Variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for high power fuel cell hydrogen circulation system

Abstract

The application discloses a variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen circulation system and relates to the field of fuel cell hydrogen circulation.The first flow channel is arranged through the ejector body, one end of the first flow channel is provided with a mixing-boosting component, the first flow channel is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen gas inlet component, the high-pressure hydrogen gas inlet component is provided with the second flow channel, and the second flow channel is communicated with external high-pressure hydrogen gas; the end of the second flow channel is connected with the ejector throat flow channel, one side of the ejector throat flow channel is connected with a cavity, the cavity penetrates to the outside of the ejector body, a movable structure is arranged in the cavity in a sliding mode, the movable structure is driven by an external actuator to move up and down along the cavity, the cross-sectional area of the ejector throat flow channel is changed, the high-pressure hydrogen gas flow and the ejecting performance are matched with the power demand, the stability of the hydrogen supply flow and the ejecting performance can be ensured in a complex bumpy road condition, and the wide power range adjustment is realized, and the long-term efficient and stable operation of the high-power fuel cell system of a heavy commercial vehicle is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuel cell hydrogen cycle systems, and particularly relates to a variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle systems. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Ejectors have functions such as pressurization, mixing, and circulation. Due to their simple structure, lack of moving parts, low operating and maintenance costs, and no additional energy consumption, they are used as the best alternative to circulation pumps in the hydrogen circulation system of high-power fuel cells in heavy-duty commercial vehicles to improve hydrogen utilization and the net output power of fuel cells.

[0004] Due to the complexity and unpredictability of road conditions, large commercial heavy-duty vehicles such as heavy trucks, buses, and mining / port loading vehicles place wide-range power output requirements on high-power fuel cells. Therefore, the demand for varying hydrogen flow rate and ejection ratio in the ejector hydrogen supply cycle system is also correspondingly large. However, traditional ejectors, due to their fixed structure, suffer from a severe mismatch with the hydrogen flow rate and ejection ratio requirements of high-power fuel cells operating under a wide range of conditions.

[0005] Although there is a variable structure ejector that uses a variable nozzle position to address the flow requirements under a wide range of operating conditions, its variable nozzle is prone to shaking in the complex driving environment of heavy-duty commercial vehicles, making it difficult to achieve stable and precise control and thus failing to guarantee the long-term stable operation of heavy-duty commercial high-power fuel cell systems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for high-power fuel cell hydrogen circulation systems. By vertically moving the movable structure of the nozzle to change the nozzle throat area of ​​the ejector, and in conjunction with the adjustment of the hydrogen supply pressure, the hydrogen supply flow rate of the high-power fuel cell hydrogen circulation system can be matched and supplied over a wide power range, while meeting the ejection ratio requirements under corresponding operating power conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A variable nozzle ejector structure suitable for high-power fuel cell hydrogen recirculation systems includes an ejector body. A first flow channel is internally disposed within the ejector body. A mixing-pressurization component is located at one end of the first flow channel. A high-pressure hydrogen inlet component is located within the first flow channel. A second flow channel is located within the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component, and the second flow channel is connected to external high-pressure hydrogen. An ejector throat flow channel is connected to the end of the second flow channel. A cavity is connected to one side of the ejector throat flow channel, extending to the outside of the ejector body. A movable structure is slidably disposed within the cavity. This movable structure is driven by an external actuator to move up and down along the cavity, changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the ejector throat flow channel to match the high-pressure hydrogen flow rate and ejection performance with power requirements.

[0009] Optionally, a fixed structure is provided inside the first flow channel, and the ejector throat flow channel and cavity are both located inside the fixed structure; a first arc-shaped groove is provided inside the fixed structure, and a second arc-shaped groove is provided at the bottom of the movable structure, and the first arc-shaped groove, the second arc-shaped groove and the surrounding wall together form the ejector throat flow channel.

[0010] Optionally, the fixed structure is further provided with a third flow channel, through which the second flow channel and the ejector throat flow channel are connected, and the third flow channel is a tapered flow channel.

[0011] Optionally, the second flow channel includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, the vertical section and the horizontal section are connected, the overall shape of the horizontal section is elliptical, and the rear end is provided with a tapered end.

[0012] Optionally, one end of the first flow channel is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell via a mixing-boosting component, and the other end of the first flow channel is connected to the anode outlet of the fuel cell.

[0013] Optionally, the ejector body includes an ejector circulation gas inlet component, a suction component, and a baffle component connected in sequence. The suction component includes a front suction component and a rear suction component. The high-pressure hydrogen inlet component is disposed within the rear suction component, and both the fixed structure and the movable structure are disposed within the front suction component. The baffle component has stepped holes, and one end of the mixing-pressurization component has a stepped protrusion, which is adapted to the stepped holes of the baffle component.

[0014] Optionally, the first flow channel includes a gradually expanding section and a straight section. The overall shape of the gradually expanding section is frustum-shaped, and the overall shape of the straight section is cylindrical. The gradually expanding section is disposed within the ejector gas inlet component, and the straight section is disposed within the suction component.

[0015] Optionally, the mixing-boosting component is provided with a tapered-straight-expanding flow channel with a circular cross-section.

[0016] Optionally, the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component is a combination of cuboid and trapezoidal shapes, with the front end cross-section of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component being rectangular and the rear end cross-section being trapezoidal.

[0017] Optionally, the rear end of the ejector throat flow channel is connected to the third flow channel through a tapered flow channel, and the tapered flow channel and the ejector throat flow channel form a subsonic movable structure nozzle with a tapering-straight circular flow channel from back to front.

[0018] Alternatively, the rear end of the ejector throat flow channel is connected to the third flow channel via a tapering flow channel, and the front end of the ejector throat flow channel is connected to an expanding flow channel. The tapering flow channel, the ejector throat flow channel, and the expanding flow channel together form a supersonic movable structure nozzle with a contracting-straightening-expanding circular flow channel from back to front.

[0019] The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention provides a variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for high-power fuel cell hydrogen circulation systems. Under the wide operating conditions of high-power fuel cell systems, the actuator drives the movable structure of the variable nozzle component to move up and down, adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the third flow channel, i.e., the cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle throat. Combined with the hydrogen supply pressure adjustment, this achieves matching of hydrogen supply flow rate and ejection performance with corresponding power requirements. This satisfies the wide range of power output requirements of high-power fuel cells for large commercial heavy-duty vehicles such as heavy trucks, buses, and mining and port loading vehicles, and meets the large variation range of hydrogen supply flow rate and ejection ratio requirements of the ejector hydrogen supply circulation system.

[0021] This invention can ensure stable control of hydrogen supply flow and ejection performance under complex and bumpy road conditions, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of high-power fuel cell systems in heavy-duty commercial vehicles.

[0022] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the ejector gas inlet component of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the ejector gas inlet component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the fixed structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the movable structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the movable structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle component of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hybrid-boost component of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hybrid-boost component of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the supersonic movable structure nozzle of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the subsonic variable nozzle of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the throat channel of the ejector of the present invention in its minimum open state.

[0042] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the throat channel of the ejector of the present invention in its maximum open state.

[0043] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0044] 1. Ejector body; 2. Ejector circulating gas inlet component; 3. Rear suction component; 4. Front suction component; 5. Baffle component; 6. Mixing-pressurization component; 7. High-pressure hydrogen inlet component; 8. Fixed structure; 9. Movable structure; 10. First flow channel; 11. Second flow channel; 12. First arc-shaped groove; 13. Second arc-shaped groove; 14. Third flow channel; 15. Ejector throat flow channel; 16. Cavity; 17. Vertical section; 18. Horizontal section; 19. Gradually tapering end; 20. Stepped hole; 21. Stepped protrusion; 22. Gradually expanding section; 23. Straight section; 24. Subsonic movable structure nozzle; 25. Supersonic movable structure nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0045] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0046] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This embodiment discloses a variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle systems.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen recirculation system includes an ejector body 1. The ejector body 1 includes an ejector recirculation gas inlet component 2, a suction component, and a baffle component 5. The baffle component 5 is connected to a mixing-pressurization component 6. The suction component includes a front suction component 4 and a rear suction component 3. The front suction component 4 is provided with a variable structure nozzle component, and the rear suction component 3 is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen inlet component 7.

[0050] The ejector gas inlet component 2, the suction component, the baffle component 5, and the mixing-pressurization component 6 are sequentially connected to each other, and the internal connections of the ejector gas inlet component 2, the suction component, and the baffle component 5 form a first flow channel 10. One end of the first flow channel 10 is connected to the fuel cell anode inlet through the mixing-pressurization component 6, and the other end of the first flow channel 10 is connected to the fuel cell anode outlet.

[0051] In terms of specific connection method, the ejector circulating gas inlet component 2, the front suction component 4, the rear suction component 3, the baffle component 5 and the mixing-pressurization component 6 are located on the same axis and are connected to each other in sequence through a sealing and positioning structure. At the same time, screw holes are provided at the four corners of the outer rectangle, and they are fixed together by long bolts.

[0052] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the first flow channel 10 includes a gradually expanding section 22 and a straight section 23. The overall shape of the gradually expanding section 22 is frustum-shaped, and the overall shape of the straight section 23 is cylindrical. The gradually expanding section 22 is disposed inside the ejector circulating gas inlet component 2. The gradually expanding section 22 is a gradually expanding flow channel with a circular cross-section. The straight section 23 is disposed through the suction component and the baffle component 5.

[0053] The high-pressure hydrogen inlet component 7 inside the rear suction component 3 has a combination of cuboid and trapezoidal shapes. The front end cross-section of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component 7 is rectangular, and the rear end cross-section is trapezoidal.

[0054] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component 7 is provided with a second flow channel 11, which is connected to external high-pressure hydrogen. The second flow channel 11 includes a vertical section 17 and a horizontal section 18. The vertical section 17 and the horizontal section 18 are connected. The horizontal section 18 is an axial flow channel with an approximately elliptical cross-section, and the vertical section 17 is a flow channel with a circular cross-section, perpendicular to the elliptical flow channel, and has a tapered end 19 at its rear end.

[0055] like Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, the front suction component 4 has a variable structure nozzle component, which includes a fixed structure 8 and a movable structure 9. The fixed structure 8 has a third flow channel 14 and a cavity 16. The third flow channel 14 is connected to the end of the second flow channel 11. The cavity 16 extends from the center of the fixed structure 8 to the outside of the front suction component 4 on one side. The movable structure 9 is slidably disposed in the cavity 16. The bottom surfaces of the movable structure 9 and the cavity 16 are respectively provided with a first arc-shaped groove 12 and a second arc-shaped groove 13. The first arc-shaped groove 12, the second arc-shaped groove 13, and the surrounding wall together form an ejector throat flow channel 15, which is connected to the third flow channel 14.

[0056] In this embodiment, the first arc-shaped groove 12 and the second arc-shaped groove 13 are both semi-circular. The first arc-shaped groove 12 and the second arc-shaped groove 13 are connected to the second flow channel 11 through the third flow channel 14. The third flow channel 14 is a tapered arc-shaped flow channel, which facilitates the connection between the second flow channel 11 and the ejector throat flow channel 15.

[0057] In this embodiment, the fixed structure 8 has a trapezoidal-rectangular combined shape on the outside. The rear half of the fixed structure 8 has a gradually narrowing flow channel (the third flow channel 14) near the central axis of the ejector. The front half of the fixed structure 8 has a cuboid hollowed-out area (cavity 16) above the central axis of the ejector, extending to the outer surface of the suction component. The lower part is a contraction-straight semi-circular flow channel or a contraction-straight-expansion semi-circular flow channel, which smoothly connects with the flow channel of the rear half. There is a rectangular platform on each side of the flow channel. The movable structure 9 is a cuboid that completely overlaps with the hollowed-out area (cavity 16) of the fixed structure 8. The shape of the flow channel at its lower end is the same as the shape of the flow channel in the front half of the fixed structure 8, and it is symmetrical about the plane containing the central axis of the ejector.

[0058] The high-pressure hydrogen inlet component 7, the fixed structure 8, and the movable structure 9 are located vertically to the internal axes of the rear suction component 3 and the front suction component 4, respectively, dividing the interior of the suction component into two flow channels.

[0059] This creates a connected structure of the second flow channel 11, the third flow channel 14, and the ejector throat flow channel 15, allowing high-pressure hydrogen gas from the outside to pass through the second flow channel 11, the third flow channel 14, and the ejector throat flow channel 15 in sequence, and finally be ejected from the ejector throat flow channel 15 to eject the circulating gas flowing in the first flow channel 10, thus mixing the two.

[0060] Furthermore, in order to adapt to the requirements of large commercial heavy-duty vehicles for a wide range of power output from high-power fuel cells and the wide range of requirements for changes in hydrogen supply flow rate and ejection ratio of the ejector hydrogen supply cycle system, the movable structure 9 in this embodiment can be driven by an actuator to move up and down along the cavity 16, changing the distance between the first arc-shaped groove 12 and the second arc-shaped groove 13, thereby changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the ejector throat flow channel 15, so as to match the high-pressure hydrogen flow rate and ejection performance with the power requirements.

[0061] In the initial position, the first arc-shaped groove 12 and the second arc-shaped groove 13 are in contact, forming the minimum opening state of the ejector throat flow channel 15. Driven by the actuator, the movable structure 9 moves upward along the cavity 16, changing the distance between the first arc-shaped groove 12 and the second arc-shaped groove 13. When the movable structure 9 moves to the limit position, the ejector throat flow channel 15 reaches the maximum opening state.

[0062] Furthermore, in actual use, the movable structure 9 can be driven by the actuator to move up and down in the vertical direction. The lower end of the movable structure 9 is in contact with the fixed structure 8 in the initial state, together forming a contraction-straightening or contraction-straightening-expansion circular flow channel. When it is necessary to adjust to a larger hydrogen supply flow rate, after the actuator drives the movable structure 9 to move upward, the shape of the nozzle throat flow channel changes to a semi-circular-rectangular-semi-circular cross-sectional shape flow channel. During the up and down movement of the movable structure 9, the rectangular cross-sectional area changes, and thus the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat of the entire variable structure nozzle component changes accordingly, and the hydrogen supply flow rate also changes.

[0063] like Figure 18 , Figure 19 The figures shown are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the ejector throat flow channel in the minimum and maximum opening states of this embodiment.

[0064] like Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 As shown, in the specific connection arrangement of the baffle component 5 and the mixing-pressurizing component 6, to facilitate the connection between the two, the baffle component 5 is provided with a stepped hole 20, and one end of the mixing-pressurizing component 6 is provided with a stepped protrusion 21, i.e., a circular boss structure. The stepped protrusion 21 is adapted to the stepped hole 20 of the baffle component 5. In specific fixing, the stepped hole 20 in the center of the baffle component 5 is connected to the circular boss on the outer rear end of the mixing-pressurizing component 6 and then sealed and welded for fixation.

[0065] The mixing-boosting component 6 is a gradually narrowing-straightening-expanding flow channel with a circular internal cross-section. The cross-sectional area of ​​the mixing-boosting component 6 increases first and then decreases from front to back, and there is a straight section 23 at the minimum cross-sectional area where the area does not change.

[0066] like Figure 16 , Figure 17 As shown, in this embodiment, the variable structure nozzle component has two structural forms: a supersonic movable structure nozzle 25 and a subsonic movable structure nozzle 24, specifically:

[0067] like Figure 17 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first arc-shaped groove 12 and the second arc-shaped groove 13 first decreases and then remains unchanged, forming a subsonic movable structure nozzle 24 with a shrinking-flat semi-circular flow channel;

[0068] Or, such as Figure 16 As shown, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first arc-shaped groove 12 and the second arc-shaped groove 13 first shrinks, then remains unchanged, and then expands to form a supersonic movable structure nozzle 25 with a contraction-straightening-expansion semi-circular flow channel.

[0069] Working principle:

[0070] Due to the complexity and unpredictability of road conditions, the power requirements of heavy-duty commercial vehicles need to vary frequently and over a wide range, corresponding to frequent and wide-ranging variations in the output power of high-power fuel cells. This necessitates that the high-power fuel cell ejector cycle hydrogen supply system be able to achieve wide-range regulation of hydrogen supply flow rate and ejector performance, while ensuring stable and continuous regulation. The variable nozzle structure ejector designed in this embodiment for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system for heavy-duty commercial vehicles can perfectly achieve this function. Its specific operation is as follows:

[0071] When a high-power fuel cell needs to operate at its minimum power point, the movable structure 9 of the variable nozzle ejector is in its initial state, with its lower end in contact with the fixed structure 8, forming the nozzle throat with the minimum cross-section. At the same time, the pressure regulating valve connected to the rear end of the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component 7 is adjusted to ensure that the flow rate reaches the required hydrogen supply flow rate of the high-power fuel cell. This is also the maximum ejection ratio point of the ejector, satisfying the low-power, high-ejection ratio requirement of the high-power fuel cell system. When the power variation range of the high-power fuel cell is small, it is only necessary to increase the hydrogen supply pressure through the pressure regulating valve to reduce the power, and then reverse the operation.

[0072] When the power of a high-power fuel cell varies over a large range, the actuator is used to lift the variable-structure nozzle component upwards by an appropriate distance. At this time, the nozzle throat area increases, becoming as follows: Figure 12 The cross-sectional shape shown is a semicircle-rectangle-semicircle. At the same time, adjust the pressure regulating valve to make the hydrogen supply pressure reach the appropriate pressure, reduce the power, and then reverse the operation.

[0073] When the high-power fuel cell stops working, the pressure regulating valve closes, and the actuator lowers the movable structure 9 to its initial position.

[0074] The specific adjustment values ​​for pressure regulating valves and actuators need to be determined based on the flow rate and ejector performance curves of ejectors of specific dimensions.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computer devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby allowing them to be stored in a storage device for execution by a computer device, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. The present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0076] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable nozzle structure ejector suitable for high-power fuel cell hydrogen recirculation systems, characterized in that, The device includes an ejector body, within which a first flow channel is provided. A mixing-pressurization component is provided at one end of the first flow channel. A high-pressure hydrogen inlet component is provided within the first flow channel. A second flow channel is provided within the high-pressure hydrogen inlet component, and the second flow channel is connected to external high-pressure hydrogen. An ejector throat flow channel is connected to the end of the second flow channel. A cavity is connected to one side of the ejector throat flow channel, and the cavity extends to the outside of the ejector body. A movable structure is slidably provided within the cavity. The movable structure is driven by an external actuator to move up and down along the cavity, changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the ejector throat flow channel, thereby matching the high-pressure hydrogen flow rate and ejection performance with the power requirements. A fixed structure is provided inside the first flow channel; the ejector throat flow channel and cavity are both provided inside the fixed structure; a first arc-shaped groove is provided inside the fixed structure, and a second arc-shaped groove is provided at the bottom of the movable structure. The first arc-shaped groove, the second arc-shaped groove and the surrounding wall together form the ejector throat flow channel. The fixed structure is also provided with a third flow channel, and the second flow channel and the ejector throat flow channel are connected through the third flow channel, which is a tapered flow channel.

2. The variable nozzle structure ejector for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second flow channel includes a vertical section and a horizontal section, the vertical section and the horizontal section are connected, the overall shape of the horizontal section is elliptical, and the rear end is provided with a tapered end.

3. The variable nozzle structure ejector for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the first flow channel is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell via a mixing-boosting component, and the other end of the first flow channel is connected to the anode outlet of the fuel cell.

4. The variable nozzle structure ejector for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ejector body includes an ejector circulating gas inlet component, a suction component, and a baffle component connected in sequence. The suction component includes a front suction component and a rear suction component. The high-pressure hydrogen inlet component is disposed in the rear suction component. The fixed structure and the movable structure are both disposed in the front suction component. The baffle component has stepped holes, and one end of the mixing-pressurization component has a stepped protrusion, which is adapted to the stepped holes of the baffle component.

5. The variable nozzle structure ejector for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first flow channel includes a gradually expanding section and a straight section. The overall shape of the gradually expanding section is frustum-shaped, and the overall shape of the straight section is cylindrical. The gradually expanding section is disposed inside the ejector circulating gas inlet component, and the straight section is disposed inside the suction component.

6. The variable nozzle structure ejector for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The mixing-boosting component is equipped with a circular cross-section shrinking-straightening-gradient expansion flow channel.

7. The variable nozzle structure ejector for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure hydrogen inlet component has a combination of cuboid and trapezoidal shapes, with a rectangular front section and a trapezoidal rear section.

8. The variable nozzle structure ejector for a high-power fuel cell hydrogen cycle system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the ejector throat flow channel is connected to the third flow channel through a tapered flow channel. The tapered flow channel and the ejector throat flow channel form a subsonic movable structure nozzle with a contracting-straight circular flow channel from back to front. Alternatively, the rear end of the ejector throat flow channel is connected to the third flow channel via a tapering flow channel, and the front end of the ejector throat flow channel is connected to an expanding flow channel. The tapering flow channel, the ejector throat flow channel, and the expanding flow channel together form a supersonic movable structure nozzle with a contracting-straightening-expanding circular flow channel from back to front.

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