A multifunctional wearable fabric heater and a method of making the same

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional wearable fabric heater and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fabric heating, and has the technical scheme as follows: S1: pretreating the fabric; S2: adding trimethylol aminomethane into water to obtain a Tris solution, adjusting the pH value, then adding dopamine hydrochloride, placing the pretreated fabric in the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride to react so that a layer of polydopamine is grown on the surface of the fabric, and finally drying to obtain a polydopamine coated fabric; and S3: placing the polydopamine coated fabric obtained in S2 into a mixed solution containing a copper source and a sulfur source to perform water bath reaction, and drying after the reaction, thereby obtaining a multifunctional fabric heater loaded with copper sulfide. The fabric prepared by the preparation method has multiple heating modes, electromagnetic shielding, ultraviolet protection, antibacterial and flame-retardant functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fabric heating technology, and more specifically, to a multifunctional wearable fabric heater and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Maintaining the human body at a comfortable temperature is crucial for preserving normal physiological functions and preventing cold-related injuries and illnesses. People typically use textiles to keep warm and reduce energy loss. However, traditional textiles, due to their limited thermal regulation capabilities, struggle to maintain a constant body temperature in outdoor environments. There is a strong demand for functional textiles that improve thermal comfort while maintaining flexibility and breathability.

[0003] Solar-driven photothermal conversion materials have garnered significant attention due to their sustainability and controllability. Recently, textiles have been modified to collect solar energy and convert it into heat for effective personal warmth. Furthermore, textile heaters with additional electrically driven heating have proven effective thermal compensation for the human body in low-sunlight conditions such as cloudy days, rainy days, and indoor environments. Integrating multiple heating modes not only enables textiles to operate efficiently in various environmental conditions but also reduces energy consumption. Moreover, considering electromagnetic radiation pollution and UV damage in practical application environments, wearable heaters based on smart textiles require electromagnetic radiation shielding and UV blocking capabilities. Additionally, textiles pose risks of fire and bacterial infection during prolonged wear, necessitating flame-retardant and antibacterial properties for textile heaters. Therefore, it is essential to develop multi-purpose textiles that integrate multi-mode driving, electromagnetic shielding, UV protection, flame retardancy, and antibacterial properties through simple strategies, which is crucial for the development of next-generation wearable heater devices. However, existing fabric heaters struggle to efficiently balance these functions, and current fabric manufacturing processes are relatively complex and raw materials are relatively expensive. Furthermore, the bonding strength between existing fabrics and substrates is weak, making them prone to detachment and failure during use. Therefore, high-performance multi-mode drive integration of textile heaters remains a challenging problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional wearable fabric heater and its preparation method. The fabric prepared by this method has multiple heating modes, electromagnetic shielding, ultraviolet protection, antibacterial and flame retardant functions.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a method for preparing a multifunctional wearable fabric heater, specifically including the following steps:

[0006] S1: Pre-treat the fabric;

[0007] S2: Tris solution is obtained by adding tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane to water, adjusting the pH value, then adding dopamine hydrochloride, and then placing the pretreated fabric in the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride to react and grow a layer of polydopamine on its surface. Finally, it is dried to obtain polydopamine-coated fabric.

[0008] S3: The polydopamine-coated fabric obtained in S2 is placed in a mixed solution containing copper and sulfur sources for water bath reaction. After the reaction, it is dried to obtain a multifunctional fabric heater loaded with copper sulfide.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific method of S1 is as follows:

[0010] The fabric is immersed in an alkaline solution at 60-90℃ for 1-4 hours. The immersed polymer-based fabric is then rinsed with deionized water and dried to obtain a pretreated fabric.

[0011] Furthermore, the polymer-based fabric is one or more of cotton fabric, polyester, polyester-cotton blend, aramid, and nylon; the alkaline solution is a 2-10 wt% NaOH solution, and the pH value of the polymer-based fabric after washing with deionized water is 6-8.

[0012] Furthermore, in S2, the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the solution is 1-5 mg / mL, the concentration of Tris solution is 10-50 mM, the pH is 8-10, the reaction time is 30-120 min, and the drying temperature of the polydopamine-coated fabric is 60°C.

[0013] Furthermore, in S3, the copper source is one or more of copper chloride, copper sulfate, copper nitrate, and copper acetate; the sulfur source is one or more of thiourea, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, and ammonium sulfide.

[0014] Furthermore, in S3, the reactant concentrations of both the copper source and the sulfur source are 1-10 wt%.

[0015] The present invention also provides a multifunctional wearable fabric heater, which is prepared by the above-described preparation method.

[0016] The present invention also provides an application of a multifunctional wearable fabric heater, the application scope of which includes wearable fabrics, fabric electric heaters, fabric photoheaters, thermotherapy equipment, and heat converters.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The multifunctional fabric heater obtained by this invention has excellent solar / electrothermal conversion performance, enabling the human body to adapt to a wider temperature range without consuming additional energy.

[0019] 2. The textiles of this invention also have excellent electromagnetic shielding, ultraviolet protection, light-driven antibacterial and flame-retardant properties, which can ensure long-term efficient operation in complex environments.

[0020] 3. This fabric heater has good breathability and durability, meeting the requirements for wearable devices. The preparation method provided by this invention is simple, safe, and can be mass-produced. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the multifunctional fabric heater in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the multifunctional fabric heater in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is an experimental diagram of the air permeability of the multifunctional fabric heater in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an experimental diagram of the flexibility of the multifunctional fabric heater in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is an antibacterial experimental diagram of the multifunctional fabric heater in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a combustion state diagram of the multifunctional fabric heater in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0028] Example 1: A method for preparing a multifunctional wearable fabric heater, specifically including the following steps:

[0029] S1: Pretreatment: The fabric is soaked in an alkaline solution at 60°C for 4 hours with stirring. The soaked polymer-based fabric is then rinsed and dried with deionized water to obtain the pretreated fabric. In this embodiment, the preferred polymer-based fabric is polyester, the alkaline solution is a 2wt% NaOH solution, and the pH value of the polymer-based fabric after washing with deionized water is 7.

[0030] S2: Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was added to water to obtain a 50 mM Tris solution. The pH was adjusted to 8.5, and then 5 mg / mL of dopamine hydrochloride was added. The pretreated fabric was then placed in the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride and reacted for 60 min to grow a layer of polydopamine (PDA) on its surface. The fabric was dried at 60 °C to obtain the polydopamine-coated fabric.

[0031] S3: To prepare a multifunctional fabric heater, the above-mentioned polydopamine-coated fabric was placed in a water bath reaction in a mixed solution of copper source and sulfur source with a concentration of 10wt%, and then dried in an oven at 80℃ to obtain a multifunctional fabric heater loaded with copper sulfide; wherein, the copper source is copper nitrate and the sulfur source is thiourea.

[0032] In this embodiment, the copper sulfide coating is grown in situ using a polydopamine coating as a chelating layer to achieve the fabrication of a multifunctional fabric heater. Polydopamine provides in-situ growth sites for the copper sulfide coating and, as an intermediate layer, enhances the adhesion between the copper sulfide and the fabric fibers. Furthermore, polydopamine also possesses excellent photothermal conversion properties, further improving the photothermal conversion capability.

[0033] Example 2: A method for preparing a multifunctional wearable fabric heater, specifically including the following steps:

[0034] S1: Pretreatment: The fabric is soaked in an alkaline solution at 90°C for 1 hour and stirred. The soaked polymer-based fabric is then rinsed and dried with deionized water to obtain the pretreated fabric. In this embodiment, the preferred polymer-based fabric is cotton fabric, the alkaline solution is a 10wt% NaOH solution, and the pH value of the polymer-based fabric after washing with deionized water is 8.

[0035] S2: Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was added to water to obtain a 10 mM Tris solution. The pH was adjusted to 8.5, and then 1 mg / mL of dopamine hydrochloride was added. The pretreated fabric was then placed in the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride and reacted for 120 min to grow a layer of polydopamine (PDA) on its surface. The fabric was dried at 60 °C to obtain the polydopamine-coated fabric.

[0036] S3: To prepare a multifunctional fabric heater, the above-mentioned polydopamine-coated fabric is placed in a water bath reaction in a mixed solution of copper source and sulfur source with a concentration of 2wt%. The fabric is then removed and dried in an oven at 80℃ to obtain a multifunctional fabric heater loaded with copper sulfide. The copper source is copper chloride and the sulfur source is potassium sulfide.

[0037] In this embodiment, the copper sulfide coating is grown in situ using a polydopamine coating as a chelating layer to achieve the fabrication of a multifunctional fabric heater. Polydopamine provides in-situ growth sites for the copper sulfide coating and, as an intermediate layer, enhances the adhesion between the copper sulfide and the fabric fibers. Furthermore, polydopamine also possesses excellent photothermal conversion properties, further improving the photothermal conversion capability.

[0038] Example 3: A method for preparing a multifunctional wearable fabric heater, specifically including the following steps:

[0039] S1: Pretreatment: The fabric is soaked in an alkaline solution at 80°C for 2 hours with stirring. The soaked polymer-based fabric is then rinsed and dried with deionized water to obtain the pretreated fabric. In this embodiment, preferably, the polymer-based fabric is aramid, the alkaline solution is a 4wt% NaOH solution, and the pH value of the polymer-based fabric after washing with deionized water is 7.

[0040] S2: Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was added to water to obtain a 20 mM Tris solution. The pH was adjusted to 8.5, and then 2 mg / mL of dopamine hydrochloride was added. The pretreated fabric was then placed in the Tris solution of dopamine hydrochloride and reacted for 60 min to grow a layer of polydopamine (PDA) on its surface. The fabric was dried at 60 °C to obtain the polydopamine-coated fabric.

[0041] S3: To prepare a multifunctional fabric heater, the above-mentioned polydopamine-coated fabric is placed in a water bath reaction in a mixed solution of copper source and sulfur source with a concentration of 5wt%, and then dried in an oven at 80℃ to obtain a multifunctional fabric heater loaded with copper sulfide; wherein, the copper source is copper sulfate and the sulfur source is ammonium sulfide.

[0042] In this embodiment, the copper sulfide coating is grown in situ using a polydopamine coating as a chelating layer to achieve the fabrication of a multifunctional fabric heater. Polydopamine provides in-situ growth sites for the copper sulfide coating and, as an intermediate layer, enhances the adhesion between the copper sulfide and the fabric fibers. Furthermore, polydopamine also possesses excellent photothermal conversion properties, further improving the photothermal conversion capability.

[0043] Example 4: A multifunctional wearable fabric heater, prepared by the method of Example 3, has the following microstructure. Figure 1 As shown, the wearable fabric heater in this embodiment has an antibacterial rate of up to 99% against Escherichia coli. Figure 5 As shown; the maximum electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the multifunctional fabric heater is greater than or equal to 59 dB, such as... Figure 2 As shown; the light source for the photothermal conversion of the fabric heater is one or more of sunlight, near-infrared light, far-infrared light, and ultraviolet light, and the maximum temperature of the photothermal conversion is 180℃; the applied voltage range for the electrothermal conversion of the fabric heater is 0.1V-10V, and the temperature range that the electrothermal conversion of the fabric heater can reach is 5-200℃.

[0044] This fabric heater is used in wearable fabrics, fabric electric heaters, fabric photoheaters, thermotherapy equipment, heat exchangers, and other fields.

[0045] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of making a multi-functional wearable fabric heater, characterized by: Specifically comprising the following steps: S1: pretreating the fabric: soaking the fabric in an alkali solution at 60-90℃ for 1-4h, rinsing the soaked polymer-based fabric with deionized water and drying to obtain a pretreated fabric; S2: adding Tris to water to obtain a Tris solution, adjusting the pH value, then adding dopamine hydrochloride, placing the pretreated fabric in the Tris solution containing dopamine hydrochloride to react and grow a layer of polydopamine on the surface of the fabric, and finally drying to obtain a polydopamine-coated fabric; S3: placing the polydopamine-coated fabric obtained in S2 in a mixed solution containing a copper source and a sulfur source, and performing water bath reaction, and then drying to obtain a copper sulfide-loaded multifunctional fabric heater, wherein the copper source is one or more of copper chloride, copper sulfate, copper nitrate, and copper acetate; and the sulfur source is one or more of thiocyanic acid, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, and ammonium sulfide.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The polymer-based fabric is one or more of cotton fabric, polyester, polyester-cotton, aramid, and nylon; the alkali solution is a 2-10wt% NaOH solution, and the pH value of the polymer-based fabric after deionized water washing is 6-8. ​ 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In S2, the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the solution is 1-5mg / mL, the concentration of the Tris solution is 10-50mM, the pH value is 8-10, the reaction time is 30-120min, and the drying temperature of the polydopamine-coated fabric is 60℃. ​ 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: In S3, the concentrations of the copper source and the sulfur source are both 1-10wt%.

5. A multi-functional wearable fabric heater characterized by: The fabric heater is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-4.

6. The use of a multi-functional wearable fabric heater according to claim 5, characterized in that: The application range of the multifunctional wearable fabric heater includes the fields of wearable fabric, fabric electric heater, fabric light heater, hyperthermia device, and heat converter.

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