grinding cooling oil pipe is controlled to ensure good cooling and avoid heat accumulation. When the sparks in the grinding process exceed 400mm, the machine should be stopped to adjust the position of the cooling oil pipe.

[0049] In some embodiments, the basic single edge feed range of the rough grinding stage tooth surface is 0.015-0.025 mm, the basic single edge feed range of the semi-fine grinding stage tooth surface is 0.012-0.020 mm, the basic single edge feed range of the fine grinding stage tooth surface is 0.008-0.012 mm, and the basic single edge feed range of the super-fine grinding stage tooth surface is 0.002-0.005 mm. By setting a reasonable basic single edge feed, in combination with the grinding wheel dressing control and the grinding spark length control, the single-piece small-batch production is effectively ensured, that is, the gear grinding burn and crack are avoided, the product quality is ensured, and the production efficiency is achieved as the same as the solidified parameters of the large-batch production after multiple test verifications.

[0050] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0051] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preventing gear grinding burns, characterized in that, include: The basic single-sided feed rate corresponding to the rough grinding stage, semi-fine grinding stage, fine grinding stage and ultra-fine grinding stage is used for correction based on the auxiliary single-sided allowance correction coefficient according to the module size of the gear being ground, so as to set the execution single-sided feed rate for each stage. Test grinding is performed on the gear from multiple positions, and the total grinding allowance is adjusted based on the grinding conditions of the first to nth strokes of the test grinding. Grind the gears according to the corrected total grinding allowance and the single-sided feed rate of each stage, and control the position of the grinding cooling oil pipe to ensure that the sparks during the grinding process do not exceed the preset height. During gear grinding, the spindle current of the gear grinding machine is monitored in each dressing interval of the grinding wheel. When the grinding current of the last tooth of the grinding wheel exceeds the preset increment of the grinding current of the first tooth, the number of teeth of the grinding wheel dressed in the corresponding dressing interval is reduced.

2. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burns according to claim 1, characterized in that, When setting the single-sided feed rate for each stage, the larger the module of the gear, the smaller the single-sided feed rate.

3. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burns according to claim 1, characterized in that, Test grinding was performed on the gear from multiple angles. Based on the grinding results of the first to nth strokes during the test grinding, the total grinding allowance was adjusted, specifically including: During the trial grinding process, ensure that no sparks are generated during the first stroke in each direction of the rough grinding stage.

4. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burns according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: During the trial grinding process, if the grinding wheel fails to contact the tooth surface in any direction during the rough grinding stage, the corresponding total grinding allowance will be reduced.

5. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burns according to claim 1, characterized in that, Test grinding was conducted on the gear from multiple angles, specifically including: Test grinding was performed on the gear from multiple circumferentially evenly distributed positions.

6. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burns according to claim 5, characterized in that, Test grinding was performed on the gear from multiple circumferentially evenly distributed positions, specifically including: Test grinding was performed on 2 to 6 positions of the gear that were evenly distributed circumferentially.

7. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset height ranges from 350 to 450 mm.

8. The gear grinding method for preventing gear grinding burns according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The basic single-sided feed rate of the tooth surface during the rough grinding stage ranges from 0.015 to 0.025 mm, the basic single-sided feed rate of the tooth surface during the semi-finish grinding stage ranges from 0.012 to 0.020 mm, the basic single-sided feed rate of the tooth surface during the finish grinding stage ranges from 0.008 to 0.012 mm, and the basic single-sided feed rate of the tooth surface during the ultra-finish grinding stage ranges from 0.002 to 0.005 mm.

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