A centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn that can be used both mechanically and pneumatically.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and specifically relates to a centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn that can be used both mechanically and pneumatically. It includes a shaft, a first bearing, a rear housing, a second bearing, a seed metering disc, inserts, an agitator wheel, gaskets, screws, and a front housing. The rear housing includes mounting holes and mounting lugs for securing the seed metering disc. The first bearing is mounted on the rear surface of the rear housing, and the second bearing is mounted on the front surface. The shaft is concentrically mounted with the first and second bearings. The seed metering disc is mounted on the front surface of the rear housing via the shaft. Four inserts are equidistantly mounted around the perimeter of the seed metering disc. The agitator wheel includes a central hole, guide vanes, and thrust vanes. This high-speed precision seed metering device for corn features both purely mechanical and pneumatically assisted operation modes. It utilizes the centrifugal effect generated by the high-speed circular motion of the seeds for seed metering, and the operating mode can be freely switched according to the working environment and usage conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn that can be used both mechanically and pneumatically, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of planting machinery, the high-speed precision seed metering device for corn enables high-speed planting while ensuring planting quality, effectively improving corn production speed and yield. To achieve high-speed precision planting, the structure of seed metering devices has become increasingly complex, leading to increased production costs and energy consumption. Therefore, a high-efficiency, low-cost, and cleaner seed metering device is of great significance to corn production.

[0003] Corn seed meters can be categorized into mechanical and pneumatic seed meters based on their working principle. Traditional mechanical seed meters face difficulties in seed picking and carrying at high speeds. Pneumatic high-speed corn seed meters utilize air pressure for sowing, offering high sowing speed and precision. However, unstable air pressure at high speeds can lead to high missed sowing rates. To achieve high-speed, precision sowing, pneumatic high-speed precision corn seed meters require even higher and more stable air pressure, along with more complex auxiliary structures. This results in a more complex overall seeder structure, higher energy consumption, and increased production and operating costs. Furthermore, because pneumatic high-speed precision corn seed meters use a circular seed metering disc, the centrifugal force increases with speed, making it difficult to further increase sowing speed simply by relying on complex structures and increased air pressure.

[0004] To address the above shortcomings, a centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, combining mechanical and pneumatic power, is proposed. This seed metering device primarily utilizes the centrifugal effect generated by the high-speed circular motion of seeds for seed filling, cleaning, placement, and return, transforming the disadvantages of pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering devices into advantages. It features two operating modes: purely mechanical and gas-assisted, which can be freely switched according to the working environment and usage conditions. The purely mechanical mode solves the problem of the seed metering device being too large for small plots; the gas-assisted mode improves sowing performance, ensuring efficiency in large plots. The device achieves this mode switching through the design of its front shell, enabling high-speed precision sowing in various operating environments while ensuring sowing effectiveness and reliability. Compared to currently mainstream pneumatic high-speed precision seed metering devices for corn, this device simplifies the structure and reduces production costs. Furthermore, it consumes less energy during sowing, reducing environmental pollution from emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the difficulties of high-speed seed loading and carrying in traditional mechanical seed meters and the problems of complex structure, high energy consumption, and difficulty in increasing sowing speed in pneumatic high-speed corn seed meters, a centrifugal high-speed precision corn seed metering device combining mechanical and pneumatic operation was designed. This seed metering device primarily utilizes the centrifugal effect generated by the high-speed circular motion of seeds for seed filling, cleaning, sowing, and seed return, turning the disadvantages of pneumatic high-speed precision corn seed meters into advantages. It features two working modes: purely mechanical and gas-assisted, which can be freely switched according to the operating environment and conditions. The purely mechanical mode solves the problem of the seed metering device being too large for small plots, while the gas-assisted mode improves sowing performance and ensures efficiency in large plots. The device achieves this mode switching through the design of the front shell, enabling high-speed precision sowing in different operating environments while ensuring sowing effectiveness and reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn that can be used both mechanically and pneumatically includes a shaft 1, a first bearing 2, a rear housing 3, a second bearing 4, a seed metering disc 5, a hole insert 6, an agitator 7, a gasket 8, a screw 9, and a front housing 10.

[0008] The rear housing 3 includes a mounting hole 301 and a mounting lug 302 for fixing the mounting hole;

[0009] The first bearing 2 is mounted on the rear surface of the rear housing 3, and the second bearing 4 is mounted on the front surface of the rear housing 3.

[0010] Shaft 1 is installed concentrically with the first bearing 2 and the second bearing 4;

[0011] The seed metering disc 5 is mounted on the front surface of the rear housing 3 via a shaft 1. Four hole inserts 6 are equidistantly mounted around the perimeter of the seed metering disc 5.

[0012] The agitator 7 includes a central hole 701, a guide vane 702, and a thrust vane 703;

[0013] The agitator 7 is concentrically assembled with the shaft 1 through the center hole 701; the agitator 7 is mounted on the front surface of the seed metering disc 5 through the center hole 701 and the shaft 1; four guide vanes 702 and four thrust vanes 703 are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the agitator 7; the guide vane 702 has an arc boss structure, including an integral bottom arc structure and a top boss 704, with the arc center of the bottom arc structure of the guide vane 702 located on the right side of the guide vane 702; the thrust vane 703 has an arc structure, with the arc center of the arc structure of the thrust vane 703 located on the left side of the thrust vane 703; the lower surface of the boss 704 of the guide vane 702 contacts and is assembled with the upper surface of the upper left corner of the hole insert 6, which can press the hole insert 6 to prevent its axial movement; the thrust vane 703 does not contact the hole insert 6 and is located in the middle of the two hole inserts 6; the agitator 7 moves in a high-speed circular motion with the shaft 1;

[0014] During the seed filling stage, the guide vanes 702 agitate the seeds while simultaneously guiding and filling them. After capturing the seeds, the guide vanes 702 carry them in a high-speed circular motion. The centrifugal force generated by this high-speed circular motion causes the seeds to adhere to the guide vanes 702 and be filled into the orifice insert 6. The thrust vanes 703 exert a radial thrust on the seeds, pushing them towards the circumference and causing them to move along the edge of the seed metering disc 5. Seeds moving along the edge of the seed metering disc 5 are more likely to be filled into the orifice insert 6, increasing the seed filling success rate. During seed cleaning, the thrust vanes 703 provide radial thrust to the seeds, enhancing the seed cleaning process.

[0015] The gasket 8 and screw 9 are located on the front surface of the agitator 7 and are connected to the shaft 1, which can lock the seed metering disc 5 and the agitator 7 to move axially.

[0016] The front shell 10 includes a seed return channel 1001, a seed inlet channel 1002, an airflow channel 1003, a seed and airflow confluence inlet 1004, a seed blocking surface 1005, an irregular protrusion 1006, a seed inlet 1007, an airflow inlet 1008, an inclined shell 1009, a seed cleaning outlet 1010, a secondary chamber 1011, a main chamber 1012, a seed outlet 1013, a fixing ear 1014, and a rear surface of the front shell 1015;

[0017] The rear surface 1015 of the front housing contacts the front surface of the rear housing 3 for assembly; after the seed metering device is installed, the seed metering device chamber is divided into a seed filling area, a seed cleaning area, a seed feeding area and a seed return area along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc;

[0018] Along the direction of seed rotation, the starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed filling area is the bottom of the seed metering device, and the ending point is the point corresponding to the top of the seed metering device and the first end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed return area is the point corresponding to the top of the seed metering device and the first end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010, and the ending point is the bottom of the seed metering device.

[0019] The seed return area includes a seed cleaning area and a seed placement area. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed cleaning area is the point at the top of the seed metering device that corresponds to the first end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010, and the ending point is the point at the end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed placement area is the point at the top of the seed outlet 1013, and the ending point is the point at the rightmost end of the seed outlet 1013.

[0020] The seed inlet 1007, airflow inlet 1008, and seed outlet 1013 of the front housing 10 are located on the front surface of the front housing 10; the seed inlet 1007 of the front housing 10 faces upward, the seed outlet 1013 faces downward, and the airflow inlet 1008 is arranged at an angle.

[0021] The seed inlet 1007 has a seed inlet channel 1002 at its lower part, and the airflow inlet 1008 has an airflow channel 1003 at its lower part; the seed inlet channel 1002 and the airflow channel 1003 are connected at the seed-airflow confluence inlet 1004. The seed-airflow confluence inlet 1004 is connected to the bottom of the seed metering device;

[0022] Seeds enter the seed metering device through the seed inlet 1007 at the top of the front shell 10, and airflow enters the seed metering device through the airflow inlet 1008 at the upper left corner of the seed metering device; after passing through the seed inlet channel 1002 and the airflow channel 1003 respectively, the seeds and airflow enter the bottom of the seed metering device at the seed and airflow confluence inlet 1004.

[0023] The seed-blocking surface 1005 is an inclined cylindrical surface with an inclination angle of 55°, located around the inside of the front housing 10; the seed-blocking surface 1005 is used to constrain and guide the seed filling hole insert 6.

[0024] The seed cleaning outlet 1010 is located in the upper left corner inside the front housing 10 and is an arc-shaped notch. The seed cleaning outlet 1010 is located in the seed cleaning area of ​​the seed metering chamber and can connect the seed cleaning area and the seed return area. It is used to clean up excess seeds in the hole insert 6.

[0025] The seed return channel 1001 is a gradually curved surface located at the upper left corner of the front housing 10. The seed return channel 1001 is used to connect the seed cleaning outlet 1010 and the airflow channel 1003;

[0026] To prevent seeds from violently colliding with the front shell 10, the end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010 is provided with an inclined shell 1009; the inclined shell 1009 is located in the seed return area. After seed cleaning is completed, it prevents seeds that have not been fully cleaned from violently colliding with the shell, and at the same time guides the seeds to move towards the seed return channel 1001, and then flows back to the bottom of the seed metering chamber;

[0027] The front housing 10 is divided into a secondary chamber 1011 and a main chamber 1012. The secondary chamber 1011 is located on the left side of the front housing 10 and is an irregular channel. The irregular protrusion 1006 at the center of the front housing 10 makes the main chamber 1012 a gradually changing annular chamber, which is continuously distributed in the lower right, upper right and upper left of the front housing 10. The main chamber 1012 is used for seed and gas flow, constraining the seeds to make circular motion to form a regular seed flow, which can reduce seed jumping. At the same time, the seeds are constrained to the edge of the seed metering plate 5, which shortens the filling time and cleaning time, and improves the success rate of filling and cleaning. The seeds can obtain higher speed at the edge of the seed metering plate 5, which is beneficial for cleaning. The secondary chamber 1011 is used to connect the seed metering outlet 1013 with the seed metering chamber, allowing airflow to flow out of the seed metering device.

[0028] Four mounting holes 301 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the rear housing 3; four fixing ears 1014 are distributed around the rear part of the front housing 10, which are connected and assembled with the four mounting holes 301 on the rear housing 3 by bolts.

[0029] The upper and lower ends of the rear housing 3 are respectively provided with fixed mounting lugs 302, and the rear housing 3 is bolted to the frame of the seeding machine through the fixed mounting lugs 302.

[0030] The seed-blocking surface 1005 is always located directly in front of the front surface of the hole insert 6, and the distance between it and the hole insert 6 is 1mm.

[0031] The inclination angle of the seed-blocking surface 1005 is 40°.

[0032] The pre-sowing angle α = 10°; the angle of the sowing exit 1010 is 72°.

[0033] The tilt angle of the inclined shell 1009 is 40°.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. A high-speed precision seed metering device for corn was designed, featuring both purely mechanical and gas-assisted operation modes. It utilizes the centrifugal effect generated by the high-speed circular motion of seeds for seed metering, and the operating mode can be freely switched according to the working environment and usage conditions. The purely mechanical operation mode solves the problem of the seed metering device being too large for small plots, while the gas-assisted operation mode improves sowing performance, ensuring the efficiency of the seed metering device in large plots.

[0036] 2. An agitator wheel was designed with four guide vanes and four thrust vanes. When rotating at high speed, it can agitate the seeds to form a regular seed flow, while simultaneously guiding the seed flow and enhancing seed cleaning.

[0037] 3. The front shell is designed with a seed inlet channel, an airflow channel, and a seed return channel, which enables the seeds and airflow to work together to ensure the efficiency of seed dispensing.

[0038] 4. A seed-blocking surface is designed on the front shell, with an inclination angle of 40°, which can constrain the seeds from entering the filling hole insert.

[0039] 5. A seed cleaning outlet is designed on the front shell, with a seed cleaning advance angle of 10°, which can enhance seed cleaning and improve seed cleaning efficiency.

[0040] 6. An inclined shell 1009 is designed at the end of the seed cleaning outlet, which can effectively reduce the impact force when the seed collides with the inclined shell 1009.

[0041] 7. An irregular boss 1006 is designed inside the front housing. The boss 1006 is composed of arcs and curves, located at the center of the front housing, and connected to the front surface of the front housing. The boss 1006 creates a gradually changing annular chamber inside the seed metering device. This chamber can constrain the seeds to move in a circular motion at the edge of the seed metering disc, forming a regular seed flow, reducing seed jumping, which is beneficial for seed filling and cleaning, and improving the seed metering performance of the seed metering device. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 An exploded view of the structure of the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically, according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a right sectional view of the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn that can be used both mechanically and pneumatically according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is an assembly diagram of the rotating components of the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the agitator structure of the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the front housing portion of the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 The front housing rear view and partial sectional view of the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically according to the present invention, are shown below.

[0048] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the chamber layout of the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically according to the present invention.

[0049] The reference numerals in the attached figures are:

[0050] 1. Shaft 2. First bearing

[0051] 3. Rear housing 301, mounting holes

[0052] 302. Fixed installation lug 4. Second bearing

[0053] 5. Seed metering tray 6. Hole insert

[0054] 7. Agitator 701, Center Hole

[0055] 702. Guide vanes; 703. Thrust blades

[0056] 704, boss 8, gasket

[0057] 9. Screws 10. Front housing

[0058] 1001. Seed return channel; 1002. Seed entry channel

[0059] 1003, Airflow Channel; 1004, Seed and Airflow Confluence Inlet

[0060] 1005. Seed-blocking surface; 1006. Irregular protrusions.

[0061] 1007, Seed Inlet; 1008, Airflow Inlet

[0062] 1009. Inclined shell; 1010. Seed cleaning outlet

[0063] 1011, Secondary chambers; 1012, Main chambers

[0064] 1013. Seed outlet; 1014. Fixed ear

[0065] 1015. Rear surface of the front housing Detailed Implementation

[0066] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically, includes a shaft 1, a first bearing 2, a rear housing 3, a second bearing 4, a seed metering disc 5, a hole insert 6, an agitator wheel 7, a gasket 8, a screw 9, and a front housing 10.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, the rear housing 3 includes a mounting hole 301 and a mounting lug 302 for fixing the mounting hole.

[0069] Four mounting holes 301 are evenly distributed around the outer circumference of the rear housing 3. The upper and lower ends of the rear housing 3 are respectively provided with mounting lugs 302, and the rear housing 3 is bolted to the frame of the seeding machine through the mounting lugs 302.

[0070] The first bearing 2 is mounted on the rear surface of the rear housing 3, and the second bearing 4 is mounted on the front surface of the rear housing 3.

[0071] Shaft 1 is installed concentrically with the first bearing 2 and the second bearing 4.

[0072] The seed metering disc 5 is mounted on the front surface of the rear housing 3 via a shaft 1. Four hole inserts 6 are equidistantly mounted around the perimeter of the seed metering disc 5.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, the agitator 7 includes a central hole 701, a guide vane 702, and a thrust vane 703.

[0074] The agitator 7 is concentrically assembled with the shaft 1 through the center hole 701. The agitator 7 is mounted on the front surface of the seed metering disc 5 via the center hole 701 and the shaft 1. Four guide vanes 702 and four thrust vanes 703 are equidistantly spaced along the circumference of the agitator 7. The guide vane 702 has an arc-shaped boss structure, including an integral bottom arc structure and a top boss 704. The center of the arc of the bottom arc structure of the guide vane 702 is located on the right side of the guide vane 702. The thrust vane 703 has an arc structure, with the center of the arc of the thrust vane 703 located on the left side of the thrust vane 703. The lower surface of the boss 704 of the guide vane 702 contacts and assembles with the upper surface of the upper left corner of the insert 6, pressing down on the insert 6 to prevent axial movement. The thrust vane 703 does not contact the insert 6 and is located between two inserts 6. The agitator 7 performs high-speed circular motion with the shaft 1.

[0075] During the seed filling stage, the guide vanes 702 agitate the seeds while simultaneously guiding and filling them. After capturing the seeds, the guide vanes 702 carry them in a high-speed circular motion. The centrifugal force generated by this high-speed circular motion causes the seeds to adhere to the guide vanes 702 and be filled into the orifice insert 6. The thrust vanes 703 exert a radial thrust on the seeds, pushing them towards the circumference and causing them to move along the edge of the seed metering disc 5. Seeds moving along the edge of the seed metering disc 5 are more likely to be filled into the orifice insert 6, improving the seed filling success rate. During seed cleaning, the thrust vanes 703 provide radial thrust to the seeds, enhancing the seed cleaning process.

[0076] The gasket 8 and screw 9 are located on the front surface of the agitator 7 and connected to the shaft 1, which can lock the seed metering disc 5 and the agitator 7 to prevent axial movement, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0077] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the front shell 10 includes a seed return channel 1001, a seed inlet channel 1002, an airflow channel 1003, a seed and airflow confluence inlet 1004, a seed blocking surface 1005, an irregular protrusion 1006, a seed inlet 1007, an airflow inlet 1008, an inclined shell 1009, a seed cleaning outlet 1010, a secondary chamber 1011, a main chamber 1012, a seed outlet 1013, a fixing ear 1014, and a rear surface of the front shell 1015.

[0078] The rear surface 1015 of the front housing contacts the front surface of the rear housing 3 for assembly. Four fixing ears 1014 are distributed around the rear of the front housing 10, which are connected to the four mounting holes 301 on the rear housing 3 by bolts. After the seed metering device is installed, along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc, the seed metering device chamber is divided into a seed filling zone, a seed cleaning zone, a seed feeding zone, and a seed return zone, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown.

[0079] Along the direction of seed rotation, the starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed filling area is the bottom of the seed metering device, and the ending point is the point corresponding to the top of the seed metering device and the first end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed return area is the point corresponding to the top of the seed metering device and the first end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010, and the ending point is the bottom of the seed metering device.

[0080] The seed return area includes a seed cleaning area and a seed placement area. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed cleaning area is the point on top of the seed metering device corresponding to the first end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010, and the ending point is the point corresponding to the last end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed placement area is the point corresponding to the top of the seed outlet 1013, and the ending point is the point corresponding to the rightmost end of the seed outlet 1013.

[0081] The seed inlet 1007, airflow inlet 1008, and seed outlet 1013 of the front housing 10 are located on the front surface of the front housing 10. The seed inlet 1007 of the front housing 10 faces upward, the seed outlet 1013 faces downward, and the airflow inlet 1008 is arranged at an angle.

[0082] The seed inlet 1007 has a seed inlet channel 1002 at its lower part, and the airflow inlet 1008 has an airflow channel 1003 at its lower part. The seed inlet channel 1002 and the airflow channel 1003 are connected at the seed and airflow confluence inlet 1004. The seed and airflow confluence inlet 1004 is connected to the bottom of the seed metering device.

[0083] Seeds enter the seed metering device through the seed inlet 1007 at the top of the front casing 10, and airflow enters the seed metering device through the airflow inlet 1008 at the upper left corner of the seed metering device. After passing through the seed inlet channel 1002 and the airflow channel 1003 respectively, the seeds and airflow enter the bottom of the seed metering device at the seed-airflow confluence inlet 1004.

[0084] The seed-blocking surface 1005 is an inclined cylindrical surface with an inclination angle of 55°, located around the inside of the front housing 10. The seed-blocking surface 1005 is always positioned directly in front of the front surface of the hole insert 6, at a distance of 1 mm. The seed-blocking surface 1005 is used to constrain and guide the seeds into the hole insert 6. The static friction coefficient between the seed and the resin is 0.46, and the calculated maximum static friction angle is 24.7°. To ensure successful seed filling to the bottom of the hole, the inclination angle of the seed-blocking surface 1005 should be greater than 24.7°. A larger inclination angle results in a greater resultant force in the filling direction, which is more conducive to rapid seed filling. However, an excessively large inclination angle of the seed-blocking surface 1005 will compress the chamber space and make structural arrangement difficult. Preferably, the inclination angle of the seed-blocking surface 1005 is 40°.

[0085] The seed cleaning outlet 1010 is located in the upper left corner inside the front housing 10 and is an arc-shaped notch. Located in the seed cleaning area of ​​the seed metering chamber, the seed cleaning outlet 1010 connects the seed cleaning area and the seed return area, and is used to clean excess seeds from the orifice insert 6. The seed-blocking surface 1005 at the seed cleaning outlet 1010 narrows. When the orifice insert 6 carrying seeds reaches the seed cleaning outlet 1010, most of the seeds lose the constraint of the seed-blocking surface 1005 and, under the action of centrifugal force, radially pass through the seed cleaning outlet 1010 and detach from the orifice insert 6, leaving only one seed inside the orifice insert 6. To improve seed cleaning efficiency, a seed cleaning advance angle α = 10° is set. To ensure thorough seed cleaning, a larger angle for the seed cleaning outlet 1010 is preferable. Preferably, the angle of the seed cleaning outlet 1010 is 72°.

[0086] The seed return channel 1001 is a gradually curved surface located at the upper left corner of the front housing 10. The seed return channel 1001 is used to connect the seed cleaning outlet 1010 and the airflow channel 1003.

[0087] To prevent seeds from violently colliding with the front shell 10, an inclined shell 1009 is provided at the end of the seed cleaning outlet 1010. The inclined shell 1009 is located in the seed return area. After seed cleaning is completed, it prevents insufficiently cleaned seeds from violently colliding with the shell, and guides the seeds to move towards the seed return channel 1001, and then back to the bottom of the seed metering chamber. The inclined shell 1009 is located at the upper left corner of the seed-blocking surface 1005, with an inclination angle of 40°. The smaller the inclination angle of the inclined shell 1009, the smaller the impact force when the seeds collide with the shell. However, in order not to affect the structural arrangement of the seed return channel 1001, the inclination angle of the inclined shell 1009 is preferably 40°.

[0088] The front housing 10 is internally divided into a secondary chamber 1011 and a main chamber 1012. The secondary chamber 1011, located on the left side of the front housing 10, is an irregular channel. An irregular protrusion 1006 at the center of the front housing 10 makes the main chamber 1012 a gradually changing annular chamber, continuously distributed in the lower right, upper right, and upper left of the front housing 10. The main chamber 1012 is used for seed and gas flow, constraining the seeds to form a regular seed flow, reducing seed jumping. Simultaneously, the seeds are constrained to the edge of the seed metering disc 5, resulting in shorter filling and cleaning times, and improving the success rate of filling and cleaning. Seeds can achieve higher speeds at the edge of the seed metering disc 5, which is beneficial for cleaning. The secondary chamber 1011 connects the seed metering outlet 1013 to the seed metering chamber, allowing airflow to exit the seed metering device.

[0089] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0090] The seed metering device is driven by a motor. Power is input from shaft 1, which then drives the seed metering disc 5, the hole insert 6, and the agitator wheel 7 to rotate at high speed.

[0091] During operation, the seed metering chamber is divided into a seed filling zone, a seed cleaning zone, a seed dispensing zone, and a seed return zone according to the sowing process. Figure 7 As shown.

[0092] When operating in gas-assisted mode, both seed filling and cleaning are achieved using centrifugal force. The airflow propels the seeds to a higher speed, thereby increasing the centrifugal force and enhancing seed cleaning. Seeds enter the seed metering unit through seed inlet 1007 under their own weight, while airflow enters through airflow inlet 1008. After passing through seed inlet channel 1002 and airflow channel 1003 respectively, the seeds and airflow converge at inlet 1004, entering the bottom of the seed metering unit. The airflow, agitator wheel 7, and perforated insert 6 agitate the seeds in a high-speed circular motion. Guide vanes 702 and perforated insert 6 capture the seeds inside the seed metering unit.

[0093] Once the seeds enter the seed filling zone, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed circular motion causes the captured corn seeds to be rapidly filled into the orifice insert 6 along the guide vanes 702. Under the clamping action of the seed-blocking surface 1005 and the orifice insert 6, the corn seeds rotate with the orifice insert 6. The remaining uncaptured seeds continue to move in a circular motion within the seed metering chamber.

[0094] As the seeds rotate with the orifice insert 6, they enter the seed cleaning zone. Due to the narrowing of the seed-blocking surface 1005 on the front housing 10, most seeds, after losing the constraint of the seed-blocking surface 1005, undergo centrifugal motion and are cleared out of the orifice insert 6 through the seed cleaning outlet 1010, leaving only one seed inside the orifice insert 6. The remaining seeds undergoing circular motion enter the seed cleaning zone and, due to losing the constraint of the seed-blocking surface 1005, enter the seed return zone under centrifugal force. The cleaned seeds flow back to the bottom of the seed metering device through the seed return channel 1001. The seeds returning to the bottom of the seed metering device undergo circular motion again under the agitation of the airflow, the stirring wheel 7, and the orifice insert 6, undergoing filling, cleaning, and return processes, repeating this cycle until a seed flow is formed. After passing through the seed cleaning zone, only one corn seed continues to rotate, held between the orifice insert 6 and the seed-blocking surface 1005. When the seeds arrive at the seeding area, the airflow can flow out of the seed metering device through the secondary chamber 1011; the seed-blocking surface 1005 on the front shell 10 disappears, and the seeds are released from the hole insert 6 under the action of centrifugal force for seeding, and are discharged from the seed metering device from the seed outlet 1013, thus completing the entire sowing process.

[0095] When operating in pure mechanical mode, no airflow enters at airflow inlet 1008. The seeds achieve high-speed circular motion by agitation of stirring wheel 7 and hole insert 6. The rest of the working process is the same as when operating in gas-assisted mode. It can complete the entire process of seed filling, seed cleaning, seed placement and seed return, and achieve high-speed precision sowing.

[0096] The main difference between the purely mechanical working mode and the gas-assisted working mode is that the purely mechanical working mode does not involve airflow in the seed dispensing process, while the gas-assisted working mode requires airflow. Switching from the purely mechanical working mode to the gas-assisted working mode is achieved when airflow is introduced into the air inlet 1008. Switching back to the purely mechanical working mode is achieved when airflow is stopped from entering the air inlet 1008.

Claims

1. A centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn that can be used both mechanically and pneumatically, characterized in that: The centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn includes a shaft (1), a first bearing (2), a rear housing (3), a second bearing (4), a seed metering disc (5), a hole insert (6), an agitator (7), a gasket (8), a screw (9), and a front housing (10). The rear housing (3) includes a mounting hole (301) and a mounting lug (302) for fixing the mounting hole; The first bearing (2) is mounted on the rear surface of the rear housing (3), and the second bearing (4) is mounted on the front surface of the rear housing (3); The shaft (1) is installed concentrically with the first bearing (2) and the second bearing (4); The seed metering disc (5) is mounted on the front surface of the rear housing (3) via a shaft (1), and four hole inserts (6) are equidistantly mounted on the periphery of the seed metering disc (5). The agitator (7) includes a central hole (701), guide vanes (702), and thrust vanes (703); The center hole (701) of the agitator (7) is concentrically assembled with the shaft (1); the agitator (7) is assembled with the shaft (1) through the center hole (701) and mounted on the front surface of the seed metering disc (5); four guide vanes (702) and four thrust vanes (703) are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the agitator (7); the guide vane (702) is an arc boss structure, including an integral bottom arc structure and a top boss (704), the arc center of the bottom arc structure of the guide vane (702) is located on the right side of the guide vane (702); the thrust vane (703) is an arc structure, the arc center of the arc structure of the thrust vane (703) is located on the left side of the thrust vane (703); the lower surface of the boss (704) of the guide vane (702) contacts and is assembled with the upper surface of the upper left corner of the hole insert (6), which can press down the hole insert (6) to prevent its axial movement; The thrust blade (703) does not contact the hole insert (6) and is located in the middle of the two hole inserts (6); the agitator (7) moves in a high-speed circular motion with the shaft (1); During the seed filling stage, the guide vanes (702) agitate the seeds while simultaneously guiding and filling them; after capturing the seeds, the guide vanes (702) carry the seeds in a high-speed circular motion, and the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed circular motion causes the seeds to adhere to the guide vanes (702) and undergo centrifugal motion to fill the orifice insert (6); the thrust vanes (703) generate a radial thrust on the seeds, which can push the seeds to the circumference, causing the seeds to move along the edge of the seed metering tray (5); the seeds moving at the edge of the seed metering tray (5) are more likely to fill into the orifice insert (6), improving the seed filling success rate; during seed cleaning, the thrust vanes (703) provide radial thrust to the seeds, strengthening the seed cleaning; The gasket (8) and screw (9) are located on the front surface of the agitator (7) and connected to the shaft (1), which can lock the seeding disc (5) and the agitator (7) in axial movement; The front shell (10) includes a seed return channel (1001), a seed inlet channel (1002), an airflow channel (1003), a seed and airflow confluence inlet (1004), a seed blocking surface (1005), an irregular protrusion (1006), a seed inlet (1007), an airflow inlet (1008), an inclined shell (1009), a seed cleaning outlet (1010), a secondary chamber (1011), a main chamber (1012), a seed outlet (1013), a fixing ear (1014), and a rear surface of the front shell (1015). The rear surface (1015) of the front housing is assembled with the front surface of the rear housing (3); after the seed metering device is installed, the seed metering device chamber is divided into a seed filling area, a seed cleaning area, a seed feeding area and a seed return area along the rotation direction of the seed metering disc; Along the direction of seed rotation, the starting point of the arc corresponding to the filling area is the bottom of the seed metering device, and the ending point is the point corresponding to the top of the seed metering device and the first end of the seed cleaning outlet (1010). The starting point of the arc corresponding to the returning area is the point corresponding to the top of the seed metering device and the first end of the seed cleaning outlet (1010), and the ending point is the bottom of the seed metering device. The seed return area includes a seed cleaning area and a seed placement area. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed cleaning area is the point where the top of the seed metering device corresponds to the first end of the seed cleaning outlet (1010), and the ending point is the point where the end of the seed cleaning outlet (1010) corresponds to the last end. The starting point of the arc corresponding to the seed placement area is the point where the top of the seed outlet (1013) corresponds to the first end, and the ending point is the point where the rightmost end of the seed outlet (1013) corresponds to the last end. The seed inlet (1007), airflow inlet (1008), and seed outlet (1013) of the front housing (10) are located on the front surface of the front housing (10); the seed inlet (1007) of the front housing (10) faces upward, the seed outlet (1013) faces downward, and the airflow inlet (1008) is arranged at an angle. The seed inlet (1007) is provided with a seed inlet channel (1002) at its lower part, and the airflow inlet (1008) is provided with an airflow channel (1003) at its lower part; the seed inlet channel (1002) and the airflow channel (1003) are connected at the seed and airflow confluence inlet (1004), and the seed and airflow confluence inlet (1004) is connected to the bottom of the seed metering device; Seeds enter the seed metering device through the seed inlet (1007) at the top of the front shell (10), and airflow enters the seed metering device through the airflow inlet (1008) at the upper left corner of the seed metering device; after passing through the seed inlet channel (1002) and the airflow channel (1003) respectively, the seeds and airflow enter the bottom of the seed metering device at the seed and airflow confluence inlet (1004); The seed-blocking surface (1005) is an inclined cylindrical surface with an inclination angle of 40° to the vertical plane, located around the inside of the front housing (10); the seed-blocking surface (1005) is used to constrain and guide the seeds into the filling hole insert (6); The seed cleaning outlet (1010) is located in the upper left corner inside the front shell (10) and is an arc-shaped notch; the seed cleaning outlet (1010) is located in the seed cleaning area of ​​the seed metering chamber and can connect the seed cleaning area and the seed return area to clean up excess seeds in the hole insert (6); The seed return channel (1001) is a gradually curved surface located at the upper left corner of the front shell (10). The seed return channel (1001) is used to connect the seed cleaning outlet (1010) and the airflow channel (1003). To prevent the seeds from violently colliding with the front shell (10), the end of the seed cleaning outlet (1010) is provided with an inclined shell (1009); the inclined shell (1009) is located in the seed return area. After the seed cleaning is completed, it prevents the seeds that have not been cleaned sufficiently from violently colliding with the shell, and at the same time guides the seeds to move towards the seed return channel (1001) and then flows back to the bottom of the seed metering chamber. The front shell (10) is divided into a secondary chamber (1011) and a main chamber (1012). The secondary chamber (1011) is located on the left side of the front shell (10) and is an irregular channel. The irregular protrusion (1006) at the center of the front shell (10) makes the main chamber (1012) a gradually changing annular chamber, which is continuously distributed in the lower right, upper right and upper left of the front shell (10). The main chamber (1012) is used for seed and gas flow, constraining the seeds to make circular motion to form a regular seed flow, which can reduce seed jumping. At the same time, the seeds are constrained to the edge of the seed metering plate (5), and the required filling time and cleaning time are short, which improves the success rate of filling and cleaning. The seeds can obtain higher speed at the edge of the seed metering plate (5), which is beneficial for cleaning. The secondary chamber (1011) is used to connect the seed outlet (1013) with the seed metering chamber, so that the airflow can flow out of the seed metering device.

2. The centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The rear housing (3) has four mounting holes (301) evenly distributed around its outer circumference; the front housing (10) has four fixing ears (1014) distributed around its rear part, which are connected and assembled with the four mounting holes (301) on the rear housing (3) by bolts.

3. The centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the rear housing (3) are respectively provided with fixed mounting lugs (302), and the rear housing (3) is bolted to the frame of the seeding machine through the fixed mounting lugs (302).

4. The centrifugal high-speed precision seed metering device for corn, which can be used both mechanically and pneumatically as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The seed-blocking surface (1005) is always located directly in front of the front surface of the hole insert (6), and the distance between it and the hole insert (6) is 1mm.

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