A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device and method, the device comprises: a sensor unit and a control mainboard, the sensor unit comprises a three-phase acceleration sensor, a temperature probe and a three-axis gyroscope configured according to preset monitoring indicators, and the control mainboard integrates a vibration sensor interface, a digital-to-analog converter, a three-axis gyroscope interface, a TP1000 interface, a main control chip, a USB interface and a variety of communication interfaces. The present invention integrates multi-source geological data such as vibration, temperature, and deformation, can realize the abnormal signal pickup of geological safety before disasters, and forms an integrated platform for intelligent diagnosis and risk management of underground space safety based on multi-source data such as vibration, temperature, and deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological environment monitoring, and in particular to a distributed, easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device and method. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the field of intelligent monitoring of underground space safety, underground space projects such as tunnels, deep foundation pits, and subways have problems such as scattered underground sensing system technology, many interference signals, and difficult construction. In addition, most existing monitoring technologies collect each parameter indicator separately, and cannot obtain multiple data sources in real time at the same time and place. Since each data source involves different fields, and different data requires different types of sensors to detect, the output data types are also different. The same collector has different control instructions for different types of sensors. It is difficult to complete data collection in multiple different fields at the same time, which is not conducive to the realization of intelligent diagnosis, risk control, and pre-disaster forecasting of underground space safety. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical purpose: In response to the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a distributed, easily implantable underground multi-source information perception device and method, which integrates multi-source geological data such as vibration, temperature, and deformation, and can realize the pickup of abnormal signals in the event of geological disasters, forming an integrated platform for intelligent diagnosis and risk management of underground space safety based on multi-source data such as vibration, temperature, and deformation.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device, characterized by comprising:

[0006] The sensor unit is configured with a variety of data acquisition devices according to preset monitoring indicators, including: a three-phase acceleration sensor, a temperature probe and a three-axis gyroscope;

[0007] Control mainboard, which integrates vibration sensor interface, digital-to-analog converter, three-axis gyroscope interface, 3-wire TP1000 interface, main control chip and multiple communication interfaces;

[0008] The main control chip includes an FPGA module and a microcontroller connected by electrical signals. The FPGA module model is XC7A35T-2CSG324I, the microcontroller model is STM32F429VGT6, the FPGA module is provided with a plurality of output terminals respectively connected to the electrical signals of each communication interface, and the FPGA module is connected to the various data acquisition devices in the sensor unit for communication;

[0009] The vibration sensor interface is used to receive detection data of the three-phase acceleration sensor, and the vibration sensor interface includes an X-phase interface, a Y-phase interface and a Z-phase interface, each phase interface is respectively provided with a separate signal conditioning circuit, the output end of each signal conditioning circuit is connected to the input end of the digital-to-analog converter, and the output end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the input end of the FPGA module;

[0010] The three-axis gyroscope interface is used to receive detection data of the three-axis gyroscope, and an isolation power supply module is provided at the three-axis gyroscope interface, and the output end of the isolation power supply module is connected to the input end of the FPGA module;

[0011] The 3-wire TP1000 interface is used to receive detection data from a temperature probe. A PT1000 conditioning circuit is provided at the 3-wire TP1000 interface. The output end of the PT1000 conditioning circuit is connected to the input end of the microcontroller. The microcontroller converts the temperature and transmits it to the FPGA module through the serial port.

[0012] Preferably, the signal conditioning circuit includes an impedance conversion circuit and an anti-aliasing filter circuit, and the X, Y, and Z three-phase detection data of the three-phase acceleration sensor enter the digital-to-analog converter after impedance conversion and anti-aliasing filter circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the isolated power supply module includes a 485 communication module and a power supply module, the model of the 485 communication module is TD341S485S, and the model of the power supply module is B0505S-1WR3.

[0014] Preferably, a heating power supply interface and a relay are also provided on the control main board, and the closing or opening of the relay is controlled by the main control chip.

[0015] Preferably, the control mainboard is also provided with a TF card electrically connected to the main control chip for storing data, and the communication interface includes a USB interface, a 4G interface and a GPS interface.

[0016] A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing method, applied to the device, comprises the steps of:

[0017] Various data acquisition devices in the sensor unit start data acquisition work according to the instructions sent by the main control chip;

[0018] The detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor is connected to the control mainboard through the vibration sensor interface, and then input into the FPGA module after being processed by the signal conditioning circuit and the digital-to-analog converter;

[0019] The detection data sent by the three-axis gyroscope is input into the FPGA module after passing through the three-axis gyroscope interface and the isolation power supply module;

[0020] The detection data sent by the temperature probe is processed by the PT1000 conditioning circuit and then input into the microcontroller;

[0021] The FPGA module performs frequency and time domain analysis on the detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor to obtain vibration data in the X, Y and Z directions;

[0022] The microcontroller converts the temperature based on the detection data sent by the temperature detection and transmits it to the FPGA module through the serial port;

[0023] The FPGA module analyzes the detection data sent by the three-axis gyroscope to obtain data on the position change of the device.

[0024] Beneficial effects: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention integrates multi-source geological data such as vibration, temperature, and deformation, and realizes the picking of abnormal signals before geological disasters based on artificial intelligence algorithms, forming an integrated platform for intelligent diagnosis and risk management of underground space safety based on multi-source data such as vibration, temperature, and deformation, and achieving underground space surface deformation monitoring accuracy of millimeter level, realizing pre-disaster forecasting and increasing the forecast lead time. By adopting adaptive variable frequency sensing sensing equipment, the sampling frequency, sampling accuracy and other parameters are automatically adjusted according to the characteristics of indicator changes, which can better capture and analyze changes in indicators and meet the needs of intelligent, efficient and rapid decision-making analysis in urban geological and geological safety risk monitoring and evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The hardware block diagram of the distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an example of applying the device of the present invention to urban geological safety monitoring;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a vibration signal obtained in an application example of the device shown;

[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of temperature data obtained in an application example of the device shown;

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A diagram of three-axis gyroscope data obtained in an application example of the device shown;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 An example of data obtained by a three-axis gyroscope in the X, Y, and Z directions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The present invention proposes a distributed, easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device, which is mainly composed of adaptive variable frequency MEMS sensing equipment, data acquisition system, automatic transmission system, intelligent early warning, visualization and analysis and decision-making platform, etc., wherein the sensing equipment is composed of a three-phase acceleration sensor, a temperature probe, a three-axis gyroscope, a water level sensor, etc., which respectively realize vibration frequency, amplitude, acceleration, natural vibration frequency, temperature, thermal physical parameters, inclination and water level measurement.

[0034] Among them, the adaptive variable frequency MEMS sensing sensor integrates three-phase acceleration sensor, temperature probe, three-axis gyroscope, and water level sensor for collection and monitoring according to different monitoring indicators.

[0035] Communication module: Use 4G / 5G wireless communication technology to connect sensor nodes and system platforms to achieve real-time data transmission and remote control.

[0036] System platform: As the core of the entire equipment system, it is responsible for receiving data collected by sensors, storing, processing, analyzing, making decisions and issuing early warning signals.

[0037] Power supply system: Provide power supply for equipment system, including backup power supply, UPS power supply, etc., to ensure stable operation of equipment system.

[0038] Its technical performance and main technical indicators are as follows:

[0039] (1) Accelerometer range ±2g, resolution 0.01mg, accuracy 0.1mg;

[0040] (2) The natural vibration frequency monitoring sensitivity is <1.0μm / s, the measuring range is 0.3m / s, and the sampling frequency is 0.5~500Hz;

[0041] (3) Temperature range: -30~+100°;

[0042] (4) Ultra-low power consumption, single-cell power consumption is less than 1.8mA@12V power supply.

[0043] (5) Angle range ±360°, resolution 0.001°, accuracy 0.005°:

[0044] (6) Inclination range ±90°, resolution 0.001°, accuracy 0.01°;

[0045] (7) Water level range ≥ 100m, accuracy 0.01m:

[0046] The integrated chip has the following functional interfaces:

[0047] 1. Vibration sensor interface

[0048] The three-phase vibration sensor is powered by a constant current source provided by the circuit board. The supply voltage is 5V and the current is 125uA. The circuit board uses LM234 as the constant current source output. After the X, Y, and Z three-phase vibration signals enter the circuit, they first pass through impedance transformation and anti-aliasing filtering circuits before entering the AD7770 digital-to-analog converter.

[0049] 2. Three-axis gyroscope interface

[0050] The gyroscope sensor uses RS485 communication and is powered by 5V. The circuit board uses isolated power supply and communication to prevent damage to the system caused by damage to the sensor and to further protect the circuit board itself. The 485 communication module uses Jinshengyang's TD341S485S, which supports a maximum baud rate of 20M, which is sufficient to meet the communication rate of the sensor. The isolated power supply uses Jinshengyang's B0505S-1WR3 module. The sensor requires a power supply current of 40mA, so the power of the isolated power supply module is also sufficient.

[0051] 3. Three-wire PT1000 interface and heating power output

[0052] The three-wire PT1000 passes through the platinum resistance conditioning circuit and then enters the STM32 internal ADC. The STM32 converts the temperature and transmits it to the FPGA through the serial port.

[0053] The heating power supply is controlled by an on-board relay. When the relay is closed, the heating power supply turns on the output. When the relay is disconnected, the heating power supply turns off the output.

[0054] 4. Main control chip

[0055] The main control chip adopts the combination of XILINX XC7A35T-2CSG324I and STM32F429VGT6. STM32F429VGT6 is mainly used as the soft core of XC7A35T-2CSG324I to handle some things that XC7A35T-2CSG324I is not good at. The main collection and communication are completed by XC7A35T-2CSG324I. XC7A35T-2CSG324I has 35K+ logic resources, and the internal BRAM can be used as a USB 2.0 send buffer.

[0056] 5. Data storage

[0057] Data is stored in an external TF card.

[0058] 6.USB 2.0 interface

[0059] The USB 2.0 interface uses Cypress's FX2 chip as the PHY layer.

[0060] 6.7.4G communication interface

[0061] The 4G communication interface uses FS600N transparent transmission DTU.

[0062] 7. GPS interface

[0063] The GPS interface uses Quectel's L76K GPS module.

[0064] The device of the present invention is portable and compact. Distributed deployment can be achieved by deploying a large number of the devices. Each device is equipped with the above-mentioned various sensors. Among them, the temperature sensor has been specially processed and designed, which can not only realize the function but also can be easily and conveniently inserted into the ground. The three-phase acceleration sensor and the three-axis gyroscope can be shallowly buried or inserted 5 cm underground. The present invention can simultaneously complete the integrated collection and data processing of multiple complex sensor data, and the device has a high degree of integration.

[0065] Example 1:

[0066] Figures 2 to 6 , a schematic diagram of an example of applying the device of the present invention to urban geological safety monitoring, specifically the detection data of the impact of the vibration generated by a high-speed railway in a certain place on a local cultural relic building, which utilizes the above-mentioned sensing device to detect vibration information, obtain data in different directions of the three axes of X, Y, and Z, temperature data, three-axis gyroscope data, etc.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the perception method includes the following steps:

[0068] The detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor is connected to the control mainboard through the vibration sensor interface, and then input into the FPGA module after being processed by the signal conditioning circuit and the digital-to-analog converter; the detection data sent by the three-axis gyroscope is input into the FPGA module after being processed by the three-axis gyroscope interface and the isolated power supply module; the detection data sent by the temperature probe is input into the microcontroller after being processed by the PT1000 conditioning circuit;

[0069] The FPGA module performs time domain analysis on the detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor, and obtains vibration data in three directions of X, Y and Z through analysis; the FPGA module performs morphological changes on the detection data sent by the three-axis gyroscope, and obtains data on the position change of the device through analysis; the microcontroller converts the detection data sent by the temperature detection into temperature and transmits it to the FPGA module through the serial port.

[0070] The multi-source information sensing device proposed in the present invention has a simple structure and can process multiple types of data at the same time. It collects different types of data at the same time by configuring different types of data interfaces, such as vibration output is a voltage digital signal, temperature PT1000 is an output resistance signal, and gyroscope, magnetic field and other signals use RS 485 bus to communicate with the data acquisition box by wire. The present invention connects different sensors through the same device and uses different instructions to collect data, such as voltage, analog signal, etc. After obtaining the parameter indicators of the initial state, the perception method of the present invention can obtain different data and parameters and different applications through post-data processing. For example: temperature measurement data can invert the temperature field sub-packaging characteristics, thereby calculating the seepage field; the data measured by the gyroscope can know the deformation of the object shape, thereby calculating the deformation, etc.; the three-component resonance obtains the vibration signal, and the frequency domain and time domain analysis are performed through the waveform data to obtain parameters such as structural deformation.

[0071] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, two vibration signals of train arrival are shown. The signals obtained from different trains are different, so different results can be obtained by processing different signals. The present invention performs wavelet transform decomposition on the detection data of the received three-phase acceleration sensor, that is, the original signal, and reconstructs the denoised signal after noise reduction; intercepts the first train arrival signal segment for analysis, calculates the local minimum value of the AIC function of the segment, determines the initial arrival time of the train vibration signal, and completes the arrival time extraction of the first train signal; substitutes the time into the sensor array, that is, the time-position matrix, and calculates the arrival time difference algorithm of TDoA (Time Difference Of Arrival) to realize the three-dimensional positioning of the earthquake source coordinates. Among them, the sensor array / time-position matrix is ​​set in advance according to the purpose requirements, and the sensors are arranged in different positions in advance. The position of the train can be determined by the acquired signal.

[0072] The present invention can realize temperature inversion and in-situ thermal physical parameter measurement through temperature measurement, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each temperature monitoring device has a different number.

[0073] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device, It is characterized in that include: A sensor unit, which is configured with a variety of data acquisition devices according to preset monitoring indicators, including: a three-phase acceleration sensor, a temperature probe and a three-axis gyroscope, wherein the three-phase acceleration sensor and the three-axis gyroscope are inserted 5 cm underground; Control mainboard, which integrates vibration sensor interface, digital-to-analog converter, three-axis gyroscope interface, 3-wire TP1000 interface, main control chip and multiple communication interfaces; The main control chip includes an FPGA module and a microcontroller connected by electrical signals. The FPGA module model is XC7A35T-2CSG324I, the microcontroller model is STM32F429VGT6, the FPGA module is provided with a plurality of output terminals respectively connected to the electrical signals of each communication interface, and the FPGA module is connected to the various data acquisition devices in the sensor unit for communication; The vibration sensor interface is used to receive detection data of a three-phase acceleration sensor. The vibration sensor interface includes an X-phase interface, a Y-phase interface and a Z-phase interface. Each phase interface is provided with a separate signal conditioning circuit. The signal conditioning circuit includes an impedance conversion circuit and an anti-aliasing filter circuit. The X, Y and Z three-phase detection data of the three-phase acceleration sensor enter the digital-to-analog converter after impedance conversion and anti-aliasing filter circuits. The output end of each signal conditioning circuit is connected to the input end of the digital-to-analog converter, and the output end of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the input end of the FPGA module. The three-axis gyroscope interface is used to receive detection data of the three-axis gyroscope, and an isolation power supply module is provided at the three-axis gyroscope interface, and the output end of the isolation power supply module is connected to the input end of the FPGA module; The 3-wire TP1000 interface is used to receive the detection data of the temperature probe. A PT1000 conditioning circuit is provided at the 3-wire TP1000 interface. The output end of the PT1000 conditioning circuit is connected to the input end of the microcontroller. The microcontroller converts the temperature and transmits it to the FPGA module through the serial port. The FPGA module performs time domain analysis on the detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor, including the steps of: The received detection data of the three-phase acceleration sensor, i.e., the original signal, is decomposed by wavelet transform, and reconstructed to obtain a denoised signal after noise reduction; The first train arrival signal segment is intercepted for analysis, and the local minimum value of the AIC function of the signal segment is calculated to determine the initial arrival time of the train vibration signal, thereby completing the extraction of the first train arrival signal; The time when the first train signal arrives is substituted into the sensor array, and the three-dimensional positioning of the earthquake source coordinates is realized through the calculation of the arrival time difference algorithm. The sensor array is set in advance according to the purpose requirements.

2. A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device according to claim 1, Features: The isolated power supply module includes a 485 communication module and a power supply module. The model of the 485 communication module is TD341S485S, and the model of the power supply module is B0505S-1WR3.

3. A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device according to claim 1, Features: The control main board is also provided with a heating power supply interface and a relay, and the closing or opening of the relay is controlled by the main control chip.

4. A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing device according to claim 1, Features: The control mainboard is also provided with a TF card connected to the main control chip by electrical signals for storing data. The communication interface includes a USB interface, a 4G interface and a GPS interface.

5. A distributed and easily implantable underground multi-source information sensing method, applied to any device described in claims 1-4, It is characterized in that Includes steps: Various data acquisition devices in the sensor unit start data acquisition work according to the instructions sent by the main control chip; The detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor is connected to the control mainboard through the vibration sensor interface, and then input into the FPGA module after being processed by the signal conditioning circuit and the digital-to-analog converter; The detection data sent by the three-axis gyroscope is input into the FPGA module after passing through the three-axis gyroscope interface and the isolation power supply module; The detection data sent by the temperature probe is processed by the PT1000 conditioning circuit and then input into the microcontroller; The FPGA module performs frequency and time domain analysis on the detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor to obtain vibration data in the X, Y and Z directions; The microcontroller converts the temperature based on the detection data sent by the temperature probe and transmits it to the FPGA module through the serial port; The FPGA module analyzes the detection data sent by the three-axis gyroscope to obtain data on the position change of the device; The FPGA module performs time domain analysis on the detection data sent by the three-phase acceleration sensor, including the following steps: The received detection data of the three-phase acceleration sensor, i.e., the original signal, is decomposed by wavelet transform, and reconstructed to obtain a denoised signal after noise reduction; The first train arrival signal segment is intercepted for analysis, and the local minimum value of the AIC function of the signal segment is calculated to determine the initial arrival time of the train vibration signal, thereby completing the extraction of the first train arrival signal; The time when the first train signal arrives is substituted into the sensor array, and the three-dimensional positioning of the earthquake source coordinates is realized through the calculation of the arrival time difference algorithm. The sensor array is set in advance according to the purpose requirements.

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