Method for increasing the content of tocopherols in sesame by using paraquat

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural product quality improvement, and specifically provides a method for improving the content of tocopherol in sesame by using diquat. It is found for the first time that diquat can improve the content of tocopherol in sesame. The method provided by the present application comprises: spraying a diquat solution 5-15 days before the harvesting of sesame; the diquat solution is a 20% diquat water agent with a volume percentage concentration of 0.167%-0.5%, and the spraying amount of the diquat solution is 10-30 L per mu. The present application provides a reference for improving the content of tocopherol in sesame in production and technical support for the creation of high-quality edible vegetable oil.

Description

A method for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds using diquat. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural product quality improvement technology, and in particular to a method for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds using diquat. Background Technology

[0002] Tocopherol is an essential fat-soluble vitamin for the human body, possessing functions such as scavenging free radicals, inhibiting platelet aggregation, suppressing DNA damage, enhancing immunity, and maintaining normal reproductive function. An assessment of dietary tocopherol intake among Chinese residents revealed that edible oils and grains are the main sources of tocopherol intake, with edible vegetable oils contributing 46.76% of total dietary tocopherol intake.

[0003] However, the average daily intake of tocopherols from residents' daily diet is 10.17 mg / day, which is lower than the Chinese Nutrition Society's recommended dietary reference intake of 14 mg / day. Increasing the tocopherol content in edible vegetable oils is the most effective way to increase residents' tocopherol intake, and increasing the tocopherol content in oilseeds is the most fundamental means to increase the tocopherol content in edible vegetable oils.

[0004] Sesame is an important and high-quality specialty oilseed crop. Sesame oil has a rich and unique aroma and is an important flavoring oil. Applying chemical agents to induce exogenous stress is an effective means of improving plant resistance and enhancing the quality of plant products. However, methods for increasing the tocopherol content in sesame through exogenous chemical application have not been reported in the literature. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds using diquat, thereby overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art and achieving a safe and effective increase in the tocopherol content of sesame seeds.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a product for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds, the product containing 0.167%-0.5% by volume 20% diquat aqueous solution.

[0007] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds by spraying a diquat solution 5-15 days before sesame harvest; the diquat solution is a 20% diquat aqueous solution with a volume percentage concentration of 0.167%-0.5%.

[0008] The method provided by this invention includes:

[0009] (1) Prepare diquat solution by diluting 50-100 mL of 20% diquat aqueous solution with 20-30 kg of water.

[0010] (2) 5-15 days before sesame harvest, spray the sesame fruit and stems with the diquat solution prepared in step (1) at a rate of 10-30 L / mu.

[0011] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame using diquat comprises the following steps:

[0012] a. For 50-100mL of 20% diquat aqueous solution, dilute with 20-30kg of water to prepare a diquat solution;

[0013] b. 5-15 days before sesame harvest, spray the diquat solution prepared in step (1) evenly on the sesame fruits and stems in the form of a mist using a medium-sized manual sprayer, sprayer or air-mounted sprayer, with a spraying amount of 10-30L / mu.

[0014] Thirdly, sesame oil is an important flavoring oil, and the present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned product or method in the preparation of sesame oil.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention provides a sesame oil in which the sesame variety for preparing the sesame oil is sprayed with 20% diquat aqueous solution at a volume percentage concentration of 0.167%-0.5% 5-15 days before harvest, at a spraying rate of 20-30 L / mu.

[0016] In the sesame oil provided by this invention, the preferred varieties for preparing the sesame oil are G599 (Cuba-2, a variety introduced from Cuba), G465 (Teras-2, a variety introduced from Mexico), G401 (Wuchang sesame), SG602 (VIR 741, a variety introduced from Uzbekistan), G620 (Xiangheizhi 2078), or SG180 (Feidong black sesame).

[0017] Fifthly, the present invention provides the application of diquat in increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds.

[0018] Diquat is a bipyridine herbicide. Under strong sunlight, 80% of diquat applied to plant stems and leaves can be photodegraded within 4 days, and very little diquat residue remains on the plant after one week, with low residue in sesame. Furthermore, diquat can be strongly adsorbed by soil colloids, losing its activity upon contact with the soil, resulting in low residual toxicity to subsequent crops.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0020] The method provided by this invention mainly involves spraying diquat, which can achieve uniform peanut maturity, facilitating mechanized harvesting, and also increase the tocopherol content of sesame. Furthermore, diquat degrades rapidly, leaving minimal residue in the soil and other environments, and has low residual toxicity to subsequent crops, making it an effective means to increase the tocopherol content in sesame. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] The tocopherol determination method used in this embodiment is as follows:

[0023] Sample preparation: Take about 0.5g of crushed sesame sample (accurate to 0.0001g), add isopropanol to 5mL, vortex mix for 10min, ultrasonically extract at 50℃ for 30min, continue vortex mix for 30min, centrifuge at 4500rpm / min for 3min, take 1mL of supernatant and filter through a 0.22μm organic filter membrane for instrument detection.

[0024] Liquid chromatography conditions: Chromatographic analysis was performed using an Agilent HPLC 1200 with a Poroshell 120 SB-C18 column (100 mm × 4.6 μm × 2.7 μm), a UV detector at 298 nm, a mobile phase of V(methanol):V(water) = 90:10, a column temperature of 30 °C, an isocratic elution rate of 0.75 mL / min, an injection volume of 10 μL, and an injection time of 10 min. Finally, the compounds were identified based on the peak chromatograms and retention times of the standards and samples, and quantification was performed using the external standard method.

[0025] The sesame materials used in this invention, namely G599 (Cuba-2, a variety introduced from Cuba), G465 (Teras-2, a variety introduced from Mexico), G401 (Wuchang sesame), SG602 (VIR741, a variety introduced from Uzbekistan), G620 (Xiangheizhi 2078), or SG180 (Feidong black sesame), are all well-known varieties that have been published in journal articles or are circulating in the market.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment provides a method for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds, the steps of which are as follows:

[0028] 100 mL of 20% diquat aqueous solution is mixed with 30 kg of water. 14 days before the sesame harvest and maturity, a fixed amount of diquat aqueous solution is sprayed evenly on the sesame in the form of a mist, with a spraying rate of 30 L / mu.

[0029] The tocopherol content of sesame seeds in the blank control group and experimental group was determined after harvest. After spraying with diquat, the tocopherol content of sesame resource materials such as G599, G465, G401, SG602, G620 and SG180 increased by 5.8%-17.6% (see Table 1).

[0030] Table 1. Effects of diquat spraying on tocopherol content in sesame seeds.

[0031]

[0032] The residue of diquat in sesame seeds one week after harvest was detected using the national standard method GB / T 20770. The results showed that diquat was not detected in any of the samples, proving that spraying diquat does not affect the quality and safety of sesame. It is hypothesized that diquat affects sesame through two mechanisms: first, by spraying diquat, the plants mature rapidly and die, thus maintaining tocopherol levels at optimal levels; second, diquat does regulate the expression of certain genes related to tocopherol during plant growth and development, thereby affecting tocopherol content.

[0033] Comparative Example 1: Effect of Selenium Treatment on Tocopherol Content in Sesame Seeds

[0034] This comparative study treated sesame samples G620 (Xiangheizhi 2078) and SG180 (Feidong black sesame) with selenium at a concentration of 0.07% two weeks before harvest, at a rate of 10 kg / mu. The tocopherol content in the blank control group and the selenium-treated experimental group was determined after harvest, as shown in Table 2.

[0035] Table 2 Effects of selenium treatment on tocopherol content in sesame seeds

[0036]

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds, characterized in that, The method includes: (1) 50-100 mL of 20% diquat aqueous solution, diluted with 20-30 kg of water to prepare diquat solution; (2) 5-15 days before sesame harvest, spray the diquat solution prepared in step (1) on sesame fruits and stems, with a spraying amount of 10-30 L / mu.

2. The application of diquat in increasing the tocopherol content of sesame seeds, wherein the method of application includes: (1) Prepare diquat solution by diluting 50-100 mL of 20% diquat aqueous solution with 20-30 kg of water; (2) 5-15 days before sesame harvest, spray the diquat solution prepared in step (1) on the sesame fruits and stems at a rate of 10-30 L / mu.

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